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No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amom Rodrigues de Morais - 2017.pdf: 1567732 bytes, checksum: d5735b2de853a3dd8f7bf42a470f4190 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The purpose of this text is to study the relationship between psychology and Marxism in relation to the concept of subjectivity. It intends to explore the materialist ontology of the social being developed by György Lukács, seeking grounds for a materialist historical approach to subjectivity. Thus, in a first moment, aspects of the development of the subjective experience in the modernity, related to the historical constitution of the scientific psychology, are approached. Next, we present contributions from Marxism to the study of subjectivity, in addition to the summary of some psychological theories that have articulated with Marxism. It addresses, in addition, Marxist currents that worked with the subjectivity category. This discussion points out that in the sociability of capitalism, categories of absorption of the sensitive experience undergo transformations which, in turn, require adjustments of scientific knowledge. The impasse lies in identifying if this epistemic matrix, on which Psychology is based, is sufficient to apprehend the totality of the complex of subjectivity and to point out the margin of its transformation. With this, we pass to a second moment, in the interpretation of a systematic part of the Ontology of the social being. In his first chapter, an overview of the work and time of Lukács, the roots and main motivations that preceded the elaboration of his Ontology, is presented. Next, we present an analysis of the relation between subjectivity and the ontological centrality of the work, which indicates to a theory of materialist ontogenesis of the subject. In this sense, subjectivity is this new ontological sphere that exerts force in the categorial unfolding of social reality. Finally, we analyze the chapter of social reproduction, which represents the amplified reproduction of subjectivity at a more complex, more mediated and richer level. In this way, the main contribution of the social ontology of being is to offer a philosophy of the immanence of subjectivity that manifests itself in the history of the transformation of the world of men. / O presente texto tem como propósito geral estudar a relação entre Psicologia e Marxismo no que tange ao conceito de subjetividade. Pretende explorar a ontologia materialista do ser social desenvolvida por György Lukács, buscando fundamentos para uma abordagem histórico materialista da subjetividade. Dessa forma, num primeiro momento, aborda-se aspectos do desenvolvimento da experiência subjetiva na modernidade, relacionada com a constituição histórica da Psicologia científica. Em seguida, apresenta-se contribuições do Marxismo para o estudo da subjetividade, além do resumo de algumas teorias psicológicas que se articularam com o Marxismo. Aborda, ademais, correntes marxistas que trabalharam com a categoria subjetividade. Essa discussão aponta que na sociabilidade do capitalismo, categorias de absorção da experiência sensível sofrem transformações que, por sua vez, exigem adequações do conhecimento científico. O impasse se encontra em identificar se essa matriz epistêmica, na qual a Psicologia está assentada, é suficiente para apreender a totalidade do complexo da subjetividade e apontar margem de sua transformação. Com isso, passa-se a um segundo momento, na interpretação de uma parte sistemática da Ontologia do ser social. Em seu primeiro capítulo, apresenta-se um panorama geral sobre a obra e o tempo de Lukács, as raízes e as motivações principais que precederam a elaboração da sua Ontologia. A partir daí apresentamos uma análise da relação entre subjetividade e a centralidade ontológica do trabalho, a qual indica para uma teoria da ontogênese materialista do sujeito. Nesse sentido, a subjetividade é essa nova esfera ontológica que exerce força no desdobramento categorial da realidade social. Por fim, analisamos o capítulo da reprodução social, a qual representa a reprodução ampliada da subjetividade em um patamar mais complexo, mais mediado e rico. Dessa forma, a principal contribuição da Ontologia dos ser social é oferecer uma filosofia da imanência da subjetividade que se manifesta na história da transformação do mundo dos homens.

A tomada de decisão quase sempre envolve a dimensão temporal e no ser humano, como nos outros animais, há um viés em favorecer o presente, fenômeno chamado de desconto do futuro. Entender em que condições e contextos os vieses cognitivos como o desconto do futuro ocorrem nos ajuda a compreender o funcionamento da cognição humana, e pode fornecer caminhos para prevenir a sua ocorrência quando são prejudiciais. Há pouco consenso sobre os antecedentes psicológicos do desconto do futuro, e o nível em que ele ocorre varia conforme a espécie, o sexo, a idade, os indivíduos, e os diferentes contextos para o mesmo indivíduo. Há poucos estudos que investigam a relação entre escolhas intertemporais e a percepção subjetiva do tempo. Para compreender o fenômeno do desconto do futuro e os mecanismos psicológicos relacionados a ele, nesse estudo investigamos a influência da percepção subjetiva de tempo. Participaram 208 pessoas, 117 mulheres e 91 homens com idades entre 18 e 71 anos, que responderam a um questionário online, anônima e voluntariamente. Foram perguntados o gênero, a idade, escolaridade, estado civil, se o participante possuía ou não filhos e em seguida o participante respondia a quatro instrumentos: (1) Cenário do Cupom, para verificar a taxa de desconto do futuro, com quatro condições experimentais que corresponderam a diferentes modos de apresentação do intervalo de tempo de três meses, (2) Aversão ao Risco, para verificar a aversão ao risco e (3) Distância da data e (4) Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory ZTPI, para verificar a percepção subjetiva de tempo. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na taxa de desconto do futuro entre as quatro condições experimentais, contudo foi encontrada uma correlação positiva entre taxa de desconto do futuro e distância subjetiva da data em geral, juntando-se os quatro grupos e independente da apresentação. As análises indicaram que as mulheres dessa amostra apresentam maior taxa de desconto do futuro, são mais avessas ao risco, e mais propensas à orientação temporal do futuro. Os jovens, apresentaram, com relação aos mais velhos, maior taxa de desconto do futuro e maior propensão ao tempo presente. Além da distância subjetiva temporal, as variáveis gênero e idade foram as únicas que correlacionaram com diferenças na taxa de desconto do futuro. O instrumento Cenário do cupom pode não 7 ter sido adequado para acessar a taxa de desconto do futuro dos participantes quando se considera o gênero, já que outros fatores podem ter causado o maior valor pedido, e não uma maior propensão ao presente / Every moment we have to decide, and during this process cognitive biases can occur. Decision making almost always includes the temporal dimension. Human beings and other animals prefer the present, phenomenon known as future discounting. There is almost no consensus about the psychological antecedents of future discounting. Its occurrence varies with the species, the individual, the gender, the age, and different contexts for the same individual. We can understand the functioning of human mind studying the cognitive biases and the context of their occurrence, moreover we can prevent their occurrence when they are prejudicial. There are not many studies on intertemporal choice and time perception, therefore we want to contribute to the literature, adding data and reflections in this area. We explored the time perception, trough four experimental conditions, and controlling gender, age, marital status and if the participant had children or not. We had 208 participants, 117 women and 91 men, ages varying from 18 and 71, which answered to an anonymous online questionnaire, voluntarily. There were four instruments, one to verify the discounting future rate (Gift certificate Scenario ) with four experimental conditions corresponding to four different ways of presenting the three months interval , one to verify risk aversion (Risk aversion), and two to verify time perception (Distance to the date, Zimbardo time perspective inventory). There was no difference in the four experimental conditions; women had a higher future discounting rate than men, and younger participants had a higher discounting rate than older participants. Women were more risk averse than men. Younger participants had more propensity to the present than older participants. Women had more propensity to the future than men. The higher the discounting rate, higher the subjective distance of the date. There were no influence of the way the date is present, neither the participant´s marital status or if the participant had children or not. Age and gender showed an influence in time perception and future discounting

Há evidências que os mecanismos responsáveis pela atenção visuoespacial estão assimetricamente representados nos dois hemisférios cerebrais. A existência de uma diferença interlateral da atenção voluntária foi investigada em uma tarefa de escolha simples e de escolha vai/não-vai. Estímulos pistas centrais unilaterais (indicando lado esquerdo ou direito do espaço) e estímulos pistas centrais bilaterais (indicando ambos os lados do espaço) foram utilizados para direcionar a atenção. Tempos de reação a um alvo quando as pistas eram válidas, inválidas e bilaterais foram avaliados. O efeito atencional (diferença entre o tempo de reação quando a pista era inválida e o tempo de reação quando a pista era válida) foi maior quando a pista indicava o lado direito do que quando indicava o lado esquerdo. Quando a pista ocorria bilateralmente, o tempo de reação foi menor no lado direito do que no lado esquerdo. A atenção voluntária tende a favorecer o lado direito do espaço particularmente quando a discriminação da forma do alvo é requerida. / There is evidence that the mechanisms responsible for visuospatial attention are asymmetrically represented in the two cerebral hemispheres. The existence of an interlateral difference of voluntary attention was investigated in a simple choice reaction time task and in a go/no-go choice reaction time task. Unilateral central cues (indicating left side or right side) and bilateral central cue (indicating both sides of space) were used to control attention. Reaction time to a visual target stimulus when the cue was valid, invalid or bilateral was evaluated. The attentional effect (difference between reaction time when the cue was invalid minus when the cue was valid) was larger when the cue indicated the right side than when it indicated the left. When the cue occurred bilaterally, reaction time was faster on the right hemifield. The voluntary attention tends to favor the right side of space particularly when discrimination of the shape of the target stimulus is required.

<p dir="ltr">Activity-based anorexia (ABA) is a rodent model of anorexia nervosa (AN) that induces several key components of AN, including voluntary reduction in food intake, reduced body weight, hyperactivity, and alterations to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Experiencing ABA during adolescence also effects behavior in social contexts, including contributing to the development of social avoidance even after cessation of exposure to the paradigm and restoration of weight lost during ABA. We used the social partition (SPT), novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), marble burying, and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests to determine the effects of two bouts of adolescent ABA on anxiety-like behavior in weight restored young adult female rats. One-way ANOVA analyses showed that two bouts of adolescent ABA contribute to prolonged increases in general and social avoidance in young adult female rats compared with control rats. To explain our behavioral findings, we next explored the effects of two bouts of adolescent ABA on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRFR1) expression in the oval bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (_ovBNST), a brain region involved in anxiety and social behavior. While previous research shows that two bouts of adolescent ABA contribute to HPA axis hyperactivation and _ovBNST inflammation following weight restoration from adolescent ABA, our one-way ANOVA analyses showed no significant differences in GFAP or CRFR1 expression in the _ovBNST across groups. Finally, to explore whether adolescent AN symptoms can predict anxiety in young adult women, we had female university students complete retrospective surveys of adolescent food restriction, eating disorder symptoms (EDEQ), and physical activity, as well as retrospective surveys of worry, behavioral inhibition, childhood adversity, and parental style. Using these variables, we created four adolescent predictor models: 1 (EDEQ; physical activity), 2 (restrictive eating; physical activity), 3 (EDEQ; physical activity; worry; behavioral inhibition; childhood adversity; and parental style), and 4 (restrictive eating; physical activity; worry; behavioral inhibition; childhood adversity; and parental style), which we regressed onto participants’ current generalized anxiety, fear of food, social avoidance, obsessions, compulsions, social physique anxiety, compulsive physical activity, and perceived stress scores. Regressing each predictor model onto these variables revealed that predictor model 1 better predicted and accounted for more variance in all anxiety types compared with predictor model 2. Moreover, predictor model 1 accounted for the most variance in fear of food and social physique anxiety compared with all anxiety types. Finally, predictor models 3 and 4 explained the most additional variance in generalized anxiety and social avoidance compared with all anxiety types. Cumulatively, our data suggest that, while adolescent eating disorder signs and symptoms predict several anxiety types in female university students, the effects of two bouts of ABA during adolescence on anxiety-like behavior in weight restored female rats is limited to specific anxiety-provoking stimuli.</p>

Denne studien handler om fenomenet øvingsstrategier i sang. Hensikten med studien er ut fra en empirisk psykologisk fenomenologi, å utforske hva noen lærere i sang retter sin bevissthet mot når det gjelder øvingsstrategier. Studiens forskningsspørsmål er: ”Hvilke strategier erfares som betydningsfulle for sangøving?” og ”Hvilken rolle anser sangpedagoger å ha i forhold til sine elevers øvingsstrategier?”. Tidligere forskning om øvingsstrategier viser at det finnes stor variasjon i hva øving kan innebære, og at det ikke finnes én strategi som fungerer, men en variasjon av flere gir best resultat. Oppgaven har sitt teoretiske utgangspunkt i Empirisk Fenomenologisk Psykologi, der forskeren er ute etter respondentenes subjektive opplevelser og erfaringer i forhold til studiens tema. Undersøkelsen har blitt gjennomført med halvstrukturerte kvalitative intervjuer av etablerte og nyutdannede sanglærere fra både Norge og Sverige. Resultatet er delt inn i meningsmønstre, og de tre store psykologiske temaene selvstendighet, struktur og bevissthet rammer inn respondentenes uttalelser. Respondentene mener ut fra subjektive erfaringer at gode øvingsstrategier bygger på sangerens selvstendighet (jeg velger å øve), struktur (hvordan øvingen ser ut) og bevissthet (jeg gjør det jeg har planlagt å gjøre). I diskusjonen viser det seg at respondentenes uttalelser bekrefter mye av resultatene i den tidligere forskningen som presenteres i bakgrunnskapittelet. / This study is about practice strategies in singing. The purpose of this study is, from a empiric phenomenologic psychology, to investigate what some singing teachers direct their awareness toward when it comes to practice strategies in singing. The studys research questions are: ”Witch strategies are experienced as meaningful in singing practicing?” and ”What role consider singing teachers they have in relation to their students practice strategies?”. Prior research in practice strategies shows a great variation in what practice involves, and there is not only one functioning strategy, but a variation of several strategies provides the best outcome. The study has its theoretical basis in empiric phenomenologic psychology, where the researcher search for the respondents subejctive experiences to the subject of the study. The survey has been conducted with semi structured qualitative interviews of established and newly educated singing teachers from Norway and Sweden. The result is divided into meaning patterns, and the three psychological topics independence, structure and awareness frames the respondents statements. The respondents thinks from subjective experiences that good practice strategies are built on the singers independence (i choose to practice), structure (how the practice situation looks like) and awareness (I do what I planned to do). In the discussion it appears that the respondents statements confirms much of the result from the prior research presented in the background chapter.

Thesis (M Sport Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Stress and recovery plays an important role in the performance of semi-professional rugby players. Physiological and psychological markers have been established as reliable indicators of the recovery-stress state in athletes. Monitoring changes in the recovery-stress state enables the coaching staff to adapt training sessions to enhance performance. The aim of this study was to monitor changes in stress and recovery states among U-20 rugby union players during a training year. Relationships regarding monitoring variables and differences in stress and recovery between playing positions were examined. 55 Players between the ages of 18 and 20 were monitored for 27 weeks, over a training year. The training year was divided into 5 training phases: Developing phase (week 1 – 7), Transitional phase (week 8 - 11), Early Competition phase (week 12 - 17), Performance phase (week 18 – 24), and High Performance phase (week 25 - 27). Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) for sessions were reported on a daily basis. The Heart-rate Interval Monitoring System (HIMS) test was run every week. The Stellenbosch Mood Scale (STEMS) and Self-Report questionnaires were completed on a weekly basis, and the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire (RESTQ-76-Sport) was completed once a month. Backline players physically recovered better and faster than the forwards throughout the training year, while the forwards exhibited better psychological coping methods. The backline players had significant higher scores for the Depression (p = 0.03), Anger (p = 0.009), and Confusion (p = 0.01) scales of the STEMS. The Total Mood Disturbance scores were also significantly higher (p = 0.03) for the backline players than the forwards during the Performance phase. The backline players experienced increased stress and decreased feelings of well-being during the competitive phases when compared to the forwards. The backline players had better physical recovery than the forwards after the high intensity and high volume Developing phase. Correlations were evident between the HIMS test and the RESTQ-76-Sport questionnaire. Additional correlations were found between training load, as well as training monotony and training strain, and scales of the RESTQ-76-Sport and STEMS questionnaires. Lack of psychological skills-training might also have resulted in the players not knowing how to properly handle stressful situations and how to regulate their stress and recovery states. The lack of an educational system regarding recovery strategies, and the reinforcement thereof, especially during the Developing phases might play a role in the later increased fatigue and injury rates among the players. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Stres en herstel speel 'n groot rol in die prestasie van semi-professionele rugby spelers. Fisiologiese en sielkundige merkers is vasgestel as betroubare aanwysers ten opsigte van die stress-herstel toestand van atlete. Die monitoring van veranderinge in hierdie toestand kan die afrigtings-personeel help om die oefensessies aan te pas om optimale prestasie te verseker. Die doel van hierdie navorsingstudie was om veranderinge in stres en herstel toestande in O/20 rugby unie spelers, oor 'n oefenjaar, te moniteer. Verhoudinge in monitering veranderlikes en moontlike verskille in die stress en herstel toestand tussen die voorspelers en agterspelers is ondersoek. 55 Spelers tussen die ouderdomme van 18 en 20 is vir 27 weke, oor 'n oefenjaar, gemonitor. Die oefenjaar was onderverdeel in vyf oefenfases nl. die Ontwikkelingsfase (week 1 – 7), die Oorskakelingsfase (week 8 – 11), die Vroeë Kompetisiefase (week 12 – 17), die Prestasiefase (week 18 – 25), en laastens die Hoë Prestasiefase (week 25 – 27). Spelers het daagliks hul “Rate of Perceived Exertion‟s” aangedui vir elke oefensessie. Die “Heart-rate Interval System” toets (HIMS) was een keer 'n week gehardloop. Die “Stellenbosch Mood States” (STEMS) en Selfrapporteringsvraelyste was op 'n weeklikse basis ingevul en die “Recovery-Stress Questionnaire-Sport” (RESTQ-76-Sport) was een keer 'n maand ingevul. Agterspelers het deur die jaar fisies beter en vinniger as die voorspeler herstel, terwyl die voorspelers beter sielkundige beheer getoon het. Die agterlyn se tellings vir die Depressie (p = 0.03), Woede (p = 0.009), en Vervanging (p = 0.01) skale van die STEMS was betekenisvol hoër as die telling van die voorspelers. Die Totale Gemoedsversteuringstellings was ook betekenisvol hoër vir die agterlyn as die voorspelers tydens die Prestasiefase (p = 0.03). Die agterspelers het toenemende stres tydens die kompetitisie fases ervaar, sowel as 'n afname in die gevoel van Welsyn. Die agterlyn het beter fisiese herstel na die hoë intensiteit en hoë volume Ontwikkelingsfase as die voorspelers getoon. Korrelasies is gevind tussen die HIMS en die RESTQ-76-Sport. Verdere korrelasies is ook tussen “training load”, sowel as “training monotony” en “training strain”, en sekere skale van die RESTQ-76-Sport en STEMS vraelyste gevind. Die tekort aan sielkundige tegniek-ontwikkeling kon bydrae tot die spelers se verwardheid rondom die hantering van stresvolle situasies en hoe om hul stres en herstel toestande te reguleer. Die afwesigheid van „n opvoedkundige sisteem rondom herstel strategieë, en die toepassing daarvan, veral tydens die Ontwikkelingsfases, mag moontlik 'n rol speel in latere toenames in vermoeienis en getal beserings onder die spelers.

published_or_final_version / Social Work and Social Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que teve como objetivos explicitar as representações de familiares de indivíduos portadores de transtornos alimentares acerca da anorexia e bulimia nervosas e analisá-las na perspectiva das ações e de cuidado que desenvolvem no convívio cotidiano com seus familiares doentes. Teve como cenário o Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, que é centro de referência no atendimento de pacientes com transtornos alimentares. A coleta de dados foi realizada com os familiares, mediante entrevista semi-estruturada, gravada e transcrita literalmente. Os princípios éticos de participação voluntária, esclarecida e consentida foram respeitados. A teoria das representações sociais foi utilizada como referencial teórico e os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os depoimentos permitiram o conhecimento das representações que orientam as ações dos familiares na convivência com o familiar portador de transtorno alimentar. Nos depoimentos, a representação desse adoecer psíquico, ancorada principalmente nas perspectivas psicológica e social, é caracterizada por singularidades que mostram uma fragilidade psíquica, a qual, tanto favorece o aparecimento do transtorno, como se estrutura no curso do mesmo. Tal fragilidade tornaria as adolescentes vulneráveis aos processos de massificação e importação de modelos culturais hegemônicos decorrentes da globalização - o culto à beleza. Vivenciando a exclusão social, pontuada pela erosão nos relacionamentos e isolamento afetivo, esses familiares apontam uma vivência sofrida que lhes impõe carga objetiva e subjetiva, que se traduz numa tarefa difícil e desgastante que é o cuidado possível. / This is a qualitative study, aiming to show the representations of eating disorders patients\' relatives, regarding anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, as long as to analyze these representations on the context of the daily actions and quotidian taking care of their sick relatives. The research has been developed at the Psychiatric Institute of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, which is the center of reference to the assistance of eating disorders patients. The data collection has been made within the relatives, submitted to semi-structured interviews, recorded and literally transcribed. The ethics principles of voluntary, cleared and consented participation have been respected. The social representation theory have been used as a theoretic referential and the data have been submitted to the content analysis. The declarations made possible the knowledge of the representations which guides the family relatives\' actions living with the person who suffer from eating disorder. In the declarations, the representation of the psycho becoming sick process, mostly based on the psychological and social perspectives, is characterized as singularities that show psycho fragility which makes easier for the eating disorder to appear and which structures it self in the illness length. This fragility would make the female teenagers vulnerable to the massing process and importing of hegemonic cultural models resulted from the globalization - the cult of beauty. Living the social exclusion, marked by the erosion at the relationships and affective isolation, these family relatives mentioned above, indicate a suffering living that impose objective and subjective load, translated in a hard and tiresome task: the possible care.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Beatriz Muzi.pdf: 168182 bytes, checksum: 207fbf96b9c0067eb1251f9f3d259538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28 / This study has as objective to know the viewpoint of two teachers of the Teaching Intrastate Network about of the dimension of their collaboration to the development of the students autonomy. The results of the research reveals that the problem is directly connected to the concept of autonomy of each one of them. The study shows, also, that is fundamental to understand which the senses and meanings of the students autonomy to the teachers. To answer the questions that we exhibit it was chosen by the theoretical methodological reference of the Social Historic Psycology in which Vygotsky is one of the central authors. Like that, it was used the boarding of the qualitative research having like instrument the questionnaire and the interview. The analysis of the dates demonstrated to be of extreme importance to understand the relation between the introduced facets, by the subjects, upon students autonomy and the pedagogical practice. To know the historic and social conditions present in the educational formation of each one of the teachers was fundamental so that the analysis could reveal the singular of the subjects. It was expected that this research can collaborate to the reflexions of the teachers as well as of the school team, about the pedagogical practice so that to possibility arguments to the amplification of the idea upon the action of the teacher in relation to the students autonomy. To conclude, we reaffirm the purpose to collaborate to the reflexions about learnings more significants, and by extension, that can have space to the transformation / Este estudo tem por objetivo conhecer os pontos de vista de duas professoras da Rede Estadual de Ensino sobre a dimensão de sua colaboração para o desenvolvimento da autonomia dos alunos. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam que o problema está diretamente ligado ao conceito de autonomia de cada uma delas. O estudo mostra, também, que é fundamental entender quais os sentidos e significados da autonomia dos alunos para os professores. Para responder às perguntas que nós apresentamos optou-se pelo referencial metodológico e teórico da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica das quais Vygotsky é um dos autores centrais. Assim, utilizou-se a abordagem da pesquisa quantitativa, tendo como instrumento a avaliação e a entrevista. A analise dos dados demonstraram ser de extrema importância entender a relação entre as facetas apresentadas pelos sujeitos sobre a autonomia dos alunos e a prática pedagógica. Conhecer as condições sociais e históricas presentes na formação educacional de cada uma das professoras foi fundamental para que a análise revelasse o singular dos sujeitos. Espera-se que esta pesquisa possa colaborar para as reflexões dos professores bem como da equipe escolar sobre a prática pedagógica a fim de possibilitar argumentos para a ampliação da idéia sobre a atuação do professor em relação à autonomia dos alunos. Para concluir, nós reafirmamos a intenção de colaborar para as reflexões sobre aprendizagens mais significativas e, por extensão, que possa haver espaço para a transformação

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que teve como objetivos explicitar as representações de familiares de indivíduos portadores de transtornos alimentares acerca da anorexia e bulimia nervosas e analisá-las na perspectiva das ações e de cuidado que desenvolvem no convívio cotidiano com seus familiares doentes. Teve como cenário o Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, que é centro de referência no atendimento de pacientes com transtornos alimentares. A coleta de dados foi realizada com os familiares, mediante entrevista semi-estruturada, gravada e transcrita literalmente. Os princípios éticos de participação voluntária, esclarecida e consentida foram respeitados. A teoria das representações sociais foi utilizada como referencial teórico e os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os depoimentos permitiram o conhecimento das representações que orientam as ações dos familiares na convivência com o familiar portador de transtorno alimentar. Nos depoimentos, a representação desse adoecer psíquico, ancorada principalmente nas perspectivas psicológica e social, é caracterizada por singularidades que mostram uma fragilidade psíquica, a qual, tanto favorece o aparecimento do transtorno, como se estrutura no curso do mesmo. Tal fragilidade tornaria as adolescentes vulneráveis aos processos de massificação e importação de modelos culturais hegemônicos decorrentes da globalização - o culto à beleza. Vivenciando a exclusão social, pontuada pela erosão nos relacionamentos e isolamento afetivo, esses familiares apontam uma vivência sofrida que lhes impõe carga objetiva e subjetiva, que se traduz numa tarefa difícil e desgastante que é o cuidado possível. / This is a qualitative study, aiming to show the representations of eating disorders patients\' relatives, regarding anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, as long as to analyze these representations on the context of the daily actions and quotidian taking care of their sick relatives. The research has been developed at the Psychiatric Institute of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, which is the center of reference to the assistance of eating disorders patients. The data collection has been made within the relatives, submitted to semi-structured interviews, recorded and literally transcribed. The ethics principles of voluntary, cleared and consented participation have been respected. The social representation theory have been used as a theoretic referential and the data have been submitted to the content analysis. The declarations made possible the knowledge of the representations which guides the family relatives\' actions living with the person who suffer from eating disorder. In the declarations, the representation of the psycho becoming sick process, mostly based on the psychological and social perspectives, is characterized as singularities that show psycho fragility which makes easier for the eating disorder to appear and which structures it self in the illness length. This fragility would make the female teenagers vulnerable to the massing process and importing of hegemonic cultural models resulted from the globalization - the cult of beauty. Living the social exclusion, marked by the erosion at the relationships and affective isolation, these family relatives mentioned above, indicate a suffering living that impose objective and subjective load, translated in a hard and tiresome task: the possible care.