Esta tese discute a produção do espaço urbano em Atenas de 200 a.C. a 14 d.C., analisando a interação entre práticas evergéticas, propaganda dinástica/imperial, e tradições e demandas locais. Após um extensivo levantamento dos estudos sobre o tema, assim como suas fontes e paradigmas, os capítulos que seguem discutem as intervenções espaciais em Atenas realizadas por ou em associação a reis helenísticos, potentados romanos e a casa imperial. Argumenta-se que estas intervenções formaram diferentes programas urbanos com lógicas espaciais específicas; e cada programa urbano deveria dialogar com os anteriores para afirmar sua própria lógica. Mais do que uma mera metáfora da história política, a história espacial de Atenas tardo-helenística e romana é tomada como parte da cultura material pela qual as estruturas políticas locais e imperiais se (re)produziam, no contexto de processos de integração mediterrânicos específicos. / This thesis discusses the production of the Athenian urban space from 200 BC to 14 AD, analyzing the interaction between euergetic practices, dynastic/imperial propaganda, and local traditions and demands. After a extensive survey of the studies on this subject and their sources and paradigms, the following chapters discuss the Athenian spatial interventions made by or in association with Hellenistic kings, Roman rulers and the imperial family. It is argued that these interventions formed different urban programs with specific spatial logics; and each urban program must dialogue with the earlier ones to assert its own logic. More than a mere metaphor of political history, the spatial history of Late Hellenistic and Early Roman Athens is taken as part of the material culture by which imperial and local political structures (re)produced themselves, in the context of specific Mediterraneans process of integration.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:18:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-10-07 / Este trabalho nasceu com o objetivo de verificar a relação Igreja e Estado no século XIX, e dentro desse contexto procurou enfatizar o processo de Romanização da Igreja frente à modernidade que passava a se configurar. Analisamos o posicionamento da Igreja, que optando por ser mais Romana, respondeu, assim, às transformações oriundas do turbulento mundo moderno. A nível geral a reação da Igreja aparece através do posicionamento firme dos Papas Ultramontanos, de Pio IX a Pio XI, que utilizando um novo instrumento, as encíclicas, combatem abertamente o que consideram como distorção dos valores religiosos e ao mesmo tempo conclamam seus Bispos, padres e fiéis espalhados pelo mundo a se unirem e fortalecerem com um posicionamento mais romano, a fé católica. No Brasil focalizamos a ação dos Bispos reformadores, que contra o Padroado do Império brasileiro, travaram a Questão Religiosa, levando à prisão Dom Antônio de Macedo e Dom Vital e alterando consideravelmente as relações entre Igreja e Estado, que contribuiu para o enfraquecimento do Império no Brasil. E finalmente, chegamos à implantação da Diocese de Manaus, que já nasce romanizada dentro do novo cenário político do Brasil, a República. Portanto, enfrenta desde os seus primeiros passos grandes desafios para se firmar e responder fielmente às diretrizes romanas. Olhamos para a Diocese através da ação dos seus três primeiros administradores episcopais: Dom Lourenço Aguiar; Dom Frederico Costa e Dom Irineu Joffily. E com o intuito de adentrar e compreender a vivência religiosa nesse contexto romanizante, buscamos apresentar a ação das Congregações Religiosas e a receptividade do Laicato para com a Romanização.

This paper argues the institution of Roman bathing was an instrument of cultural hegemony, which allowed the Roman Empire to maintain hegemony over the Roman provinces. Numerous frameworks have been suggested in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between Rome and the provinces. Roman imperialism has been a topic of debate for over one hundred years and the vicissitudes of scholarly thought are highlighted by the changes in the characterization of the theory of Romanization. In the recent past, scholars have sought a framework that could progress beyond the problematic concept of Romanization in order to better understand acculturation in the Roman provinces. In this paper, I provide an alternative method for examining the somewhat hackneyed issue of Roman imperialism. I argue the relationship between Rome and the provinces can be examined through the Gramcian theory of cultural hegemony. Using cultural hegemony, I explore the political consequences of direct change acculturation of the provinces of the Roman Empire. I argue that Roman culture was an efficacious mechanism for the dissemination of Roman ideology and diffusion of the Roman worldview was politically advantageous for Rome. Furthermore, I argue the custom of public bathing was a Roman cultural phenomenon that aided the Empire in preserving their hegemony in the provinces.

This thesis examines the cultural and social relationships cultivated by ethnically diverse auxiliary soldiers in the western Roman empire. These soldiers were enrolled in the Roman auxilia, military units that drew primarily on the non-Roman subjects of the empire for their recruits in numbers that equaled the legionaries. I argue that auxiliary soldiers could and did maintain large families, and demonstrate, from epigraphic data collected and presented in my dissertation, how foreign ethnic and religious identities were variously integrated into Roman military culture by both individual auxiliaries and the Roman state. The history of the auxilia in Germany from the time of Augustus and in Britain from the time of Claudius is discussed, with extensive reference to epigraphic material provided in appendices to this work. Analysis of military diplomas from across the Roman empire demonstrates a significant phenomenon of auxiliary family creation that helps to contextualize the diploma data from Germania and Britannia. Research on further epigraphic evidence from Germania and Britannia demonstrates a marked diversity in religious dedications by auxiliary soldiers and further evidence for auxiliary families. From a discussion of the history of the concept of ‘Romanization’ and other theoretical models that can be applied to the study of the auxilia, the continued usefulness of the evolving concept of ‘Romanization’ to our understanding of auxiliary cultural integration is assessed. Auxiliary service is shown to have provided many non-Roman ethnic groups avenues of cultural and legal inclusion that each soldier, surely in his own way, could exploit.

This thesis examines the cultural and social relationships cultivated by ethnically diverse auxiliary soldiers in the western Roman empire. These soldiers were enrolled in the Roman auxilia, military units that drew primarily on the non-Roman subjects of the empire for their recruits in numbers that equaled the legionaries. I argue that auxiliary soldiers could and did maintain large families, and demonstrate, from epigraphic data collected and presented in my dissertation, how foreign ethnic and religious identities were variously integrated into Roman military culture by both individual auxiliaries and the Roman state. The history of the auxilia in Germany from the time of Augustus and in Britain from the time of Claudius is discussed, with extensive reference to epigraphic material provided in appendices to this work. Analysis of military diplomas from across the Roman empire demonstrates a significant phenomenon of auxiliary family creation that helps to contextualize the diploma data from Germania and Britannia. Research on further epigraphic evidence from Germania and Britannia demonstrates a marked diversity in religious dedications by auxiliary soldiers and further evidence for auxiliary families. From a discussion of the history of the concept of ‘Romanization’ and other theoretical models that can be applied to the study of the auxilia, the continued usefulness of the evolving concept of ‘Romanization’ to our understanding of auxiliary cultural integration is assessed. Auxiliary service is shown to have provided many non-Roman ethnic groups avenues of cultural and legal inclusion that each soldier, surely in his own way, could exploit.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-03-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:43:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_la_dr_assis.pdf: 1190579 bytes, checksum: 32ca957a1a3a2d1829881387c2a744d1 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O protestantismo foi um movimento histórico que atuou como força cultural e religiosa no campo religioso nas primeiras décadas da República brasileira. As noções de campo, representação e crença nortearam a pesquisa. O protestantismo foi analisado desde as suas origens, conflitos, números e representações, na sua configuração regional maranhense. O processo de romanização da Igreja Católica no Maranhão definiu estratégias, confrontos e o controle das devoções populares, e determinou dificuldades para os protestantes. As mudanças e transformações ocorridas durante a Primeira República redefiniram os novos centros do sagrado no campo religioso brasileiro. Em busca de posições neste campo, os protestantes construíram sentidos e identidades por meio de instituições e de publicações. O pluralismo evangélico incidiu na pluralidade cultural e religiosa em curso na sociedade brasileira, e articulou, junto com outros movimentos, os discursos da civilização e da modernidade. A crença evangélica em sua interface com a cultura e a religiosidade foi analisada a partir da historiografia sobre o protestantismo, da iconografia do quadro dos Dois Caminhos, da biografia de Miguel Vieira Ferreira e do olhar desinteressado do jornalista João do Rio. As outras faces do sagrado protestante na cultura brasileira foram múltiplas a partir dos paradigmas da crença, das representações, do sujeito e da cultura. / The protestantism was a historical movement that acted as a religious and cultural force in the religious field in the first decades of the Brazilian Republic. The notions of field, representation and belief guided the research. The protestantism was analysed from its origins, conflicts, numbers and representations, in its regional configuration in Maranhão. The process of Romanization of the Catholic Church in Maranhão defined the strategies, the conflicts, and the control over popular devotions, and determined difficulties for the protestants. The changes and transformations that occurred during the First Republic redefined the new centers of sacredness in the Brazilian religions field. Searching for positions in this field, the protestantism built meanings and identities through institutions and publications. The evangelical pluralism entered the currently cultural and religious pluralism, and articulated, with other movements, the discourses of civilization and modernity. The evangelical belief and the interface between it and the historiography about the protestantism were analysed from the iconography of the picture The Narrow and the Broad Way , from Miguel Vieira Ferreira s biography and from the journalist João do Rio s desinterested view. The other faces of the protestant sacredness in Brazilian culture were many, from the paradigms of the belief, the representations, the subject and the culture.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:00:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 michelle.pdf: 1508972 bytes, checksum: d051f559132145f15d645c7374e29b68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation intends to identify and analyze the religious tensions and relations of power forged within the Irmandade de Nossa Senhora do Rosário and São Bandito dos Homens Pretos, from 1905 to 1925 a period in which the Catholic Church was undergoing a structural reform that would transform it in one of the most important disciplinary institutions of the First Republic. The study aims to understand some of the mechanisms used by the Catholic Church in its project of remodeling and normalizing of expressions, attitudes, and devotional practices of popular direction inside the secular institution, as a way of observing (re)significations resulting from the Romanization of Catholicism in Florianópolis, as well as the structural changes in the lay institution / O presente trabalho pretende identificar e analisar as tensões religiosas e relações de poder forjadas no interior da Irmandade de Nossa Senhora do Rosário e São Benedito dos Homens Pretos no período de 1905 a 1925, época em que a Igreja Católica passava por uma reforma estrutural que a transformaria em uma das principais instituições disciplinares da Primeira República. Interessa-nos tentar compreender alguns mecanismos utilizados pela Igreja Católica no projeto de remodelação e normatização das manifestações, posturas e práticas devocionais de cunho popular no interior da instituição leiga, de forma a observar (re)significações decorrentes da Romanização do Catolicismo em Florianópolis, bem como as mudanças estruturais da instituição leiga

Esta tese discute a produção do espaço urbano em Atenas de 200 a.C. a 14 d.C., analisando a interação entre práticas evergéticas, propaganda dinástica/imperial, e tradições e demandas locais. Após um extensivo levantamento dos estudos sobre o tema, assim como suas fontes e paradigmas, os capítulos que seguem discutem as intervenções espaciais em Atenas realizadas por ou em associação a reis helenísticos, potentados romanos e a casa imperial. Argumenta-se que estas intervenções formaram diferentes programas urbanos com lógicas espaciais específicas; e cada programa urbano deveria dialogar com os anteriores para afirmar sua própria lógica. Mais do que uma mera metáfora da história política, a história espacial de Atenas tardo-helenística e romana é tomada como parte da cultura material pela qual as estruturas políticas locais e imperiais se (re)produziam, no contexto de processos de integração mediterrânicos específicos. / This thesis discusses the production of the Athenian urban space from 200 BC to 14 AD, analyzing the interaction between euergetic practices, dynastic/imperial propaganda, and local traditions and demands. After a extensive survey of the studies on this subject and their sources and paradigms, the following chapters discuss the Athenian spatial interventions made by or in association with Hellenistic kings, Roman rulers and the imperial family. It is argued that these interventions formed different urban programs with specific spatial logics; and each urban program must dialogue with the earlier ones to assert its own logic. More than a mere metaphor of political history, the spatial history of Late Hellenistic and Early Roman Athens is taken as part of the material culture by which imperial and local political structures (re)produced themselves, in the context of specific Mediterraneans process of integration.

Essa pesquisa ensejou ampliar a discussão sobre os templos de tradição gaulesa em espaços urbanos na Gália romana durante o Alto Império Romano e fornecer substratos para a compreensão deste fenômeno. Alguns debates perpassaram toda a concepção, estudo e interpretação dos dados: a \"romanização\", a relação entre política e religião, a questão da antecedência e continuidade de cultos religiosos gauleses e a organização de espaços na Gália romana. O levantamento de plantas onde os fana tinham uma relação com o espaço urbano construído segundo as tradições arquitetônicas romanas permitiu o estabelecimento de dados que, quando comparados, possibilitaram apresentar um quadro mais preciso sobre o papel da religiosidade galo-romana frente à instituição simbólica e material do espaço urbano. / This research envisaged to enlarge the discussion about the temples of Gaul tradition in urban spaces at the Roman Gaul during the High Roman Empire and to give bases for understanding these phenomena. Some debates perpassed all the conception, study and interpretation of data: the \"romanization\", the relationship between politics and religion, the continuation of Gaul religious cults and the space organization in Roman Gaul. The survey of plans where the fana had a relationship with the urban space built according with Roman architectural traditions, has allowed the establishment of data which, when compared to each other, allowed for the presentation of a more precise image of the role of Roman Gaul religiosity in face of the material and symbolic institution of the urban space.

<p dir="ltr">This thesis delves into emotion recognition in Hindi-English code-mixed dialogues, particularly focusing on romanized text, which is essential for understanding multilingual communication dynamics. Using a dataset from bilingual television shows, the study employs machine learning and natural language processing techniques, with models like Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, and XLM-Roberta tailored to handle the nuances of code-switching and transliteration in romanized Hindi-English. To combat challenges such as data imbalance, SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) is utilized, enhancing model training and generalization. The research also explores ensemble learning with methods like VotingClassifier to improve emotional classification accuracy. Logistic regression stands out for its high accuracy and robustness, demonstrated through rigorous cross-validation. The findings underscore the potential of advanced machine learning models and advocate for further exploration of deep learning and multimodal data to enhance emotion detection in diverse linguistic settings.</p>