The mining environment is one of the largest contributors to the South African economy and provides employment and a livelihood to many South African households. However; the mining environment is one of the most hazardous and production-driven environments in South Africa and worldwide, often leaving households without their primary provider, as a result of accidents. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between work stressors, job insecurity, union support, job satisfaction and safety motivation and -behaviour, also to determine whether the levels of job satisfaction mediate the relationship between work stressors, job insecurity, union support and safety motivation and -behaviour. The role conflict scale (Rizzo, House, & Lirtzman, 1970), role overload (qualitative and quantitative) scale (Beehr, Walsh, & Taber, 1976; Sverke, Hellgren, & Öhrming, 1999), job insecurity scale (Hellgren, Sverke, & Isaksson, 1999), union support scale (Shore, Tetrick, Sinclair, & Newton, 1994), job satisfaction scale (Hellgren, Sjöberg & Sverke, 1997), safety motivation scale (Neal, Griffin, & Hart, 2000), safety behaviour scale (Neal et al., 2000) and a biographical questionnaire were administered to employees (N = 260) from the mining industry. A cross-sectional survey design was utilised. The scales demonstrated acceptable levels of internal consistency. Increased levels of work stressors and job insecurity were found to be associated with decreased levels of job satisfaction. Also, increased levels of perceived union support were associated with increased levels of job satisfaction and safety motivation and -behaviour. Finally, it was found that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between union support and safety motivation and -behaviour. Recommendations were made to be applied in practice, as well as for future research. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The mining environment is one of the largest contributors to the South African economy and provides employment and a livelihood to many South African households. However; the mining environment is one of the most hazardous and production-driven environments in South Africa and worldwide, often leaving households without their primary provider, as a result of accidents. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between work stressors, job insecurity, union support, job satisfaction and safety motivation and -behaviour, also to determine whether the levels of job satisfaction mediate the relationship between work stressors, job insecurity, union support and safety motivation and -behaviour. The role conflict scale (Rizzo, House, & Lirtzman, 1970), role overload (qualitative and quantitative) scale (Beehr, Walsh, & Taber, 1976; Sverke, Hellgren, & Öhrming, 1999), job insecurity scale (Hellgren, Sverke, & Isaksson, 1999), union support scale (Shore, Tetrick, Sinclair, & Newton, 1994), job satisfaction scale (Hellgren, Sjöberg & Sverke, 1997), safety motivation scale (Neal, Griffin, & Hart, 2000), safety behaviour scale (Neal et al., 2000) and a biographical questionnaire were administered to employees (N = 260) from the mining industry. A cross-sectional survey design was utilised. The scales demonstrated acceptable levels of internal consistency. Increased levels of work stressors and job insecurity were found to be associated with decreased levels of job satisfaction. Also, increased levels of perceived union support were associated with increased levels of job satisfaction and safety motivation and -behaviour. Finally, it was found that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between union support and safety motivation and -behaviour. Recommendations were made to be applied in practice, as well as for future research. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Knowledge management literature identifies numerous barriers that inhibit employees' knowledge seeking and knowledge contributing practices via information and communication technologies (ICTs). Presently, there is a significant gap in the literature that explains what factors promote common knowledge sharing barriers. To bridge this gap, this study examined two research questions: 1) What are the potential factors that contribute to the commonly accepted barriers to knowledge sharing?, and 2) How do these factors impact employees' use of ICTs for knowledge seeking and knowledge contributing? Literature review of 103 knowledge management articles identified three major barriers to knowledge sharing practices (lack of time, poor communication skills, and lack of trust) and three underlying factors that promoted these barriers (role conflict, role ambiguity, and locus of control). A six-stage content analysis study of the 103 knowledge articles identified 199 references to the observed contributors. To address the second research question, a causal knowledge sharing model was developed and seven hypotheses proposed. A survey consisting of 41 questions was distributed to 1,368 full-time analysts from a variety of industries, and 314 useful responses were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results confirmed that role conflict, role ambiguity, and locus of control predicted knowledge seeking and knowledge contributing behaviors via ICTs. Moreover, type of ICTs used was found to moderate the strength of these predictors.

No description available.

Masculine gender role conflict (MGRC) occurs when externally-imposed male gender role expectations have a negative impact on and consequences for men. The purpose of this study was to examine how men in a homogeneous setting (i.e., a college campus) compare on MGRC and psychological well-being, based on their self-identified sexual orientation. Utilizing canonical correlation analysis, 96 heterosexual men and 102 gay men were compared on four factors of MGRC (conflict between work and family, restrictive emotionality, restrictive affectionate behavior between men, and success, power, and competition) and five factors of psychological well-being (anger, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and attitudes toward seeking psychological help). Findings for the heterosexual men were highly consistent with previous studies on MGRC and psychological well-being in a college-age population. Findings for the gay men indicated they had more problems with MGRC and psychological well-being than college-age and older gay men surveyed in the one published study on gay men and MGRC. Gay men who were single also reported more problems with restrictive emotionality, anger, anxiety, and depression, and had lower self-esteem, than gay men who were in a relationship. Between group differences were few, with gay men reporting significantly less restrictive affectionate behavior between men than heterosexual men. There were no significant differences between the two groups on any of the psychological well-being variables, indicating that the gay men were no more pathological than the heterosexual men with respect to their psychological well-being. Overall, the psychological well-being of both populations was seen to suffer as a result of increased MGRC. Implications are discussed for psychological interventions with men who are bound by traditional male gender role stereotypes.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur hemtjänstpersonal verksamma i en kom-mun med Sveriges högsta sjukfrånvaro, upplever den psykosociala arbetsmiljön ut-ifrån aspekterna rollkonflikt, socialt stöd och samvetsstress samt upplevda hinder och möjligheter inom området. Metoden var kvalitativa enskilda semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem hemtjänstpersonal. Resultatet visade att respondenterna hade upplevelser av rollkonflikter, bristande socialt stöd och samvetsstress. Vidare visade resultaten att upplevda hinder för en god psykosocial arbetsmiljö var stress, bris-tande kommunikation och information. Möjligheter för en god psykosocial arbets-miljö upplevdes vara god kommunikation och gott samarbete med andra profess-ioner samt möjlighet att vårda relationen till brukaren för att bättre möta dennes behov. Studien visade att respondenternas upplevelser av psykosocial arbetsmiljö och de undersökta aspekterna rollkonflikt, socialt stöd och samvetsstress till stor del var orsakade av äldreomsorgens och hemtjänstens förändringar. Studien visade även att respondenterna arbetar under de psykosociala arbetsförhållanden som kan ge mest negativa hälsoeffekter. / The aim of the study was to investigate how home care staff, working in a munici-pality with Sweden's highest rates of sick leave, experience their psychosocial work environment from the perspectives of role conflict, social support, stress of con-science and perceived obstacles and opportunities connected to their work. The method was qualitative semistructured individual interviews with five home care staff. The results showed that the respondents had experiences of role conflicts, lack of social support, and stress of conscience. Perceived barriers to a good psychosocial work environment where stress, lack of communication and information. Opportu-nities was perceived to be good communication, cooperation and time to nuture re-lationschip with the client. The study showed that respondents' perceptions of the psychosocial work environment was largely caused by the changes in old age care and home services. The study also showed that respondents are working under psy-chosocial conditions that can give the most adverse health effects.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between masculine gender role conflict, attachment variables, narcissism, and adjustment. It was expected that men who reported higher masculine gender role conflict would also report unhealthy attachment, have a greater degree of narcissism and poorer adjustment. This study employed a sample of undergraduate males who completed self-report questionnaires measuring masculine gender role conflict, narcissism, adjustment, and attachment. Hypotheses were tested using canonical correlation techniques. Results indicated that healthy attachment was related to low masculine gender role conflict; however, unhealthy attachment was not related to high masculine gender role conflict. In terms of narcissism, higher amounts of narcissism were related to high amounts of gender role conflict, but in a subset of results individuals who reported low masculine gender role conflict also reported higher narcissism in areas that are assumed to relate to positive self regard. Results related to adjustment indicated that high masculine gender role conflict was related to less psychological well-being replicating past studies. Theoretical and methodological issues were discussed in light of these findings.

The master thesis, "The significance of male role models in adolescence: Contribution to male psychology" focuses on knowledges of social sciences of the concept of masculinity. The thesis emphasizes male role models and their significance for the process of male identity development in adolescence and emerging adulthood. The theoretical part is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter describes terms of gender, patriarchy and mens crisis and makes preliminary frame of the whole text. The second chapter presents biological, social and psychological aspects of masculinity. The third chapter pursues socialization process and its gender aspects in two following periods - adolescence and emerging adulthood. The forth, fundamental, chapter is dedicated to male rites of passage and male role models and their psychological significance. The empirical part describes the qualitative research procedure - the maping study including six adult males at the age of around thirty. Semi-structured interviews and subsequent analysis illustrate selected phenomenons related to masculinity, male role and male role models without a claim for any generalization.

Studiens ambition har varit att undersöka hur universitetskuratorer och frivårdsinspektörer arbetar med unga vuxna män avseende rådande samhälleliga maskulinitetsnormer och dess eventuella koppling till unga vuxna mäns (18–25 år) psykiska ohälsa samt undersöka det professionella kunskapsläget gällande detsamma. I studien har sju kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med fyra frivårdsinspektörer och tre universitetskuratorer. Empirin har analyserats tematiskt där yrkesgrupperna har analyserats separat, men även tillsammans för att tydliggöra eventuella likheter och skillnader. Resultaten i studien ger indikationer på att de frivårdsinspektörer som intervjuats arbetar med delar av begreppet maskulinitetsnormer i större utsträckning än universitetskuratorerna. Gemensamt framkom även indikationer på att utökad forskning och kunskap om unga vuxna män, maskulinitetsnormer och dess eventuella koppling till psykisk ohälsa, potentiellt skulle kunna bidra positivt inom det operativa, professionella sociala arbetsfältet för de yrkesprofessionella som arbetar med unga vuxna män. / <p>2019-01-17</p>