Thesis (Ph.D. ( Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / The Euro-American bereavement literature has greatly contributed towards the management of the bereaved over centuries by psychologists. However, much of the literature lacks inclusion of non-westerners‘ bereavement and grief experiences. In light of this historical weakness, the aim of the present study was to explore bereavement and mourning in the Northern Sotho community with a view to identifying and documenting the psychological themes embedded in this culturally constructed experience. A total of fourteen participants (male = 7; females = 7; aged between 35 and 85) were selected using the snowball sampling method. The data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Hycner‘s adapted phenomenological explicitation method was used to analyse the data. The four major themes that emerged during data-explicitation were; a). The influence of belief systems on the conception of death; b). The experience and expression of the pain of grief; c). Diverse bereavement rituals and cultural practices that are performed to heal the bereaved, and; d). Various mechanisms that are put in place to quarantine the bereaved from spreading death contaminations. The study findings suggest that the conceptualisation, experience, and expression of bereavement is profoundly influenced by an interplay of a plethora of factors that include people‘s varying worldviews, cultural practices, and now, the emerging new-global culture. Based on the findings of the study, a culturally informed bereavement conceptual model was developed. The model proposes that a clinician should be guided by four domains when providing grief counselling. The first domain involves the clinician looking into the client‘s belief system and how this influences the client‘s grieving process. The second domain entails analysis of the nature and circumstances surrounding death. In the third domain, the clinician will need to examine the influence of various psychological, physical and socioeconomic factors on the client‘s grief. And lastly, the clinician will need to determine the intensity and duration of the grief experience. It is envisaged that this model could help in the provision of person-centred grief counselling services within a multicultural context. The study further elaborates on the lessons the field of psychology could learn from the study findings. The findings are also discussed in the context of the emerging field of Africa psychology. / SAHUDA/NIHSS

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal presentar una colección de alta costura, el cual aborda el tema de estudio La danza de tijeras: ritual andino. La investigación ha desarrollado varios aspectos relacionados a la danza de tijeras, tales como el origen y sus características. Asimismo, se han descrito las características del mundo andino y su vinculación con los rituales de la danza de tijeras. Luego, se realizó la justificación, el desarrollo de los objetivos y el estado del arte. En este último, se ha entrevistado a investigadores y artistas para consolidar la información obtenida que a su vez han contribuido al desarrollo del trabajo en las definiciones y datos. Además, en base a la teorización del tema se ha diseñado un proceso visual con moodboards, el desarrollo de prototipos de estructuras y de antecedentes de diseño. Finalmente, inspirado en los moodboards se realizó un collage y los bocetos de la colección en la indumentaria con la descripción del usuario propuesto. Los resultados evidencian una relación entre los elementos que componen al danzante en el proceso creativo y la elaboración en cada indumento propuesto. / The main objective of this research work is to present a collection of haute couture, which it addresses the subject of study The dance of scissors: andean ritual. In the first place, the research has developed several aspects related to the scissors dance, such as the origin and its characteristics. Likewise, the characteristics of the Andean world and its link with the rituals of the scissor dance have been described. Then, the justification, the development of the objectives and the state of the art were carried out. In the latter, researchers and artists have been interviewed to consolidate the information obtained, which in turn have contributed to the development of the work on definitions and data. Moreover, based on the theorization of the subject, a visual process has been designed with moodboards, the development of prototypes of structures and of design backgrounds. Finally, inspired by the moodboards, a collage and sketches of the collection were made on the clothing with the description of the proposed user. The results show a relationship between the elements that make up the dancer in the creative process and the elaboration in each proposed outfit. / Trabajo de investigación

La mise en pratique des politiques d’intégration des femmes migrantes est un objet d’études dont les sciences sociales s’emparent peu. La majorité des recherches, surtout comparées, sur les politiques d’intégration des immigrés ont procédé par des analyses normatives et discursives, et cela à l’échelle nationale. Cette recherche s’efforce de compléter les savoirs antérieurs à partir de résultats tirés d’une enquête de terrain réalisée au sein de deux maisons de quartier, des institutions sociopolitiques chargées des politiques sociales participatives, une à Paris et une autre à Helsinki. De cette façon, elle confronte les discours officiels sur l’intégration des femmes migrantes à la réalité du terrain, aux contextes, aux acteurs et aux pratiques situées. Elle montre que bien que les politiques françaises et finlandaises soient fondées sur des objectifs similaires — faire passer les femmes migrantes de leur situation de marginalité à une citoyenneté complète — les dispositifs locaux et les pratiques ordinaires varient considérablement. Pour analyser la pratique ordinaire des politiques d’intégration, cette thèse développe la notion de travail d’attachementdont le but est le tissage d’un lien de citoyenneté plus fort chez les femmes migrantes. Elle porte donc sur les interactions à travers lesquelles ce lien est formé. Elle interroge d’un côté les rituels d’attachement par lesquels les agents des maisons de quartier aspirent à l’intégration des femmes migrantes et d’un autre côté les tactiques d’attachement que les femmes migrantes déploient au sein des maisons de quartier afin de poursuivre l’intégration telle qu’elles la comprennent. Si la comparaison franco-finlandaise permet de mettre en évidence des mécanismes généraux du travail d’attachement, elle nuance aussi l’analyse de la citoyenneté féminine en montrant que cette dernière est solidifiée plutôt selon les logiques de l’éthique de care en Finlande et selon celles de l’éthique de la justice en France. De façon plus générale, cette thèse étudie les pratiques du travail social qui visent le renforcement de l’attachement des populations marginalisées à l’ensemble de la société, pratiques davantage tournées aujourd’hui vers la production de l’expérience émotionnelle de l’égalité citoyenne. / Although research into immigrant integration policies abounds, the concrete practice of implementing immigrant integration policies, especially those targeting migrant women, remains an understudied domain in social sciences. Comparative research in particular tends to concentrate on the national level of analysis and the normative and discursive dimensions of integration policies. This research adopts an alternative approach based on ethnographic field research conducted in a “neighbourhood center” in both Paris and Helsinki over a four-year-period. Such centres are in both countries public institutions where participative social policies are put in practice. In doing so, the research examines empirically the official discourse on integration policies targeting migrant women by looking at situated actors and practices. Despite the similar normative foundations of French and Finnish policies – namely the objective of facilitating the passage of migrant women from a situation of marginality to that of full citizenship, at the local level important variation exists. This esearch develops the notion of bonding work (travail d’attachment), using it to analyse the ordinary practices of solidifying the citizenship bond of migrant women. This finding on the importance of bonding work in the context of every-day interactions between state agents and migrants at the neighbourhood centre draws attention simultaneously to the rituals through which state agents aspire to strengthen migrant womens’ citizenship bond, as well as to the tactics through which migrant women themselves pursue their attachment to the national community. The comparative design of this research is important because it allows for the identification of general mechanisms of such attachment work while also tapping into the cross-national variation in principles and practices related to womens’ citizenship. Such variation is aligned with the ethnics of care in Finland and with the ethics of justice in France. At a more general level, this research develops conceptual tools for analysing contemporary social policies targeting marginalized social groups, policies that are increasingly driven by the notion of attachment and the emotional experience of equality.

The Spirit tradition is a fairly new tradition with its essential focus on experiencing the Holy Spirit. This tradition has made its latest and most influential appearance during the Azusa street revival in Los Angeles at the start of the 1900s. This has started a new wave or move if you want across the earth andhas made inroads into most other existing traditions. It is a tradition fashioned by the needs of believers and the reality of experiencing the Holy Spirit. Worship is a vital part of any Charismatic church service. Upbeat music with talented bands is up front and ready to lead people into passionate and expressive worship. Their worship stretches further than just music. They attempt to fashion their lives as a worship offering to God. Within the Charismatic tradition, the word Liturgy is unheard of, even though it is part of their service. Part of this worship includes the celebration of Communion. Communion is celebrated all over the world in most Christian churches. It has been one of the most sacred sacraments of the church through the centuries. With it came many feuds over doctrine and challenges regarding the form, meaning, presence, elements and so forth. It has been thecenter of many debates. But it still remains central to any believer. The researcher has looked at the history of the Spirit tradition within chapter 2 with its main focus on liturgical rituals of healing, exorcism and speaking in tongues. These rituals are researched and traced all through history. The rituals are present and active in every era the researcher looked at. The Theology of the spirit tradition was also explored. She then went on to look at the history of the Eucharist. The changes and forms were noted. A deeper understanding of the celebration of the Eucharist was realized and the Theology depicted the differences in opinion. No current day practical theological research is complete without Empirical research. This made the researcher more involved. By participatory observation and questionnaires, essential information was gathered regarding how believers in Charismatic churches appropriate their participation during the celebration of Communion. New insights were gained. Based on this research the researcher came to the conclusion that the Meal-and the Spirit worship traditions can come together in a more meaningful way. The true meaning needs to be taught to believers so that a deeper knowledge of the truth of Communion can be gained. Communion cannot remain watered-down and enter as an afterthought during a service. It has the potential to be an incredible experience by any Christian believer. When the Spirit and the Meal can be brought together in a more meaningful way, it has the potential to become the future of Charismatic worship. This conclusion is worked out in some detail in the final chapter. / Dissertation (MA Theol)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Practical Theology / unrestricted

MAAS / M.E.R Mathivha Centre for Languages Arts and Culture

No description available.

Sammanfattning Titel: Hur styr ledare med organisationskultur på distans? - En kvalitativ studie om organisationskultur ur ett ledningsperspektiv Nivå: C-uppsats, examensarbete i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Anevay Clement och Hanna Johansson Handledare: Niklas Bomark Datum: 2021 - januari Syfte: Organisationskultur är viktigt för att företag ska uppnå effektivitet och framgång. Ledare kan med hjälp av artefakter styra medarbetare med organisationskultur. På grund av Covid-19 tvingas företag att arbeta på distans istället för på kontoret. Därmed är syftet med studien att bidra med kunskap kring hur ledare i kontorsbaserade företag styr medarbetare med organisationskultur när verksamheten ställer om till distansarbete. Studien konkretiserar hur ledare kan styra med organisationskultur på distans. Metod: Studien grundar sig i den hermeneutiska traditionen där en kvalitativ flerfallsdesign genomförts för att undersöka hur ledare i två utvalda kontorsbaserade företag styr med ritualer och språk, när medarbetarna genomgår en snabb omställning så att de arbetar på distans. Studien har utgått från sex semistrukturerade intervjuer och tre dokument.  Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar att kommunikation och interaktion är viktigt för organisationskulturer. För att upprätthålla detta under distansarbete har ledare justerat och anpassat ritualer. Studien presenterar ritualer som fungerat för att ledare att styra med organisationskultur på distans. Examensarbetets bidrag: Denna studie bidrar till befintlig teori inom ämnet organisationskultur då den visar att ledare kan styra medarbetare med organisationskultur på distans om de justerar och anpassar de ritualer som tidigare använts på arbetsplatsen. Ett ytterligare bidrag är att studien presenterar specifika ritualer, som fungerat väl för de studerade företagen, och som ledare kan inspireras av när de genomför kulturstyrning under distansarbete. Studien bidrar till praktiker då den ger förslag på ritualer som ska underlätta vid kulturstyrning på distans då de minimerar nackdelarna med distansarbete. Förslag till vidare forskning: Förslag på vidare forskning är att undersöka hur ledares styrning av organisationskultur fungerar på lång sikt. Håller ritualerna, som denna studie presenterar, på lång sikt? Blir språket på ett annat vis när distansarbete har tillämpats längre tid? Förändras värderingar på längre sikt? Vad leder dessa faktorer till? / Abstract   Title: How do leaders manage with organization culture at a distance? - A qualitative study of organizational culture from a management perspective Level: Final assignment for bachelor’s degree in business administration Authors: Anevay Clement and Hanna Johansson Supervisor: Niklas Bomark Date: 2021 - January Aim: Organizational culture is important for companies to achieve efficiency and success. Leaders can, with the help of artifacts, guide employees with an organizational culture. Due to Covid-19, companies are forced to work remotely instead of in the office. Thus, the purpose of the study is to contribute with knowledge about how leaders in office-based companies control employees with an organizational culture when the business switches to telework. The study concretizes how leaders can control organizational culture at a distance.  Method: The study is based on the hermeneutic tradition where a qualitative multiple case design has been used to create knowledge regarding how leaders in two selected office-based companies control rituals and language when employees undergo a rapid transition to working remotely. Result and Conclusions: The study shows that communication and interaction are important for organizational cultures. To maintain this during telework, leaders have adjusted and adapted rituals. The study presents rituals that have worked for leaders to control with organizational culture at a distance. Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to existing theory in the subject of organizational culture as it shows that leaders can control employees with organizational culture remotely if they adjust and adapt the rituals previously used in the workplace. An additional contribution is that the study presents specific rituals, which have worked well for the companies studied, and which leaders can be inspired by when they carry out cultural management during telework. The study contributes to practitioners as it provides suggestions for rituals that will facilitate cultural control at a distance as it minimizes the disadvantages of teleworking. Suggestions for further research: Suggestions to further research is to examine how leaders' control of organizational culture works long term. Will the rituals that this study presents last in the long run? Will the language change when applying telework for a long time? Will the values change in the long run? What do these factors lead to?

Blood symbolism is a phenomenon that is commonly processed in literature, especially within the fantasy genre. Siri Pettersen’s fantasy novel Kraften (2016) does not make an exception from this tradition. In this essay I present the different levels of blood symbolism and textual aesthetics within Kraften while focusing on four perspectives: violence, sexual acts, bodily functions and rituals. As a result, I find that blood symbolism has a profound connection to Pettersen’s characters and fantasy universe as a whole; that the particular force affecting the earth can represent the Norse giant Ymir’s symbolic blood. I also find that the contemporary view of blood – menstrual or other – is impacted by ancient cultural traditions and beliefs among the very first humans walking the earth. And finally, that blood symbolism operates very much like the first law of thermodynamics in fantasy literature: it cannot disappear or be destroyed, only be recreated into new forms.

The thesis illustrates the emergence and development of the types of symbolic capital, networks and fields used by the rulers of Easter Island in their exercise of power, and what possible consequences they may have for their habitus. There is no concrete conclusion, but it is possible to see reasonable course of events, where the archaeological finds form the milestones, and it is possible to trace the formation and expansion of a field, created from material assets, inventions, social thoughts and actions. There are signs of variation, or different phases, in the field, over time. The rulers seem to have tried to control the field by, for example, building monuments, such as ahu and statues, or in other words, the authorities of Easter Island managed to create different types of assets. In addition, various organizational forms, sacred places and buildings, taboos and traditions have been used in the form of ceremonies, rituals and sacrifices of various kinds. This symbolic capital has been used by the rulers to steer residents' work and striving in the desired direction, and to create a habitus that everyone feels involved in. This habitus has probably changed when new businesses entered the market.

Death is a drastic event in one’s life. Through grief, mourning and bereavement, people heal the hurt of their loss of a loved one. Little research exists on bereavement in Black transitional societies of South Africa. As such, the objective of this study was to explore how widows in South African transitional societies, whose husbands have died of terminal illnesses, experience bereavement, and how they cognitively process and cope with the loss. The Participants’ bereavement process was defined as starting when they become aware of their husbands’ anticipated death (anticipatory bereavement). Unstructured and structured interviews were conducted with 10 widows from the community under study and a thematic analysis was performed on the data. Five themes emerged concerning the Participants’ personal characteristics, their challenges and how they dealt with them, their experiences of stressors, and coping. Although the Participants responded to the news of the deaths of their husbands in a similar manner, there were differences in other responses, reflecting individual differences in coping strategies. Some Participants seemed more adaptive, with greater openness and flexibility in social cognition and greater problem-focused coping, while others showed more negative emotions in social interaction, greater loneliness, and expressed relatively closed and inflexible social cognition. However, positive or negative responses and coping did not necessarily determine whether bereavement would be functional or dysfunctional. It was found that the Participants’ anticipatory bereavement did not ease or shorten their sense or period of bereavement after their husband’s death. A model of the cognitive-affective-motivational-behavioural network of bereavement was developed, taking into account the role of culture and how each Participant’s cognition, affect, and the kind of attachment to their husbands motivated their behaviours in particular ways in coping effectively or ineffectively with their bereavement. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted