The predominance of International Higher Education has switched from the USA, Canada, England and Australia, the pioneers of internationalization of higher education, to Europe and other countries. European countries have become the higher study destination for many students from all over the world. Own strategies and policies for internationalization have developed by European countries, building on and seeing beyond the policies stipulated by the European Commission. As a member of European Union, Swedish Government and universities have developed strategies, measures and tools to attract international students. Scholarships and grants, different projects, extended visa, education quality, social security, ranking of institutions etc. play important role behind third country students choosing Sweden for higher studies. However, other features such as education cost, ideological affinity, language aptitude, job availability, easy visa process etc. can influence the choice of students. These features make Sweden attractive as higher education destination to Bangladeshi Students. This study tries to understand the factors behind decision of Bangladeshi students choosing Swedish University for tertiary education. The study also attempts to discuss the experience of Bangladeshi students during their study period in Sweden as well as after finishing study. The theory of “Push and Pull factors” is used as the main theoretical reference to discuss findings of the study. Social insecurity, political instability, education opportunity and quality of home country, personal choice, job opportunity etc. are recognized as major ‘push factors and education quality, world class institution, social security, standard of life, easy application process etc. are recognized as ‘pull factors’ behind the decision of Bangladeshi student choosing Sweden as higher education destination. The Study not only discusses the challenges and experiences of Bangladeshi students including covid-19 situation but also gives implications for future students.  The data was collected by taking interviews from the Bangladeshi students studying at masters’ level in Umea university, Sweden and used qualitative method for analysis.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Sociological Studies Department of Sociology Valeriia Galushkevych 'Czech people' coming from Ukraine, their understanding of national identity Thesis abstract Key words: Czech Republic, integration, migration, national identity, perception, push and pull factors, resettlement, Ukrainian migrants. In this thesis, I analyze various aspects of migration from Ukraine to the Czech Republic under the resettlement program of ethnic Czechs introduced by the Czech government in 2015. This program was initiated upon the request of the Czech society in Ukraine in response to steady economic decline and worsening living conditions in Ukraine. The population of my study is ethnic Czechs living in Ukraine and who moved to the Czech Republic within the resettlement program. I study the determinants of their move, speed of integration in the Czech Republic, progress on the Czech labor market, migrants' satisfaction with life in the destination country, discrimination and their plans for the future. I collect qualitative data from individual interviews mostly conducted in hotel rooms where the migrants temporarily reside. A significant distinguishing feature of this study is that I analyze migrants with Czech roots who moved to the Czech Republic under...

Reactive strength index-modified (RSImod) is a measure of lower body explosiveness calculated by dividing jump height by time to takeoff. RSImod is different between stronger and weaker athletes and between males and females. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in RSImod between males and females while controlling for maximal strength and lower body explosiveness. Forty-three female and fifty-eight male Division-I athletes performed countermovement jumps on a force plate during unloaded (0kg) and loaded (20kg) conditions. We used an ANCOVA to test whether RSImod is different between sexes conditioning on relative maximum strength (PFa) and average RFD 0-200ms (RFD200) measured during the isometric midthigh pull (IMTP). Differences of 0.087 (95% CI: 0.040 - 0.134; p = 0.0005) and 0.075 (95% CI: 0.040 - 0.109, p < 0.0001) were observed for RSImod between sexes in unloaded and loaded conditions, respectively. A male with PFa of 186 (grand mean of the sample) and RFD200 of 6602 N/s (grand mean of the sample) is predicted to have 28% greater RSImod than a female of similar PFa and RFD200. Maximum strength development should be a primary aim of training in female athletes, in addition to other trainable factors, such as stiffness and RFD.

This bachelor thesis examines how a user can experience different color combinations and how those effect a navigation menu on a website. This with regards on the users first impression. Furthermore, were also different contrasts examined. This thesis also investigates how a navigation menu is being perceived on the basis that it is more appealing in its design, but lacks contrast, comparatively to a design that has strong contrast but do not satisfy the user. Moreover, if color combinations and its placement together with the contrast can increase the efficiency in a navigation process. The colors that were tested were blue and red. Three prototypes were designed which had different color and contrast combinations, but the main colors were blue and red. A qualitative method was being used to examine the impact colors and contrasts can have. An unstructured observation was applied to study the user’s behavior and which prototype was most effective. Moreover, was a think-aloud test where the users had to think-aloud. This method generated an understanding about users first impression and how effective the navigation menu was. Lastly, a semi-structured interview was applied to create a greater understanding about colors impact on the users. The results showed that color and contrast have a big influence on a user’s first impression, but also on a navigation menus’ effectiveness. A more appealing menu with low contrast was being preferred over a menu with high contrast but a less appealing design.

A preliminary literature review indicated that not much research has been done on self-initiated expatriation (SIE), particularly in a South African context. The purpose of this study is twofold: Firstly, by reviewing previous research, this study aims to make a valuable contribution to the literature on SIE, particularly regarding the motivations behind SIE. Secondly, this study aims to explore and develop a deeper understanding of the push and pull factors experienced by South African self-initiated expatriates (SASIEs). An empirical, exploratory qualitative approach, through the utilisation of qualitative field research, was employed as a means of inquiry. Furthermore, interpretivism was used as a research paradigm. Purposive sampling was applied, and the sample used consisted of nine individual South African self-initiated expatriates who had been working in their host countries for a minimum of six months. Data were obtained through in-depth semi-structured interviews. By implication only a few research questions were generated to guide the interview; however, participants were not limited to certain responses. This allowed for rich data to be obtained that were systematically analysed using grounded theory analysis to steer the process in a practical manner through the transcription of data and the rigorous extraction of codes towards the results that could best answer the original set of research questions. Criteria for rigour, authenticity, trustworthiness and credibility were applied and demonstrated throughout. The conceptual framework of the study was kept in mind during the research, the themes that emerged were explored, and the findings that were reached were substantiated through an extensive literature review. The conclusion was reached that South African self-initiated expatriates experienced certain push factors from the home country (South Africa), and that there were equally strong or stronger pull factors to the host country. All these factors contributed to the participants’ decision to expatriate. Interestingly, there seemed to be no real push factors from the host country; these were rather perceived as challenges that had to be endured. Furthermore it seemed that, as far as the sample group in this study were concerned, South Africa did not offer strong pull factors, and that, if the participants were to repatriate to South Africa, it would be for sentimental reasons. This could hold some implications for South African organisations especially in terms of retaining skilled labour or attract the skilled labour who has already expatriated. Recommendations and opportunities regarding future research were also mentioned. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

The agreement on Swedish Pomerania between Sweden and Prussia from 1815 contains an article that is central for this essay. It states that the inhabitants of Swedish Pomerania and the Pomeranian in Sweden were given six years to decide in which of the kingdoms they wanted to be citizens after Sweden had left Pomerania. Since this possibility was raised in an international treaty, one can assume that both signatories supposed it was a matter that would affect a certain number of individuals within Swedish Pomerania. I am examining to which extent this possibility was used, by whom and why. All in all, I have been able to show that there was a clear perception among the authorities of both sides that a certain number of inhabitants probably would want to leave Pomerania in connection with the transition to Prussia. I have also shown that people actually moved from Pomerania to Sweden during the years 1815 to 1821, although this was never the question of a major wave of emigration. Those who moved proved to have different motives and that these motives varied depending on background, occupation etc. The same applies to those who stayed.

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Studien syftar till att skapa en bild av och bidra med kunskap om hur överlämningar kan se ut för elever med problematisk skolfrånvaro från årskurs 9 till gymnasiet i två sydsvenska kommuner. Studien ämnar även belysa huruvida sakägande yrkesprofession i respektive skolstadium uppfattar övergångsprocessen som hindrande och/eller främjande. Studiens frågeställningar är; • Hur beskriver berörd skolpersonal att överlämningarna mellan grundskolan och gymnasiet för elever med problematisk skolfrånvaro går till? • Vad anser personalen vara hindrande respektive främjande i denna övergångsprocess? I studien behandlas frågeställningarna utifrån Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska systemteori, samt push-, pull- och fall out processer som riskfaktorer för elever i problematik skolfrånvaro. Genom Bronfenbrenners teori analyseras övergångshandlingarnas funktion i ett större system. Studiens avgränsning utgörs av ett personalperspektiv, d.v.s. att studien efterfrågar berörda yrkesprofessioners uppfattningar och erfarenheter i frågan. Valet av kommuner grundar sig i att den mindre kommunen skickar gymnasieelever till den större kommunen och att där finns ett naturligt utbyte av övergångshandlingar sinsemellan. Datainsamlingen för denna studie utgår ifrån totalt fem intervjuer med yrkesprofessioner inom elevhälsan som skickar eller mottar övergångshandlingar. På grundskolan har två studie- och yrkesvägledare, två socialpedagoger och en specialpedagog intervjuats. En av dessa intervjuer var en gruppintervju. På gymnasiet har två specialpedagoger intervjuats. Materialet från intervjuerna har analyserats utifrån en fenomenografisk dataanalysmodell, vilket innefattar en stegvis bearbetning av material utifrån kategorierna utformning, innehåll, process, deltagande parter, hinder och framgångar. Resultatet visar att överlämningarnas utformning oftast utgörs av standardiserade dokument, till stor del bestående av krysslistor. Detta ansåg både högstadier och gymnasier vara otillräckligt. Muntliga samtal bedömdes mer effektivt för att rätt informationen ska förmedlas. Information som kan härledas till processer för problematisk skolfrånvaro övervägdes av insatser gentemot Push-out processer i form av redogörelser för extra anpassningar. Gymnasieskolor upplevde att de har svårare att möta elevers behov av anpassad undervisning för elever med problematisk skolfrånvaro jämfört med högstadieskolorna. Både högstadieskolor och gymnasieskolor upplevde att större vikt bör läggas vid individuella framgångsfaktorer och konkreta tips i samband med överlämningarna. Innehåll rörande elevens historik av problematisk skolfrånvaro upplevdes sparsam. Det framkom ett behov av att utöka den sociala delen av informationsinnehållet i överlämningarna samt mer preciserad information rörande elevens frånvaroproblematik för att gynna eleven i övergångsprocessen. De specialpedagogiska implikationerna i studien relaterar till elevhälsans involvering i övergångshandlingar. Där har specialpedagogen en särskild roll som ansvarig för pedagogiska insatser, vilket framkom i intervjuerna. Den specialpedagogiska behållningen av studiens resultat utgörs vidare av vikten att övergångshandlingarnas innehåll matchar elevens situation och har ett framgångsfokus, vilket mottagande elevhälsa kan bygga vidare på.

I syfte att bereda ett förlängt arbetsliv, har Sverige i flera steg höjt den nedre åldern för uttag av ålderspension. Höjningen är politikernas svar på den åldrande befolkningen, samtidigt som den nationella pensionsåldern fortsätter gäller för alla yrkesgrupper. Eftersom yrkesgrupperna skiljer sig åt avseende arbetsbörda, varierar förutsättningarna till att hantera en höjd pensionsålder. Bland yrkesgrupper med hög fysisk arbetsbelastning har en del svårt att arbeta till dagens pensionsålder vilket ger dem sämre förutsättningar till höjd pensionsålder. Byggnadsarbetare är en sådan yrkesgrupp, dock är forskningen kring byggnadsarbetare och ett förlängt arbetsliv bristande. För att bidra till forskningsområdet ämnar föreliggande studie att undersöka synen på höjd pensionsålder och ett förlängt arbetsliv inom byggnadsbranschen samt undersöka branschens arbete kring ett förlängt arbetsliv, med frågeställningarna Hur ser byggnadsarbetare inom byggnadsindustrin på pensionsålder och på ett förlängt arbetsliv? samt Hur arbetar arbetsgivare inom byggnadsindustrin för att möjliggöra ett förlängt arbetsliv åt äldre byggnadsarbetare? Undersökningen utfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra byggnadsarbetare och två arbetschefer. Det teoretiska ramverket består av push-pull-teorin som belyser anledningar till varför byggnadsarbetare slutar arbeta. Resultatet visar att byggnadsarbetare anser ett förlängt arbetsliv vara ohållbart under rådande omständigheter. De anser att en hållbar höjning av pensionsåldern kräver ett förbättringsarbete avseende arbetsmiljön, vilket innebär minskad stress, flexibla arbetsförhållanden och mer hjälpmedel. Medan arbetschefer uppger att höjd pensionsålder kan vara problematiskt för byggnadsarbetare men att det är nödvändigt. De är nöjda med det arbete som utförs för ett förlängt arbetsliv och påstår att ett förlängt arbetsliv som inte går att bereda tenderar att bero på faktorer som arbetschefen inte kan påverka, likt marknad, ekonomi och företagets kapacitet.