Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by PATRICIA ADRIANA MARQUES DE ANDRADE null (patricia_pama@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-20T02:43:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final_Patrícia Andrade.pdf: 2854246 bytes, checksum: 2d97a7581577e615b3d7fedfa32defab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Lucia Martins Frederico null (mlucia@fca.unesp.br) on 2017-12-20T15:18:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_pam_me_bot.pdf: 2854246 bytes, checksum: 2d97a7581577e615b3d7fedfa32defab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T15:18:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_pam_me_bot.pdf: 2854246 bytes, checksum: 2d97a7581577e615b3d7fedfa32defab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O surgimento de máquinas e implementos utilizados na agricultura mudou definitivamente as técnicas de produção em todo o mundo, de forma que o aumento da produtividade deste setor levou o homem a ser substituído pelas máquinas possibilitou o acesso a novas práticas na agricultura. A realização de uma operação segura com trator agrícola é essencial, sendo necessário que o operador tenha o conhecimento de medidas de segurança. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar ruído, temperatura e iluminação como risco físico no interior da cabine de um trator, considerando os limites de tolerância permitidos pelas Normas Regulamentadoras 15 (Atividades e Operações Insalubres) e 17 (Ergonomia) evitando danos à saúde do operador. O experimento foi conduzido em duas pistas: de concreto comum e solo firme. A pista de concreto comum tem 100 metros de comprimento e 4 metros de largura, e a de solo firme 100 metros de comprimento e 6 metros de largura. Foi utilizado um trator agrícola 4x2 tração dianteira auxiliar com cabine e com potência de 88cv. O delineamento foi feito com a combinação de quatro marchas e três rotações. Para cada uma das combinações foi medido o ruído interno e externo, a temperatura e a taxa de luminosidade. O ruído interno foi obtido por meio de um decibelímetro alocado na altura do ouvido do operador. O ruído externo da cabine foi obtido por meio de um decibelímetro alocado no retrovisor na parte externa do trator. A temperatura foi obtida por meio de um registrador de temperatura com datalogger fixado próximo ao assento do operador, e a luminosidade foi obtida por um luxímetro posicionado no centro da cabine. Para o delineamento dos dados, utilizou-se um fatorial incompleto 5X4, sendo o primeiro fator a combinação de marchas (Estático, GI-4, GII-2, GII-3 e GII-4) e o segundo a rotação (máxima, 2300, 2000 e 1700). Os resultados obtidos em relação ao ruído mostraram que tanto o ruído externo quanto interno apresentaram em algumas combinações valores superiores aos 85dB(A), sendo um valor limite de tolerância para a exposição diária por 8 horas sem a utilização de EPI, delimitado pela norma como nível de tolerância de exposição ao ruído nos dois ensaios realizados. Os resultados ainda mostraram que esses valores, em sua grande maioria, se encontram nos valores obtidos do ruído externo. Os resultados obtidos para a temperatura no interior da cabine mostraram que a temperatura se manteve dentro do valor delimitado pelas normas, sendo necessário em certos períodos do dia um tempo de descanso no próprio local de trabalho de acordo com as horas já trabalhadas. Os resultados obtidos para a iluminação nos mostram em como a falta de uma norma específica para a iluminação no interior de cabines de máquinas agrícolas ligado a uma má iluminação pode ocasionar a fadiga visual, provocando no operador a tensão e o desconforto. / The emergence of machines and implements used in agriculture has definitely changed production techniques of production in the whole world, so that increasing productivity in this sector has led man to be replaced by machines made access to new practices in agriculture. The accomplishment of a safe operation with an agricultural tractor is essential, and the operator must be aware of safety measures. This work was carried out with the objective of analyzing noise, temperature and illumination as a physical risk inside the cabin of a tractor, considering the limits of tolerance allowed by Regulators Norms 15 (Activities and Unhealthy Operations) and 17 (Ergonomics) avoiding damages to health the operator. The experiment was conducted on two tracks: common concrete and firm soil. The common concrete runway are 100 meters long and 4 meters wide, and the ground floor is 100 meters long and 6 meters wide. An agricultural tractor was used 4x2 auxiliary front wheel drive with cabin and with power of 88cv. The design was made with the combination of four gears and three rotations. For each of the combinations, internal and external noise, temperature and brightness were measured. The internal noise was obtained by means of a decibel meter allocated at the height of the operator's ear. The external noise of the cab was obtained by means of a decibel meter allocated in the rear view mirror on the outside of the tractor. The temperature was obtained by means of a datalogger temperature recorder fixed close to the operator's seat, and the luminosity was obtained by a luxmeter positioned in the center of the cabin. For the data design, an incomplete 5X4 factorial was used, the first factor being the combination of gears (Static, GI-4, GII-2, GII-3 and GII-4) and the second one the rotation (maximum, 2300, 2000 and 1700). The results obtained in relation 2to noise showed that both external and internal noise presented in some combinations values higher than 85dB (A), being a limit value of tolerance for the daily exposure for 8 hours without the use of EPI, delimited by the standard as Level of noise exposure tolerance in the two tests performed. The results showed that these values, for the most part, are found in the values obtained from external noise. The results obtained for the temperature inside the cabin showed that the temperature remained within the value delimited by the norms, being necessary in certain periods of the day a time of rest in the own place of work according to the hours already worked. The results obtained for the illumination show us how the lack of a specific standard for the illumination inside cabins of agricultural machines connected to a bad illumination can cause the visual fatigue, provoking in the operator the tension and the discomfort.

Pesquisa realizada em um Centro Integrado de Saúde inserido no âmbito de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Particular, situada no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Metodologia fundamentada em uma abordagem quantitativa, não-experimental, apoiada na estatística inferencial descritiva, baseada no problema de estudo: Quais os fatores que caracterizam as condições de trabalho em um Centro Integrado de Saúde (CIS)? Teve como objetivo, analisar a visão dos trabalhadores em um Centro Integrado de Saúde acerca de suas condições de trabalho. Utilizou-se uma população constituída de 73 trabalhadores. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos: o caderno B, que consta de um questionário auto-aplicativo sobre Riscos e Danos e o caderno C que é um formulário de observação sobre as condições de trabalho de Mauro & Mauro (2009) adaptado de Boix e Vogel (1997). Os dados foram analisados através do Programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 13.0. Na visão dos trabalhadores, os resultados em relação aos riscos (físico, químico, biológico, ergonômico e de acidente) e considerando as variáveis desconhece, não acontece, raramente e freqüentemente, os mesmos indicaram uma freqüência diversificada, embora a maior incidência esteja no grupo de risco biológico com a variável freqüentemente e nos demais a variável raramente. Quanto aos problemas de saúde evidenciados, no questionário B em ordem decrescente, os que se destacaram foram os problemas oculares; lesão por acidente; varizes; dor de cabeça; hipertensão; doenças infecciosas; lombalgias; lesão da coluna vertebral; dores musculares crônicas; problemas de articulação e estresse. Quanto aos resultados do Caderno C, através de observação pelos especialistas, os riscos são variáveis, destacando-se os riscos ergonômicos, os de acidentes e os biológicos. Conclui-se que as condições de trabalho não são satisfatórias evidenciando-se a falta de conhecimento sobre o conteúdo da investigação, assinalados as respostas na alternativa (desconhece) e da aplicação correta das medidas de prevenção de riscos ocupacionais. Recomenda-se neste sentido uma incorporação institucional dos trabalhadores valorizando a capacitação desses profissionais de saúde, com ênfase na promoção da saúde, segurança, meio ambiente de trabalho e os conhecimentos de ergonomia. Como também uma atuação integrada do Serviço Especializado em Engenharia e em Medicina do Trabalho (SESMT) com a Comissão de Biossegurança, além do incentivo à gestão participativa, educação continuada efetiva, e a criação do Comitê de Ergonomia, para a análise e intervenção das propostas. / Research took place in an integrated health center inserted in the ambit of a private college degree institution, in the county of Rio de Janeiro. Methodology based on quantitative approach, non-experimental, based on the descriptive with inference statistics, based on the problem of study: Which factors characterized the working conditions in an integrated health center (IHC)? The objective was, to analyze the point of view of workers in an integrated health center about their working conditions. It was used a population of 73 workers. Two instruments were applied: the copybook B, that has a questionnaire self-explanatory about risks and damages and the copybook C that is a form of observation about the working conditions from Mauro & Mauro (2009) adapted from Boix and Vogel (1997). The data was analyzed through the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13.0. In the workers' point of view the results according to risks ( physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and from incident) and considered the variables " do not know", " does not happen", " rarely" and " usually", they indicated a diverse frequency, although the highest incidence be in the biological group with "the option usually" and in the others " the option rarely". When it comes to the health problems evidenced, in the questionnaire B in decreasing order the highlighted ones were ocular problems, injury from incidents, varicose veins, headache, hypertension, infectious diseases, back pain, hurt backbone, chronicle muscular pains, joint problems and stress. The results in copybook C, through observations by the experts, the risks can vary, highlighting the ergonomic ones, the ones from incidents and the biological. We can conclude that the working conditions are not satisfactory showing the lack of knowledge about the investigation content, checked the answers in the option (do not know) and in the correct application of occupational risk prevention methods. It is recommended that one workers institutional incorporation to valorize the health professionals capacity, with emphasis in health promotion, safety, work environment and knowledge about ergonomics. Also one integrated performance from the Special Service in engineering and Labor Medicine ( SESMT-in Portuguese) with the biosafety commission, in addition stimulus to participatory management, continued effective education, and the creation of a ergonomics committee, to the analysis and interventions of the suggestion.

Submitted by Leonardo Cavalcante (leo.ocavalcante@gmail.com) on 2018-06-11T16:01:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 3089542 bytes, checksum: de3c3b6eb45ed6642e2496fe8fffd684 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T16:01:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 3089542 bytes, checksum: de3c3b6eb45ed6642e2496fe8fffd684 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The Supply chain risk management (SCRM) consists in identifying risk sources and seeking means for preventing or reducing the negative impact of a particular event. The SCRM is an important part of supply chain management, as risks can cause sudden changes within the materials flow thorough the chain, causing loss for organizations. Still, although professionals and scholars acknowledge the importance of risk management, countless difficulties remain when executing the evaluation of risks in modern supply chains. In this context, this study aims at evaluating the risks among the producer-supplier bond from a piped gas supply chain. To achieve this goal, this study follows a quali-quantitative approach, which initially defines a conceptual theoretical structure through a systematic literature review. Afterwards, elects a pivot company and establishes the other chain members that will be studied. From that, the risks were identified in the companies and, then, the risks were evaluated in terms of probability of occurrence and gravity. It has been used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for hierarchizing the risks according to their importance, conforming specialists’ opinions. For the critical risks, it was used the Monte Carlo Simulation to simulate its probability of occurrence in different scenarios. To run this simulation, it was employed the Bayes Theorem with the purpose of understanding the probability of occurrence of a specific type of risk in the pivot company considering the existence of another type of risk in it’s most relevant client. According to other results obtained, it was verified that a specific risk confronted by an organization could replicate thorough the supply chain and generate damage in both financial costs and reputation for the companies involved. Furthermore, evidences show that it is important to invest in mitigation strategies for those risks that are crucial in order to reduce its likelihood and/or its impact for companies. / A gestão de riscos em cadeias de suprimentos (SCRM – Supply chain risk management) envolve identificar as fontes de riscos e buscar meios de prevenir ou reduzir o impacto negativo de um determinado evento. A SCRM é uma parte importante da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, pois os riscos podem causar mudanças inesperadas no fluxo de materiais ao longo da cadeia, gerando prejuízos para as organizações. No entanto, embora a importância da gestão de riscos seja reconhecida pelos profissionais e pelos pesquisadores, ainda existem inúmeras dificuldades para realizar a avaliação dos riscos nas cadeias de suprimentos modernas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar os riscos no elo produtor e fornecedor de uma cadeia de suprimentos de gás canalizado. Para atingir tal objetivo, o trabalho segue uma abordagem qualiquantitativa que primeiramente define uma estrutura conceitual teórica, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Em seguida, foram selecionados uma empresa focal, e os outros componentes, da cadeia que foi estudada. A partir disso, os riscos foram identificados nas empresas da cadeia e, na sequência, eles foram avaliados em termos de probabilidade de ocorrência e severidade. Utilizou-se o AHP para hierarquizar os riscos de acordo com sua importância, de acordo com a opinião de especialistas. Para os riscos críticos, simulou-se sua probabilidade de ocorrência em diferentes cenários com a Simulação Monte Carlo. E, para executar a simulação, empregou-se o Teorema de Bayes com a finalidade de compreender a probabilidade de ocorrência de um determinado tipo de risco na empresa focal, levando-se em consideração a ocorrência de outro tipo de risco em seu cliente mais relevante. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que um determinado risco enfrentado por uma organização pode reverberar na cadeia de suprimentos, e gerar danos financeiros e de reputação para as empresas envolvidas. Além disso, percebeu-se também que é preciso investir em estratégias de mitigação para aqueles riscos que são prioritários com o objetivo de reduzir sua ocorrência e/ou seu impacto para as empresas.

Depuis le début de la décennie 2000, l’usage du concept de résilience est devenu récurrent, voire incontournable dans les domaines institutionnels de l’aide internationale (aide d’urgence, aide au développement) et de la sécurité civile (prévention, protection de la population, gestion des risques et des crises). Le concept de résilience fait parallèlement l'objet d'usages variés et parfois beaucoup plus anciens en psychologie, en géographie, dans le domaine de l'écologie, en sociologie, en science politique, en sciences de gestion et en ergonomie. Ce travail de thèse vise précisément à identifier et faire l'inventaire de ces différents usages académiques et institutionnels. La première partie recense les usages du concept de résilience dans les différentes disciplines et domaines de recherche précédemment évoqués. La seconde partie recense dans un premier temps l'usage du concept de résilience au sein des principales institutions et ONG d'aide internationale. Elle recense dans un second temps les usages du concept de résilience au sein des institutions et organisations directement concernées par les questions de sécurité civile au niveau international et européen et aux niveaux nationaux américain, britannique et français. Elle montre que l'usage du concept de résilience correspond à un processus de reconfiguration et de relégitimation de leurs activités dans un contexte de persistance des situations de crise qui a progressivement fragilisé les conditions de leur mise en œuvre. / Since the beginning of the decade 2000, the concept of resilience has been repeatedly used in the institutional fields of international aid (emergency aid, development aid) and civil security (prevention, population protection, risks and crises management) until becoming impossible to ignore. In parallel, the concept of resilience has been used in various disciplines for a much longer time, like in psychology, geography, in the field of ecology, in political science, in management studies and in ergonomics. This thesis work precisely aims at identifying and making the inventory of these different academic and institutional uses. The first part of the thesis provides an accounting of the different uses of the concept of resilience in the disciplines and search fields previously mentioned. The second part is primarly focused on the use of the concept of resilience by the main international aid institutions and NGOs. It is secondly focused on the uses of the concept of resilience by the institutions and organizations directly involved in civil security issues at an international and European level and at a national level with the United States, the United Kingdom and France. It shows that the use of the concept of resilience can be interpreted as a reconfiguration process of their activity in a context where crises persistently happen and progressively weaken their own legitimacy and conditions of action.

Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Internal Auditing in the Faculty of Business and Management Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology / The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of risk management systems within municipalities in the Overberg district of South Africa. The value of effective risk management systems in any organisation cannot be underestimated as it is responsible for appropriately identifying, assessing, and treating risks that may adversely influence the achievement of organisational objectives. The Overberg district municipalities were used as case studies to identify and evaluate the factors that could affect implementation of risk management systems at a local government level in a specific geographical area. The primary research question was what factors affect the effective implementation of risk management systems at the Overberg district municipalities. To answer this research question, sub-questions and research objectives were formulated to determine the relevant factors. The research employed descriptive statistics, as well as inferential analysis to analyse the data. Lack of sufficient funding for risk mitigation seemed to be the main factor that affects the implementation of risk management systems within the municipalities. In addition, the research highlighted the current gaps in the implementation of risk management processes. This made municipalities aware of the risks within their organisation and identified the benefits of implementing sound risk management initiatives. The contribution of the research will empower the Overberg district municipalities to manage their key organisational risks proactively. This will lead to sustainable local governments that will be able to continue to perform their primary functions effectively. From the results, it was evident that although the Overberg district municipalities had risk management systems in place, insufficient funding posed a challenge to effective risk mitigation. Municipal management should therefore allocate sufficient funding to ensure effective implementation of risk management systems.

At present, there is a high number of epidemiologic studies dealing with children´s injuries and intoxication but children´s view seemed to be interesting to be focused. The aim of this Diploma work has been to provide readers with a children´s view of injuries and intoxication, their perception of risks and the knowledge of prevention.

Bakgrund: Perifer venkateter är ett vanligt förekommande ingrepp i modern sjukvård därför är det viktigt att vara medveten om vilka risker det innebär, och vad sjuksköterskan kan göra för att förhindra komplikationer. Det finns lagar och riktlinjer som sjuksköterskan ska hålla sig till för att ge en god vård. Syfte: Att beskriva effekter av sjuksköterskans handhavande av PVK hos patienterna inom slutenvården. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts där tio artiklar med kvantitativ ansats inkluderades, dessa analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs trestegs-modell. Resultat: Fem faktorer som påverkar sjuksköterskans handhavande framkom i resultatet: hygien, komplikationer, kunskap, PVKegenskaper/placering och tid. Dessa presenteras med hjälp av tabeller. Slutsats: Det visade tydligt hur viktig sjuksköterskans handhavande är då det är just sjuksköterskan som kan arbeta för att förhindra och förebygga komplikationer, bara genom att vara uppmärksam på sina patienter och vara medveten om sina egna attityder och egenskaper. Det behövs mer forskning inom området och det är högst aktuellt att fortsätta forska inom. / Background: Peripheral venous catheter [PVC] is a common occurrence in modern health care, therefore it is important to be aware of the risks it involves and what the nurse can do to prevent complications. There are laws and guidelines that the nurse should be aware of to provide a good care. Aim: The aim of this study is to show the effects of the nurse care of PVC in patients in hospital. Method: A literature review has been made where ten articles with quantitative assumptions were included, which were analyzed using the Friberg three-step model. Result: Five different factors affecting the nurse's operation were found in the results: hygiene, complications, knowledge, PVC characteristics / location and time. These are presented with the help of tables. Conclusion: It clearly showed how important the nurse’s handling is, since it is the nurse that can work to prevent and forestall complications, just by being observant with their patients and by being aware of their own attitudes and abilities. There´s not enough research in the field and it is highly relevant to continue researching within.

Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre les décisions individuelles des acteurs des marchés de l'assurance et de la réassurance face à différents types d'information, la couverture des risques extrêmes, et les arrangements contractuels entre assureurs et réassureurs. Le contexte général de l'assurance des risques extrêmes est marqué par une intensification et un accroissement des catastrophes naturelles et industrielles depuis une vingtaine d'années dans le monde, ce qui rend délicat une évaluation correcte des caractéristiques des événements et questionne l'assurabilité de ces risques du fait de la présence d'incertitudes. La thèse est constituée de deux parties utilisant une large palette d'outils quantitatifs. La première partie se concentre sur l'analyse des effets de l'information sur les décisions d'assurance, en particulier sur les primes que les agents sont prêts à payer ou accepter pour transférer ou supporter des risques spécifiques. L'information disponible peut donner lieu à des situations de risque ou d'ambiguïté, en distinguant deux types d'ambiguïté: l'imprécision, situation dans laquelle l'information est consensuelle mais imprécise, et le conflit, situation où il y a désaccord entre experts. Cette partie s'appuie sur des enquêtes distribuées auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de la population en tant qu'acheteurs potentiels d'assurance (chapitre 2) ou auprès de professionnels de l'assurance (chapitre 3) afin d'étudier les comportements d'assurance du côté de l'offre et de la demande. Cette partie présente aussi une approche expérimentale de ces comportements avec rémunération des participants (chapitre 4). La seconde partie étudie le marché de la réassurance. Après avoir présenté les spécificités et mécanismes de ce marché (chapitre 5), l'offre de réassurance est analysée à travers des comportements d'enchères de réassureurs (chapitre 6). A partir d'une base de données exclusive, cette partie détermine les facteurs explicatifs des primes de réassurance qui dépendent des caractéristiques des risques, mais également de celles des traités, des réassureurs et du marché. / This thesis aims to better understand the individual decisions of insurance and reinsurance market actors facing different information types, the coverage of extreme risks, and the contractual arrangements between insurers and reinsurers. The insurance context of extreme risks is characterized by the intensification and the increased number of natural and industrial disasters for the last twenty years in the world, which makes it difficult to properly evaluate the event characteristics and questions the insurability of these risks due to the presence of uncertainties. The thesis is composed of two parts using a wide range of quantitative tools. The first part focuses on the analysis of information effects on insurance decisions, especially the premium that actors are willing to pay or to accept in order to transfer or to take specific risks. The available information can lead to situations of risk or ambiguity, distinguishing two ambiguity types: imprecision in which the information is consensual but imprecise, and conflict where there is a disagreement between experts. This part is based on surveys distributed to a representative sample of the population as potential insurance buyers (chapter 2) or to insurance professionals (chapter 3) in order to study demand and supply behaviors. This part also presents an experimental approach in which participants are paid according to their performance (chapter 4). The second part examines the reinsurance market. After presenting the characteristics and mechanisms of the market (chapter 5), reinsurance supply is examined through auction behaviors of reinsurers (chapter 6). 8ased on a proprietary data-base, this part identifies the underlying factors of reinsurance premiums which depend on the risk characteristics, but also on the treaties, the reinsurers and the market.