Bakgrund: Att uppleva meningsfullhet i sina aktiviteter är något som arbetsterapeutyrket har kunskap om. Vad arbetsterapeuter har för arbetsuppgifter inom särskilt boende (Säbo) och hur de jobbar med att främja meningsfulla aktiviteter för personer med demenssjukdom saknas det tydliga riktlinjer om Syftet: Syftet med studien var att beskriva arbetsterapeutens roll och hur de arbetar med att främja meningsfulla aktiviteter för personer med demenssjukdom på särskilt boende. Metod: I studien användes en kvalitativ ansats med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta arbetsterapeuter som arbetar inom Säbo intervjuades. Ett strategiskt urval användes för att rekrytera deltagare och data analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Arbetet resulterade i två kategorier och sju subkategorier. De två huvudkategorierna är arbetsterapeutens roll och meningsfulla aktiviteter. Under arbetsterapeutens roll framkom subkategorierna: Kompetens/organisation, personcentrering i aktivitet och att deltagarna saknar tid till aktiviteter. Deltagarna beskrev att arbetsterapeutens roll ser olika ut beroende på uppdrag och att arbetsterapeuterna har vilja och kompetens för att främja meningsfulla aktiviteter på Säbo för personer med demenssjukdom. Den andra huvudkategorin meningsfulla aktiviteter innehåller subkategorierna: Identifiera meningsfulla aktiviteter, främja meningsfulla aktiviteter och att småsaker ger meningsfullhet samt att miljön påverkar meningsfulla aktiviteter. Deltagarna kunde främja meningsfulla aktiviteter genom intervjuer, lyssna på levnadsberättelse, göra aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL) bedömning och närvaron med personen för att identifiera vad som är viktigt för den här personen. Slutsats: Arbetsterapeuter kan genom att jobba personcentrerat och jobba i team främja meningsfulla aktiviteter på Säbo för personer med demenssjukdom. För att kunna uppnå detta behöver arbetsterapeuten och teamet jobba mot samma mål. / Background: Experiencing meaningfulness in activities is something that the occupational therapist profession has knowledge of. There are no clear guidelines on what occupational therapists have to do in residential care facilities and how they work to promote meaningful activities for people with dementia. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the role of occupational therapists and how they work to promote meaningful activities for people with dementia in residential care facilities. Method: The study used a qualitative approach with semistructured interviews. Eight occupational therapists who work within residential care facilities were interviewed. Strategic sampling was used to recruit participants and data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Result: The study resulted in two categories and seven subcategories. The two main categories are the occupational therapist's role and meaningful activities. Under the occupational therapist's role, the subcategories emerged: Competence/organization, person-centered in activity and that the participants lack time for activities. The participants described that the occupational therapist's role can look different depending on the assignment and that the occupational therapists have a desire and competence to promote meaningful activities at residential care facilities for people with dementia. The second main category of meaningful activities contains the subcategories: Identify meaningful activities, promote meaningful activities, small things give meaning, and that the environment affects meaningful activities. Participants were able to promote meaningful activities through interviews, listening to life stories, doing activities of daily living (ADL) assessment, being present with the person to identify what is important to this person. Conclusion: By working person-centered and working in teams, occupational therapists can promote meaningful activities at residential care facilities for people with dementia. In order to achieve this, the occupational therapist and the team need to work towards the same goal.

Denna studie undersöker hur Statens institutionsstyrelse (SiS) arbetar med flickor som lever under hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Fokus ligger på behandlingspersonalens roll och deras kompetensutveckling samt hur regeringens satsningar på ökad förståelse och utbildning påverkar flickornas tillvaro på institutionen. Genom att analysera SiS insatser och strategier syftar studien till att identifiera tillsatta åtgärder för att förbättra välbefinnandet och säkerheten för dessa unga flickor. För att svara på frågeställningarna användes en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer som analyserades med tematisk analys. Totalt intervjuades åtta personer med olika roller inom en institution som tar emot skolpliktiga flickor mellan 12–16 år. De teoretiska begreppen gräsrotsbyråkrati och totala institutioner tillämpades vid analysen av det insamlade materialet. Resultaten visar att det finns utbildningsmöjligheter, men dessa är varken obligatoriska eller tillgängliga för alla. Behandlingspersonalen upplever en brist på kompetens i relation till hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck, samtidigt som de uttrycker en vilja att utveckla sin kunskap. Studien visar även att institutionen genomför sitt säkerhetsarbete genom regelbundna riskbedömningar och individuella säkerhetsplaner anpassade efter varje flickas unika situation. Resultaten lyfter utmaningar i arbetet som inkluderar att förhindra kontakt mellan flickorna och obehöriga genom falska identiteter, samtidigt som personalen möter dilemman där flickorna lyfter önskemål om kontakt till obehörig. Studien visar också att institutionen fokuserar på att erbjuda adekvat vård och stöd anpassat efter flickornas individuella behov, men personalens varierande utbildningsnivåer och brist på specifik utbildning utgör en utmaning. / This thesis investigates how the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care (SiS) handles girls who live under honor-related violence and oppression. The focus is on the role of the treatment staff and their competence development, as well as how government initiatives for increased understanding and education affect the girls' situation at the institution. By analyzing SiS's efforts and strategies, the study aims to identify measures to improve the well-being and safety of these young girls. A qualitative method with semi-structured interviews was used to answer the research questions, and the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. A total of eight individuals with different roles within an institution, which accommodates school-aged girls between 12-16 years old, were interviewed. The theoretical concepts of street-level bureaucracy and total institutions were applied in the analysis of the collected material. The results show that there are educational opportunities, but these are neither mandatory nor accessible to everyone. The treatment staff experience a lack of competence in relation to honor-related violence and oppression, while also expressing a desire to develop their knowledge. The study also reveals that the institution conducts its safety work through regular risk assessments and individual safety plans tailored to each girl's unique situation. The results highlight challenges in the work, including preventing contact between the girls and unauthorized persons through false identities, while staff face dilemmas when the girls express desires for contact with unauthorized individuals. The study also shows that the institution focuses on providing adequate care and support tailored to the girls' individual needs, but the varying levels of education among the staff and the lack of specific training pose a challenge.

A qualitative study was undertaken to develop an understanding of the social welfare services rendered to street children and to ascertain how these social welfare services can be enhanced from the perspective of service providers employed by NGOs in Pretoria. An explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised. The researcher used purposive and non-probability sampling methods to draw the sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information from nine service providers working with street children. Data were analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (in Creswell, 2009). Data was verified using Guba‘s model (in Krefting, 1991).The study highlights challenges faced by NGOs in providing social welfare services to street children. The study provides a critical analysis of some of the key social welfare service challenges that need to be addressed to ensure effective and sustainable delivery of social welfare services. how these social welfare services can be enhanced from the perspective of service providers employed by NGOs in Pretoria. An explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised. The researcher used purposive and non-probability sampling methods to draw the sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information from nine service providers working with street children. Data were analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (in Creswell, 2009). Data was verified using Guba‘s model (in Krefting, 1991).The study highlights challenges faced by NGOs in providing social welfare services to street children. The study provides a critical analysis of some of the key social welfare service challenges that need to be addressed to ensure effective and sustainable delivery of social welfare services. the social welfare services rendered to street children and to ascertain how these social welfare services can be enhanced from the perspective of service providers employed by NGOs in Pretoria. An explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was utilised. The researcher used purposive and non-probability sampling methods to draw the sample. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information from nine service providers working with street children. Data were analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (in Creswell, 2009). Data was verified using Guba‘s model (in Krefting, 1991).The study highlights challenges faced by NGOs in providing social welfare services to street children. The study provides a critical analysis of some of the key social welfare service challenges that need to be addressed to ensure effective and sustainable delivery of social welfare services. / Social Work / MA (Social Work)

Care transition, the process of moving from community care to residential care, is one of the biggest changes that older people can experience in their later life. Evidence from the literature suggests that older people's experiences of care transition tend to be negative and traumatic, with most of them being little involved in the process of care transition. How older people exercise choice during the period of care transition is important for understanding their experiences of care transition for the following two reasons: first, choice has been referred to in the literature as the key to less stressful care transition experiences, which can subsequently lead to a better quality of life in residential homes; second, the introduction of choice in public services has been the key plank of British social policy in recent decades and there has been a movement towards extending choice in residential care. This research aims to study older people's care transition experiences and their exercise of choice during the process of care transition, to explore the meaning and the perceived effects of choice and to identify the role of choice in promoting a positive care transition. This thesis presents findings from 48 in-depth interviews with older people who became new residents in one of the ten participating residential homes in London and had their care paid for by the local authority. This research identified four groups of older people who showed marked differences in terms of their needs, their exercise of choice during the care transition process and their adaptation to residential care: Active Planners, Conformists, the Unsettled and Shelter-Seekers. The findings from this research suggest that the older people's care transition experiences varied and that they stretch beyond the prevailing evidence emphasising the stressfulness of the care transition. The cases of Active Planners and Shelter-Seekers show the potential for positive roles for care homes in the case of users with genuine needs for residential care. An overwhelming majority of the older people who were interviewed were great proponents of choice and many of them actively exercised choice in the course of their care transition. This challenges the claim of the passivity of older people which has been argued in the literature. However, the cases of some Conformists who did not want to exercise choice also highlight that having no choice can be a choice for some older people. On the whole, older people’s exercise of choice played an important role in facilitating a positive transition, despite it not being a precondition for such a transition. However, there were administrative issues limiting the level and the extent of choice that were available to the older people and the Unsettled experienced an undesired move into a care home, having their choices denied or rejected. This thesis also questions the working of choice and competition in residential care, as the older people did not seem to enjoy the expected benefits of choice relating to service improvements which have been argued for in the literature.

This diploma thesis deals with behaviour and relationships on summer integrational camp, where children raised in family and children raised in residential care meet with each other. The aim of this thesis is to describe the difference between these groups from the viewpoint of unit counsellors (in the area of behaviour at the camp, relationship with the authority of counsellor and relationships between children) and explore mutual relationships in units, primarily ascertain the position of the children who were raised in residential care. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. In the first chapter of the theoretical part potential differences between children raised in family and children raised in residential care are analysed. The second chapter deals with summer camps and which aspects have influence on children's stay at camp. In the empirical part the qualitative research itself is presented, with the questionnaires for counsellors as the main data source. These questionnaires provide the information about observed areas regarding all the children on the camp, who are participants of the research. Mutual relationships between children and position of the children raised in residential care inside units are examined using sociometry. The information obtained about both...

Partindo de uma abordagem da figura polêmica da loucura como domínio estratégico de inúmeras relações de poder que não majoritariamente orientadas por princípios restritivos, esta dissertação enfoca a produção do sujeito “usuário" em um NAPS (Núcleo de Atenção Psicossocial) – instituição pública de saúde mental vinculada ao movimento da Luta Antimanicomial. Para tanto, transcrições de entrevistas com os usuários foram analisadas segundo o método de análise institucional de discurso. Visou-se, com isso, ao estudo da constituição do sujeito no discurso – o que implica tanto o seu vínculo com a instituição quanto a interlocução que se configura com o entrevistador no ato mesmo da entrevista. Empreendendo uma analítica do discurso do usuário – em detrimento de classificações psiquiátricas ou psicopatológicas impostas aos sujeitos –, realizou-se o delineamento de singularidades por meio da positivação desses discursos. Por fim, confrontando as análises das entrevistas, buscou-se mapear as regularidades discursivas e as diversas correlações de força. Temas como violência, médicos, sexualidade, medicamentos e cotidiano institucional são abordados nesta pesquisa, sempre tendo por base o discurso dos usuários. / Starting with an approach of the controversial image of insanity as a controlling strategy of various power relationships, which are not mostly guided by restrictive principles, this dissertation focuses on the subject’s production, a user in a NAPS (Social and Psychological Attention Centre) – public institution of mental care, which is linked to the “Anti-Mental Hospital" fight. Therefore, transcriptions of users’ interviews were analyzed according to the institutional discourse analysis method. For the objective of studying the subject’s constitution in the discourse – which implies its relation to the institution and the conversation configured with the interviewer during the interview. Applying the user’s discourse analysis – in disregard of psychiatric or psychopathological categories imposed on the subjects – was made the outline of singularities through the assertiveness of those discourses. At last, comparing the interviews’ analyses, we intended to map discourse regularities and various power correlations. Topics like violence, medicals, sexuality, medicine and institutional daily life are always approached in this research, keeping the users’ discourse as support.

In the provided care for children placed in substitute residential facilities in the Czech Republic are in the context of European Union made demands to change some key aspects of its current structural frame. Aim of this master thesis is to provide in this context, through the analysis of mainly bibliographic sources, a complex overview of the system of substitute residential care in two EU countries, the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. The thesis contains an insight into the activities of both systems, as well as comparatively processed answers to two initial research questions. The results of the research work on the answer to the question "What are the differences in the existing service network, regarding the work with the children placed in selected Czech and German children's homes?" show, that the established frame of the provided services is similar, but the qualitative and quantitative offer of the services is in practice reflected by different economic situations in both countries. The result of the second comparative research, answering the question "How are in the chosen countries determined the means of children rehabilitation in the selected children's homes?", shows, that the coordinated rehabilitation is in all its parts realized in both countries as consistent with the fulfilment of "the child's best interest" as possible. The most significant difference in reaching the optimal harmony of all segments of coordinated rehabilitation in these countries makes the application of support means to the work with the family, to the care for youth preparing for leaving the institution, to the realization of complex multidisciplinary care, or to fulfilment of an individual approach and planning. It is therefore desirable, that the Czech Republic, as well as the Federal Republic of Germany, orient themselves not only on the quality of provided help and care for the children placed in children's homes, but also on the future of young people, who are in the process of leaving the institution. This can be achieved by legislatively well-set structural system of substitute residential care, in which is through suitable service provided a valuable support in the context of coordinated rehabilitation. This master thesis can for the people interested in this topic expand the view on how the same mission regarding the children in substitute residential care is fulfilled by two advanced European countries, it can also be in this context an impulse to reflect on the form of a good practice in these institutions.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 aline.pdf: 736058 bytes, checksum: b2b92b8350307484b0194e6d060e9276 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-25 / This study raises a policy analysis dedicated to the treatment and care to children and adolescents in protective measure considering aspects of this process of institutionalization in front of the ECA. Therefore, search reference in the institution of the state, family and social policies focusing on the organization of social assistance policy and the process of implementation of the laws that regulate protection programs to children and adolescents when it comes to protection policy. The revitalization of this work uses as a reference the exploration of movements of everyday reality of a welcoming institutional member of Own Network organized by the Municipality of Porto Alegre in an attempt to understand through the discourses that mobilize this everydayness, the effectiveness of the law. As an aid in this journey, the theoretical perspective of Michel Foucault approach responds to the multiplicity of relationships agencied this reality / O presente estudo suscita uma análise da política destinada ao atendimento e a atenção a criança e ao adolescente em medida de proteção, considerando aspectos do processo de institucionalização no presente frente ao ECA. Para tanto, busca referência na instituição do Estado, da família e das políticas sociais enfocando na organização da política de assistência social e o processo de implementação das leis que normatizam programas de proteção a criança e adolescente em se tratando de medida de proteção. A dinamização deste trabalho utiliza como referência a exploração dos andamentos da realidade cotidiana de um espaço de acolhimento institucional integrante da Rede Própria organizada pela Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre na tentativa de entender através dos discursos que mobilizam esta cotidianidade, a efetividade da lei. Como auxílio nesta travessia, a perspectiva teórica de Michel Foucault atende à aproximação da multiplicidade de relações agenciadas nesta realidade

Les recherches sur les enfants placés par les services sociaux indiquent qu'ils ont des difficultés scolaires plus fréquentes et plus importantes que le reste de la population. Cette recherche comparative entre la France et l'Angleterre se concentre sur les accueils en établissement : la suppléance familiale est ici exercée par une équipe de professionnels. Nous analysons cette reconfiguration sociale et familiale afin de mieux appréhender les logiques et les processus qui sous-tendent les parcours scolaires des enfants placés et leur accompagnement dans le cadre du placement. Notre approche, interactionniste, adopte une démarche compréhensive qui permet d'affiner l'analyse et donc les connaissances sur la population, et notamment de comprendre pourquoi certains réussissent malgré le cumul des difficultés rencontrées. Nous nous appuyons sur le concept d'accrochage scolaire comme le point culminant d'un ensemble de processus longs et complexes qui se combinent entre eux. La partie principale de notre corpus est composée d'une centaine d'entretiens individuels et semi-dirigés et d'observations participantes menées sur plusieurs mois au sein de huit établissements en France et en Angleterre. Cette recherche permet d'avoir une meilleure compréhension de ce nouveau cadre de socialisation. Nous étudions les pratiques des professionnels, leur investissement sur la question scolaire et sur l'élaboration des projets professionnels. Le placement tend à confirmer et consolider les carrières scolaires des jeunes dès leur entrée dans la prise en charge et à entretenir les inégalités scolaires par sa structure et par des modes de socialisation éloignés des modes scolaires. / Research has regularly pointed at the poor achievement of Looked after children in comparison with the rest of the population. This comparative research between France and England focuses on residential care: the main dimensions of parenting are attributed to a team composed of professionals. We analyse this social and family reconfiguration in order to apprehend the logic and processes which underlie the educational pathways of children in care and their support when under care. Our interactionist approach uses a comprehensive methodology in order to enhance the analysis and the knowledge on this population, particularly to understand why some of these children achieve success at school despite the accumulation of difficulties. We develop the concept of school persistence as the peak of a set of long and complex processes which are combined. The main part of our data is obtained through a hundred of semi-structured face-to-face interviews and observation work into eight long-term children's home over a period of several months. This research improves the understanding on this organization as a new frame of socialization. We study the practices of, their commitment in education and towards the development of professional perspectives for children. Care in children's homes tends to confirm and reinforce the children's underachievement from the beginning of the care placement in the sense that it maintains educational inequalities due to its structure and socialization processes that are distant from those which can be observed at school.

<p>The purpose of this study was to examine how some young mothers, who previously have been in foster care or residential care, describe the way motherhood has affected their lives and identities. Narrative interviews were conducted with three teenage mothers and one mother aged 23. As tools for analyzing the narratives, theories about narrative psychology and how people present themselves through story-telling and language were used. The results of the study show that becoming a mother was life-changing in a positive way, according to the young mothers. They described how they, since becoming mothers, had become more mature and now lived less risk-full lives. Motherhood had brought a new focus to their lives and had given them motivation to study and to become self-supporting. The mothers expressed a wish to give their children a better childhood, than they themselves had. The results of the study were similar with the results reported in previous, qualitative studies of the experiences of young mothers.</p>