Railway and nobility - at first glance the opposite sides of one coin. The aristocracy was considered conservative part of society, as a symbol of "the old times". Railway presented the other side of the coin: ?the new age? and economical progress. What was the same on these two symbols? Why nobility supported the build of railroads through their domain? How was the role of Nobles in the construction of railroads? The point of view of this publication is at the history of railways in terms of Nobles as the businessmen. Shows an example of primogeniture Schwarzenberg, how aristocrats engage themselves in the construction of railways, railway companies in the management and support local projects. You can find here examples of the nobility built industrial railroad for their business. The work shows that the nobility to maintain its economic power after the abolition of feudalism had to adopt modern capitalism and the development of rail transport.

The thesis is focused on the rail transport in terms of tourism. The aim was to highlight the importance of railway transport in tourism, the comparison of railway operators in the Czech Republic and project proposal preparation of the of the tourism product. The importance of rail traffic is capture with respect to all the touristic, occasional, nostalgic or charter trains and regular trains transport. The comparison of railway operators is access not only from the perspective of individual operators, their services and train equipment, but also from the perspective of the traveler and their satisfaction with the services offered. Based on the findings of the situational analysis and carried out field research are design proposals measures and the tourism product compiled.

This diploma thesis called The Railway Station - Czech Post-war Painting Focused on Urban Landscape is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with czech post - war painting. Post war painting reacts on the development of the cities after the industrial revolution and the change of the stands. The new situation is reflected by the artists originally. The theoretical part is focused on Group 42 and its members mainly. The artists and their pieces of work show the problems of the progress. Both parts put the emphasis on the phenomenon of the railway station. The railway station is connected with the development of the cities and it serves for the transport of people and goods. There is the problem of the reality, abstract and concrete imaging in this thesis. The practical part contains photos, rough drawings and one painting. The railway station is depicted in the painting. The problem of reality and abstract and concrete imaging are expressed in the painting.

Submitted by JOSÉ CARLOS RAULINO LOPES (raulino@ifpi.edu.br) on 2016-02-29T18:32:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese formatada e revisada para impressão - Raulino.pdf: 5371264 bytes, checksum: 23c7c81dd61e8a9ec263a44297c94c08 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-02-29T19:28:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_jcr_dr_rcla.pdf: 5425047 bytes, checksum: 42ac4af121a84820fbf5ebd3d65cd41c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-29T19:28:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_jcr_dr_rcla.pdf: 5425047 bytes, checksum: 42ac4af121a84820fbf5ebd3d65cd41c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-04 / Tem-se, no processo de territorialização, desterritorialização e reterritorialização, o caminho escolhido para compreender um pouco da configuração espacial construída no nordeste do Brasil e a constituição da sua malha ferroviária. Em 1997, a malha ferroviária do nordeste foi concedida à Companhia Ferroviária do Nordeste (CFN), hoje Transnordestina Logística S.A. (TLSA), por meio do Programa Nacional de Desestatização (PND). Portanto, investigar a influência do transporte ferroviário no nordeste, enfatizando-se seu histórico, avaliando-se o processo de desestatização ocorrido em 1997 e suas perspectivas, assim como os resultados desta nova gestão, pós-desestatização (sob a iniciativa do capital privado), e as expectativas de desenvolvimento do sudoeste do estado do Piauí. Ressalta-se que, antes do recente e exponencial crescimento do agronegócio nos cerrados nordestinos, sobretudo no sudoeste do estado do Piauí, a região era apontada como sinônimo de pobreza, com baixos índices de produtividade agrícola, além de falência dos municípios. Para agravar, os poderes públicos se mostravam desarticulados ou descomprometidos com as novas demandas, gerando forte migração para as capitais, potencializando estes problemas. Hoje, porém, o cenário vem se transformando, sobretudo após o início da construção da estrada de ferro denominada Nova Transnordestina, que tem gerado grande expectativa, sendo apontada como vetor de desenvolvimento socioeconômico do sudoeste do estado do Piauí. Tal região vem sendo indicada como a última fronteira agrícola do país, situada em uma área maior, denominada MATOPIBA, a qual é formada por parte dos estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia, referência em agroindústria, sobretudo da soja. / It has been in the process of territorialization, deterritorialization and repossession, the path chosen to understand some of the spatial configuration built in northeastern Brazil and the establishment of its rail network. In 1997, the railway network of the northeast was awarded to Northeast Railway Company - CFN today Transnordestina S.A. Logistics - TLSA, through the National Privatization Program - PND. Therefore, to investigate the influence of the railway in the northeast, emphasizing its history, evaluating the privatization process occurred in 1997 and its prospects, as well as the results of this new management, post privatization (under the initiative of private capital) and southwest of the development expectations of Piaui state. It is noteworthy that before the recent exponential growth of agribusiness in the northeastern savannahs, particularly in the southwestern state of Piaui, the region was identified as synonymous with poverty, low levels of agricultural productivity, as well as failure of municipalities. Compounding the government is showing inarticulate or unengaged with the new demands, generating strong migration to the capital, increasing these problems. Today however, the scenario is changing, especially after the start of construction of the railway called New Transnordestina, which has raised great expectations, being singled out as a vector of socio-economic development of the southwestern state of Piaui, pointed region as the last agricultural frontier of the country, which is situated in a larger area called MATOPIBA, formed by the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia, a reference in agribusiness, especially soy.

Submitted by EWERTON HENRIQUE DE MORAES null (ewertonhenrique_adm@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-03T20:28:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 (2016_03_03) Dissertação_Correções_Final.pdf: 9815628 bytes, checksum: 6668dab03322116c97eb5b7d716347dc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-04T17:02:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_eh_me_bauru.pdf: 9815628 bytes, checksum: 6668dab03322116c97eb5b7d716347dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T17:02:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_eh_me_bauru.pdf: 9815628 bytes, checksum: 6668dab03322116c97eb5b7d716347dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Os tombamentos de bens ferroviários no Estado de São Paulo tiveram início com a abertura do processo de tombamento da Estação Ferroviária de Bananal, no final dos anos de 1960. Entre 1969 e 1984, recorte deste estudo, o Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico (CONDEPHAAT) tombou nove bens de origem ferroviária. Tais proteções, em sua maioria, compreendem apenas o edifício de embarque e desembarque de passageiros. O elevado número de estações reconhecidas no Estado é apontado como uma tendência nostálgica e como um tratamento unitário das partes (RODRIGUES, 1994). Para a autora, não há dúvidas de que são elementos relevantes na composição das memórias, contudo, pouco esclarecedores da importância tecnológica e econômica das ferrovias. A partir dessas considerações, nos interessa saber: quais os argumentos que justificaram as proteções de bens ferroviários no período? Para investigar esse problema, tomaremos como estudo de caso o tombamento do Acervo da Estrada de Ferro Perus-Pirapora. Objetivamos, assim, compreender os argumentos de valoração e os conflitos presentes nesse processo de tombamento. Com isso, visamos contribuir com as reflexões sobre as práticas oficiais de preservação do patrimônio ferroviário no Estado de São Paulo. Dada a ausência de uma política de preservação específica dos bens ferroviários no período, temos a hipótese de que esses bens foram protegidos com base em múltiplas interpretações e valores. / The preservation of railway heritage in the State of São Paulo started at the end of 1960s with the beginning of the process of Bananal Rail Station. Between 1969 and 1984, part of this study, the Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico (CONDEPHAAT), defense council of heritage, recognized nine railway heritages. Most of these protections consists only the departure and arrival buildings for passengers. The high number of recognized stations in the State is pointed as a nostalgic tendency and unitary treatment of the parts (RODRIGUES, 1994). For the authoress, there is no doubt that are relevant elements in memory compositions, however, little illustrative for technologic and economic importance of the railways. From these considerations, is our interest: what argument justified the protections of railway heritages in the period? To act in this problem we will take as study the heritage preservation of Perus Pirapora Railway case. Thereby, we have as goal comprehend the arguments for the valuation and conflicts present in this protection process, for then contribute with reflexions about the official practices in the railway heritage preservation in the State of São Paulo. Given the lack of definition for preservation in the period, we have the hyphotesis that the railway heritages were protected based on multiple interpretations and values. / FAPESP 2014/04139-6

Os acidentes com veículos ferroviários podem ter origem em muitos fatores, mas os principais são relacionados com a dinâmica do veículo e carga, via permanente em péssimas condições e operações inseguras nos trens. Os acidentes causam mortes, danos materiais e ao meio ambiente e prejuízos para as operadoras e seus clientes. Para avaliar a dinâmica dos veículos ferroviários, um sistema multicorpos foi desenvolvido (programa computacional) para representar matematicamente um típico veículo ferroviário com seus principais graus de liberdade. As equações de movimento foram desenvolvidas utilizando a equação de Lagrange de movimento, a qual considera princípios da mecânica como: energia cinética, energia potencial e a dissipação de energia do sistema. As equações acopladas e desacopladas são programadas e resolvidas para acelerações, estas são integradas duas vezes, obtendo-se as velocidades e deslocamentos. A partir das repostas do sistema o comportamento do veículo pode ser avaliado em várias condições de operação. A verificação do programa é realizada através de comparações com resultados de outros programas publicados na literatura, onde se verifica uma adequada correlação. Avaliações nos principais regimes de operação são realizadas de forma a simular condições determinadas pela norma AAR e condições extras originadas por irregularidades aperiódicas da via do tipo cusp e jog. Dois tipos de veículos são simulados para representar as condições típicas das ferrovias brasileiras: veículos operando em bitola métrica e em bitola larga. Os resultados das simulações apresentam valores de amplitude e fase que estão de acordo com resultados expostos nas normas e na literatura ferroviária de referência utilizada neste trabalho. A avaliação dinâmica de veículos ferroviários através de um programa computacional é importante, pois considera as principais características dos veículos e via permanente. A possibilidade de representar o veículo com uma configuração simples em relação a programas comerciais permite uma simulação rápida e confiável para determinar respostas em regimes como: hunting, twist e roll, pitch e bounce e yaw e sway. / The accidents with rail vehicles has origin due to many factors, but the main ones are related to the dynamics of the vehicle and load, the spoiled railway and unsafe operations on the trains. Accidents causing deaths, damage to property and the environment and damage to operators and their customers. In order to evaluate the railway vehicles dynamics, it was developed a multibody system (computer program) to mathematically represent a typical railway vehicle with its main degrees of freedom. The motion equations were developed using Lagrange's equation of motion, which takes into consideration the principles of mechanical, as: kinetic energy, potential energy and energy dissipation of the system. The coupled and uncoupled equations are programmed and solved for accelerations, which are twice integrated, in order to have the speeds and displacements. From the system’s responses, the vehicle behavior can be evaluated in several operating conditions. The comparison of the program is accomplished through confrontations with results from other programs in the literature, in which a good correlation is verified. The evaluations in the main regimes of operation are made in a way simulate the conditions determined by the standard conditions and extra conditions caused by aperiodic irregularities of the track. Two types of vehicles are simulated to represent the typical conditions of Brazilian railways: vehicles operating on meter gauge and large gauge. The simulation results show that amplitude and phase values are consistent with results presented in the standards and in the railway literature of reference of this work. The rail vehicles dynamic evaluation through a computer program was important because it considers the main characteristics of vehicles and permanent way. The possibility of representing the vehicle with a simple configuration in relation to commercial softwares allows a fast and reliable simulation to determine responses in regimes as: hunting, twist and roll, pitch and bounce and yaw and sway.

Depuis son apparition au milieu du XIXe siècle, la gare ferroviaire n'a cessé de se métamorphoser et de se complexifier. Ce long processus a conduit à une « labyrinthification » spatiale, temporelle et fonctionnelle de ces grands équipements métropolitains. Ce phénomène pose un problème de lisibilité des espaces et se traduit notamment par la complexification des cheminements et la désorientation des usagers. Depuis quelques années, ces questions deviennent des préoccupations majeures pour les concepteurs et les gestionnaires, qui n'arrivent pas toujours à y répondre de manière efficace. La recherche propose une approche à la fois théorique et méthodologique des questions de « lisibilité » et d' « accessibilité » des espaces de la grande gare contemporaine autour du concept de « wayfinding ». On cherche à identifier les facteurs qui influencent les expériences de passage en gare et génèrent ou accompagnent les situations de désorientation et de confusion en s'appuyant notamment sur l'analyse des commentaires verbaux et des parcours filmés de volontaires à l'intérieur de la gare de la Part-Dieu à Lyon. Les travaux ont permis de mettre en évidence la complexité des facteurs à prendre en compte dans l'analyse de la lisibilité des espaces de la gare et des cheminements piétons : caractéristiques physiques et sensibles des lieux, degré d'efficacité de la signalétique, caractéristiques individuelles voyageur, compétences cognitives et perceptives, profil émotionnel, habilités spatiales et personnalité. Ils permettent d'imaginer une nouvelle approche de la conception des grandes gares contemporaines. / Since its appearance in the middle of the XIXe century, the railway station has continued to transform and become more complex. This long process drove to a spatial, temporal and functional "labyrinthification" of these big metropolitan facilities. This phenomenon poses a problem of legibility of the spaces and results notably in the complexity of the paths and disorientation of users. Since some years, these questions become major preoccupations for designers and managers, who are not always able to respond efficiently. Research proposes a theoretical and methodological approach around the concept of" wayfinding, to the questions of "legibility" and "accessibility" of the spaces in the big contemporary station. It seeks to identify the factors that influence the experiences of station passage and generate or accompany situations of disorientation and confusion, relying in particular on the analysis of subject's volunteer's verbal reports and filmed courses inside the station Part-Dieu in Lyon. The work has highlighted the complexity of factors to be taken into account in the analysis of the legibility of the space station and pedestrian paths: physical and sensitive characteristics of places, effectiveness of signage, individual characteristics, cognitive and perceptual skills, emotional profile, spatial abilities and personality. They allow us to imagine a new approach to the design of large of large contemporary stations.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-04-25T12:34:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 4349364 bytes, checksum: 9b939db3d884b7753a38ff0fdc4a8ab7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T12:34:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 4349364 bytes, checksum: 9b939db3d884b7753a38ff0fdc4a8ab7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / closely related to the operational complexity of the market requirements. In this scenario, measure and control the logistic costs represent a source for competitive advantage and cost reductions. The company studied in this work is part of the passenger transport sector and, although it is subsidized, it still requires operational and financial improvements to ensure its operational sustainability. To this end, it was decided to measure the costs based on the logistics perspective. In this way, a literature review was performed to identify the main factors that imply in logistic costs. The methods RKW and ABC were used to compute these costs, generating data coherent to the main objective, and tailoring its steps according to the company characteristics. Finally, it was verified that the logistic costs in the studied company represents 36,5% of total costs. Although the literature points out that logistic costs usually represent 10% of total costs, the obtained value is compatible, once the company is a service provider, and large portion of (labor) costs are related to the implementation of logistic activities. Conceptually, the methods applied were compatible with the primary objective of the study, allowing the identification and measurement of the logistic costs. The achievement of this objective simplify the activity of cost control, allowing better targeting the actions to reduce them. / A logística tem assumido uma posição de destaque no mercado. Essa importância está intimamente ligada à complexidade das operações frente aos requisitos de mercado. Diante deste cenário, mensurar e acompanhar os custos de natureza logística tem se mostrado fonte de vantagem competitiva e de redução de custos. A empresa estudada neste trabalho está inserida no setor de transporte de passageiros e embora seja subsidiada vem apresentando necessidades de melhorias operacionais e financeiras, no intuito de garantir a sustentabilidade das operações. Por este motivo definiu-se como objetivo mensurar os custos sob a perspectiva dos custos logísticos, no intuito de identificá-los. Para tanto, efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica para rastrear os fatores geradores dos custos logísticos. Para o cálculo deste tipo de custo, utilizou-se a união de dois métodos de custeio, RKW e ABC, para promover a obtenção de dados coerente ao objetivo principal, adequando as etapas de sua implementação às características da empresa. Ao final, verificou-se que o custo logístico da companhia representou 36,5% dos custos totais. Embora a literatura indique que os custos logísticos normalmente representem 10% dos custos totais, o valor se mostrou compatível uma vez que a CBTU/JP é uma prestadora de serviço e a grande parcela de custos da empresa (custos de mão de obra) estão relacionados à execução das atividades logísticas. Em termos conceituais verificou-se compatibilidade dos métodos utilizados com o objetivo principal do trabalho, de mensurar os custos logísticos permitindo sua identificação. O atendimento deste objetivo facilita a atividade de controle dos custos e permite um melhor direcionamento das ações para sua redução.

Submitted by Fernanda Cavallari null (fee.cavallari@gmail.com) on 2017-05-18T02:01:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 cavallari_f_me_rcla.pdf: 4868463 bytes, checksum: f8aa337d6db1b37fa37f09ef94076c5f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-19T12:47:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cavallari_f_me_rcla.pdf: 4868463 bytes, checksum: f8aa337d6db1b37fa37f09ef94076c5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T12:47:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cavallari_f_me_rcla.pdf: 4868463 bytes, checksum: f8aa337d6db1b37fa37f09ef94076c5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-27 / O diagnóstico de áreas contaminadas é um procedimento obrigatório ao tratamento e remediação de solo e águas subterrâneas. Contaminantes complexos como hidrocarbonetos passam por transformações físicas e químicas ao longo do tempo de permanência no ambiente geológico, com alterações no grau de dissolução no sistema aquífero. Este trabalho descreve a aplicação de métodos geofísicos integrados com um histórico de dados químicos, numa área contaminada por hidrocarbonetos vazados num acidente ferroviário, em 2005, na zona rural do município de Botucatu (SP). Foram utilizados os métodos geofísicos Eletrorresistividade e Polarização Induzida, por meio de 5 linhas paralelas de tomografia elétrica em arranjo Schlumberger, programadas e posicionadas a partir da interpretação de um histórico de análises geoquímicas do solo e água subterrânea. Os dados de tomografia elétrica permitiram a geração de modelos de inversão 2D e modelos de visualização 3D. De forma geral, o histórico de análises geoquímicas, última atualização em 2007, indica claramente a redução de teores de contaminantes em solo e no aquífero. A análise integrada de dados indica o avançado estado de degradação dos hidrocarbonetos, reconhecido por elevados valores de alta cargabilidade em relação ao padrão natural da área, concomitantemente a zonas de média resistividade. As áreas contaminadas e monitoradas por análise químicas foram caracterizadas por alta cargabilidade e média resistividade, com indícios de neoformação pretérita de sulfetos e condições próximas as do ambiente geológico natural, ou seja, indícios de processo avançado de atenuação natural e quase desaparecimento dos contaminantes. / The diagnosis of contaminated areas is a mandatory procedure to treatment and remediation of soil and groundwater. Complex contaminants like hydrocarbons undergo physical and chemical changes along the dwell time in the geological environment, with changes in dissolution and spread in unsaturated and saturated soil aquifer system. This research describes the application of geophysical methods integrated with a history of chemical data in a contaminated area by leaked hydrocarborn in a railway accident, in 2005, at rural area in Botucatu (SP). The geophysical methods Electrical Resistivity and Induced Polarization were used by 5 parallel lines of electrical resistivity tomography in Schlumberger array, programmed and adjusted from a history of chemical analysis of groundwater. The electrical tomography data allowed the generation of 2D inversion models and visualization of 3D models. In general, the history of geochemical analysis, last updated in 2007, clearly indicates a reduction of contaminant levels in soil and in the aquifer. The data integrated analysis indicated the advanced state of degradation of hydrocarbons, recognized by high values of high chargeability in relation to the natural pattern of the area, concomitantly to areas of medium resistivity. The areas contaminated and monitored by chemical analysis were characterized by high chargeability and medium resistivity, with indications of past formation of sulfides and conditions close to the natural geological environment, that is, indications of advanced process of natural attenuation and near disappearance of the contaminants.

The biodiversity of vascular plants and invertebrates (beetles) was studied on the strips by the railway track during two years in South Bohemia. The phytocenological mapping and pitfall trapping was used for the studying of model groups. The biodiversity of both studied groups was relatively high with different ecological characteristic of its communities. The both hygrophilous and xerophilous species occur in locality. The ubiquitous eurytopic species of beetles prevail in communities, but the rare specific species were found also. The number of specimen of both invasive and rare plant species was low. The railway track play the important role of biocentrum more for invertebrates than plants.