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Les patients qui reçoivent de la nutrition parentérale à domicile (NPD) au Québec vivent pour la plupart avec une maladie chronique et présentent plusieurs problématiques à la fois physiques, psychologiques et sociales. Assurément, cette clientèle a besoin d’un suivi rigoureux par une équipe interdisciplinaire spécialisée dans l’administration de ce traitement. La présente étude, basée sur la méthodologie de Burns et Grove (2005), propose un modèle de suivi infirmier standard pour répondre plus efficacement aux besoins de cette clientèle. Par extension, les résultats de cette recherche ont permis de développer un suivi infirmier spécifique aux patients qui reçoivent de la NPD et adapté à l’évolution de leurs besoins dans le temps. À cet égard, le cadre théorique de Roy a permis d’intégrer la notion d’adaptation comme un concept central du suivi puisqu’elle constitue un enjeu majeur auquel les patients sont confrontés. / Most of the patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in Quebec live with a chronic illness and have several issues at once: physical, psychological and social. Therefore, this customer needs careful monitoring by an interdisciplinary team specializing in the administration of this treatment. The present study, based on the methodology of Burns and Grove (2005), proposes a standard nursing model to respond more effectively to the needs of this client. By extension, the results of this research have helped develop a specific nursing follow-up for patients who receive the HPN and adapt it to their changing needs over time. In this respect, the theoretical framework of Roy helped to integrate the concept of adaptation as a central concept of monitoring as it constitutes a major challenge that patients face.

Ce mémoire porte sur l'image de la nature chez Gabrielle Roy, plus spécifiquement dans ses œuvres Alexandre Chenevert [1954], La Montagne secrète [1961] et Le Temps qui m'a manqué [1997]. Il cherche notamment à comprendre le rapport que les personnages entretiennent avec la nature - et son paysage -, cette dernière se présentant parfois comme une entité révélatrice. Cette étude vise donc à saisir dans quelles circonstances elle parvient à révéler le connu et l'inconnu de la vie aux protagonistes et à dégager les répercussions de ce nouveau savoir sur eux. C'est en s'appuyant notamment sur une approche phénoménologique du paysage (Michel Collot et Maurice Merleau-Ponty) et sur les récents travaux de chercheurs dans la sphère de l'écopoétique (Sara Buekens, Pierre Schoentjes et Julien Desrochers) que ce mémoire tentera de trouver une réponse à cette question. Le présent travail de recherche procède à l'analyse concomitante de trois personnages dans trois œuvres de Gabrielle Roy, souhaitant ainsi mettre en relief un même processus transfigurateur mis en branle par une herméneutique du paysage. / This master's thesis examines the image of nature in Gabrielle Roy's work, specifically in Alexandre Chenevert [1954], La Montagne secrète [1961] and Le Temps qui m'a manqué [1997]. More precisely, it seeks to understand the relationship that the characters have with nature - and its landscape -, the latter sometimes presenting itself as a revealing entity. This study therefore aims to grasp the circumstances in which it succeeds in revealing the known and the unknown of life to the protagonists and to identify the repercussions of this new knowledge on them. This master's thesis will attempt to answer this question by drawing on a phenomenological approach to landscape (Michel Collot and Maurice Merleau-Ponty) and on the recent work of researchers in the field of ecopoetics (Sara Buekens, Pierre Schoentjes and Julien Desrochers). The present research work proceeds to the concomitant analysis of three characters in three works of Gabrielle Roy, thus wishing to highlight the same transfiguring process set in motion by a landscape hermeneutic.

Résumé : La schizophrénie est un trouble mental grave qui affecte toutes les facettes de la vie de la personne. En outre, le manque de soutien social est un problème important qui contribue à l’aggravation de la maladie, notamment en influençant négativement la capacité d’adaptation. Chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie, la capacité à utiliser des stratégies d’adaptation adéquates et efficaces est essentielle afin d’améliorer la santé, le bien-être et la prévention des rechutes. Cette recherche utilise la conception de l’adaptation de Roy (2009). De nombreuses études confirment la présence de difficultés d’adaptation chez ces personnes. De plus, le processus d’adaptation lui-même reste mal connu. La question de recherche était : Quel est le processus d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie lorsque leur soutien social est limité ? Cette question sous-tendait deux objectifs : 1) décrire le processus d’adaptation des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie dans un contexte de soutien social limité et 2) contribuer au développement du modèle de Roy dans le contexte des troubles mentaux graves. Le devis de recherche était la théorisation ancrée constructiviste, auprès de 30 personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie. Les données étaient composées d’entrevues et de résultats de trois questionnaires qui ont contribué à décrire de façon plus détaillée le profil des participants. Les résultats sont une modélisation du processus d’adaptation nommée « les filtres dans le processus d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie ». Cette modélisation met en lumière le fait que le potentiel d’adaptation des personnes vivant avec la schizophrénie est affecté à la fois par des éléments de l’environnement social et des éléments inhérents à la maladie elle-même. Ces éléments altèrent la possibilité et la capacité à utiliser des stratégies d’adaptation adéquates et efficaces. Ces résultats de recherche pourraient permettre d’améliorer l’évaluation des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie et de diminuer les « inconnues » dans l’effet des interventions, tout comme de favoriser les actions visant à lutter contre les conditions sociales qui nuisent à l’adaptation. / Abstract : Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects all human facets of life. In addition, the lack of social support is an important problem that contributes to the worsening of the disease by negatively influencing the capacity to adapt. For people with schizophrenia, ability to use appropriate and effective coping strategies is essential to improve health, well-being and preventing relapse. This research uses Roy’s adaptation model (2009). Numerous studies confirm the presence of adaptation problems for those persons. Furthermore, the adaptation process itself remains unclear. The research question was: what is the adaptation process of people with schizophrenia when social support is limited? This question underpinned two objectives: 1) describe the adaptation process of people with schizophrenia in a limited social support context and 2) contribute to the development of Roy’s adaptation model in severe mental disorders context. The research design was a constructivist grounded theory, with 30 people with schizophrenia. The data were consisted of interviews and results of three questionnaires that were helping to detail the participants profile. The results show a construct of an adaptation process called "the filters in the adaptation process of someone living with schizophrenia". This construct highlights the fact that the adaptation potential of people with schizophrenia is affected both by elements of the social environment and elements that are inherent to the disease itself. These elements affect the possibility and the ability to use appropriate and effective coping strategies. The research findings could facilitate the assessment of people with schizophrenia and reduce the unknowns in the impact of interventions, as well as fighting against social conditions that can interfere with their capacity to adapt.

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar a relação entre o desempenho escolar e os salários dos jovens brasileiros. Examinamos se a qualidade do ensino, mensurada pelas notas obtidas por uma geração nos exames de proficiência realizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Anísio Teixeira, o INEP, em seu Estado ao término do ensino médio, afeta os salários a serem recebidos por esta geração quando ela estiver no mercado de trabalho, cinco e seis anos depois, respectivamente com dados do Censo Demográfico de 2000 e da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, a PNAD, de 2001. A partir de um modelo de pseudo-painel, corrigimos os problemas de viés de seleção gerados pelas migrações e pelo alto nível educacional da amostra selecionada, através do modelo de Roy (1951) aplicado em Dahl (2001). Os determinantes da proficiência escolar, tais como “background" familiar, a infra-estrutura escolar e o perfil de docentes e diretores também foram analisados. A partir da estimação do modelo em dois estágios, os resultados do primeiro estágio mostram que o desempenho dos alunos em exames de proficiência é positivamente relacionado aos investimentos em educação, como melhor remuneração a professores e diretores, critérios mais rigorosos de seleção desses profissionais, assim como investimentos em infra-estrutura, que melhoram a qualidade da escola. Isso aponta para a existência de uma relação entre os recursos destinados à educação e a qualidade da mesma no Brasil. Adicionalmente, os resultados do segundo estágio do modelo mostram que as notas obtidas por uma geração nos testes de proficiência são significantes para explicar os salários futuros da mesma. Dessa forma o estudo confirma a importância de políticas públicas que invistam na qualidade da escola ao invés de políticas destinadas apenas a aumentar os anos de estudo da população. / The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between the school performance and the wages of young Brazilians workers. We examine if school quality, measured by test scores of a generation in SAEB at the end of high school, affect the earnings of this generation when they enter the labor force, five and six years later, with sample of Censo (2000) and PNAD (2001). We use a pseudo-panel model to correct the problems of selection bias, created by migrations and by the high education level of the selected sample, through a Roy model (1951) applied in Dahl (2001). The determinants of school performance, like familiar background, school structure, teacher and director profiles also were analyzed. We conclude that school characteristics are responsible for a good performance of students in tests scores, and that the school performance explains the differences of the earnings of young Brazilians workers.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 332765 bytes, checksum: afdc7e0f8a3f6259e47fc01ea9a857ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study measures the influence that parents' education has on the effort and the level of income earned by individuals. The effort will be approximated by education levels, dividing the individuals into two groups, ie, no upper level ("Low"), representing individuals who play a lesser effort, and higher level ("High") indicating a higher effort. The empirical estimation strategy was based on three steps: i) estimating the average effect of conventional treatment by different methods, following Heckman and Honore (1990) and Heckman and Vytlacil (1999), ii) the bounds of variation of Shaikh and Vytlacil (2004) for the impact of treatment and iii) a test of robustness for estimating instrumental variable that includes the unemployment rate as a way to endogenize the years of schooling of individuals. The results, based on data from the National Sample Survey (PNAD) of 1996, indicate a significant effect of education of father and mother, especially in less educated individuals.This can be explained, among other factors, by the lower level of income and consequently a higher degree of dependence on these individuals of their family background, following the assumptions of unequal opportunities. Finally, the non-use of instrumental variable coefficients tends to overestimate the effect of treatment, especially education of the father rather than the mother's education. / Este estudo mensura a influencia que a educação dos pais exerce sobre o esforço e sobre o nível de rendimento auferido pelos indivíduos. O esforço será aproximado através do nível de escolaridade, dividindo os indivíduos em dois grupos, i.e, sem nível superior ( Baixo ) representando indivíduos que desempenham um menor esforço e com nível superior ( Alto ) indicando um esforço mais elevado. A estratégia empírica de estimação foi baseada em três passos: i) a estimação do efeito de tratamento médio convencional por diferentes métodos, seguindo Heckman e Honoré (1990) e Heckman e Vytlacil (1999); ii) os bounds de variação de Shaikh e Vytlacil (2004) para o impacto do tratamento e iii) um teste de robustez para as estimativas que inclui a variável instrumental taxa de desemprego como forma de endogeneizar os anos de estudo dos indivíduos. Os resultados, tendo como base os dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) do ano de 1996, indicam um efeito significativo da educação do pai e da mãe, sobretudo nos indivíduos menos escolarizados. Isso pode ser explicado, entre outros fatores, pelo menor nível de renda e consequentemente um maior grau de dependência desses indivíduos do seu background familiar, seguindo os pressupostos da desigualdade de oportunidades. Por fim, a não utilização da variável instrumental tende a superestimar os coeficientes do efeito de tratamento, sobretudo a educação do pai em detrimento da educação da mãe.

O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar a relação entre o desempenho escolar e os salários dos jovens brasileiros. Examinamos se a qualidade do ensino, mensurada pelas notas obtidas por uma geração nos exames de proficiência realizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Anísio Teixeira, o INEP, em seu Estado ao término do ensino médio, afeta os salários a serem recebidos por esta geração quando ela estiver no mercado de trabalho, cinco e seis anos depois, respectivamente com dados do Censo Demográfico de 2000 e da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, a PNAD, de 2001. A partir de um modelo de pseudo-painel, corrigimos os problemas de viés de seleção gerados pelas migrações e pelo alto nível educacional da amostra selecionada, através do modelo de Roy (1951) aplicado em Dahl (2001). Os determinantes da proficiência escolar, tais como “background” familiar, a infra-estrutura escolar e o perfil de docentes e diretores também foram analisados. A partir da estimação do modelo em dois estágios, os resultados do primeiro estágio mostram que o desempenho dos alunos em exames de proficiência é positivamente relacionado aos investimentos em educação, como melhor remuneração a professores e diretores, critérios mais rigorosos de seleção desses profissionais, assim como investimentos em infra-estrutura, que melhoram a qualidade da escola. Isso aponta para a existência de uma relação entre os recursos destinados à educação e a qualidade da mesma no Brasil. Adicionalmente, os resultados do segundo estágio do modelo mostram que as notas obtidas por uma geração nos testes de proficiência são significantes para explicar os salários futuros da mesma. Dessa forma o estudo confirma a importância de políticas públicas que invistam na qualidade da escola ao invés de políticas destinadas apenas a aumentar os anos de estudo da população. / The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between the school performance and the wages of young Brazilians workers. We examine if school quality, measured by test scores of a generation in SAEB at the end of high school, affect the earnings of this generation when they enter the labor force, five and six years later, with sample of Censo (2000) and PNAD (2001). We use a pseudo-panel model to correct the problems of selection bias, created by migrations and by the high education level of the selected sample, through a Roy model (1951) applied in Dahl (2001). The determinants of school performance, like familiar background, school structure, teacher and director profiles also were analyzed. We conclude that school characteristics are responsible for a good performance of students in tests scores, and that the school performance explains the differences of the earnings of young Brazilians workers.

The aim of this master's thesis is to create an analysis of the Czech and German translations of Roy Jacobsen's novel De usynlige, which was published by Cappelen Damm in 2013. The first part includes a biography of Roy Jacobsen and a literary analysis of his novel. Translators Jarka Vrbová. Gabriele Haefs and Andreas Brunstermann are introduced as well as interviewed. The mainstay of this thesis is to analyse the Czech and German translations. The analysis is focused on the lexical, syntactic and stylistic level and based on Jiří Levý's theory of a faithful and free translation. Afterwards, the translation methods in both translations are deduced and compared with each other. The thesis presents several topics in the field of publishing practices.