Denna studie fokuserar på hur medier framställer omorganisationen av den svenska polismyndigheten under september månad 2016. Mer specifikt är det nyhetsartiklar från Sveriges två största dagstidningar, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet, som har analyserats. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur dagspressens medierapportering av den svenska polisens omorganisation gestaltas samt att få utökad kunskap för hur medierna väljer att framställa den svenska polismyndigheten.   Studiens tillvägagångssätt grundar sig i analysbegrepp hämtade från kritisk diskursanalys (CDA). Det teoretiska ramverket som ligger till grund för studien är gestaltningsteorin, teorin om nyhetsvärdering samt medielogik. Med hjälp av metoden har nio teman identifierats utifrån artiklarna. Analysen har genomförts tillsammans med analysverktygen aktörer, metaforer, implikationer, ordval samt de nio temana.   Utifrån analysen kan flera slutsatser dras, bland annat att samtliga analyserade artiklar innehåller kritik av omorganisationen och att det är generellt ett tydligt negativt vinklat förhållningssätt till ombildningen av dagstidningarna. De främsta aktörerna är politiker och rikspolischefen som i artiklarna anklagar eller går till attack mot varandra. I många av uttalanden försöker de förklara de försämrade resultaten eller förnekar att de har påverkats av omorganiseringen. Artiklarna innehåller tidiga inslag av utlovande om framtida ageranden. Inga av de analyserade artiklarna klassades som positiva, utan alla 12 stycken var negativt betonade till omorganiseringen. / This study is focusing on how the media feature the reorganization of the Swedish police authority during September 2016. More specifically, we have analyzed articles obtained from the two biggest daily newspapers in Sweden, namely Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. The purpose of this study is to examine how the media coverage portray the rearrangements within the Swedish police authority and broaden our knowledge about how the media choose to represent the Swedish police authority.   The approach of this study is based on analysis concepts from the critical discourse analysis (CDA). The theoretical frameworks of this study are the framing theory, the theory of news evaluation, and also media logic theory. With help from the method (CDA) nine themes were developed and used while analyzing the material. The analyze was completed with different tools such as operators, metaphors, implications, choice of words and the nine themes.   Based on the results from the analyze several conclusions can be made, for instance all of the articles include the theme criticism of the reorganization and there is in general a clear negative tone when reporting about the reorganization. The most visible operators were politicians and the national police chief that in several of the articles attack or accuse each other. In a lot of their statements they try to explain the reason for the worsening results or deny that the results has been affected by the reorganization. The articles contain several promises about future actions. None of the analyzed articles were classified as positive, but all 12 of them had a negative tone when writing about the reorganization.

On February 5, 1937, President Franklin Roosevelt submitted to Congress “The Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1937,” often simply called the Court-packing bill. The president hoped to circumvent the Court, which for years had been overturning New Deal programs, by appointing six new justices. However, the bill disguised its true intentions behind a veil of improving judicial efficiency. This misdirection backfired; the bill failed and Roosevelt’s popularity plummeted just months after a landslide reelection. This thesis examines the origins of the infamous Court-packing bill. It argues that Roosevelt was largely a background figure in the development of the plan, as he charged Attorney General Homer Cummings with finding a solution to the Court’s obstinacy. Cummings was the driving force behind the bill, particularly with regards to keeping it secret from other advisers and hiding its true intentions. Roosevelt’s most crucial mistake was in relying almost exclusively on his cunning attorney general.

Les restructurations occupent plus que jamais le devant de l'actualité. En effet, il ne se passe pas une semaine sans que les médias ne relayent un nouveau plan de restructuration aux conséquences souvent désastreuses sur l'emploi. S'il est vrai que les restructurations sont également présentes en période de croissance économique, elles prennent un relief tout particulier en temps de crise ; c'est à ce moment là qu'elles vont véritablement se révéler. Elles représentent un phénomène complexe qui engendre de nombreuses conséquences économiques, financières et humaines. A partir de ce constat, il paraît évident qu'une stratégie doit être mise en place afin de les anticiper et de sécuriser au mieux l'emploi en France. Le dialogue social est alors privilégié pour atteindre cet objectif. La procédure d'information-consultation des représentants du personnel et la négociation collective peuvent-elles contribuer à la mise en place d'une stratégie d'anticipation collective des restructurations ? Sans se vouloir exhaustive, cette étude tente d'apporter des éléments de réponse à la question soulevée. / Company reorganizations have now become burning issues. Every single week, the media report a new reorganization project whose consequences on employment are disastrous. Of course, reorganizations also take place in times of economic prosperity, however, they take a new dimension in times of crisis when they do reveal themselves. They represent a complex phenomenon which generates a lot of economic, financial and human difficulties. Once this observation made, it seems obvious that a relevant strategy must be put in place to anticipate reorganizations and secure employment in France as best as possible. Social talks are then favoured so as to reach this objective. Can this process of information-consultation of the staff representatives added to collective negotiation talks lead to a better strategy of anticipation of reorganizations? Without being exhaustive, this study tries to bring some possible answers to this question.

La périurbanisation, bien que décriée, a longtemps été oubliée des politiques publiques. Ce travail interroge l’évolution des modalités de la gestion métropolitaine, la place qu’y prennent les espaces périurbains et les recompositions territoriales induites. La réflexion est menée dans l’aire urbaine toulousaine dont les dynamiques sont appréhendées par une analyse statistique des évolutions sociétales, une étude de la documentation programmatique et stratégique et une quarantaine d’entretiens auprès d’acteurs de la scène métropolitaine et locale. Elle a pu mettre en évidence l’intégration des espaces périurbains à la réflexion métropolitaine et la capacité de leurs acteurs à se saisir des outils et cadres territoriaux à leur disposition pour dépasser leur statut de sous-espace urbain au profit d’un rôle à part entière dans le devenir métropolitain. En même temps qu’elles accompagnent cette promotion métropolitaine, ces recompositions territoriales ouvrent la voie à une diversité de trajectoires périurbaines. / Although criticized, urban sprawl has been forgotten by public policy for a long time. This research focuses on the evolution of regional planning, especially on the suburbs’ role in this evolution and on the reorganization of regional political governance. Our analysis is based on the example of Toulouse metropolitan area, studied through a statistical analysis of the social dynamics, a study of the urban planning materials and interviews with urban public stakeholders. Our work highlights the growing involvement of the suburbs in regional planning : suburban leaders have been able to use public policies to overcome their political marginalization and to link their destiny to the metropolitan area’s future. The current administrative and political regional reorganization also opens the door to a diversity of suburban trajectories.

This thesis describes the problematic of the individual ways of dealing with bankruptcy. The first part is concretely dealing with all method of resolving insolvency with emphasis on reorganization. The concept of reorganization was introduced by the new Insolvency Act. I focus also on comparison of the reorganization and the bankruptcy. The second part of my work includes analysis of reorganization in practice. I chose the company Kordárna, a.s. for describing reorganization process. I found the reorganization more advantageous to the creditors. Nevertheless the reorganization is less used than the bankruptcy. The reasons are the high costs, the shortcomings of insolvency law, necessity of consensus and some non-confidences to reorganization.

This diploma thesis is focused on the insolvency proceedings in accordance with the Czech law and accounting legislation. The first part is devoted to the insolvency procedure. It defines the insolvency and its possible solutions - bankruptcy and reorganization. The second part of the thesis is devoted to solving these two forms of insolvency of the debtor, especially in terms of valuation. The valuation methods are described not only in accordance with the valuation standards, but also on the basis of accounting. Accounting is considered to be the starting source for valuation of assets.

This thesis describes the actual global financial crisis and its impact on the company Kordárna, a.s, which is a producer of cords for tyres. The first part explains reasons and impacts of the global financial crisis. The second part is focused on a financial analysis of the company. The third part is connecting both previous parts, analyses consequences of the crisis on the company and its further problems, and shows how to solve its difficulties through the reorganization.

A Lei nº. 11.101, de 9 de fevereiro de 2005, alterou significativamente o regime jurídico da insolvência da empresa, atribuindo nova importância aos credores: de meros espectadores passaram à condição de protagonistas do processo concursal, com a prerrogativa de decidir a solução a ser dada à crise do devedor comum (seja pela via da recuperação, seja pela da falência). A vontade coletiva dos credores passa a ser determinada no âmbito da Assembleia- Geral de Credores, órgão caído em desuso na vigência do Decreto-Lei nº 7.661/45, mas que desempenha, no regime atual, funções de extremada importância. No processo da recuperação judicial, cabe à Assembleia-Geral de Credores deliberar sobre a aprovação, rejeição ou modificação do plano de recuperação apresentado pelo devedor, a constituição do Comitê de Credores, o pedido de desistência do devedor, a escolha do gestor judicial, bem como sobre quaisquer outras matérias que possam afetar os interesses dos credores. Já no âmbito da falência, incumbe-lhe, principalmente, decidir sobre a forma de liquidação dos ativos do devedor, a fim de maximizar o seu valor e conferir celeridade e eficiência ao processo. Por opção legislativa, não competirá ao Judiciário julgar a viabilidade econômica da empresa em crise ou decidir sobre a conveniência da recuperação ou da falência (isso é papel dos credores). A importância do juiz, nesse contexto, passa a ser outra, sobretudo para garantir que a negociação do devedor com os credores (e entre os próprios credores) seja conduzida de acordo com as formalidades e os princípios da lei, de modo a conferir legitimidade às deliberações tomadas. Além disso, caberá ao juiz tentar prevenir e, se necessário, reprimir o abuso pelo devedor e pelos credores das prerrogativas e direitos que lhes foram conferidos. Em linhas gerais, serão essas as matérias versadas nesta dissertação, que se propõe a analisar a situação jurídica dos credores e a sistemática da Assembleia-Geral, com algumas considerações acerca do controle judicial em face do abuso do direito de voto. / Law no. 11.101, dated February 9, 2005, significantly changed the legal system of companys insolvency, giving new importance to the creditors: from spectators in the past, they became protagonists of the insolvency process, with the prerogative to decide about the solution to be given to the common debtor crisis (either through reorganization or bankruptcy). The creditors collective will shall now be determined under the General Meeting of Creditors, organ fallen into disuse during the rule of Decree-Law no. 7.661/45, but that now plays, in the current system, functions of extreme importance. In the reorganization process, it is up to the General Meeting of Creditors to decide on the approval, rejection or modification of the plan submitted by the debtor, the constitution of the Creditors Committee, the waiver request of the debtor, the choice of a judicial manager, as well as on any other matters that may affect the interests of creditors. On the other hand, regarding to bankruptcy, the General Meeting of Creditors must, above all, decide how to liquidate the debtor\'s assets, in order to maximize their value and give speed and efficiency to the process. Due to legislative choice, it will not compete to the Courts to judge the economic viability of the company in crisis or to rule on the convenience of reorganization or bankruptcy (this is the role of the creditors). The importance of the judge in this context is now different, mainly to ensure that the negotiation between creditors and debtor (and among the creditors) is conducted in accordance with the procedures and principles of law, in order to give legitimacy to the resolution taken. Furthermore, it will be up to the judge to try to prevent and, if necessary, restrain the abuse, by debtor and creditors, of the rights and privileges conferred to them. In general, these are the matters that will be versed in this thesis, which proposes to analyze the legal status of creditors and the systematics of the General Meeting, with some considerations on judicial review of the abuse of the right to vote.

[pt] Dados sísmicos, utilizados principalmente na indústria de petróleo, costumam apresentar dimensões de dezenas de gigabytes e em alguns casos, centenas. Este trabalho apresenta propostas de manipulação destes dados que ajudem a contornar problemas enfrentados por aplicativos de processamento e interpretação sísmica ao trabalhar com arquivos deste porte. As propostas se baseiam em reorganização e compressão. O conhecimento do formato de utilização dos dados permite reestruturar seu armazenamento diminuindo o tempo gasto com a transferência entre o disco e a memória em até 90%. A compressão é utilizada para diminuir o espaço necessário para armazenamento. Para dados desta natureza os melhores resultados, em taxa de redução, são das técnicas de compressão com perda, entre elas as compressões por agrupamento. Neste trabalho apresentamos um algoritmo que minimiza o erro médio do agrupamento uma vez que o número de grupos tenha sido determinado. Em qualquer método desta categoria o grau de erro e a taxa de compressão obtidos dependem do número de grupos. Os dados sísmicos possuem uma coerência espacial que pode ser aproveitada para melhorar a compressão dos mesmos. Combinando-se agrupamento e o aproveitamento da coerência espacial conseguimos comprimir os dados com taxas variando de 7% a 25% dependendo do erro associado. Um novo formato é proposto utilizando a reorganização e a compressão em conjunto. / [en] Seismic data, used mainly in the petroleum industry, commonly present sizes of tens of gigabyte, and, in some cases, hundreds. This work presents propositions for manipulating these data in order to help overcoming the problems that application for seismic processing and interpretation face while dealing with file of such magnitude. The propositions are based on reorganization and compression. The knowledge of the format in which the data will be used allows us to restructure storage reducing disc- memory transference time up to 90%. Compression is used to save storage space. For data of such nature, best results in terms of compression rates come from techniques associated to information loss, being clustering one of them. In this work we present an algorithm for minimizing the cost of clustering a set of data for a pre-determined number of clusters. Seismic data have space coherence that can be used to improve their compression. Combining clustering with the use of space coherence we were able to compress sets of data with rates from 7% to 25% depending on the error associated. A new file format is proposed using reorganization and compression together.

Organisationsförändringar kan medföra risker som innefattar oro, stress och konflikter inom verksamheten. Det är inte ovanligt att ledningen förväntar sig att verksamheten ska fungera som den alltid gjort samtidigt som genomförandearbetet läggs på medarbetarna. Risken finns att en organisationsförändring kan ge konsekvenser som innebär att folk säger upp sig. Denna kandidatuppsats syftar till att ta reda på hur omorganisationen av polismyndigheten som genomfördes den 1 Januari 2015 upplevs av poliser i den ingripande verksamheten. Vi vill skapa förståelse för hur polisens arbete har påverkats i och med organisationsförändringen. Det som gör vår studie unik och egen är att den på ett nyanserat sätt belyser nya aspekter av omorganisationen ur en sociologisk synvinkel, med fokus på polisernas egna känslor och upplevelser. Teorierna vi valt att utgå ifrån behandlar organisationsförändring ur ett strukturellt perspektiv men även på individnivå. Organisationsmodellerna Lean Production, Den byråkratiska organisationsformen och Organisationsförändringsteorin har vi valt att tillämpa för att skapa förståelse för hur poliserna upplever omorganisationens verksamhetsidé i praktiken. Vi har även använt oss av teorierna Alienation och Erkännande för att få en djupare förståelse för hur poliserna upplever att omorganisationen har påverkat deras arbete och arbetsvillkor. Vår sociologiska analys kommer grunda sig i samtliga teorier, vetenskapliga artiklar och den empiriska sammanställningen genom en utförlig diskussion i förhållande till varandra.  Vi har använt oss av ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt där den empiriska datan samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Den insamlade empirin tillsammans med med våra teoretiska utgångspunkter lade grunden för vår analys samt avslutande reflektioner och slutsatser. Slutsatsen vi kunde dra utifrån polisernas upplevelser av omorganisationen är att det var brist på kommunikation och information under reformens genomförande, vilket i sin tur skapade motstånd och friktioner i relation till polisernas försämrade arbetsvillkor. / Unsuccessful organizational changes can imply risks that include anxiety, stress and conflicts within the agency. While the management expects the agency to function as it always has, it is not uncommon for the implementation work to be imposed on the employees. Therefore, there is a risk that organizational changes can have consequences that results in people resigning. This bachelor's thesis aims to examine how the reorganization of the Swedish police which implemented on January 1, 2015 is experienced by cops in Intervention activities. Furthermore, we also intended to create an understanding for how police work has been affected by this particular organizational change. What makes our study unique is that it in a nuanced way highlights new aspects of the reorganization from a sociological approach directed on the police officers own emotions and experiences related to the organizational change. The theories we have chosen to start from deal with organizational change from a structural perspective, but also at the individual level. The organizational models Lean Production, The Bureaucratic organizational form and The organizational change theory we have chosen to apply to create an understanding of how the police experience the reorganization's business idea in practice. We have also used the theories Alienation and The struggle to Recognition to gain a deeper understanding of how the police experience that the reorganization has affected their work and working conditions. Our sociological analysis will be based on all theories, scientific articles and the empirical compilation through a detailed discussion in relation to each other. Our study had been based on a qualitative approach through which we collected the empirical data by semi-structured interviews. The collected empirics, associated with our theoretical basis, formed the foundation for our analysis as well as our concluding reflections and conclusions. The most comprehensive conclusion we can compose from the police officers personal experiences of the reorganization, is that there was a deficient communication and information related to the reform that constituted resistance and frictions within the agency.