Submitted by PPG Servi?o Social (servico-social-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-29T18:35:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Betina Ahlert - Tese.pdf: 3601138 bytes, checksum: b01b5053faf202159f7a4ac8c7023c30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-29T18:37:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Betina Ahlert - Tese.pdf: 3601138 bytes, checksum: b01b5053faf202159f7a4ac8c7023c30 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T13:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Betina Ahlert - Tese.pdf: 3601138 bytes, checksum: b01b5053faf202159f7a4ac8c7023c30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study has its foundation in the city, living space of the majority of the world population and, therefore, locus of production and reproduction of social relations. This place is also where the work of many social workers in the interaction with the expressions of the social issue and its specifics as an urban question is developed. It has as a theme the right to the city and its counterpoint in the removal and involuntary resettlement processes in view of the commercialization of urban space and housing, since the housing policy becomes part of the capital financing system. This thesis aims to analyze how the right to the city is built in urban areas impacted by involuntary resettlement programs. In this regard, it has reference in the critical dialectic method and in the theoretical categories of totality, historicity, mediation and contradiction. Methodologically, a qualitative research was developed with two involuntary resettlement programs made to carry out infrastructure works in Porto Alegre city: the Socio-Environmental Integrated Program and the ?Novo Tronco? Project. The research instruments used were participant observation with field diary records and semi-structured interviews with program managers and community leaders. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique resulting in three categories of reality: perception about city production, daily life and relations between communities and public authority. The research results allow us to conclude that involuntary resettlement and resettlement programs are part of a broader set of actions leading by the business community of the city, implemented through the combination of State and market interests. Seen in these terms, the city, as a result of the human labor production, becomes strange to the workman, because he does not take part of the result of his own work. On one hand, the daily life of families affected by these processes is marked by feelings of loss, both material - housing, public places in the community, community achievements - and immaterial - neighborhood and community ties, solidarity networks and mental health. On the other, due the fact of these processes are marked by domination between State and a subaltern class and by inequalities of power, they are also producers of resistance. / Este estudo tem seu ch?o na cidade, espa?o de vida da maioria da popula??o mundial e, portanto, l?cus de produ??o e reprodu??o das rela??es sociais. Espa?o ainda onde se desenvolve o trabalho de muitos Assistentes Sociais na interface com as express?es da quest?o social e suas especificidades enquanto quest?o urbana. Tem como tema o direito ? cidade e seu contraponto nos processos de remo??o e reassentamento involunt?rio, diante da perspectiva de mercantiliza??o do espa?o urbano e da moradia, j? que a pol?tica habitacional passa a compor parte do sistema de financeriza??o do capital. Essa tese tem por objetivo analisar como o direito ? cidade ? constru?do nos territ?rios urbanos impactados por programas de reassentamento involunt?rio. Para isso, tem refer?ncia no m?todo dial?tico cr?tico e nas categorias te?ricas de totalidade, historicidade, media??o e contradi??o. Metodologicamente, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como campo dois programas de reassentamento involunt?rio executados para realiza??o de obras de infraestrutura na cidade de Porto Alegre: o Programa Integrado Socioambiental e o Projeto Nova Tronco. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a observa??o participante, com registros em di?rio de campo, e entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com gestores dos programas e lideran?as comunit?rias. Os dados foram pensados atrav?s da t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do e resultaram em tr?s categorias explicativas da realidade: percep??o sobre a produ??o da cidade, cotidiano e rela??es entre comunidades e poder p?blico. Os resultados da pesquisa nos permitem concluir que os programas de remo??o e reassentamento involunt?rio s?o parte de um conjunto mais amplo de a??es de condu??o do empresariamento da cidade, executado atrav?s da conjun??o de interesses do Estado e do mercado. Nesse sentido, a cidade, enquanto produ??o do trabalho humano, passa a ser estranha ao trabalhador, porque n?o se apropria do resultado de seu pr?prio trabalho. Por um lado, o cotidiano das fam?lias atingidas por esses processos ? marcado por sentimentos de perdas, tanto materiais ? moradia, espa?os p?blicos na comunidade, conquistas comunit?rias ?, quanto imateriais ? v?nculos de vizinhan?a e comunit?rios, redes de solidariedade e sa?de mental. Por outro, ao tempo em que s?o processos marcados pela domina??o entre Estado e uma classe subalterna e por desigualdades de poder, s?o tamb?m geradores de resist?ncia.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:33:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_LUCAS_DUARTE_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 1345801 bytes, checksum: 0df502fe748540a1fd5343507c5f8cfe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_LUCAS_DUARTE_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 1345801 bytes, checksum: 0df502fe748540a1fd5343507c5f8cfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The work?s research object is the problem of tyranny and the right of slay a tyrant in Juan de Mariana, S. J (1536-1624), famous Spanish theologian who became known in the History of Ideas as a defender of tyrannicide. We want to understand how the Jesuit presents and justifies the Right of Resistance in his works De rege et regis institutione and De monetae mutatione. Our hypothesis will be the Right of Resistance is treated by Mariana as a natural and inalienable right of men. Due to its nature, any man, private or public authority, has the right to depose an illegitimate ruler who threatens the citizens life and wellbeing. This defence of private citizen action against the tyrant is pointed out as an "innovation" of Juan de Mariana in ahead of the thinkers of his time. Therefore, other objective of this work is to determine the backgrounds of his position and what extent the Jesuit would have contributed ?originally? to the problem of tyranny. We will try to defend Mariana as a followed of "Thomist tradition" in the treatment of this subject. To this end, we will divide the following text into three chapters. In the first, we shall try to trace how the tyrant's problem and the Right of Resistance developed from the Middle Ages to Juan de Mariana. In order to keep this chapter shorter, we shall keep ourselves to the reflections of Salisbury, Thomas Aquinas, Francisco de Vitoria, and Domingo de Soto. We will also deal, in this chapter, with the French and Spanish political context of the sixteenth century. We believe that will be important for the development of this work for two main reasons: first to understand what would be "a Thomistic tradition justification of the Right of Resistance"; second, because we judge important to understand our research object inserted in its context and the various forms that this right was evoked. In the second chapter, we will try to deal with the main political elements and concepts of Jesuit thought, namely: the origin of the state; the main forms of government; the definition of law and the role of natural law; the relationship between the ruler, the laws and state institutions. Thus, with this general approach of Mariana?s thought, we must be able to show how the Right of Resistance, and the right to slay a tyrant, is consistent with them. Finally, in the third chapter, we will explain in detail how Mariana understood and justified the Right of Resistance in the natural principle of self-defense. We will also settle on other important aspects, such as the characterization of the king and the tyrant, the maxims of real action, in particular, the virtues of prudence and justice, the circumstances and manner of execution the Right of Resistance, among other elements. / Este trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa o problema do tirano e o tiranic?dio em Juan de Mariana, S. J (1536-1624), afamado te?logo espanhol que ficara conhecido na Hist?ria das Ideias como defensor fervoroso do tiranic?dio. Queremos aqui compreender como o jesu?ta apresenta e justifica o Direito de Resist?ncia no De rege et regis institutione e no De monetae mutatione. Nossa hip?tese de trabalho ? que esse direito ? tratado por Mariana como um direito natural e inalien?vel dos homens e que, devido a sua natureza, ? resguardado o Direito de depor um governante ileg?timo que amea?a a vida e o bem-estar dos cidad?os dentro de um Estado, sendo l?cita a a??o privada contra uma autoridade p?blica. Este ?ltimo aspecto ? apontado como uma ?inova??o? de Juan de Mariana frente aos pensadores do seu tempo. Por isso, precisar as origens de sua posi??o e at? que ponto o jesu?ta teria contribu?do originalmente ao problema do tiranic?dio tamb?m se configuram como um objetivo deste trabalho. Procuraremos defender uma continuidade entre Mariana e o que chamaremos de ?tradi??o tomista? no tratamento desse tema. Com esse objetivo, dividiremos o texto que se segue em tr?s cap?tulos. No primeiro, buscaremos remontar como o problema do tirano e o Direito de Resist?ncia desenvolveram-se do Medievo at? Juan de Mariana. Para evitar que este cap?tulo seja demasiado longo, limitar-nos-emos ?s reflex?es de Salisbury, Tom?s de Aquino, Francisco de Vit?ria e Domingo de Soto. Tamb?m nos ocuparemos, neste cap?tulo, com os ambientes franc?s e espanhol do s?culo XVI. Apesar da abrang?ncia dos assuntos, julgamos que eles ser?o importantes para o desenvolvimento do trabalho por dois motivos centrais: primeiro para compreender o que seria ?uma tradi??o tomista de justifica??o do Direito de Resist?ncia?; segundo, porque julgamos importante compreender o nosso objeto de pesquisa inserido no seu contexto e as diversas formas que o Direito de Resist?ncia foi evocado. No segundo cap?tulo, procuraremos abordar os principais elementos e conceitos pol?ticos do pensamento do jesu?ta, a saber: a origem do Estado, as principais formas de governo, a defini??o de lei e o papel da lei natural, a rela??o entre o governante e as leis, e as institui??es do Estado. Assim, com este panorama geral da teoria de Mariana, deveremos ter condi??es de mostrar como a justifica??o do Direito de Resist?ncia e, por conseguinte, do tiranic?dio, est? coerente com eles. Por fim, no terceiro cap?tulo, vamos expor detalhadamente como Mariana compreendeu e fundamentou o Direito de Resist?ncia no princ?pio natural de leg?tima defesa. Tamb?m nos deteremos em outros aspectos importantes, como a caracteriza??o do rei e do tirano, as m?ximas de a??o real, em especial, as virtudes da prud?ncia e justi?a, as circunst?ncias e o modo de execu??o do Direito de Resist?ncia, entre outros elementos.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-08-22T12:07:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MILENE_MORAES_DE_FIGUEIREDO_COMPLETO.pdf: 3993424 bytes, checksum: d28445cb3de273d8478f161e516e71c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T12:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MILENE_MORAES_DE_FIGUEIREDO_COMPLETO.pdf: 3993424 bytes, checksum: d28445cb3de273d8478f161e516e71c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The present dissertation investigates the policy of nationalization of the education of the estadonovista period from the case of the Gin?sio Teuto-Brasileiro Farroupilha, private institution of teaching funded by german immigrants and descendants in the year of 1886. It was a laic school, that even the advent of the New State sought to preserve the language, the culture and the ?german spirit?. From the establishment of the nationalization politics of the teaching, the institutional ideias clashed with the new government and to continue functioning the school had to prove that it was nationalizing itself. In this context, the school had twice decreed its closure, but managed to survive. We seek to analyze which strategies found by the institution to survive to the estadonovista period by one side proving to the governmental organs that it was nationalizing itself, yet by other finding resistance strategies to not leave totally aside it?s german characteristics. Considering the school and the nationalization campaign as a field both educational and political, the study is inscribed in the theoretical-methodological assumptions of the Cultural History of the Political, Conceptual History of the Political and History of Education. Are emphasized the relations of power and the forms that the estadonovistas policies are received by the school community. It was given emphasis to the phenomenon of the resistance as historiographic political concept starting from the contributions of Vin?cius Liebel, Pierre Laborie, Denise Rollemberg, Jacques S?melin, Gene Sharp, Michel de Certeau, Michel Foucault e P?erre Ansart. It was privileged the analysis of two correspondences that reunite messages exchanged between, estadual and federal authorities and the school, as the internal mailing exchanged inside the school environment.As complementary sources, stood out the reports of inspection, mailing of the school council, school periodics, the memorialistic book of the school and interviews with former students. The comparative of the official correspondence with the internal documentation of the institution allowed to perceive that the institution did not accepted the governmental determinations in a passive manner, crossing this period with an ambiguous posture, sometimes adhering, other fighting the regime and sometimes resisting. Therefore, the school ?nationalized? itself, however the process also counted with resistance tactics an issue that deserves highlight and that it is little analyzed in the historiography estadonovista. We considerate the resistance to the policies of nationalization of the teaching as a micro resistance of the New Estate, because despite the effort of the school in demonstrate that it was adhering to the new regime, it contribute to that it didn't perform fully its objectives of homogenize the population. Even that discreetly, elements of the German culture continue to be preserved and many of its former students and descendants cultivated the German language until today. The analysis of the case of the Gin?sio Teuto-Brasileiro Farroupilha also allows to comprehend the process of nationalization in general form, considering that the gray area, the repression and the constant vigilance that was not a prerogative exclusive of this institution. / A presente disserta??o investiga a pol?tica de nacionaliza??o do ensino do per?odo estadonovista a partir do caso do Gin?sio Teuto-Brasileiro Farroupilha, institui??o privada de ensino fundada por imigrantes alem?es e descendentes no ano de 1886. Tratava-se de uma escola laica, que at? o advento do Estado Novo buscava preservar a l?ngua, a cultura e o ?esp?rito alem?o?. A partir do estabelecimento da pol?tica da nacionaliza??o do ensino, os ideais institucionais entraram em choque com do novo governo e para continuar em funcionamento a escola precisou provar que estava se nacionalizando. Nesse contexto, a escola teve duas vezes decretado seu fechamento, mas conseguiu sobreviver. Procuramos analisar quais as estrat?gias encontradas pela institui??o para sobreviver ao per?odo estadonovista por um lado comprovando para os ?rg?os governamentais que estava se nacionalizando, mas por outro encontrando estrat?gias de resist?ncia para n?o deixar totalmente de lado suas caracter?sticas germ?nicas. Considerando a escola e a campanha de nacionaliza??o como um campo tanto educacional quanto pol?tico, o estudo inscreve-se nos pressupostos te?rico-metodol?gicos da Hist?ria Cultural do Pol?tico, Hist?ria Conceitual do Pol?tico e Hist?ria da Educa??o. S?o enfatizadas as rela??es de poder e as formas como as pol?ticas estadonovistas s?o recebidas pela comunidade escolar. Deu-se destaque ao fen?meno da resist?ncia como conceito pol?tico historiogr?fico a partir das contribui??es de Vin?cius Liebel, Pierre Laborie, Denise Rollemberg, Jacques S?melin, Gene Sharp, Michel de Certeau, Michel Foucault e Pierre Ansart. Privilegiou-se a an?lise de dois tomos de correspond?ncia que re?nem mensagens trocadas entre as autoridades estaduais, federais e o col?gio, assim como cartas internas trocadas dentro do ambiente escolar. Como fontes suplementares, destacam-se relat?rios de inspe??o, correspond?ncias do conselho escolar, peri?dicos escolares, o livro memorial?stico da escola e entrevistas realizadas com ex-estudantes. A compara??o das correspond?ncias oficiais com a documenta??o interna da institui??o permitiu perceber que a institui??o n?o aceitou as determina??es governamentais de forma passiva, atravessando esse per?odo com uma postura amb?gua, por vezes aderindo, outras enfrentando o regime e algumas vezes resistindo. Assim, a escola se ?nacionalizou?, mas o processo tamb?m contou com t?ticas de resist?ncias, quest?o que merece destaque e que ainda ? pouco analisada na historiografia estadonovista. Consideramos a resist?ncia ? pol?tica de nacionaliza??o do ensino como uma microrresist?ncia do Estado Novo, pois apesar do esfor?o da escola em demonstrar ades?o ao novo regime, ela contribuiu para que ele n?o realizasse plenamente seus objetivos de homogeneizar a popula??o. Ainda que de forma discreta, elementos da cultura germ?nica continuaram sendo preservados e muitos de seus ex-alunos e descendentes cultivam a l?ngua germ?nica at? hoje. A an?lise do caso do Gin?sio Teuto-Brasileiro Farroupilha tamb?m permite compreender o processo de nacionaliza??o de maneira geral, considerando que a zona cinzenta, a repress?o e a constante vigil?ncia n?o foi uma prerrogativa exclusiva dessa institui??o.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-09T13:27:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALMIR_JOSE_HENKES_TES.pdf: 9938064 bytes, checksum: 8470f9a982c6e56ac07eef34336431ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-13T11:52:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ALMIR_JOSE_HENKES_TES.pdf: 9938064 bytes, checksum: 8470f9a982c6e56ac07eef34336431ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T12:00:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALMIR_JOSE_HENKES_TES.pdf: 9938064 bytes, checksum: 8470f9a982c6e56ac07eef34336431ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, through the fracture strength testing, the influence of a fiberglass post position position, intracanal or horizontally transfixed, inserted in endodontically treated molars with MOD preparations and restored with composite resin and evaluate the fracture pattern after the mechanical test; and evaluate, through the fracture strength testing, the influence of a horizontally transfixed fiberglass post, inserted in endodontically treated molars with MOD cavity preparation and restored with Bulk Fill resins and to evaluate the fracture pattern after the mechanical test. In the first test, fifty extracted healthy molars were embedded in acrylic resin and divided into 5 groups (n = 10): G1(H) - sound; G2(CP) - cavity preparation (MOD) + endodontic treatment (E); G3 (R) - (MOD) + E + Z250 composite resin restoration (RS); G4- (RFP) (MOD) + E + fiberglass post into root canal + RS; G5 (FT) - (MOD) + E + fiberglass post horizontally transfixed + R; In the second test, ninety extracted molars were embedded in acrylic resin and divided into 9 groups (n = 10): G1) Sound (H); G2)cavity preparation (MOD); G3) MOD + root canal treatment (E); G4) E + Bulk fil composite resin (BF); G5) E + Bulk fill flow composite resin (BFF) + Z250 composite resin (250); G6) E + Z250; G7) E + transfixed fiberglass post (TP) + Z250 (Z250P); G8)E +TP+BF (BFP); G9) E + TP + BFF + Z250 (BFFP). The MOD cavity preparations were standardized with 2/3 width of the vestibular-lingual distance, with reference to the tip of the respective cusps, and occlusal-gingival depth of 4 mm, remaining 2 mm above the cement-cementum limit. The root canal treatments were performed in all groups, except for H group. Afterwards, the teeth were submitted to the fracture strength testing in a universal testing machine. After the mechanical test, the teeth were visually inspected to classify the fracture type as: pulp chamber floor (non-recoverable) or cusps (recoverable). Means (Newtons) followed by the same letter do not present statistical difference for ANOVA and Tukey?s test (p> 0.05): and for the first test, group (H) 5558N A; (E) 950N C; (R) 1715N C; (FC) 1723N C; (FT) 2621N B. The predominant pattern of fracture was in cusps, and for the second test, it was (H) 3930N a; (MOD) 957.3N d; (E) 611.2N d; (BF) 1103.3N d; (BFF) 978.3N d; (Z250) 1359.8 d; (Z250P) 2525N b; (BFP) 1891.4N bc; (BFFP) 2031.8N bc. The predominant failure mode was in pulp chamber floor (52.5%). The use of a horizontally transfixed fiberglass post (FT) in the first test showed the best fracture resistance recovery compared to the (E) group. The use of a fiberglass post into root canal, statistically, did not promote higher resistance to fracture (1723N) compared to the group restored with composite resin only (1715N). In the second test, Inserting a fiberglass post horizontally in molars endodontically treated and restoring with composite resins, Bulk Fill or conventional Z250, allowed higher fracture resistance than groups restored without post. The use of a fiberglass post decreased the occurrence of pulpal chamber floor fractures in endodontically treated molars. / Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar, in vitro, atrav?s do ensaio de resist?ncia ? fratura, a influ?ncia do posicionamento do pino de fibra de vidro, intracanal ou transfixado horizontalmente, inserido em molares endodonticamente tratados com preparos MOD e restaurados com resina composta, e avaliar o padr?o de fratura ap?s o ensaio mec?nico; e avaliar, in vitro, atrav?s do ensaio de resist?ncia ? fratura, a influ?ncia do pino de fibra de vidro transfixado horizontalmente, inserido em molares endodonticamente tratados com preparos MOD e restaurados com resinas Bulk Fill, e avaliar o padr?o de fratura ap?s o ensaio mec?nico. No primeiro ensaio, cinquenta molares h?gidos extra?dos foram embutidos em resina acr?lica e divididos em 5 grupos (n=10): h?gidos (H); preparo cavit?rio (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico (E); preparo cavit?rio (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico + restaura??o com resina composta Z250 (R); preparo cavit?rio (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico + pino de fibra vidro no conduto + restaura??o com resina composta Z250 (FC); preparo cavit?rio (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico pino de fibra vidro transfixado + restaura??o com resina composta Z250 (FT). No segundo ensaio, noventa molares h?gidos extra?dos foram inclu?dos em resina acr?lica e divididos em 9 grupos (n=10): G1) H?gidos (H); G2) preparo cavit?rio MOD (MOD); G3) (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico (E); G4) E + restaura??o com resina Bulk fil (BF); G5) E + Bulk fill Flow + Z250 (BFF); G6) preparo cavit?rio (MOD) + tratamento endod?ntico + restaura??o com resina composta Z250 (Z250); G7) E + pino de vidro transfixado (TP) + Z250 (Z250P); G8) E+ TP + Bulk fill (BFP); G9) E+ TP + Bulk fill Flow + Z250 (BFFP). Os preparos cavit?rios MOD foram padronizados com largura de 2/3 da dist?ncia vest?bulo-lingual, tendo como refer?ncia a ponta das respectivas c?spides, e profundidade ocluso-gengival de 4mm, permanecendo 2mm acima do limite amelocement?rio. Foram realizados tratamentos endod?nticos em todos os grupos, exceto para o grupo dos dentes h?gidos. Ap?s, os dentes foram submetidos ao ensaio de resist?ncia ? fratura em uma m?quina de ensaio universal. Ap?s realiza??o dos ensaios, os dentes foram inspecionados quanto ao tipo de fratura e classificados em: fratura em assoalho pulpar (n?o recuper?vel) ou c?spide (recuper?vel). M?dias seguidas de mesma letra n?o apresentam diferen?a estat?stica para ANOVA e Tukey (p>0,05): sendo para o primeiro ensaio, grupo (H) 5558NA; (E) 950NC; (R) 1715NC; (FC) 1723NC; (FT) 2621NB. O padr?o predominante de fratura foi em c?spide, e para o segundo ensaio, foi (H) 3930Na; (MOD) 957,3Nd; (E) 611,2Nd; (BF)1103,3Nd; (BFF)978,3Nd;(Z250)1359,8d;(Z250P)2525Nb;(BFP)1891,4Nbc;(BFFP) 2031,8Nbc. O padr?o de falha de fratura foi de 52,5% em assoalho da c?mara pulpar. A utiliza??o de um pino de fibra de vidro transfixado horizontalmente (FT) no primeiro ensaio, apresentou o melhor resultado de recupera??o da resist?ncia ? fratura comparado ao grupo (E). A utiliza??o de um pino de fibra de vidro no conduto, estatisticamente, n?o obteve maior resist?ncia ? fratura (1723N) comparado com o grupo restaurado somente com resina composta, (1715N). No segundo ensaio, um pino de fibra de vidro transfixado horizontalmente em cavidades MOD com endodontia e restaurar com resinas compostas Bulk Fill ou convencional Z250, permitiu maiores valores de resist?ncia ? fratura quando comparados ? n?o utiliza??o do pino. O uso do pino de fibra de vidro diminuiu a ocorr?ncia de fraturas de assoalho da c?mara pulpar em molares tratados endodonticamente e restaurados com resinas compostas do tipo Bulk Fill e convencional.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-09T13:09:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA_BORGUETTI_MANFROI_TES.pdf: 2715505 bytes, checksum: 81352bd5d757e75e046659bb79849f86 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-12T12:58:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA_BORGUETTI_MANFROI_TES.pdf: 2715505 bytes, checksum: 81352bd5d757e75e046659bb79849f86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-12T13:06:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA_BORGUETTI_MANFROI_TES.pdf: 2715505 bytes, checksum: 81352bd5d757e75e046659bb79849f86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / (Artigo 1 - Efeito dos ciclos de pH na resist?ncia de uni?o de diferentes sistemas adesivos ? dentina) Purpose: To verify the influence of the pH cycles on the microtensile bond strength (?TBS) to dentin of three adhesive systems compared to the immediate ?TBS and after storage in artificial saliva for 6 months. Materials and methods: The occlusal surface of 32 sound third molar teeth was removed to obtain a flat dentin surface. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n=8/group): G1 - Single Bond Universal in the total-etch mode; G2 ? Single Bond Universal in the self-etch mode; G3 ? Scotchbond Multi Purpose (totaletch mode control); G4 ? Clearfil SE Bond (self-etch mode control). A block of composite with 6 mm height was built on the adhesive area. After 24 h of storage in distilled water at 37?C, the tooth/resin sets were cut parallel to the long axis of the tooth, in the x and y directions, with a section of approximately 0.8 mm2 . Fifty-two specimens were obtained for each group, of which 26 were submitted to pH cycles and the other 26 were stored in artificial saliva for 6 months. Subsequently, the specimens were submitted to a ?TBS test in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. For the immediate evaluation (24 h), results previously obtained were used for this study. Results: According to the two-way ANOVA test, the interaction between the factors (p=0.0001) was significant. There was no significant difference in the immediate ?TBS between the adhesive systems. After 4 cycles of pH and 6 months of storage in artificial saliva, there was a significant decrease in ?TBS for all adhesive systems. The failures were predominantly mixed. Conclusion: The pH cycles and the storage in artificial saliva for 6 months were detrimental to the stability of the bonding interface. (Artigo 2 - Efeito dos ciclos de pH na nanoinfiltra??o de diferentes sistemas adesivos ? dentina) Purpose: To verify the influence of the pH cycles on the nanoleakage in the dentin-adhesive interface of three adhesive systems compared to the immediate nanoleakage and after storage in artificial saliva for 6 months. Materials and methods: The occlusal surface of 24 sound third molar teeth was removed to obtain a flat dentin surface. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n=6/group): G1 ? Single Bond Universal in the total-etch mode; G2 ? Single Bond Universal in the self-etch mode; G3 ? Scotchbond Multi Purpose (total-etch mode control); G4 ? Clearfil SE Bond (self-etch mode control). A block of composite with 6 mm height was built on the adhesive area. After 24 h of storage in distilled water at 37?C, the tooth/resin sets were cut parallel to the long axis of the tooth to obtain slices with a thickness of approximately 1.0 mm. Three slices of the central region of each tooth were obtained. One slice was submitted to pH cycles, and one slice was stored in artificial saliva for 6 months. The nanoleakage methodology was applied. Images of the dentin-adhesive interfaces were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (2000x), and the images were analyzed in the ImageJ program to evaluate the percentage of nanoleakage area (%N). Results: According to the two-way ANOVA test, the interaction between the factors (adhesive system x storage) (p=0.0001) was significant. There was no significant difference in the %N between the adhesive systems at 24 h. After the pH cycles, the adhesive systems applied in the self-etch mode obtained lower %N, differing significantly from total-etch adhesives. After 6 months in artificial saliva, there was lower %N compared to pH cycles, and the lowest %N occurred in self-etch adhesives. Conclusion: The pH cycles caused higher nanoleakage than storage in artificial saliva for 6 months. The self-etch adhesive systems had lower nanoleakage after pH cycles and storage in artificial saliva for 6 months in relation to total-etch adhesive systems. / (Artigo 1 - Efeito dos ciclos de pH na resist?ncia de uni?o de diferentes sistemas adesivos ? dentina) Objetivo: Verificar a influ?ncia dos ciclos de pH nos valores de resist?ncia de uni?o ? microtra??o (R?T) ? dentina de tr?s sistemas adesivos em compara??o com a R?T imediata e ap?s armazenamento em saliva artificial pelo per?odo de 6 meses. Materiais e m?todos: A superf?cie oclusal de 32 dentes terceiros molares h?gidos foi removida para obter superf?cie plana em dentina, sendo divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (n=8/grupo): G1 ? Single Bond Universal na vers?o total-etch; G2 ? Single Bond Universal na vers?o self-etch; G3 ? Scotchbond Multi Purpose (controle da vers?o total-etch); G4 ? Clearfil SE Bond (controle da vers?o self-etch). Sobre o sistema adesivo foi confeccionado um bloco de 6 mm de altura em resina composta. Ap?s 24 h de armazenagem em ?gua destilada a 37?C, os conjuntos dente/resina foram cortados paralelamente no longo eixo do dente, nos sentidos x e y, com sec??o de aproximadamente 0,8 mm2 . Cinquenta e dois corpos de prova foram obtidos, em m?dia, para cada grupo, sendo 26 submetidos aos ciclos de pH, e os outros 26 ao armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses. Na sequ?ncia, os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao teste de microtra??o em m?quina de ensaio universal EMIC DL-2000, com uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os tipos de falha foram observados em microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Para a avalia??o imediata (24 h) foram utilizados resultados obtidos previamente a este estudo. Resultados: De acordo com o teste ANOVA de duas vias a intera??o entre os fatores (p=0,0001) foi significativa. N?o houve diferen?a estat?stica na R?T imediata entre os sistemas adesivos. Ap?s os 4 ciclos de pH e 6 meses de armazenamento em saliva artificial houve redu??o significativa das m?dias de R?T para todos os sistemas adesivos. As falhas foram predominantemente mistas. Conclus?o: Os ciclos de pH e o armazenamento em saliva artificial durante 6 meses prejudicaram a estabilidade da interface de uni?o. (Artigo 2 - Efeito dos ciclos de pH na nanoinfiltra??o de diferentes sistemas adesivos ? dentina) Objetivo: Verificar a influ?ncia dos ciclos de pH na nanoinfiltra??o da interface dentina-adesivo de tr?s sistemas adesivos em compara??o com a nanoinfiltra??o imediata e ap?s armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses. Materiais e m?todos: A superf?cie oclusal de 24 dentes terceiros molares h?gidos foi removida para obter superf?cie plana em dentina, sendo divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (n=6/grupo): G1 ?Single Bond Universal na vers?o total-etch; G2 ? Single Bond Universal na vers?o self-etch; G3 ? Scotchbond Multi Purpose (controle da vers?o total-etch); G4 ? Clearfil SE Bond (controle da vers?o self-etch). Sobre o sistema adesivo foi confeccionado um bloco de 6 mm de altura em resina composta. Ap?s 24 h de armazenagem em ?gua destilada a 37?C, os conjuntos dente/resina foram cortados paralelamente no longo eixo do dente, resultando em fatias, com espessura de aproximadamente 1,0 mm. Tr?s fatias da regi?o central de cada dente foram obtidas, sendo uma fatia submetida aos ciclos de pH, e uma fatia armazenada em saliva artificial por 6 meses. Na sequ?ncia foi aplicada a metodologia de nanoinfiltra??o. Imagens das interfaces dentina-adesivo foram obtidas por meio de microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (2000x), sendo as imagens analisadas no programa ImageJ para avaliar a porcentagem de ?rea de nanoinfiltra??o (%N). Resultados: De acordo com o teste ANOVA de duas vias, a intera??o dos fatores (sistema adesivo x armazenamento) foi significativa (p=0,0001). N?o houve diferen?a estat?stica na %N entre os sistemas adesivos na avalia??o em 24 h. Ap?s os ciclos de pH os sistemas adesivos aplicados de maneira self-etch obtiveram menor %N, diferindo estatisticamente dos adesivos total-etch. Ap?s 6 meses em saliva artificial, houve menor %N comparado aos ciclos de pH, e as menores %N ocorreram nos adesivos self-etch. Conclus?o: Os ciclos de pH causaram maior nanoinfiltra??o do que o armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses. Os sistemas adesivos aplicados de maneira selfetch tiveram menor nanoinfiltra??o ap?s os ciclos de pH e armazenamento em saliva artificial por 6 meses em rela??o aos sistemas adesivos total-etch.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-15T15:35:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 P?MELLA_TOMAZI_GODOY_DE_OLIVEIRA_DIS.pdf: 1304084 bytes, checksum: caf3b44234731105c91e07d645c0f956 (MD5) / Rejected by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br), reason: Devolvido porque o sum?rio do pdf est? desconfigurado. on 2018-03-28T11:41:16Z (GMT) / Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-25T13:25:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 P?MELLA_TOMAZI_GODOY_DE_OLIVEIRA_DIS.pdf: 1304084 bytes, checksum: caf3b44234731105c91e07d645c0f956 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-11T16:26:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 P?MELLA_TOMAZI_GODOY_DE_OLIVEIRA_DIS.pdf: 1304084 bytes, checksum: caf3b44234731105c91e07d645c0f956 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T16:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 P?MELLA_TOMAZI_GODOY_DE_OLIVEIRA_DIS.pdf: 1304084 bytes, checksum: caf3b44234731105c91e07d645c0f956 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-25 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Aims: to evaluate in vitro the fracture strength and failure pattern of endocrown restorations performed with Incoris TZI ceramics, Celta Duo and Empress CAD cemented on endodontically treated molars. Materials and methods: forty extracted sound molars were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n = 10). After being endodontically treated, they were restored with endocrowns carried out through the CEREC system with three different materials: Empress CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent), Celta Duo (Dentsply/Sirona) or Incoris TZI (Dentsply/Sirona). After, they were subjected to mechanical fatigue testing with vertical load application of 200N, totalling 500,000 cycles. Subsequently, the samples were submitted to the maximum fracture load under compressive force on the long axis of the tooth at cross-head speed of 1mm/min.. After the fracture strength testing the fracture patterns were evaluated being classified as repairable (cusps) or irreparable (pulp chamber floor rupture). Results: Sound: 4306Na ? 716.5; Incoris TZI: 3770NAb ? 846; Empress CAD: 1994Nc ? 498.5; Celta Duo: 3298Nb ? 1121. The Incoris TZI and Celta Duo presented the same proportion of irreparable fractures, 60%. The Empress Cad presented the same proportion for the repairable and irreparable fractures (50%). Conclusion: The Incoris TZI presented higher fracture strength, followed by Celta Duo, but did not differ statistically. In turn, the Empress CAD differed statistically from the others presenting lower fracture strength. The Incoris TZI and Celta Duo presented the same prognosis of failures with predominance of irreparable failures. / Objetivos: avaliar in vitro a resist?ncia ? fratura e o padr?o de falha de restaura??es endocrown realizadas com as cer?micas inCoris TZI, Celtra Duo e Empress CAD cimentadas sobre molares tratados endodonticamente. Materiais e m?todos: quarenta dentes molares h?gidos extra?dos foram distribu?dos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10). Ap?s serem endodonticamente tratados, foram restaurados com endocrowns realizadas atrav?s do sistema CEREC/InLab (Sirona) com tr?s diferentes materiais: Empress CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent), Celtra Duo (Dentsply/Sirona) ou inCoris TZI (Dentsply/Sirona). Ap?s, foram submetidos ? fadiga mec?nica com aplica??o de carga vertical de 200N, totalizando 500.000 ciclos. Posteriormente, foi testada a carga m?xima de fratura com for?a compressiva no longo eixo do dente sob velocidade de 1mm/min.. Ap?s o ensaio foram avaliados os padr?es de fratura e classificados em repar?veis (c?spides) ou irrepar?veis (assoalho da c?mara pulpar). Resultados: H?gidos: 4306Na ? 716,5; inCoris TZI: 3770Nab ? 846; Empress CAD:1994Nc ? 498,5; Celtra Duo: 3298Nb ? 1121. O grupo inCoris TZI e Celtra Duo apresentaram a mesma propor??o de fraturas irrepar?veis, 60%. O grupo Empress Cad apresentou a mesma propor??o para as fraturas repar?veis e irrepar?veis (50%). Conclus?o: O grupo inCoris TZI apresentou maior resist?ncia ? fratura, seguido do grupo Celtra Duo, mas n?o diferiram estatisticamente. Por sua vez, a cer?mica Empress CAD diferiu estatisticamente das demais apresentando menor valor de resist?ncia ? fratura. O grupo Incoris TZI e Celtra Duo apresentaram o mesmo progn?stico de falhas com predomin?ncia de falhas irrepar?veis.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-10-31T21:23:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o UEFS Gl?yce de Oliveira.pdf: 2259088 bytes, checksum: 5da18e0a3c0cbe95bc5ed310b3a4d0b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-31T21:23:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o UEFS Gl?yce de Oliveira.pdf: 2259088 bytes, checksum: 5da18e0a3c0cbe95bc5ed310b3a4d0b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Brazilian onion cultivation has significant commercial importance and strong social connotation, because it involves small farmers, most of them belonging to the family nucleus. In the Northeast of Brazil, its cultivation is carried out during the entire year, generating around 60 thousand direct and indirect jobs. Onion crops are vulnerable to diseases and pests, such as Thrips tabaci, major pest affecting these crops, causing damages above 50%. The species Allium cepa presents wide phenotypic variability, allowing the creation of new cultivars for various conditions and requirements. This study aimed to evaluate onion accessions regarding its resistance to T. tabaci, in order to enable the development of cultivars that are resistent to this pest. The experiments were conducted in randomized block design with three replications on the experimental fields at Embrapa Semi?rido, situated in the municipalities of Petrolina/PE and Juazeiro/BA. The results achieved concerning the degree of infestation (DI) in percentage for nymphs and adults were transformed into arc sine of the square root for statistical analysis. Plant architecture traits, bulb productivity and estimated simple correlations among all variables were also evaluated. Five evaluations of thrips populations were carried out after transplanting, each one after seven days. Statistical differences were observed for a number of adults to different evaluations, while the number of nymphs showed no statistical differences. The largest average productions of commercial bulbs were observed for the TX08, IPA 11, Alfa SF C-IX, IPA 10 and Sirius F1 acessions while the Red Creole, Creole Mercosur and Conquest acessions had the lowest productions. The commercial productivity of bulbs had simple negative correlations with nymph DIs in the five phases of evaluations and adult GIs within 22 (n22a) days. Negative correlations between productivity of commercial bulbs x central angle of the plant were observed, indicating that plants with higher bulb production have lower angle on the central leaves. The results of the study show that the resistance mechanism is antixenosis associated with the tolerance mechanism. / A cebolicultura brasileira tem grande import?ncia comercial e tem forte conota??o social, por envolver pequenos produtores rurais, a maioria de n?cleo familiar. No Nordeste brasileiro o cultivo ? realizado durante todo o ano, gerando cerca de 60 mil empregos diretos e indiretos. A cultura da cebola ? vulner?vel a doen?as e pragas, sendo o Thrips tabaci a principal praga da cebola, podendo provocar preju?zos superiores a 50%. A esp?cie Allium cepa apresenta ampla variabilidade fenot?pica, o qual possibilita a cria??o de novas cultivares para diversas condi??es e necessidades. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar acessos de cebola quanto a resist?ncia ao T. tabaci para possibilitar o desenvolvimento de cultivares resistentes a essa praga. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em blocos casualizados, com tr?s repeti??es, nos campos experimentais da Embrapa Semi?rido, situados nos munic?pios de Petrolina/PE e Juazeiro/BA. Os resultados obtidos do grau de infesta??o (GI) em porcentagem (%) para ninfas e adultos foram transformados para arco seno da raiz quadrada para an?lise estat?stica. Foram ainda avaliados caracteres da arquitetura da planta e sua produtividade de bulbos e estimadas correla??es simples entre todas vari?veis. Foram realizadas cinco avalia??es para popula??es de tripes ap?s o transplantio, a cada sete dias. Foram observadas diferen?as estat?sticas para o n?mero de adultos do tripes para as diferentes avalia??es, enquanto o numero de ninfas do tripes n?o apresentou diferen?as estat?sticas. As maiores produtividades m?dias de bulbos comerciais foram observadas para os acessos TX08, IPA 11, Alfa SF C-IX, IPA 10 e Sirius F1, enquanto os acessos Red Creole, Crioula Mercosul e Conquista apresentaram as menores produ??es de bulbos. A produtividade comercial de bulbos apresentou correla??es simples negativas com GIs de ninfas nas cinco fases das avalia??es e com GIs de adultos aos 22 (n22a) dias. Foram observadas correla??es negativas entre produtividade de bulbos comerciais x ?ngulo central da planta indicando que plantas com maior produ??o de bulbos apresentam menor ?ngulo nas folhas centrais. Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que o mecanismo de resist?ncia ? a antixenose, associado com o mecanismo da toler?ncia.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:51:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 439219.pdf: 722099 bytes, checksum: 87b93549e65018c129416830692d4bfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important opportunistic and emerging pathogen commonly related to nosocomial infections and found in different environmental sources, including hospital settings. This microorganism is recognized for presenting intrinsic resistance to a range of important antimicrobials as well as to acquire resistance by horizontal gene transfer, which reduces the effective options for the treatment of infections caused by this organism. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of S. maltophilia in the nosocomial environment and characterize the resistance of the environmental isolates, as well as clinical isolates obtained in the same hospital. Then, environmental samples were collected in the general ICU and the Unified Health System hospitalization unit of the S?o Lucas Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil. In addition, 100 clinical isolates were sent by the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the same hospital. All samples were analyzed using a specific protocol for S. maltophilia detection by PCR developed in this study targeting 23S rRNA gene. Subsequently, the antimicrobial resistance was evaluated against ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin, minociclin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). The presence of integrons was verified in all isolates and those that presented reduced susceptibility to TMP/SMX was evaluated the presence of sul1 and sul2 gene, as well as was determined the plasmid profile. All isolates were submitted to detection of smf-1 gene. Among the 936 samples collected in the nosocomial environment, S. maltophilia was identified in 28. High rates of susceptibility to minocycline, levofloxacin and chloramphenicol were observed, and all of the 19 isolates that presented reduced susceptibility to TMP/SMX carried the sul1 gene, 14 of them presented class 1 integron and nine isolates showed simultaneously sul1 and sul2. All isolates that carried the sul2 gene also presented the 7.3 kb plasmid. The smf-1 gene was detected in 31 S. maltophilia isolates. The presence of S. maltophilia in hospital environment and medical devices indicates the permanence of this microorganism in the nosocomial environment, what can constitute a risk to infection for other hospitalized patients. In addition, the data obtained in this study in relation to TMP/SMX susceptibility can suggest that the resistance to these drugs have the tendency to increase, especially due to resistance determinants to these drugs can be associated to mobile genetic elements, which may facilitate horizontal transfer and the spread of these resistance genes. / Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ? um importante pat?geno oportunista e emergente, comumente relacionado a infec??es nosocomiais e encontrado em diferentes locais, incluindo o ambiente hospitalar. Este microrganismo ? reconhecido por apresentar resist?ncia intr?nseca a uma gama importante de antimicrobianos, bem como por adquirir resist?ncia atrav?s de transfer?ncia g?nica horizontal, o que reduz as op??es efetivas para o tratamento de infec??es ocasionadas por este microrganismo. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a presen?a de S. maltophilia no ambiente hospitalar e caracterizar a resist?ncia a drogas antimicrobianas dos isolados ambientais, bem como dos isolados cl?nicos obtidos no mesmo hospital. Para tanto, amostras ambientais foram coletadas na UTI Geral e no andar referente ? interna??o pelo Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS) do Hospital S?o Lucas, Porto Alegre, Brasil. Al?m disso, 100 isolados cl?nicos foram cedidos pelo Laborat?rio de Patologia Cl?nica do mesmo hospital. Todas as amostras foram analisadas utilizando um protocolo de detec??o espec?fica de S. maltophilia atrav?s de PCR desenvolvido neste estudo, tendo o gene RNAr 23S como alvo. Posteriormente, foi avaliada a resist?ncia dos isolados frente ? ceftazidima, cloranfenicol, levofloxacina, minociclina e trimetoprim/sulfametoxazol (TMP/SMX). A presen?a de integrons foi verificada em todos os isolados e naqueles com suscetibilidade reduzida a TMP/SMX foi avaliada a presen?a dos genes sul1 e sul2, bem como foi determinado o perfil plasmidial. Todos os isolados foram submetidos ? detec??o do gene smf-1. De um total de 936 amostras coletadas no ambiente hospitalar, S. maltophilia foi identificada em 28. Foram observadas elevadas taxas de suscetibilidade ? minociclina, levofloxacina e cloranfenicol e todos os 19 isolados que apresentaram suscetibilidade reduzida ? combina??o TMP/SMX carrearam o gene sul1, 14 destes apresentaram o integron de classe 1 e nove isolados apresentaram concomitantemente os genes sul1 e sul2. Todos os isolados que carrearam o gene sul2 apresentaram o plasm?deo de 7,3 kb. O gene smf-1 foi detectado em 31 isolados de S. maltophilia. A presen?a de S. maltophilia nos materiais e equipamentos hospitalares indica a perman?ncia destas bact?rias no ambiente hospitalar, podendo constituir risco para infec??o de outros pacientes internados. Al?m disso, os dados obtidos neste estudo em rela??o ? suscetibilidade ? TMP/SMX podem sugerir que a resist?ncia a esta combina??o de drogas possa estar em ascens?o, especialmente porque os determinantes de resist?ncia a estas drogas podem estar associados a elementos gen?ticos m?veis, o que facilitaria a transfer?ncia horizontal e a dissemina??o destes genes de resist?ncia.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-07-22T14:09:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 472531 - Texto Completo.pdf: 4997837 bytes, checksum: 1590f79ac735e6692cd0c7dd643ff084 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T14:09:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 472531 - Texto Completo.pdf: 4997837 bytes, checksum: 1590f79ac735e6692cd0c7dd643ff084 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The present study aims to evaluate the wear resistance of two different materials (SAE 1045 steels and SAE 52100) in different microstructure conditions without lubrification and using biodiesel (B100), biodiesel-diesel blend (B50) and commercial diesel fuel (B7). Two samples of each material were subjected to hardening heat treatment of quenching (temperature: 850 ?C and cooled in water in SAE 1045 samples and temperature: 830?C cooled in oil in SAE 52100 steel samples) followed by tempering (300?C in samples of SAE 1045 steel and 100?C and 200?C in SAE 52100 steel samples to 100 ? C). It was obtained samples with four different hardness and different microstructure conditions (tempered martensite in steel SAE 1045 and tempered martensite with Chromium Carbide in steel SAE 52100). The experiments will be conducted in a pin-on-disk tribometer, with rotation of 300 RPM, 1,5kg load and 4400 m distance covered, according to the recommendations of ASTM G99-04, followed by the wear track surface hardness measurement and evolution of the samples wear surface with a Scanning Electron Microscope. At the end of the trials, there was a variation of wear resistance between different materials, different microstructures and different lubricants applied in the test. The results showed a tendency to decrease in wear tests with B100 biodiesel lubrication. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a resist?ncia ao desgaste de dois diferentes materiais (tr?s amostras de SAE 1045 e tr?s amostras de a?o SAE 52100) em diferentes condi??es microestruturais, sem lubrifica??o e com lubrifica??o (utilizando biodiesel B100, ?leo diesel B50 e ?leo diesel comercial B7). Duas amostras de cada material foram submetidas a tratamento t?rmico de t?mpera (850?C resfriado em ?gua nas amostras de SAE 1045 e 830?C resfriado em ?leo nas amostras de a?o SAE 52100) seguida de revenimento (100?C e 300?C nas amostras de SAE 1045 e 100?C e 200?C nas amostras de a?o SAE 52100). Assim, foram obtidas amostras com quatro durezas diferentes e diferentes condi??es microestruturais (martensita revenida no a?o SAE 1045 e martensita revenida com uma terceira fase prioritariamente de carbeto de cromo no a?o SAE 52100). Os ensaios foram realizados em um trib?metro do tipo pino-sobre-disco, com rota??o de 300 RPM, 1,5kg de carga e 4400m de dist?ncia percorrida, seguindo as recomenda??es da norma ASTM G99?04, medi??o da microdureza superficial da pista de desgaste e avalia??o da superf?cie desgastada das amostras com um Microsc?pio Eletr?nico de Varredura (MEV). Ao final dos ensaios, observou-se a varia??o da resist?ncia ao desgaste entre os diferentes materiais, diferentes microestruturas e diferentes lubrificantes aplicados no ensaio. Os resultados indicaram uma tend?ncia de diminui??o de desgaste nos ensaios realizados com lubrifica??o de biodiesel B100.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-12-08T16:24:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476571 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1876137 bytes, checksum: 9fe390eadadb7a4c4bb1e5c4f411b37c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-08T16:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476571 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1876137 bytes, checksum: 9fe390eadadb7a4c4bb1e5c4f411b37c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-13 / This study evaluates the electrochemical anodization process parameters in the formation of titanium nanotubes on titanium sheets in order to determine their implications on the morphology of the tubes and the film/substrate adhesion. The evaluated parameters were the anodization time, applied potential, water content in the electrolyte and the electrolyte stirring (ultrasound bath and magnetic agitation) in an ethylene glycol electrolyte with addition of ammonium fluoride. The obtained results were compared to those obtained from the anodization in an aqueous acid electrolyte (mixed solution of hydrofluoric and phosphoric acid). Analyzes using scanning and transmission electron microscopy were performed for the morphological characterization of the samples. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was used to determine the composition and density profile of the different oxide layers formed. Tensile tests (pull out) were used in order to determine the adhesion of the titanium nanotubes to the substrate. The results showed that it is possible to form titanium nanotubes with various morphologies by changing the parameters of the electrolytic process. The average adhesive tension of nanotubes ranged from 2,82 ? 0,27 Mpa to 5,18 ? 3,61 MPa, however, it was not possible to observe a direct relationship between the morphologies formed and the obtained adhesive tension values. / No presente trabalho, foram estudados os par?metros do processo de anodiza??o eletroqu?mica para forma??o de nanotubos de tit?nio (NTT) sobre chapas de tit?nio a fim de determinar suas implica??es na morfologia dos tubos e na ades?o NTT/substrato. Os par?metros avaliados foram o tempo de anodiza??o, a tens?o de trabalho, o teor de ?gua no eletr?lito e o tipo de agita??o do eletr?lito (banho de ultrassom e magn?tica) usando um eletr?lito org?nico de etilenoglicol com adi??o de fluoreto de am?nia. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os de anodiza??es feitas em eletr?lito aquoso ?cido (mistura de ?cido fluor?drico com ?cido fosf?rico). Para a caracteriza??o morfol?gica das amostras, foram realizadas an?lises de microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (FEGMEV) e de transmiss?o (MET). Para a determina??o de um perfil de composi??o e densidade das diferentes camadas ?xidas formadas foi utilizada espectrometria de retroespalhamento Rutheford (RBS). Para determinar a ades?o dos NTT ao substrato de tit?nio foram utilizados testes de tra??o (pull out). Os resultados mostraram que ? poss?vel crescer NTT com diversas morfologias a partir das altera??es dos par?metros do processo eletrol?tico. As m?dias da tens?o adesiva dos NTT ao Ti apresentaram valores variando entre 2,82 ? 0,27 MPa e 5,18 ? 3,61 MPa, contudo n?o foi poss?vel observar uma rela??o direta entre as morfologias formadas e os valores de tens?o de ades?o obtidos.