本研究生目前任職於瑞士的S私人銀行，負責該銀行於台灣區的業務，先前亦曾經任職於國內銀行的理財中心與財務顧問公司，擔任理財主管與從事私人銀行平台工作超過十年期間。對於國內銀行近年來所推動之「財富管理」業務，或號稱更高等級之「私人銀行」業務發展，有深入的瞭解與實際上的業務拓展經驗。 據統計，台灣目前的財富管理商機高達28兆元，市場規模在亞洲排名第三，僅次於中國與日本。隨著兩岸關係解凍，金融業的重重限制可望逐步鬆綁，相信很多外移的資金將會陸續回流，台灣的財富管理市場將有很寬廣的成長空間。這也造成了各金融機構，無論是銀行業、證券業，甚至保險業均相繼投入此一熱門業務。加上近幾年來，國內外的金融業者在金控架構之下進入了白熱化的競爭，強調一次購足與全方位的理財服務，使得國內銀行的理財專員在業績目標的壓力之下，對於高資產與高所得客戶(HNWI)，披著量身訂作與精緻規劃的外衣，實際上進行了很多不必要金融理財商品的推銷。甚至，這些所謂的『金字塔頂端』的客戶所購買的理財商品，其風險值往往超過該客戶所能承擔之風險程度而不自知。一旦大環境發生巨變，例如數十年難得一見的次級房貸風暴與通膨危機同時發生，則客戶所遭受的虧損是很可觀的。其實類似的客訴事件在國內的金融機構屢見不鮮，雖然站在主管機關的立場應該幫助較弱勢的投資人，但財大氣粗的金融財團卻理直氣壯地不願意承擔誤導客戶之責任，往往客戶都會自認倒楣，如此客戶對該金融機構的信心一定大打折扣，甚至因而失掉了這個客戶。 同時，近年來因為國內稅負偏高，造成大筆資金外流至國外的知名私人銀行進行稅務或理財的規劃。據瞭解，台灣的有錢人在海外的資產規模，高達2,300億美元以上。預期未來在新政府上台後，將開始採取有利的稅負環境，包括遺產稅或贈與稅已大幅降低，以吸引滯留在外的資金回流。屆時這些為了節稅而有家歸不得的龐大資產，將會像迴游的鮭魚一般回到台灣，勢將引發國內金融機構新一波的理財業務競爭。但如果國內的業者在觀念上依然存在以過去的做法為指導方針，只在乎短線的手續費收益，競相地殺雞取卵，並未用心思考如何為客戶創造長期或世世代代的財富保障效益，無法達成歐美私人銀行數百年來所吸引富裕人士的功能，相信這幾年國內業者的努力也將付諸東流水！ 在此，希望藉由本文的深入探討，以研究生個人在此一領域十五年以上經驗，配合在S銀行的所從事的業務與國際間私人銀行做一比較，同時就目前國內正在萌芽的私人銀行業務競爭之優劣條件進行分析，並提出本研究生的建議。 / This graduate student is currently the Associate Director/General Manager of the Taiwan Regional for the “S Private Bank” from Switzerland. Previous to that, he was the Head of the Private Banking Centre in a local bank and as well was the President of an IFA (Independent Financial Advisor) which managed a private banking platform for local high net worth individuals (HNWI) with over 15 years of experience. Currently, the AUM of wealth management in Taiwan is over NT$28 trillion, ranking as the third among Asia countries, China & Japan ranking as No.1 & No. 2 respectively. After the new government in May 2008, the regulations in the different financial fields will be liberalized and this would attract the offshore monies returning to Taiwan. Therefore, there should have a big potential in the wealth management market. In this regard, local financial institutions, such as banks, security brokerages and insurance companies are putting every effort in this business, consequently, competition occurs. Due to the fierce competition, the HNWI have been overly loaded with investment tools recommended by FAs (financial advisor) in the banks. But after the subprime turmoil, the clients suffered and, in this regard, the bank might lose those clients. Meanwhile, the taxation rates in Taiwan have been too high to retain the monies domestically. It is estimated that the HNWIs have been keeping over US$230 billion of their money abroad. Fortunately, after the new government, the taxation has already reduced recently in attracting the money to return to Taiwan. By then, the local financial institutions will vie with each other for the huge money in the wealth management business. But if the local institutions remain keen on their nearsighted thinking of product or sales oriented private banking business in generating fee income, lacking of a long-term financial planning for HNW clients, as such, could hinder the local financial institutions from building the competitiveness in the private banking business. In this regard, this graduate student tries to give some personal experience in this particular field which is rarely touched by local practitioners. Also, this thesis will put forward some practical suggestions to the related Governmental Authority so as to make a healthier environment and wider room for the local interested parties. This study focuses on the results from the abstract to analyze and provide some realistic and useful suggestions to those financial institutions who are interested in the private banking business.

This thesis focuses on private banking in the Czech Republic. Thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the basic characteristics of private banking, history, legislation, subjects or impact of the financial crisis. The practical part is focused on products and services of private banking and the analysis of portfolios from private bankers from KB, a.s. and CSOB, a.s.

Zugleich: Diss. Wirtschaftswiss. Zürich, 2004. / Register. Literaturverz.

Univ., Diss.--Zürich, 2003.

[pt] A atual literatura empírica sobre a entrada de bancos estrangeiros e seus efeitos nos mercados domésticos e diversos estudos de casos conduzidos em diferentes países demonstram que a entrada de bancos estrangeiros em mercados domésticos provoca impactos negativos na performance dos bancos nacionais. Basicamente, por força do aumento da estrutura de concorrência no mercado e por práticas bancárias superiores introduzidas pelos bancos estrangeiros, os bancos domésticos são obrigados a reduzir suas margens (spread) e níveis de rentabilidade, a aumentar a oferta de crédito, a melhorar sua eficiência operacional e a aumentar o risco de crédito, entendido pelo aumento das provisões para inadimplência. Utilizando dados bancários de 11 bancos privados nacionais brasileiros para períodos semestrais de dezembro/1994 a dezembro/2002 e conduzindo regressões em painel e regressões lineares multivariadas para os dados agregados da amostra, o estudo busca evidenciar a existência de uma relação estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis de desempenho e a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros. Contradizendo a evidência empírica apresentada pela literatura internacional, este trabalho demonstra que, no Brasil, a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros estimulada pela liberalização da economia e da legislação após o plano Real, teve pouca influência no desempenho dos bancos privados nacionais. Os resultados estatísticos sugerem que um aumento da participação de bancos estrangeiros acarreta maior rentabilidade, menor eficiência operacional e aumento do risco de crédito para os bancos privados nacionais. / [en] Current empirical literature concerning foreign bank entry and case studies conducted in different countries, shows that the foreign bank entry causes negative impact on their domestic competitors performance. Basically, due to the improvement of the competitive market structure and better banking practices introduced by foreign banks, the domestic competitors are compelled to reduce their level of profitability and net interest margin (spreads), enlarge their credit intermediation, improve their operational efficiency, and increase their amount of risk, resulting in higher loan loss provisioning. By using semestral data from 11 private Brazilian banks during the period of 1994 - 2002, and conducting panel regressions and linear multivariate regression for the aggregate data of the sample, this work aims at offering evidence of a statistic relationship between the extent of foreign entry and ownership in the Brazilian private banking performance. This work show that in Brazil, the foreign bank entry, stimulated by the economic liberalization of the Real Plan and reforms taken under the legislative framework, had little impact on the Brazilian private bank performance, which contradicts the empirical evidence in the literature. Estimation results suggest that an increase in the share of foreign banks leads to higher profitability, lower operational efficiency and higher loan loss provisioning of domestic private banks.

This thesis presents an overview of the cornerstones of the Czech private banking. Describes private banks according to various criteria, their approach to the client workload, an importance of private banker position, expectations and needs of the client in the context of marketing and Public relations, selected premium products and services and overlooks the private banking sector in the future.

L'obiettivo della ricerca è evidenziare se l'investimento in beni non finanziari è preso in considerazione dalle private banks operanti in Italia nella costruzione dei portafogli dei loro clienti facoltosi, se nel processo di ottimizzazione siano seguite le logiche della modern portfolio theory e quali modalità vengono adottate nella fase di presentazione delle performance. si procede quindi ad esaminare gli investimenti in oro, in arte, in diamanti, in vino e in immobili per verificarne gli impatti sulla rischiosità e sulle performance di portafoglio. / The goal of this thesis is to verify if private banks that operate in Italy use goods as investment for diversifying HNW or U-HNW individuals portfolio, if they take in consideration the modern portfolio theory for asset allocation and how performances are presented to investors. So it analyses the investment as gold, real estate, art, diamond and wine to achieve the impact of them on portfolio risk and performance.

Bakgrund: I takt med klimatförändringarna har EU publicerat nya förordningar som syftar till att begränsa den sektor som har högst koldioxidutsläpp. Private Banking-sektorn omfattas av de nya förordningarna och tidigare forskning lyfter fram olika faktorer som påverkar en Private Bankers integrering av ESG i investeringsprocessen i arbetet mot att uppnå Parisavtalet och de globala målen 2030. Forskningsfråga: Hur arbetar Private Bankers med miljö-, sociala och styrningskriterier? Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att analysera vilka faktorer som påverkar en Private Banker att integrera miljö-, sociala och styrnings (ESG-) kriterier i investeringsprocessen. Studien avgränsar till Private Banking-sektorn i Sverige. Metod: Studien har genomfört på ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt i kombination med en abduktiv ansats. Intervjuerna har genomförts med fem olika respondenter från tre olika storbanker i Sverige från Halmstad, Göteborg och Stockholm. Teoretisk referensram: Den teoretiska referensramen behandlar tre olika teorier; aktieägarteori, intressentteori, nyinstitutionell teori. Resultat: Det görs tydligt att trenden inom storbankerna är hållbarhet. De olika faktorerna visar sig ha ett samband i hur en Private Banker integrerar ESG i investeringsprocessen genom att faktorerna påverkar varandra. De formella reglerna har störst påverkan i en Private Bankers investeringsbeslut inom storbankerna, men är även formad efter samhällets normer och värderingar. En utmaning inom sektorn är att få sina kunder mer medvetna om den påverkan deras placeringar har.

The main thrust of this study argues that failure to account for the notion of power in considering learning in social contexts—like a working environment—inevitably presents an incomplete and unrealistic account of how learning actually is. Literature suggests that mainstream scholars and theorists have arguably pushed issues regarding the inter-connectedness of power and knowledge to the peripheral—resulting in both a paucity of theoretical coverage and empirical work on the subject. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this study takes inspiration from Foucault’s conceptualization of power—argued to provide a useful analytical framework for exploring power. Implications on how power impacts on learning in a contemporary workplace is viewed through the key ideas of ‘situated learning in communities of practice’ (Lave and Wenger). This study proposes that Foucault’s conceptualizations of power—regarding power as being relational and interconnected to knowledge—allows for a useful analytical framework that can sensitize our efforts towards understanding the power effects of knowledge with regards to learning at, and through, work practices, ultimately enabling us to re-work the concepts of ‘communities of practice’. The context of this study represents a professional knowledge-intensive workplace—Private Wealth Management (also referred to as Private Banking). Such contemporary work contexts—suggested to represent rather different environments vis-à-vis craft-like professions, for example—are argued to represent a more complex, conflicted and competitively-induced platform for learning. The wider regulatory environment was found to have strong influences in shaping the learning environment, representing both opportunities and restrictions for the bankers. Assessment based, compliant-driven and structured-training efforts were key drivers of the learning environment. Social interpersonal skills and professional relationships were observed as being integral and found to involve elements of power inequality, both within and across boundaries to which participants mediated, negotiated and often times obfuscated to effect power shifts through their discursive practices. Skills and perspectives, with regards to learning, evolved as the banker’s career trajectory progressed. Power punctuated not only the social network of relationships, but was also noted at the organizational level, via both explicit and implicit controls. Participants described purposeful thoughts and actions: mediating learning and strategizing outcomes in the respective environments with conflicted identity that requires balancing self, belongingness and directed efforts towards meeting the expectations of organization, respective clients and self.

The international banking industry has paid much attention to private banking business because of its high profit. Although this business has hundreds of years of history in the United States and Europe, by contrast, it is still on the primary stage in China. Not until 2007 have more and more domestic bankers started to participant in this field. In recent years, China’s economy has maintained the rapid growth regarding the performance of GDP, stock market, real estate, etc. Benefit from the strong economy, the wealthy population and their wealth volume has been increased, those provide a good foundation for development of this business. At the meantime, with the continuously opening of China’s financial market and the demands for improvement of profit structure, this business has become a core strategy for domestic banks become to eager to develop. Under the incentive of market potential and pressure of external competition, China’s domestic banks still need to overcome some difficulties at the present stage to enjoy high profit from this business. Those obstacles includes the immature demands for financial services, the inadequate the external financial environment and lack of internal criteria within banks. Hence, on the one hand, the government should create a fine financial environment to help bankers to develop more advanced products or services to meet the clients’ demands. On the other hand, and bankers themselves should enhance the staff’s qualify and utilize the modern customers management techniques and information system to distinguish the target clients and their demands. / The international banking industry has paid much attention to private banking business because of its high profit. Although this business has hundreds of years of history in the United States and Europe, by contrast, it is still on the primary stage in China. Not until 2007 have more and more domestic bankers started to participant in this field. In recent years, China’s economy has maintained the rapid growth regarding the performance of GDP, stock market, real estate, etc. Benefit from the strong economy, the wealthy population and their wealth volume has been increased, those provide a good foundation for development of this business. At the meantime, with the continuously opening of China’s financial market and the demands for improvement of profit structure, this business has become a core strategy for domestic banks become to eager to develop. Under the incentive of market potential and pressure of external competition, China’s domestic banks still need to overcome some difficulties at the present stage to enjoy high profit from this business. Those obstacles includes the immature demands for financial services, the inadequate the external financial environment and lack of internal criteria within banks. Hence, on the one hand, the government should create a fine financial environment to help bankers to develop more advanced products or services to meet the clients’ demands. On the other hand, and bankers themselves should enhance the staff’s qualify and utilize the modern customers management techniques and information system to distinguish the target clients and their demands.