Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-03-16T13:22:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilaine Alves de Melo.pdf: 641010 bytes, checksum: 2a8032c2676a99782e8fd581d977a950 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-16T13:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilaine Alves de Melo.pdf: 641010 bytes, checksum: 2a8032c2676a99782e8fd581d977a950 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-27 / The bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli is one of the most severe diseases of melon (Cucumis melo), and a major problem in the Northeast, the main melon producing region of Brazil. Strategies for control of bacterial blotch include chemical and physical treatments of seeds and chemical sprays of the plant canopy. Since these treatments are not efficient and resistant melon cultivars do not exist, other strategies have been studied, including biological control. Our objectives were to analyze the efficiency of yeasts in the biocontrol of this disease by protecting seedlings and plants, and by treating melon seeds; and to verify the in vitro activity against the pathogen and the growth promotion of melon plants. None of the 60 yeasts inhibited the growth of the pathogen, but the isolates LMA1 (Rhodotorula aurantiaca), LMS (R. glutinis) and CC-2 (Pichia anomala) stood out as the most effective in protecting seedlings. When tested in plants and seeds, LMA1 and CC-2 maintained effectiveness. In plants, the reductions in disease index (ID) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared to the control reach 58.6 and 47.2%, respectively, while seed treatments reduced ID and AUDPC up to 34.3 and 45.5%. These isolates did not promote the growth of melon plants and did not produce killer toxins in vitro. R. aurantiaca (LMA1) and P. anomala (CC-2) were effective in protecting plants and seedlings and for seed treatment of melon. Therefore, the use of these yeasts jointly with other control methods, such as resistant varieties and copper compounds, is important in integrated management of bacterial fruit blotch. / A mancha aquosa causada por Acidovorax citrulli, é uma das doenças mais severas do meloeiro (Cucumis melo) e um dos principais problemas para o Nordeste, a principal região produtora de melão do Brasil. Estratégias para o controle da mancha aquosa incluem tratamentos químicos e físicos das sementes e químico da parte aérea da planta. Uma vez que esses tratamentos não são eficientes e cultivares resistentes de meloeiro inexistem, outras estratégias têm sido investigadas, dentre elas o controle biológico. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar a eficiência de leveduras no biocontrole dessa doença pela proteção de plântulas e plantas e pelo tratamento de sementes de meloeiro, além de verificar a atividade in vitro contra o patógeno e a promoção do crescimento de plantas de meloeiro. Nenhuma das 60 leveduras testadas inibiu o crescimento do patógeno, porém os isolados LMA1 (Rhodotorula aurantiaca), LMS (R. glutinis) e CC-2 (Pichia anomala) destacaram-se como os mais eficientes na proteção de plântulas. Quando testadas em plantas e sementes, LMA1 e CC-2 mantiveram a eficácia. Em plantas, as reduções de índice de doença (ID) e área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) em relação à testemunha foram de até 58,6 e 47,2%, respectivamente, enquanto que o tratamento de sementes reduziu o ID e AACPD em até 34,3 e 45,5%. Esses isolados não promoveram o crescimento do meloeiro e não produziram toxinas killer in vitro. R. aurantiaca (LMA1) e P. anomala (CC-2) foram eficazes na proteção de plântulas e plantas e no tratamento de sementes de meloeiro. Portanto, a utilização dessas leveduras junto a outros métodos de controle, tais como cultivares resistentes e utilização de compostos cúpricos, será importante no manejo integrado da mancha aquosa.

Das MMS stellt eine lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung großwüchsiger Hunde dar. Die ansteigenden Inzidenzzahlen der letzten Jahre, die ungeklärte Ätiologie sowie die hohe Mortalitätsrate rechtfertigen weitere Untersuchungen zu diesem Krankheitskomplex. Daher wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit Mageninhalte (30 Tiere mit MMS / 13 Kontrolltiere) und Blutproben (102 Tiere mit MMS / 116 Kontrolltiere) mikrobiologisch, biochemisch (kurz-kettige Fettsäuren, Amylase, Lipase, Laktat, pH) und immunologisch (BotNt, CRP, Gesamt-immunglobuline, IgA-, IgG- und IgM-Spiegel ausgewählter mikrobieller Antigene) untersucht. Die Untersuchung des Mageninhaltes der Tiere mit MMS erbrachte signifikant gesteigerte Nachweishäufigkeiten für Hefen, hier v.a. von Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Des Weiteren konnten in der Gruppe der Tiere mit MMS signifikant gesteigerte pH-Werte sowie signifikant erhöhte Mengen an Acetat, Butyrat und Gesamtfettsäuren im Vergleich zu den Kontrolltieren festgestellt werden. Die gesteigerte bakterielle Fermentation, die ursächlich mit der Entstehung des MMS zusammenhängen dürfte, ist vermutlich auf ein gesteigertes Vorkommen gasbildender Kokken zurückzuführen. Ein Einfluss von Clostridium perfringens an der Entstehung des MMS lässt sich anhand der ermittelten bakteriologischen Ergebnisse nicht belegen. BotNt haben nach den in der vorliegenden Arbeit gewonnenen Daten keinen Einfluss auf die Entstehung des MMS. Serologisch konnten in der Gruppe der Tiere mit MMS signifikant erhöhte CRP-Spiegel gemessen werden. Das CRP ließ aber keine prognostische Aussage über die Überlebenschancen der Tiere zu. Der erhöhte Gesamtimmunglobulin A-Spiegel, bei signifikant erniedrigtem Gesamtimmunglobulin G-Titer weist auf eine vermehrte Auseinandersetzung mit Antigenen hin, die über die geschädigten Schleimhäute eindringen können. Während der Serumlaktatspiegel eine prognostische Aussage über das Outcome der Tiere erlaubt, erscheint eine Bestimmung der Amylase und Lipase beim MMS nicht sinnvoll. Über einen Fragebogen konnte ein gesteigertes Risiko mit zunehmendem Alter, steigender Futtermenge pro Mahlzeit und niedriger Fütterungsfrequenz ermittelt werden. Eine gesteigerte Freßgeschwindigkeit übt einen tendenziellen Einfluss auf die Ausbildung des MMS aus. Keinen Einfluss dahingegen haben das Geschlecht und der Charakter der Tiere, bestehende gastrointestinale Störungen sowie vorangegangene Antibiotikumgaben.

University, Diss., 2000--Konstanz.

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Biological Sciences. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-03-30T19:00:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTBO.pdf: 1573981 bytes, checksum: e4e97b3faf18cb39cb38dffdf87ccfc6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-04-17T19:48:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTBO.pdf: 1573981 bytes, checksum: e4e97b3faf18cb39cb38dffdf87ccfc6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-04-17T19:49:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTBO.pdf: 1573981 bytes, checksum: e4e97b3faf18cb39cb38dffdf87ccfc6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T20:04:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTBO.pdf: 1573981 bytes, checksum: e4e97b3faf18cb39cb38dffdf87ccfc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-26 / Não recebi financiamento / Microorganisms Plant Growth Promoters (MPCV) have the ability to produce compounds which stimulate plant growth by different mechanisms, such as the production of plant hormones and solubilization of minerals. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of yeast strains as plant growth promoters by producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and phosphate solubilization, and its inoculation of tomato seedlings. Six yeast strains were evaluated belonging to bank microorganisms Agricultural Microbiology and Molecular Laboratory (LAMAM - CCA, UFSCar). For the evaluation of IAA production by isolates the colorimetric method was used, modified DiMenna (1957); for quantification of tricalcium phosphate solubilization was used to colorimetric method of molybdenum blue. The test with tomato seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse with different cell concentrations of T. globosa (5S55) and with or without addition of glucose and tryptophan. The results showed that isolates of T. globosa and Rh. mucilaginosa produced IAA in the presence of tryptophan; the isolates of T. globosa and M. guilliermondii solubilized inorganic phosphate in a liquid medium. The isolate T. globosa (5S55) promoted the growth of tomato seedlings, with significant increases in the length of shoot and root. In conclusion, the isolates of T. globosa, Rh. mucilaginosa and M. guilliermondii have the potential for improving plant production by IAA production and / or phosphate solubilization; the yeast T. globosa (5S55) was shown to promote growth of tomato plants. / Micro-organismos Promotores de Crescimento Vegetal (MPCV) apresentam a habilidade de produzir compostos que estimulam o desenvolvimento das plantas por meio de diferentes mecanismos, como a produção de hormônios vegetais e a solubilização de minerais. Considerando estes aspectos, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de linhagens de leveduras como promotoras de crescimento vegetal, através da avaliação in vitro da produção de ácido indolacético e solubilização de fosfato, e da avaliação in vivo através da inoculação da linhagem com melhores resultados em mudas de tomate. Foram avaliadas seis linhagens de levedura pertencentes ao banco de micro-organismos do Laboratório de Microbiologia Agrícola e Molecular (LAMAM - CCA, UFSCar). Para a avaliação da produção de AIA pelos isolados foi utilizada a metodologia colorimétrica, modificada de diMenna (1957); para quantificação da solubilização de fosfato tricálcico foi utilizada o método colorimétrico do azul de molibdênio. O ensaio com mudas de tomate foi realizado em casa de vegetação com diferentes concentrações de células de T. globosa (5S55), e com adição ou não de glicose e triptofano. Os resultados mostraram que os isolados de T. globosa e o isolado de Rhodotorula mucilaginosa produziram AIA na presença de triptofano; os isolados de T. globosa e o isolado de Meyerozyma guilliermondii solubilizaram fosfato inorgânico em meio líquido. A levedura T. globosa (5S55) promoveu o crescimento das mudas de tomate, com aumentos significativos no comprimento da parte aérea e raiz. Conclui-se que os isolados de T. globosa, Rh. mucilaginosa e M. guilliermondii apresentam potencial para a melhoria da produção vegetal através da produção de AIA e/ou solubilização de fosfato; a levedura T. globosa, isolado 5S55, mostrou ser capaz de promover o crescimento de mudas de tomate.

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T14:25:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado.pdf: 24739108 bytes, checksum: 438a71a15a2d959f1a98b9e35d78fdb3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-23T20:27:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado.pdf: 24739108 bytes, checksum: 438a71a15a2d959f1a98b9e35d78fdb3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-23T20:27:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado.pdf: 24739108 bytes, checksum: 438a71a15a2d959f1a98b9e35d78fdb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Proteases are essential constituents of all living beings, since they are involved in essential biological processes such as blood clotting, cell death, tissue differentiation, protein transport across the membrane etc. They also have important biotechnological applicability, because they can be used in food processing, manufacture of detergents, leather processing, meat softening, drug formulation, in the textile industry etc. These enzymes represents about 60% of the global market for industrial enzymes; so, they are considered an important group of enzymes. This work was divided into two stages and aimed to isolate filamentous fungi collected from coconut trees and soil from a coconut located in Varzeas de Sousa, Paraiba, Brazil and do a screening for the production of proteases and to evaluate, in a bioreactor, the production of proteases by the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa L07. In all, 32 fungi were isolated in Paraiba semiarid. They were grown in rotary shaker and sent to the analysis of proteolytic activity. The specie, originally called Fung1, showed better results in the qualitative stage and was taken to the molecular identification and selected for production in rotary shaker (30°C / 200rpm / 240h). R. mucilaginosa L07, originally from Antarctica, was cultivated in a bioreactor (25°C / 72h), varying agitation and aeration. The maximum enzyme activity by the Fung1, identified as Aspergillus tubingensis, was 29 U.mL^-1, after 144h cultivation. This fungus is not a fumonisin B2 and ochratoxin A producer. The greatest value of proteolytic activity of R. mucilaginosa L07 was 124.88 U.mL^-1 with agitation of 500rpm and aeration 1,0vvm. The results indicated that A. tubingensis produces proteases, but other studies are needed to optimize production and classify proteases. The supply of oxygen to R. mucilaginosa L07 were positive for proteolytic activity, because it increased from 33.36 to 124.88 U.mL^-1 in rotary shaker and bioreactor, respectively. / Proteases são constituintes essenciais em todos os seres vivos, pois estão envolvidas em processos biológicos essenciais como coagulação sanguínea, morte celular, diferenciação de tecidos, transporte de proteínas através da membrana etc. Também possuem importante aplicabilidade biotecnológica, pois podem ser usadas no processamento de alimentos, formulação de detergentes, processamento de couro, amaciamento de carnes, formulação de medicamentos, na indústria têxtil etc. Por representarem aproximadamente 60% do mercado mundial de enzimas industriais, são consideradas um importante grupo de enzimas. Este trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas e objetivou isolar fungos filamentosos coletados em coqueiros e solo de um coqueiral localizado nas Várzeas de Sousa, Paraíba, Brasil e fazer um screening quanto à produção de proteases, além de avaliar, em biorreator, a produção de proteases pela levedura Rhodotorula mucilaginosa L07. Ao todo, 32 fungos foram isolados no semiárido paraibano, cultivados em agitador rotatório e encaminhados à análise da atividade proteolítica. A espécie inicialmente denominada Fung1 apresentou melhor resultado na etapa qualitativa, foi encaminhada à identificação molecular e selecionada para a produção em agitador rotatório (30°C/ 200rpm/ 240h). A R. mucilaginosa L07, coletadada na Antártida, foi cultivada em biorreator (25°C/ 72h), variando agitação e aeração. A atividade enzimática máxima do Fung1, identificado como Aspergillus tubingensis, foi 29 U.mL , após 144h de cultivo. Este fungo não é produtor de fumonisina B2 e ocratoxina A. O maior valor de atividade proteolítica da R. mucilaginosa L07 foi de 124,88 U.mL^-1 , com agitação de 500rpm e aeração de 1,0vvm. Os resultados indicaram que A. tubingensis produz proteases, porém outros estudos são necessários para otimizar a produção e classificar as proteases. O fornecimento de oxigênio em cultivos da R. mucilaginosa L07 foi positivo para a atividade proteolítica, pois a mesma aumentou de 33,36 para 124,88 U.mL^-1, em agitador rotatório e biorreator, respectivamente.

Orientador: Delia Rodriguez-Amaya / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T01:25:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sentanin_MichelleAndriati_D.pdf: 945275 bytes, checksum: 8006d9bfad9ddd336494867a2761a66f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Os carotenóides são corantes naturais, alguns dos quais são precursores de vitamina A. Desde a década passada, tem sido atribuído a estes compostos um importante papel na diminuição do risco de várias doenças degenerativas. Com estas funções vitais, a procura por fontes intensificou-se mundialmente. A produção biotecnológica de carotenóides específicos, utilizando bactérias, fungos e leveduras, vem despertando crescente interesse. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos otimizar a extração dos carotenóides de Rhodotorula glutinis, estimular a produção de carotenóides pela adição de ácido mevalônico, substituir o meio de cultivo por substrato de baixo custo e avaliar a estabilidade e degradação de toruleno. O capítulo 1 apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a biossíntese de carotenóides e a produção biotecnológica desses pigmentos nos últimos dez anos, destacando a produção por bactérias, algas e fungos. O segundo capítulo visa otimizar a extração dos carotenóides da levedura Rhodotorula glutinis e avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de ácido mevalônico na produção de carotenóides. Por ser um precursor chave no caminho biossintético dos carotenóides em leveduras, este composto influenciou de modo significativo a produção dos pigmentos. Apesar da quantidade de biomassa não ter sido afetada, a produção de carotenóides totais aumentou em até 114% e o rendimento de toruleno e de b-caroteno aumentou 157% e 168%, respectivamente. O Capítulo 3 tem o intuito de baixar o custo de produção de carotenóides pela levedura em estudo, através da substituição do meio de cultura usual YM por um residuo da industria da mandioca, a manipueira, substrato rico em nutrientes. Para otimizar a producao dos pigmentos, realizou-se um planejamento fatorial completo de quatro variaveis, a saber pH, temperatura, agitacao e volume de inoculo. A condicao que melhor favoreceu o rendimento de carotenoides foi 26°C, 250 rpm de agitacao, pH 7,0 e 10% de volume de inoculo. Nessa condicao, a producao de carotenoides totais foi de 2068 ?g/L de meio de cultura. O tradicional meio YM proporcionou a producao de apenas 899 ?g/L de meio de cultura de carotenoides totais. O quarto capitulo tem por objetivo avaliar a estabilidade do carotenoide toruleno produzido por Rhodotorula, em comparacao com os carotenoides bem conhecidos licopeno e ?-caroteno. Para isso, foram montados sistemas modelos de baixa umidade, utilizando como matriz celulose microcristalina, que ficaram expostos durante 15 dias a luz ou ao abrigo da mesma. O carotenoide que mais sofreu degradacao foi o licopeno, seguido de ?-caroteno e toruleno. O Capitulo 5 visa investigar a degradacao oxidativa do toruleno e os compostos volateis produzidos durante esse processo. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram montados sistemas modelo de baixa umidade, com matriz de celulose microcristalina, em frascos de vidro, com injecao de fluxo de oxigenio. Houve a formacao de diversos compostos de degradacao, dos quais os que mais se destacaram, quantitativamente, foram metacroleina, prenal, 2,6- dimetil-hepta-2,4-dieno, 6-metil-hept-5-en-2-ona, 2-etil-hexanol, 2-etenil- 1,3,3-trimetil-ciclohexeno e 3,3-dimetil-acetaldeido-ciclohexilideno / Abstract: Carotenoids are natural colorants, some of which are precursors of vitamin A. Since the past decade, an important role in reducing the risk of various degenerative diseases was attributed to these compounds. With these vital functions, the search for sources has intensified worldwide. The biotechnological production of specific carotenoids, using bacteria, fungi and yeasts, have attracted increasing interest. This study had the objective of optimizing the extraction of carotenoids from Rhodotorula glutinis, stimulating the production of carotenoids with mevalonic acid, substituting the medium with low-cost substrate and evaluating the stability and degradation of torulene. Chapter 1 presents a review of the biosynthesis of carotenoids and biotechnological production of these pigments in the last ten years, highlighting the production by bacteria, algae and fungi. The second chapter aims to optimize the extraction of carotenoids from the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis and assessing the effect of different concentrations of mevalonic acid on the production of carotenoids. Being a key precursor in the biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids in yeasts, it significantly influenced the production of pigments. Although the amount of biomass was not affected, the production of total carotenoid increased by 114% and the yield of torulene and ?-carotene increased by 157% and 168%, respectively. Chapter 3 is intended to lower the cost of production of carotenoids by the yeast under investigation, by replacing the usual culture medium YM with a sub-product of the cassava industry, the nutrient-rich substrate manipueira. To optimize the production of pigments, a full factorial design was used with four variables: pH, temperature, agitation and inoculum volume. The condition that favored yield of carotenoids was: 26°C, 250 rpm agitation, pH 7.0 and 10% volume of inoculum. In this condition, the production of carotenoids was 2068 mg/L of culture medium. The traditional YM provided the production of only 899 mg/L of culture medium of carotenoids. The fourth chapter aims to evaluate the stability of torulene produced by Rhodotorula, compared with well-known carotenoids, lycopene and b-carotene. For this purpose, model systems of low moisture were mounted, using microcrystalline cellulose as the matrix, which were kept in the dark or exposed to light for 15 days. The carotenoid that suffered the most degradation was lycopene, followed by b-carotene and torulene. Chapter 5 investigates the oxidative degradation of torulene and the volatile compounds produced during this process. To achieve this goal, model systems of low moisture were mounted, with microcrystalline cellulose matrix, in glass bottle, with injection of oxygen flow. Several degradation compounds were formed, of which the following compounds stood out quantitatively: methacrolein, prenal, 2,6-dimethyl-hepta-2,4-diene, 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2- one, 2-ethylhexanol, 2-ethenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexene and 3,3-dimethylciclohexilideno acetaldehyde / Doutorado / Ciência de Alimentos / Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos

This diploma thesis is focused on controlled production of lipolytic enzymes, bioactive substances and lipids by carotenogenic yeasts. Theoretical part deals with characterization of lipolytic enzymes, carotenoids, lipids and their properties, possibility of production and application. In experimental part the enzymes, carotenoids and lipids were produced by red yeasts Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Cystofilobasidium macerans and Sporidiobolus salmonicolor by submerged cultivation in mineral medium with different additions: glucose, glycerol, fat, fat with glucose, fat with polysorbate 80, fat with glycerol, fat with polyethylene glycol, fat with higher and lower addition of palmitic acid, enzymatic fat hydrolysate, acidic hydrolysate a basic hydrolysate. The activity of extracellular lipase was monitored in medium after 96-hour cultivation. Concentration of -carotene, total carotenoids, ergosterol and ubiquinone was determined by HPLC, concentration of fatty acids and amount of fat by GC. Production had differed depending on used yeasts and substrate. As the best producer of carotenoids Cystofilobasidium macerans was found, ergosterol was highly produced by Sporidiobolus salmonicolor. The production of ubiquinone was almost equivalent in all yeasts and lipolytic activity was the highest in Sporidiobolus salmonicolor. The patricular medium sample with high lipolytic activity was further separated and analysed by ultrafiltration and PAGE-SDS electrophoresis. This diploma thesis was done within the international project ,,LipoFungi“.

Carotenoids are natural pigments that have antioxidation and antimutagenic abilities. They are produced with the help of new technological methods. For example, carotenoid yeast Rhodotorula glutinis produces -carotene with the yield of up to 6 – 10 mg/g of the dry substance. The method of the mass spectrometry with the nanoelectrospray in the positive mode was optimized for the determination of -carotene, lycopene and astaxanthin in this project. Ionizing voltage of 4 kV and the sample flow rate of 15 – 80 nl/min through the spray silica fused capillary with the internal diameter of 25 µm were found to be the optimum parameters of the analysis. A mixture of chloroform with the addition of ammonia was used as a spray solvent for both standard and cellular samples. During the process of ionization by nanoelectrospray, -carotene and lycopene form cation radical [M] • + with the molecular mass to charge ratio (m/z) of 536, while asthaxanthin forms the protonated molecule [M + H]+ with the m/z of 597. The partial lysis of individual Rhodotorula glutinis cells was demonstrated under microscope in the organic solvents tetrahydrofuran and dimethylsulfoxide. Chloroform, acetone, acetonitrille, methanol and isopropanol did not affect the cells after a 15 min treatment.

Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments produced by bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi and plants. They exhibit significant biological effects and are widely used in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics. The aim of this diploma thesis proposed as a comparative study was regulation of carotenoid and ergosterol production in red yeasts using several waste substrates as whey, corn germs, wheat, apple fiber and pasta. To selected production media extracellular hydrolytic enzymes degrading polysaccharide were added. These enzymes were obtained from the cultivation media of four fungal strains. In this study three carotenogenic yeast strains were used: Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Cystofilobasidium capitatum. All strains were cultivated simultaneously and changes in biomass and carotenoid production in different production media were monitored and compared. As the best waste substrate apple fiber was utilized, particularly in Rhodotorula glutinis, which exhibited mainly biomass production increase. In Sporobolomyces roseus increased production of biomass and carotenoids have been reported in media with hydrolyzed fiber and pasta as well. Beta-carotene production in this strain reached 4776,38 mg/g of dry weight. The strain Cystofilobasidium capitatum exhibited in waste media a decerase of biomass production accompanied with increased production of carotenoids, especially in wheat mush and pasta medium hydrolyzed by enzyme preparative from Aureobasidium pullulan. It can be concluded that hydrolyzed waste substrates are very hopeful as cheap nutrient sources for yeast strains producing carotenoids and ergosterol. Nevertheless, further study of substrate processing for individual strains is needed.