En la nueva era de tecnologías de la información, los sistemas tienden a ser cada vez más dinámicos, compuestos por entidades heterogéneas capaces de entrar y salir del sistema, interaccionar entre ellas, y adaptarse a las necesidades del entorno. Los sistemas multiagente han contribuído en los ultimos años, a modelar, diseñar e implementar sistemas autónomos con capacidad de interacción y comunicación. Estos sistemas se han modelado principalmente, a través de sociedades de agentes, las cuales facilitan la interación, organización y cooperación de agentes heterogéneos para conseguir diferentes objetivos. Para que estos paradigmas puedan ser utilizados para el desarrollo de nuevas generaciones de sistemas, características como dinamicidad y capacidad de reorganización deben estar incorporadas en el modelado, gestión y ejecución de estas sociedades de agentes. Concretamente, la reorganización en sociedades de agentes ofrece un paradigma para diseñar aplicaciones abiertas, dinámicas y adaptativas. Este proceso requiere determinar las consecuencias de cambiar el sistema, no sólo en términos de los beneficios conseguidos sinó además, midiendo los costes de adaptación así como el impacto que estos cambios tienen en todos los componentes del sistema. Las propuestas actuales de reorganización, básicamente abordan este proceso como respuestas de la sociedad cuando ocurre un cambio, o bien como un mecanismo para mejorar la utilidad del sistema. Sin embargo, no se pueden definir procesos complejos de decisión que obtengan la mejor configuración de los componentes organizacionales en cada momento, basándose en una evaluación de los beneficios que se podrían obtener así como de los costes asociados al proceso. Teniendo en cuenta este objetivo, esta tesis explora el área de reorganización en sociedades de agentes y se centra principalmente, en una propuesta novedosa para reorganización. Nuestra propuesta ofrece un soporte de toma de decisiones que considera cambios en múltiples / Alberola Oltra, JM. (2013). Reorganization in Dynamic Agent Societies [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/19243 / Palancia

In this study, entropy in reorganisation is investigated due to the individual co-workers being an ever more important component of his or her contemporary organisation, where change and reorganisation is undertaken continuously. Earlier research regarding entropy in reorganisation have mainly been done from a financial perspective; diversification. Hence there is room for additional research, with the individual in focus, rather than the company portfolio. This study aims at enlighten the entropy prevalent trough lost information in reorganisation. With qualitative method and phenomenological onset, five respondents in different positions from Swedish and global organisations, have been interviewed about their and their co-workers experience of reorganisation. The study shows the discrepancy between, the by the management defined finish­, vs. when the co-workers sense that a reorganisation de factois finished. The study also shows how individual motivation, psychosocial health and work effort can be affected through loss of the three types of information; descriptive, operative and narrative. / I denna studien undersöks entropi i omorganisering mot bakgrund av att den individuella med­arbet­aren utgör en allt viktigare del av sin samtida organisation, där förändring och omorgani­sering sker kontinuerligt. Tidigare forskning kring entropi i omorganisering har främst gjorts ur ett finansiellt perspektiv, s.k. diversifieringsperpektiv. Således finns utrymme för ytterligare forskning med individen i fokus snarare än företagsportföljen. Studien syftar till att belysa den entropi som genom för­lorad informa­tion gör sig påtaglig i samband med omorganisering. Med kvalitativ metod och feno­men­ologisk ansats har fem respondenter, i olika positioner från svenska och globala organisa­tioner, inter­vjuats om sin och sina kollegors upplevelse av omorganisering. Studien påvisar en diskre­pansen mellan det av ledningen definierade färdigställandet respektive när medarbet­arna upplever att en omorganisa­tion de factoär klar. Här påvisas även hur individens motivation, psyko­­sociala hälsa och arbets­insats kan påverkas genom förlust av de identifierade tre typerna av information deskrip­tiv, operativ och narrativ.

Reorganization under insolvency law Abstract The goal of this diploma thesis "Reorganization under insolvency law" is to provide coherent description of the most important legal institutes of reorganization, which is non-liquidation form of solution of bankruptcy and analysis of these institutes. Reorganization is regulated by the Act. No. 182/2006 Coll, on insolvency and modes of its solutions. The thesis is divided into two parts that are further divided into chapters and subchapters. The first part describes institutes of insolvency proceedings that are common to all forms of solution of bankruptcy with focus on reorganization. This part is divided into five chapters that describe initiation of insolvency proceedings, bankruptcy, content and essentials of motion on insolvency, effects of initiating insolvency proceedings and consideration of motion on insolvency and court decision about it. The second part contains analysis of the reorganization from its start to its end. This part is divided into eight chapters which explain institutes of reorganization in detail. First and second chapter provide a definition of the reorganization and admissibility of reorganization as defined by law. Third and fourth chapter describe motion on permission of reorganization and the method of its approving by creditors...

The Division of Family Services in the State of Utah has undergone an organizational change. State aid to needy families is now administered on a regional level, rather than a county level. It was hypothesized that this reorganization would have little affect on the client's attitude toward state services. They would be aware of the change but would be neutral in attitude about the change. Survey research was used to obtain data for this study. A change scale was developed and a score computed. After reviewing the data the hypothesis was rejected. Clients did have a positive view about regionalization or organizational change.

Reorganization Abstract The subject of this thesis is reorganization as one of conceivable means of resolving insolvency or imminent insolvency within the territory of the Czech Republic. The objective of the thesis is primarily to put this legal institute into the context of the Czech insolvency law and to provide its reader with an insight not only into the legal regulation encompassed in the Insolvency Act but also into all the topical issues that are currently surrounding reorganization. The first chapter acquaints the reader with the development of the Czech insolvency law, in particular with the process of adopting the Insolvency Act and the pivotal conceptual changes it introduced. Furthermore, the chapter revolves around external influences from abroad that have served the legislator as sources of inspiration and as a consequence of which have to a certain degree shaped the Czech insolvency law into its current form. Last but not least, this chapter deals with the legislation of the European Union which primarily governs insolvency proceedings that entail a cross-border element. The second chapter, which forms the main part of the thesis, provides a complex and thorough description of the regulation on reorganization which is contained in the Insolvency Act. At the same time, it provides a critical...

Organizations are living in a world today where reorganization is a prerequisite for their survival and adaption to the changes demand in the society. During this process, employees’ learning in the workplace is critical for the progress of both employees and organizations, thus organizations are required to create the proper learning opportunities that promote employees’ learning which is not as easy to implement as planning. The aim of this study is to contribute the knowledge increase about the insurance agents’ learning conditions in connection with the reorganization that caused the new tasks for the insurance agents in The Swedish Social Insurance Agency. Based on the purpose of this study, there are two questions which needs to be asked:1) What activities do managers employ to promote the insurance agents’ learning and what are the challenges that the managers may face during this process?, 2) What can promote and limit the insurance agents' learning? A qualitative case study was performed based on 12 semi-structured interviews with the managers, insurance specialists and insurance agents at Swedish Social Insurance Agency. The collected data has been analyzed through a thematic analysis base on the theoretical framework; adaptive- and developmental learning, performance-oriented and development-oriented leadership, which is built on productive- and developmental logic. The result of the study shows that managers apply activities such as planned and partially planned activities as well as spontaneous activities to promote insurance agents' learning. Depending on the perspective, the insurance agents’ learning is promoted or limited in different situations. This study demonstrates the following learning conditions for the insurance agents’ learning; 1) design of work tasks; 2) management’s support; 3) specify goals and plans; 4) supporting documents; 5) enough time and space to learn; 6) training and internal collaboration; and 7) insurance agents’ competence andcommitments. The conclusion shows that both an adaptive- and a developmental learning exists and there is a dominance of the logic of development and production. A further conclusion is that the implementation of reorganization creates an opportunity for developmental learning with focus on the development logic. Thus, the reorganization promotes the insurance agent’s developmental although the organization shows interest towards adaptive learning with the focus on the logic of production. The summary of this study shows that there is a need of balance between the both logics of leaning (development and production) along with maintaining the balance between the adaptive- and development learning in order to promote the insurance agents’ learning.

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The self-assembly blends of cellulose propionate (CP) and fluorine (F)-containing cellulose derivatives was examined on a model system of solvent cast films. The F-containing derivatives were either high molecular weight statistical cellulose esters with a number of F-containing substituent evenly distributed along the backbone (F-esters), or F-terminated CP-segments with exactly one F-containing endgroup. The F-esters were synthesized in a homogeneous phase and identified by 19F-NMR. Thermal analysis showed improved thermal stability of the F-esters when compared to F-free derivatives. 1-monohydroxy functionalized CP-segments were synthesized by HBr depolymerization using either a commercially available CP with residual OH-groups or a perpropionylated CP (CTP). The hydrolysis using the commercial CP yielded only segments of a minimum DP of 50 and the Mark-Houwink constant declined from 1 to 0.6. The results indicate that in the presence of free hydroxyls branches are formed by transglycosidation. The hydrolysis from perpropionylated CP resulted in segments with a minimum DP of 7, which is in accordance to previous studies. F-terminated CP segments were synthesized by coupling of the appropriate F-containing alcohol to the CP segment via toluene diisocyanate. Solutions containing F-terminated CP-segments showed typical critical micelle behavior. The critical micelle concentration depended on the molecular weight of the CP segment and the type of F-containing endgroup. The micelles are thought to consist of a core of the F-endgroups and a corona made-up of CP. Films containing the oligomers cast from micellar solution revealed a linear decrease in wetting force according to the blend composition of the oligomer, i.e. behavior according to the rule of mixing. This indicated the absence of surface segregation of the F-endgroup and it is explained with the fact that the micellar structure is retained in the solid state, suppressing surface segregation. The solid state micelles were visualized as dome-like protrusions by height image atomic force microscopy. In systems blended with CP the distance between the protrusions was found to increase with increasing CP content which was explained by a dilution process. Films containing F-esters were characterized by wetting force measurements and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The wetting force decreased dramatically at low blend content of the F-ester and at the same time an F surface-concentration higher then expected from the blend composition was found by XPS. This indicated self-assembly by surface segregation of the F-containing species during film formation. The extent of surface segregation was found to depend on the type of the F-ester group as well as on the blend concentration of the F-ester. Dynamic wetting force measurements revealed hysteresis in films containing either F-esters or F-terminated CP segments. The hysteresis was found to be both kinetic (water sorption and reorganization) and thermodynamic (surface roughness and surface coverage with F-moieties) in nature. Consecutive force loops revealed an increase in the wetting force (advancing and receding) with increasing loop number, indicating the increased hydrophobicity of the surface. The force increase was determined to be due to water sorption as well as due to surface reorganization. An increase in the size of the F-groups signified a decrease in reorganization rate due to a decreased mobility of the group. The process of reorganization was fully reversible, a behavior which is congruent with the definition of smart behavior. / Ph. D.

This study attempts to examine administrative programs and events in the tenure of Superintendent Dr. Larry D. Coble, who served the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County School District in North Carolina from 1989-1993. The central focus of this investigation addresses four basic questions. First, were the goals set by the superintendent achieved? Specifically, were his goals of offering new leadership, providing openness in the administration, ensuring quality education for a neglected population, and addressing teachers major concerns achieved? Second, did reorganizing the system (a) enhance decision-making I and (b) improve students' test scores? Third, did the superintendent successfully deal with the controversial issues of (a) site-based management, and (b) tracking. And fourth, was the superintendent's interaction with subordinates effective? / Ed. D.