Background:  Despite the utilization of algorithms as data management tools, they are increasingly used as people management tools to allocate, optimize and evaluate workers. This is especially popular among digital labor platforms of the gig economy as it is seen as one of the core innovations that enabled such platforms. Usually, these platform workers are self-employed, which results in an apparent autonomy while working under a rigid algorithm. For those workers, proactively shaping the job according to their own needs and abilities, commonly known as job crafting, may be increasingly important. As research suggests that job crafting occurs across professions and industries, how is it possible under the constraints of algorithmic management?  Purpose:  This thesis investigates the abilities of German food delivery riders of the company Lieferando to perform job crafting while being managed by an algorithm.  Method:  To meet the purpose of this study, the authors conducted a qualitative study. The data was collected through technology-mediated interviews with riders of the company Lieferando in Germany. The authors applied an online recruitment strategy through various social media websites to find suitable interviewees. Interview partners were picked with a random sampling strategy. The interviews were semi-structured, and the researchers guided the interviewees through a previously prepared topic guide with open-ended questions.  Conclusion:  The results of this study provide empirical evidence that riders of the food delivery company Lieferando engage in job crafting activities although working under the constraints of algorithmic management. The outcomes further show that all riders performed task crafting and cognitive crafting in various ways, whereas engagement in relational crafting was less developed. Riders not only have the ability to modify their work but also enrich it.  The findings of this study allow to draw several theoretical and managerial implications as well as provide possible research opportunities for future studies.

of the Thesis "Amendements unrelated to the subject-matter of a bill in the legislative practice of the Czech Republic" The aim of the thesis was to describe the matter of amendments unrelated to the subject- matter of a bill. The first chapter of the thesis gave an introduction into the legislative procedure in Czech Republic and presented possible ways how an unrelated amendment can become a part of a bill. The second chapter was focused on unrelated amendments themselves. Firstly, it explained their essence and gave examples. Afterwards, unrelated amendments were characterised from different points of view, e.g. who and why iniciates them, why are they problematic, and how they can be sorted. The third chapter paid attention to selected decisions of the Constitutional Court of Czech Republic. The fourth chapter presented possible ways of how to prevent legislators from adding unrelated provisions to the bills according to contemporary rules and also mentioned possible ways how legislative rules can change.

Master of Music / Department of Music / Frank C. Tracz / This document was written after examination, research, score analysis, and lesson planning in preparation for the Graduate Conducting Recital of Travis M. Johnson. This recital was held on Monday, March 8, 2010 at the Cheney High School Auditorium at 6:00 pm. A philosophy of Music Education and criteria for quality literature selection is followed by the theoretical and historical analysis of four works; Flourish for Wind Band by Ralph Vaughn Williams, Air for Band by Frank Erickson, An American Elegy by Frank Ticheli, and Rough Riders by Karl King arranged by James Swearingen. Lesson plans, rehearsal aids, warm up exercises, and student assignments are included in the examination of this process.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-09T11:04:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria Elisabeth Alves Mesquita Soares - 2016.pdf: 9275522 bytes, checksum: ecaaae1835469b539e8cf3b8b79625ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-09T11:06:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria Elisabeth Alves Mesquita Soares - 2016.pdf: 9275522 bytes, checksum: ecaaae1835469b539e8cf3b8b79625ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-09T11:06:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria Elisabeth Alves Mesquita Soares - 2016.pdf: 9275522 bytes, checksum: ecaaae1835469b539e8cf3b8b79625ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation discusses the motorcycle riders’ spatial practice to (and in) parties. The landscape is regarded as concept, which has been seen through the object way, in which sensitive elements are taken, and by the subjective one, in which colors, sounds, smells, “natural” and cultural elements are connected to the meaning of being a motorcycle rider and travelling-in-parties. As a general goal is to understand the motorcycle and motor club events as spatial practices’ makers of motivating landscape partying trips. The specific goals are: to analyze the setting process to these trips and its spatiality. To interpret the trip as therapy, leisure and a party on the road; to describe the rituals in the trip-parties; to categorize and to discriminate the motorcycle and motor club parties; to interpret the element constituent elements in the landscapes of the motorcycle and motor club parties; to retrieve the tradition of party-trips in a global range; to question the woman’s participation and the andro-normativities in these events. In order to reach these goals, we used bibliographical and document research as methodological proceedings, informal chats, which is an important technique in this purpose, semi structured interviews, techniques that guided the time-spatial perspectives of the research. The proposed thesis is that the trip is a party to the party and in party, and this party is a multidimensional trip. The spatial perspective is the State of Goiás and the timeline extends from the beginning of the 19980s, when the first parties from Goiás arose, until 2016. This work is divided into four chapters. The objects, the actions and the space used in the setting of these party-trips; the categorization of the motorcycle trips: as therapy, as leisure and party; the rituals which legitimate the movement, positioning, and body directing during the party-trip; the setting of the party landscapes in their each “type” of researched party and the motorcycling tradition features of the long distance trips in other time and spaces. / Nesta tese discute-se a prática espacial dos viajantes motociclistas rumo à (e em) festa. Utiliza-se como recorte conceitual a paisagem, que é vista tanto em uma dimensão objetiva, na qual contemplam-se e apreciam-se seus elementos sensoriais, como em outra subjetiva, em que cores, sons, cheiros, elementos “naturais” e culturais se associam ao significado de ser motociclista e viajar-em-festa. Define-se, como objetivo geral, compreender os eventos motociclísticos e motoclubistas como práticas espaciais formadoras de paisagens festivas motivadoras de viagens. Já os específicos são: analisar o processo de preparação para as viagens-festas e sua espacialidade; interpretar a viagem como terapia, lazer e festa na estrada; descrever os rituais realizados nas viagens-festas; categorizar e discriminar festas motociclísticas e motoclubistas; interpretar os elementos presentes nas paisagens das festas motociclísticas e motoclubistas; recuperar a tradição das viagens-festas em escala mundial; problematizar a participação da mulher e as andronormatividades afirmadas nestes eventos. Para o alcance destes objetivos utilizaram-se, como procedimentos metodológicos, além de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, conversas informais, técnica pertinente para indivíduos em festa, e entrevistas semiestruturadas, técnicas estas que conduziram aos recortes espaço-temporais da pesquisa. A tese proposta é a de que a viagem é uma festa para a festa e esta (a festa) é uma viagem pluridimensional. O recorte espacial é o Estado de Goiás e o temporal se estende desde o início dos anos 80, quando as primeiras festas goianas surgem, até 2016. Em uma estrutura de quatro capítulos apresentam-se os objetos, as ações e os espaços utilizados na preparação das viagens-festas; a qualificação das viagens motociclísticas, como terapia, lazer e festa; os rituais que regulamentam os movimentos, posicionamentos e direcionamentos corporais na viagem-festa; a composição das paisagens festivas em cada “tipo” de festa pesquisada e o caráter de tradição motociclística das viagens de longas distâncias em outros espaços-tempos.

Equestrian sport is one of the biggest sports in Sweden with 29 600-competition riders. Equestrian sport demands a high physical capacity and competition riders need to have both strength, endurance and balance. Therefore, strength training should always be a part of a competition rider´s training regime, because strength training can lead to enhanced performance at the same time as it prevents injuries. Despite this, research that show how much strength training a competition rider perform is limited. Some say that competition riders most often don´t perform any training outside of riding, while some say that physical training is a natural element in a competition rider everyday life. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to describe competition rider´s perceptions regarding strength training as well as the motivation for strength training. Furthermore, the study aims at examining how much and what kind of strength training competition riders perform as well as why/why not strength training is being performed. Method: Information was gathered through questionnaires and through interviews. The selection for the questionnaire was based of competition riders over the age of 18 that compete in islandic horse-competition. The selection for the interviews was based of equestrian trainers in the south of Dalarna that all train competition rider. Results: The result showed that more than half of the competition riders that were part of this study reach the recommendations that are set for strength training. The result also showed a generally positive attitude towards strength training where a perception of strength training leading to a better riding performance was noticeable. The reasons why competition riders perform strength training turned out to be "To be healthy" and "To become a better rider". The reasons why competition rider’s don´t perform strength training turned out to be "Lack of time", "Lack of motivation" and to some extent also "Lack of knowledge". Slutsatser : The competition riders and equestrian trainers in this study generally have a positive attitude towards strength training, but despite of this there are some barriers that prevent strength training. Competition riders should work to overcome these barriers, because strength training has been showed important when performing on top in equestrian sport. / Ridsporten en av de största sporterna i Sverige med 29 600 tävlingsryttare. Ridsporten kräver hög fysisk kapacitet hos utövaren och tävlingsryttare behöver både styrka, uthållighet och balans. Styrketräning bör därför alltid finnas med i ett träningsprogram för tävlingsryttare, då styrketräning kan optimera en tävlingsryttares prestation samtidigt som det förebygger skador. Forskning visar alltså att tävlingsryttare bör utföra styrketräning, men forskning som visar hur mycket styrketräning tävlingsryttare utför i praktiken är begränsad. Vissa menar att tävlingsryttare oftast rider sig i form, medan andra menar att fysisk träning är ett naturligt inslag i en tävlingsryttares vardag. Syfte : Syftet med studien var att redogöra för tävlingsryttares uppfattning gällande styrketräning samt motivationen till styrketräning. Vidare syftar studien till att undersöka hur mycket och vilken form av styrketräning tävlingsryttare utför samt varför/varför inte styrketräning utförs. Metod: Information samlades in genom enkäter samt intervjuer. Urvalet till enkäterna bestod av tävlingsryttare över 18 som tävlar inom islandshästridsporten. Urvalet till intervjuerna bestod av ridtränare i södra Dalarna som tränar ryttare inom islandshästridsporten. Resultat: Resultatet visade en positiv inställning till styrketräning där en uppfattning om att styrketräning kan leda till bättre ridprestation kunde urskiljas. Mer än hälften av tävlingsryttarna i denna studie når upp till de rekommendationer som finns för styrketräning. Den form av styrketräning som oftast utförs är en blandning av max, volym- och uthållighetsstyrka samt endast uthållighetstyrka. Vidare visade resultatet att de faktorer som ofta leder till att tävlingsryttare styrketränar är "För att vara hälsosam" samt "För att bli en bättre ryttare". De faktorer som ofta ligger till grund för utebliven träning är "Tidsbrist", "Motivationsbrist" samt i viss mån även "Okunskap". Slutsatser: Tävlingsryttarna och ridtränarna i denna studie har generellt sett en positiv inställning till styrketräning, men trots detta finns det vissa barriärer som förhindrar styrketräning. Tävlingsryttarna bör försöka överkomma dessa barriärer, då styrketräning har visat sig vara av största vikt för att prestera på topp inom ridsporten.

SammanfattningSociala medier är och har under ett antal år varit ett stadigt växande fenomen i det moderna samhället. Det har även visat sig att idrotten i allt högre utsträckning påverkas av vad som sker via de sociala medierna. Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om och fördjupa förståelsen för unga ryttares förhållande till sociala medier i vardagen kring hästen. Sex fokusgruppintervjuer med gymnasieelever på Flyinge AB och Ridskolan Strömsholm har genomförts. Resultatet har analyserats med hjälp av Erving Goffmans teorier kring ”Stigma”, ”fronstage” och ”backstage” samt ”impression management”. Studien visar att unga ryttare påverkas av sociala medier i vardagen kring hästen. Framförallt menar de unga ryttarna att bilden av den ”perfekta vardagen med hästen” påverkar dem och i vissa fall leder den till försämrat självförtroende och en känsla av att inte räcka till. Ridsportens idealbild som förmedlas via sociala medier är snäv och sätter stor press på vad ungdomarna själva lägger upp. Resultaten visar även att det är viktigt att ungdomarna ska kunna relatera till innehållet i det som publiceras och att de beundrar personer som vågar visa en genuin bild av hur vardagen kring hästen är. Dock framgår det att personer som vågar visa en bild som skiljer sig från normen om det perfekta livet kring hästarna ofta blir stigmatiserade.Sökord: Sociala medier, ridsport, stallbackskultur, unga ryttare, ridsportens idealbild / AbstractSocial media is, and have for several years, been a steadily growing phenomenon in modern society. In recent years, there have been indications of that sport is increasingly affected by what is happening in social media. The purpose of this study is to analyze young riders’relationship with social media in their daily life around the horse. Six focus group interviews with upper secondary level students at the Swedish national equestrian centers Strömsholm and Flyinge has been conducted and have been analyzed using the sociologist Erving Goffman’s concept of “stigma”, “frontstage” and ”backstage” and “impression management”. The results show that young riders are affected of what’s communicated on social media in, and about, the equestrian sport context in their everyday life around the horse. The “perfect picture” of a life around horses that is often communicated on social media, by for instance professional riders, affect young riders and their self-confidence. They compare themselves with this perfect picture produced on social media and get the idea that they are not as perfect themselves. The results also indicate that there is a strong urge among young riders to be able to relate to the content produced on social media and that they admire people who dare to show a true picture of their everyday lives around the horse. However, it appears that people who does dare to show a picture which differs from the norm about the perfect life around the horses often get stigmatized.Keywords: Social media, equestrian sport, equestrian culture, young riders, equestrian ideals

Transportation-network companies such as Uber and Lyft have permeated cities around the world. While they have been lauded for introducing a new mobility option, questions of equity have been raised, including in relation to people with disabilities. Numerous lawsuits have been filed against Uber and Lyft for lack of disabled accessibility of transportation service they facilitate, with some of the lawsuit focusing on wheelchair accessibility. These have been reported in the media while work on the topic is lacking in the academic literature. This doctoral research explores wheelchair accessibility in transportation hailed through Uber and Lyft in the U.S., with a partial focus on the phenomenon in Washington, DC. The study sought to gain insight into wheelchair-accessibility matters with respect to four main stakeholders - riders, companies, drivers, and regulators and other government agencies. The purpose was a) to deepen understanding on the topic based on a holistic approach to core issues and produce evidence-based knowledge and b) to provide policy recommendations where needed. A mixed-methods approach was used to investigate the research problem. The quantitative strand surveyed 341 wheelchair users in the U.S., while the qualitative strand consisted of three sets of 16 qualitative interviews with drivers on the Uber and Lyft apps, Uber and Lyft company representatives, and representatives of relevant government agencies in Washington, DC. The study finds the following: 1) The service might be filling a transportation gap for some wheelchair users even though it is a two-tiered system that disadvantages motorized-wheelchair users. 2) The challenges surrounding wheelchair accessibility are perceived differently by the stakeholders and as a result there are differing views of how to solve them. 3) Overcoming inaccessibility challenge needs to involve changes on both Uber and Lyft and government agencies. Uber and Lyft and government agencies will find this study of interest to help them appreciate other stakeholders' perspective and use the findings to support policy decisions. / Doctor of Philosophy / Transportation-network companies connect drivers who are interested in providing a ride to riders who are looking for transportation through smartphone apps. Uber and Lyft are the most common of these companies. Both companies operate in many cities around the world. They are praised for creating a transportation alternative, but there is a concern that they may not serve everyone equally. For example, people with disabilities, especially wheelchair users have complained that they are not receiving the same service as those who do not use wheelchair. In the US, there are numerous lawsuits have been filed against Uber and Lyft for lack of disabled accessibility. Some of the lawsuit focus on wheelchair accessibility. These issues are reported in the media mostly. This doctoral research looks at wheelchair accessibility in transportation hailed through Uber and Lyft in the U.S., with a partial focus on the phenomenon in Washington, DC. The study sought to gain insight into wheelchair-accessibility matters with respect to four main stakeholders - riders, companies, drivers, and regulators and other government agencies. The purpose was a) to deepen understanding on the topic based on a holistic approach to core issues and produce evidence-based knowledge and b) to provide policy recommendations where needed. A survey and a set of interviews were used to investigate the research problem. The study finds the following: 1) The service might be filling a transportation gap for some wheelchair users even though it is a two-tiered system that disadvantages motorized-wheelchair users. 2) The challenges surrounding wheelchair accessibility are perceived differently by the stakeholders and as a result there are differing views of how to solve them. 3) Overcoming inaccessibility challenge needs to involve changes on both Uber and Lyft and government agencies. Uber and Lyft and government agencies will find this study of interest to help them appreciate other stakeholders' perspective and use the findings to support policy decisions.

This thesis analyses image of Czechoslovakian pilots in local film production. It focuses on films about pilots from Second World War and pilots from Czechoslovak people's army. The aim of thesis is to define main characteristics of military pilots in selected films and compare their transformation through time. Analytic part will use visual, semiotic, discursive and narrative analysis concept as theoretical framework. Thesis works on the presumption that image transformation was highly influenced by historical and political development of country. It assumes that pilots from Second World War were portrayed positively in late 1960s and after year 1989 and pilots from Czechoslovak people's army were favored in era of normalization, particularly in 1970s and 1980s.

<p>Blakeslee och Goff (2007) föreslår att dressyrryttares visualiseringsfärdigheter bör skilja sig från andra sporter som inte involverar ett djur. Enligt Murphy, Nordin och Cumming, (2008) finns det ett behov av ett instrument som tar hänsyn till visualiseringstyp, funktion och dess utgång. The survey of imagery experiences in sport (SIES; Weibull & Wallsbeck, 2009; Wallsbeck & Weibull, 2009) är ett relativt nytt instrument som mäter dessa variabler. Syftena i denna studie var därför att: (1) studera elitdressyrryttares visualiseringsupplevelser, (2) studera elitdressyrryttares förståelse och (3) upplevelse av instrumentet SIES. En kombination av kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod användes i studien. Dressyrryttarnas visualiseringsupplevelser skiljde sig till viss del från tidigare forskning. Till exempel användes flest visualiseringsmönster för syftet <em>hitta rätt känsla </em>och<em> hörselsinnet </em>inkluderades i många visualiseringsmönster<em>. </em>Deltagarnas förståelse och upplevelse av SIES var god med endast några få oklarheter gällande bland annat effekt och frekvens.</p> / <p>Blakeslee and Goff (2007) suggest that dressage riders’ imagery experience should be different from other sports that do not involve an animal. According to Murphy, Nordin and Cumming (2008), there is a need for an assessment instrument assessing the imagery type, function and outcome. The Survey of imagery experiences in sports (SIES, Weibull & Wallsbeck, 2009; Wallsbeck & Weibull, 2009) is a relatively new instrument that measures these variables. The objectives of this study was therefore to: (1) study the elite dressage riders’ imagery experiences, (2) study the elite dressage riders’ understanding and (3) experiences of the instrument SIES. A combination of qualitative and quantitative method was used in the study. The elite dressage riders’ imagery experiences partly differed from previous research. Most imagery patterns were for example used for the purpose <em>find the right feeling</em> and the <em>auditory</em> <em>sense</em> was included in many imagery patterns. The participants’ understanding and experience of SIES were good, with only a few ambiguities regarding for example effect and frequency.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>

Blakeslee och Goff (2007) föreslår att dressyrryttares visualiseringsfärdigheter bör skilja sig från andra sporter som inte involverar ett djur. Enligt Murphy, Nordin och Cumming, (2008) finns det ett behov av ett instrument som tar hänsyn till visualiseringstyp, funktion och dess utgång. The survey of imagery experiences in sport (SIES; Weibull &amp; Wallsbeck, 2009; Wallsbeck &amp; Weibull, 2009) är ett relativt nytt instrument som mäter dessa variabler. Syftena i denna studie var därför att: (1) studera elitdressyrryttares visualiseringsupplevelser, (2) studera elitdressyrryttares förståelse och (3) upplevelse av instrumentet SIES. En kombination av kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod användes i studien. Dressyrryttarnas visualiseringsupplevelser skiljde sig till viss del från tidigare forskning. Till exempel användes flest visualiseringsmönster för syftet hitta rätt känsla och hörselsinnet inkluderades i många visualiseringsmönster. Deltagarnas förståelse och upplevelse av SIES var god med endast några få oklarheter gällande bland annat effekt och frekvens. / Blakeslee and Goff (2007) suggest that dressage riders’ imagery experience should be different from other sports that do not involve an animal. According to Murphy, Nordin and Cumming (2008), there is a need for an assessment instrument assessing the imagery type, function and outcome. The Survey of imagery experiences in sports (SIES, Weibull &amp; Wallsbeck, 2009; Wallsbeck &amp; Weibull, 2009) is a relatively new instrument that measures these variables. The objectives of this study was therefore to: (1) study the elite dressage riders’ imagery experiences, (2) study the elite dressage riders’ understanding and (3) experiences of the instrument SIES. A combination of qualitative and quantitative method was used in the study. The elite dressage riders’ imagery experiences partly differed from previous research. Most imagery patterns were for example used for the purpose find the right feeling and the auditory sense was included in many imagery patterns. The participants’ understanding and experience of SIES were good, with only a few ambiguities regarding for example effect and frequency.