<p>I examine the central influence of anti-Catholicism upon the construction of English Canadian nationalism during the first half of the twentieth century. Anti-Catholicism provided an existing rhetorical and ideological tradition and framework within which public figures and other Canadians communicated their diverse visions of an ideal Canada. The study of anti-Catholicism problematizes the rigid separation that many scholars have posited between a conservative ethnic nationalism and a progressive civic nationalism. Often times these very civic values were inextricable from a context of Britishness. Hostility to Catholicism was not limited only to the staunchly Anglophile Conservative party; indeed the importance of anti-Catholicism as a component of Canadian nationalism lies in its presence across the political and intellectual spectrum. Catholicism was perceived to inculcate values antithetical to British traditions. It was a medieval faith that stunted the “natural” development of its adherents, preventing them from becoming responsible citizens in a modern democracy. The concentration of Catholicism in Quebec further inflamed many in Canada who saw French Canadian Catholics as anachronistic barriers to a united, democratic and modern Canada.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Over the past 20 years, Western societies have undergone profound transformations, among other things, due to immigration. These transformations are characterized by an increasing diversity and the impact of a multitude of traditions and religious beliefs. The proliferation of religious traditions and their expression often poses a real challenge, bringing the question of the place of religion in the public space and, consequently, making proselytism and its regulation at the heart of concerns. In certain European societies, considered modern and secularized, such as France, governments are inclined to ensure a certain social cohesion and assert secularism. This is also the case in Quebec, as in June 2019, the law of secularism was adopted. This law, among other things, attests to the neutrality and separation of the state and religion. However, sometimes, some individuals go beyond these principles, viewing secularism as a means to eliminate any traces of religious beliefs in the public space. For some, it could even be a tool to limit the proselytism of religious groups. Based on a few interviews, this research examines the experience of proselytism as lived by evangelical Protestant believers in Montreal. Does the Quebec context generate notable resistances to this religious practice protected by the law? / Depuis ces 20 dernières années, les sociétés occidentales connaissent des transformations profondes entre autres, à cause de l’immigration. Les croyances, religions et origines se diversifient. Cette multiplication de traditions religieuses et leur expression représentent souvent un véritable défi pour le vivre ensemble, plaçant la question de la religion dans l’espace public et notamment le prosélytisme et son encadrement au cœur des préoccupations. Certaines sociétés européennes dont la France, afin de garantir une certaine cohésion sociale, affirment la laïcité de l’État. C’est aussi le cas du Québec, alors qu’en juin 2019 a été adoptée la loi sur la laïcité de l’État. Cette dernière, entre autres, établit la neutralité, de même que la séparation entre État et la religion. Des personnes vont parfois au-delà de ces principes, en voyant en la laïcité un moyen de se débarrasser des traces d’expression de croyances religieuses dans l’espace public. Pour certains, ce serait même un outil permettant de limiter le prosélytisme de groupes religieux. S’appuyant sur quelques entretiens, le présent mémoire se penche sur l’expérience du prosélytisme tel qu’il est vécu par des croyants protestants évangéliques de Montréal. Le contexte québécois produit-il des résistances notables face à cette pratique religieuse protégée par les chartes ?

My dissertation focuses on representations of women and ritual on the Renaissance stage, situating such examples within the context of the Protestant Reformation. The renegotiation of the value, place, and power of ritual is a central characteristic of the Protestant Reformation in early modern England. The effort to eliminate or redirect ritual was a crucial point of interest for reformers, for most of whom the corruption of religion seemed bound to its ostentatious and idolatrous outer trappings. Despite the opinions of theologians, however, receptivity toward the structure, routine, and familiarity of traditional Catholicism did not disappear with the advent of Protestantism. Reformers worked to modify those rituals that were especially difficult to eradicate, maintaining some sense of meaning without portraying confidence in ceremony itself. I am interested in how early Protestantism dealt with the presence of elements (in worship, daily practice, literary or dramatic representation) that it derogatorily dubbed popish, and how women had a particular place of importance in this dialogue. Through the drama of Shakespeare, Webster, and Middleton, along with contemporary religious and popular sources, I explore how theatrical representations of ritual involving women create specific sites of cultural and theological negotiation. These representations both reflect and resist emerging attitudes toward women and ritual fashioned by Reformation thought, granting women a particular authority in the spiritual realm.

This study is comprised of four chapters and an Epilogue. Chapter 1 treats, by way of historical description, the founding of America's institutions of higher learning as defacto centers of evangelical Protestant indoctrination and ethos. Chapter 2 is a record of the rejection of evangelical Protestantism in the interest of making the colleges and universities nonsectarian. This was accomplished first by a gradual "broadening'' of the curricula. Later, the schools became altogether secularist in disposition. Chapter 3 recounts the factors leading to the changes in the institutions. Chapter 4 is an evaluation of competing truth claims in the aftermath of the demise of Protestantism and a review of the gains and losses that came with the change. Finally, the Epilogue is a case study of one institution that reversed the trend. / Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Systematic Theology)

As French Protestantism emerged in the 1550s, the young community needed charismatic leaders. The main impetus came from native pastors with strong links to Geneva. Antoine de Chandieu was a key figure amongst these men. His writings promoted the values of French Protestantism over three decades and provide insight into how this vulnerable community faced the challenges of the civil war years. This study uses Chandieu’s prose and verse writings to examine how French Protestants defined themselves from the 1550s to the 1590s. Chapter one looks at Chandieu’s life and career, placing his works in the context of the Wars of Religion. Chapter two examines the early structural development of the French Church and the attempt to establish a system independent of that in Geneva. Chapter three concentrates on the Conspiracy of Amboise, and the tension that developed between the political and religious concerns of the movement. Chapters four and five explore the ways in which Chandieu engaged with perceived threats from internal and external sources. Chapter six focuses on the shift towards meditative writing provoked by the Protestants’ losses during the later wars, whilst chapter seven highlights the continuing preoccupation with theological issues throughout Chandieu’s later years of exile. Chandieu’s career provides a personal experience of the French religious wars which underlines how French Protestantism tried to retain its independence. This became increasingly difficult as the wars progressed, and the movement consistently returned to the refuge of Genevan influence. Although his faith was never shaken, the sustained losses suffered by the Protestants caused Chandieu to abandon his hopes of a fully independent French Church, and to reflect deeply on the emotional torment that resulted from years of interconfessional strife. In his works we see the French church’s struggle to find a workable group identity in the face of civil war.

This doctoral thesis, entitled “Church & Society in Eighteenth-Century Geneva, 1700-1789”, will seek to reappraise the relationship between religion and the Enlightenment through the context of eighteenth-century Geneva. Based on the perspectives of the philosophes, historians have generally understood the Enlightenment as the source of secularization and a period of religious decline. However, more recent work has begun to reassess the developments of religion in the eighteenth century beyond the philosophes, resulting in an increasingly multi-faceted picture of religion in the age of Enlightenment. This thesis will contribute to that revisionist effort. Eighteenth-century Geneva offers an intriguing example because it allows one to observe the encounter of the Reformation and the Enlightenment in the figurative meeting between Calvin and Voltaire. With that in mind, this work will re-examine the legacy of Calvin from 1700 to 1789 through a socio-historical and theological approach in order to analyze the functioning of religious life in Genevan society, the theological content and development of preaching and worship, and the clerical responses to incidents of conflict in relation to the government and the philosophes. The near totality of this research has stemmed from the study of manuscript sources within the Genevan archives, such as sermons, church and government records, and official and personal correspondence. Through the perspective of Geneva’s church and clergy, a far more complex picture of the dynamic between religion and the Enlightenment will emerge supporting the understanding that the Enlightenment occurred differently in different contexts and challenging the widespread attribution of the secularization theory and the decline of religion thesis to the eighteenth century.

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a produção escrita huguenote no exílio no decorrer de um período de aproximadamente trinta anos (1676-1707), época marcada pela revogação do édito de Nantes (1685). Dentre as dezenas de milhares de reformados proscritos da França em virtude das perseguições religiosas ocorridas durante o reinado de Luís XIV, alguns indivíduos publicaram, nomeadamente na Inglaterra e nas Províncias Unidas, escritos de gêneros totalmente distintos, como relações de viagem, cartas pastorais, tratados políticos, teológicos e filosóficos, utopias e projetos coloniais. A finalidade da dissertação é examinar detalhadamente tais escritos, identificando propostas e debates de ordem política, social, econômica e/ou religiosa, que indubitavelmente refletiam as inquietações e expectativas dos huguenotes no referido momento, ou seja, suas diferentes reações diante de uma conjuntura histórica antagônica. / The objective of this study is to analyze the Huguenot written production in exile during a period of approximately thirty years (1676-1707), a time marked by the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685). Amongst tens of thousands of protestants banned from France because of religious persecution that occurred throughout the reign of Louis XIV, some individuals published, particularly in England and the United Provinces, completely different genres of writings, like travel accounts, pastoral letters, political, theological and philosophical treaties, utopias and colonial projects. The purpose of the dissertation is to examine these writings in detail, identifying proposals and debates on political, social, economic and/or religious order, which undoubtedly reflected the concerns and expectations of the Huguenots in that time, ie, their different reactions under an antagonistic context.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Santos Queiroz.pdf: 230690 bytes, checksum: 6e94689776605113a448d36f3b99534d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The main point of this study envisages the search for what we call Religious Identity. The religions, through their moral discourse, intend to reproduce a religious identity in their members, which leads them to face the world from a religious viewpoint. Pentecostalism, a Protestant branch in its varied expressions, seeks to imprint such religious identity through its moral discourse. In this paper, we attempt to analyze this religious identity, named ethos . The search for this religious ethos led us to interview a group of teen-agers, aged 14 to 17, in the outskirts of São Paulo, members of the Evangelic Christian Community, God is With Us Ministry. The conclusion is that Evangelic Christian Community, God is With Us Ministry, by means of its moral discourse, is generating a religious identity in these teenagers, visible in their perspectives, attitudes and views ate the world / A principal idéia deste estudo consiste na busca pelo que chamamos de Identidade Religiosa. As religiões, através do seu discurso moral, reproduzem em seus membros uma identidade, que os faz olhar o mundo através da visão religiosa. O Pentecostalismo, ramo protestante das mais variadas expressões, procura imprimir através do seu discurso moral, essa identidade religiosa. Neste trabalho, procuramos analisar essa identidade, chamada de ethos . A busca por esse ethos religioso levou-nos a ouvir um grupo de adolescentes, com idade entre 14 a 17 anos, da periferia de São Paulo, membros da Comunidade Cristã Evangélica Ministério Deus Conosco. A conclusão é que A Comunidade Cristão Evangélica Ministério Deus Conosco, através do seu discurso moral, está gerando uma identidade religiosa nesses adolescentes, visível em suas falas, posturas e visões de mundo

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elias Bernardo de Brito Junior.pdf: 3799626 bytes, checksum: 22228005e02f419464abbaab14527542 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-05 / The Brazilians Baptists settled down in the national territory at the end of 19th century, proceeding from The United States of America. Here, in Brazil, they have experienced a period of great growth. Today they are located in all the units of the federation. Its expansionism has awakened the need to create means of communication that kept the immense group cohesive. The Brazilians Baptists of the State of Sao Paulo founded the Batista Paulistano periodical in 1909. The periodical had an informative mark, it divulged the activities developed and it was the mean of communication between the leadership and the members in the State. This project investigates the political role of the Batista Paulistano periodical from Jânio government to Medici government. Period that marks the transition from a democratic regime of duty for a dictatorial regime implanted by Brazilian arm. This project seeks analyze whether the official adopted a posture of impartiality or a political engagement in the fight against military dictatorship. In addition to recognize the importance of the periodical as an historic document revealing of the quotidian , Cosmovision and Baptist Thought / Os Batistas Brasileiros instalam-se no território nacional no final do século XIX, provenientes dos Estados Unidos da América. Aqui experimentam um período de grande crescimento. Hoje estão localizados em todas as unidades da federação. Seu expansionismo despertou a necessidade de criar meios de comunicação que mantivessem coeso o imenso grupo. Os Batistas Brasileiros do Estado de São Paulo fundaram o jornal Batista Paulistano no ano de 1909. O jornal tinha caráter informativo, divulgava as atividades desenvolvidas e era o canal de comunicação entre a liderança e a membresia no Estado. Este trabalho investiga o papel político do jornal Batista Paulistano do governo Jânio ao governo Médici. Período que marca a transição de um regime democrático de direito para um regime ditatorial implantado pelo Exército Brasileiro. Procura analisar se o jornal adotou uma postura de imparcialidade ou de engajamento político na luta contra a ditadura militar, além de reconhecer a importância do periódico como Documento Histórico revelador do cotidiano, da cosmovisão e do pensamento batista

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcone Bezerra Carvalho.pdf: 1359245 bytes, checksum: b21c185a79adcb8fd713e99d1d4fa5eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19 / French historian Émile-G. Léonard, while residing in Brazil (1948-1950) and teaching at the Universidade de São Paulo (USP), made an assessment of the Protestant segment in Brazil. He wrote a work that, six decades later, still constitutes the main interpretation of the Brazilian Protestant movement. This Sorbonne chair professor was influenced by the Annales School (especially by Lucien Fevbre) and was the first historian of this movement to consider Brazil as an object of research. This thesis approaches, firstly, the scenario of contemporary historiography and its impact within or on the overall context of the country. Next, it presents an overview of Léonard s life and work, with special attention given to his production about Brazil, that is to his Brazilianism . The last chapter deals with his evaluation of Brazilian Protestantism, and analyzes his contribution and influence with respect to studies developed around this theme. / Durante o período em que esteve no Brasil (1948-1950) como professor da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), o historiador francês Émile-G. Léonard analisou a presença protestante no país e escreveu uma obra que, passadas seis décadas, ainda se constitui na principal interpretação do movimento evangélico brasileiro. Influenciado pela Escola dos Annales - particularmente por Lucien Fevbre -, o catedrático da Sorbonne foi o primeiro historiador ligado ao movimento a tomar o Brasil como objeto de estudo. O trabalho que ora apresentamos aborda, primeiramente, o cenário da historiografia contemporânea e seus ecos no contexto nacional. Em seguida, a vida e a obra de Léonard são tratadas, dando-se especial atenção à sua produção sobre o Brasil, ou seja, ao seu Brasilianismo. No último capítulo, sua reflexão a respeito do protestantismo brasileiro, sua influência e contribuição aos estudos relacionados ao tema são analisadas.