The fragmentation and reduction of deciduous forests in Sweden is threatening many species. Particularity worrying is the loss of broad-leaf trees, since a diversity of species is often associated to them. Today many deciduous trees are situated along the border between forested and open areas, and these small fragments can be important for biodiversity. The aim of this study is to analyze if wildlife management can affect the variation of deciduous trees and bushes in the landscape. In brochures and literature Svenska Jägareförbundet (the Swedish Association for Hunting and Wildlife Management) recommend hunters and landowners to promote deciduous trees – often broad-leaf trees – as wildlife management measures, while the Swedish forestry laws can be sensed as unclear regarding the treatment of these trees. Five properties in Södermanland, Sweden, were chosen as study areas and inventoried in respect of trees and bushes in September 2013. The landowners or game wardens were interviewed about how they manage the landscape to promote, or not promote, hunting. The landscapes’ tree and bush composition and richness in ten randomly selected plots on each property were compared and analyzed in relation to the landowners’ attitudes toward wildlife management and biodiversity. The interviewed landowners and game wardens who implemented wildlife management on their properties considered that they were promoting biodiversity in general, while the landowner who did not approve of wildlife management believed that game animals were threatening the biodiversity of the forest. The species inventories showed significant differences in species richness between the landscapes, where the property without wildlife management had the least amount of bush and tree species. No significant differences were found in respect of broad-leaf trees between the landscapes. The property with the least species also was the property with the lowest beta diversity, considered the variation between plots, and its species composition differed the most from that in the landscape where most species were found. The result of this study suggests that active wildlife management could increase deciduous trees and bushes in the landscape of Södermanland. Wildlife management could also create habitat corridors and possible stepping stones in the landscape, but to restore whole deciduous forests major actions are probably needed, including clearer regulations from Skogsstyrelsen (the Swedish Forest Agency) and development of alternative land use methods compared with today.

The purpose of this thesis is to get more knolwledge on a detailed level about places with runestones in close connection with a stone ship in the province of Södermanland. The knowledge touches upon questions how these places were created but also questions about why they were created through the theoretical perspective of cognitive archeology. The thesis starts with dicussing a possibly new discovery of an original stone setting for the runestone from Sannerby, Årdala parish SÖ 319, that was moved from Sannerby in the 18´th century. The thesis will argue that this original stone setting is possibly, by the author, a discovered stone ship. Further twelve places have been investigated in the landscape with or/that have had a runstone in close connection to a stone ship. One main result in the investigation is that almost all these places are in connection with a grave field and two places are also by tradition named as a local ting. These last mentioned two places have also erected flat stones while the other stone ships are built with low rounded stones.  The thesis further shows how and why these places were built, on a cognitive map with symbols in three different themes. The theme of symbols of religion will show that people were much affected by the change of religion from pagan religion to Christianity, and this could express a conflict in the society. The second theme is symbols that express social hierarchy and statements of power, and it expresses high social and economic status with aristocratic farmers who could afford to travel abroad. And the possible importance of language on a high level in the material of the poetic type of runestone texts. The third and final theme is symbols that expresses the marking of a place, one's territory, and the theses suggest that some of these places were created to express the runestones sponsors right to their inheritance, even if the deceased died abroad. But because there was a conflict of religion in the society the close connection to a stone ship could possibly mean that the sponsors of the runestone maybe needed the authority of an older type of monument to prove their right to inheritance. Because not everyone in their local society would accept a Christian runestone as a legal act.

Dagens matproduktion har fått ökad uppmärksamhet kring hur den kan anpassas för att försörja en växande befolkning, utan att negativt påverka klimatet. Att ställa om till ekologiskt är en presenterad lösning och politiker på nationell och europeisk nivå har satt tydliga mål och åtgärder gällande ekologiskt jordbruk, dels om andelen ekologiskt jordbruk, dels om hur det ska uppnås. En åtgärd EU presenterat är ekodistrikt, som är ett geografiskt område där flera aktörer i livsmedelskedjan hållbart förvaltar de lokala resurserna genom ekologiska metoder och principer. Det har lett till ökad uppmärksamhet för redan befintliga ekodistrikt samt till etableringar av nya ekodistrikt, däribland det första svenska ekodistriktet i landskapet Södermanland, “Ekodistrikt Sörmland”. Rapportens syfte är att ge ökad förståelse för vad som definierar samt möjliggör ekodistrikt samt studera förutsättningar som finns för etableringen av Ekodistrikt Sörmland. I rapporten genomfördes en litteraturstudie om ekodistrikt med bland annat en tematisk analys där relevanta faktorer för etablering av ekodistrikt identifierades: “myndigheter och organisationer”, “bottom-up tillvägagångssätt”, “kultur och turism”, samt “jordbruksmöjligheter”. Även en fallstudie om Ekodistrikt Sörmland utfördes som inkluderade en litteraturstudie med en kompletterande intervju. Resultatet visade att ekodistrikt bygger kring dimensionerna ekologisk, social och ekonomisk hållbarhet och i Europeiska kommissionens definition av ekodistrikt framgår det att lokala resurser ska förvaltas hållbart i ett ekodistrikt. Mat i ekodistrikt ska produceras från ekologiska gårdar som minskar påverkan på miljön, jordbruket ska bli lönsamt genom nya marknadsmöjligheter och det sociala kapitalet stärks genom att ekodistrikt främja ökad sysselsättning på landsbygden. Möjligheten att etablera ekodistrikt skiljer sig mellan områden och olika förutsättningar kräver olika tillvägagångssätt. Tillgängliga litteraturen hänvisade till första etablerade ekodistriktet, Biodistretto Cilento, som anses som ‘best practice’ för ekodistrikt idag. Resultatet tyder på att det finns indikatorer som i generella fall tyder på goda förutsättningar att etablera ekodistrikt, men att dessa kan variera utefter lokala förutsättningar. Bilden som erhölls kring frågan vad möjliggör ekodistrikt är att ekodistrikt förlitar sig på kommunikation nerifrån och uppåt - från bönder till beslutsfattare, lokala samarbeten aktörer emellan mot annars icke identifierade gemensamma mål, samt innovativa lösningar och system utefter lokala förutsättningar och ekologiska principer. Ekodistrikt Sörmland planeras att omfatta landskapet Södermanland, bestående av Södermanlands län och södra delarna av Stockholms län. Vid rapportens tidpunkt var inte samtliga kontaktade. Ekodistriktet är del av och delfinansieras av ett treårigt EU-projekt. Initiativtagarna för ekodistriktet vill åstadkomma ett hållbart matsystem som baseras på Södermanlands lokala resurser och att öka allmänhetens kunskap om ekodistrikt. I nuläget är 21 procent av Södermanlands totala jordbruksareal ekologiskt och allmänheten har ett tidigare intresse för ekologiskt och lokalproducerat mat, vilket tyder på områdets potential för utveckling av ett ekodistrikt. Däremot det tidiga stadiet i etableringsprocessen, är det svårt att avgöra i denna rapport huruvida verksamheten kommer att fungera. Resultatet diskuteras därefter utefter de identifierade faktorer i relation till Ekodistrikt Sörmland, samt i vilken mån de kan appliceras och generaliseras på kommande ekodistrikt. / The current state of food production faces challenges, as to how it can be adapted to the increase in the global population, without the least impact on the earth's climate. The given course of action is an organic transition in order to achieve sustainable farming. One course of action, presented by the EU, are biodistricts (Swedish: ekodistrikt), a geographical area wherein stakeholders in the value chain sustainably co-manage the local resources through organic farming principles. EU’s recognition has enabled an increased focus on already established biodistricts, as well as the establishment of new ones, including the first Swedish biodistrict in the region of Södermanland, called "Ekodistrikt Sörmland". The purpose of this report is to provide an increased understanding of what defines and enables biodistricts, as well as to study the conditions for establishing a biodistrict in the region of Södermanland. This was achieved through a literature review on biodistricts, wherein thematic analysis was applied and revealed relevant factors for establishing ecodistricts: “authority and organization”, the “bottom-up approach”, “culture and tourism” and “agricultural capacity”. A case study on Ekodistrikt Sörmland was also performed, which included a complementary interview. The report findings showed that biodistricts are founded on the three dimensions of ecological, social and economic sustainability, through decreased environmental impact, increased market opportunities, and an increase in the local social capital through increased employment opportunities in the countryside. In identifying enabling factors for establishing a biodistrict, findings revealed that local conditions for establishment can vary widely, but that different conditions call for different solutions. Biodistricts rely on the bottom-up approach, wherein farmers communicate their needs to authority, and local cooperationco-management is encouraged through discussion, towards otherwise unidentified common goals, via innovative solutions and organic farming principles. Ekodistrikt Sörmland will include the region of Södermanland: Södermanland county and the south part of Stockholm county, as part of a 3 year EU financed project, wherein the founders aspire to create a sustainable food-system based on local resources and educational principles. As 21 % of the agricultural area in Södermanland is organic farmland, alongside a popular culture of environmental awareness and organic food, the area seems promising for the future development of the biodistrict. It is however too early to speculate on the inner workings of the district, as it is in its early planning phase. Conclusively, the identified enabling factors are discussed in relation to Ekodistrikt Södermanland.

It is generally considered that cairns and stone constructions of different shapes and sizes make up the grave monuments of the Late Bronze Age (1000–300 BC) in the province of Södermanland in Sweden. However, these “monuments” often contain only small amounts of burnt bone, and often no human remains at all. At the same time, human bones are found in settlement sites and other "non-grave" contexts. The materiality of human remains thus appears to be far more complex than a modern definition of "burial" or "grave" would allow.  This thesis investigates practices beyond the common terminology of burial archaeology, and focuses on the practices of collecting, enclosing and scattering stones, human remains, pottery and metal objects in stone constructions traditionally labeled "graves".  The study is conducted through a detailed micro-level analysis combining constructions, depositions of artefacts and human remains in a perspective of perception, formation processes and temporality. Based on the results from studies of two Late Bronze Age burial grounds in Eastern Sweden, it is argued that there is a need to differentiate the meaning content of cremated bone within in what we refer to as burial grounds. Results indicate that the passage rituals in connection with death and disposal of remains do not end when the cremated bone is deposited in the stone constructions. The constructions and deposits are subject to further attention and actions, altering the meaning of the cremated bones while the individual undergoes transformation to a fully transformed substance. The stone constructions themselves do not appear to have been built for eternity, but rather as functional nodes of transformation, constructed to facilitate the passage rituals.

No description available.

Föreliggande undersökning syftar till att undersöka de regionala implementeringsprocesserna rörande strategierna om mäns våld mot kvinnor i Västmanland respektive Södermanland. Fokus ligger i att identifiera svårigheter, om några, som uppstått samt att delvis jämföra de aktuella länen. Frågorna som ställs är Vilka implementeringsproblem och förutsättningar kan identifieras rörande arbetet kring strategin mäns våld mot kvinnor i Västmanland och Södermanland? Vilka likheter och skillnader kan, baserat på urvalet informanter och dess individuella tolkningar och svar, identifieras mellan Västmanland och Södermanland?De teorier som begagnas genom undersökningen är rörande governance samt implementeringsteorier. Dessa teorier är både sett utifrån ett bottom-up perspektiv samt ett nätverksperspektiv. Särskilt Michael Lipskys street level bureaucrats samt Lennart Lundqvist analysmodell med analyskategorierna förstå, kan samt vill och flera teorier rörande governance brukas för analysen av undersökningens resultat. Tillvägagångssättet vilket tillämpas i studien är semistrukturerade intervjuer där informanter såväl från policynivå (nätverksinformanter) som från gräsrotsnivå intervjuas. Undersökningen är i form av fallstudier där fallen valts ut i samråd med länsstyrelserna i vilka som ingår i deras policynätverk samt med hänsyn tagen till de informanter som ställt upp. Resultatet visar att skillnader mellan länen föreligger, bland annat både rörande om specifik strategi tagits fram samt vilka aktörer som ingår i policynätverken. Det tycks även finnas ett antal policyproblem, vilka uppfattas och tolkas på olika sätt av informanterna. Policyproblem existerar gällande förståelse, kunskap och vilja samt vad beträffar flera nätverksrelaterade områden. Detta skiljer sig däremot mellan olika informanter.

I mitt arbete blir min hemstad Katrineholm ett verktyg för att undersöka form. Genom ett visuellt utforskande av arkivmaterial från staden tar jag isär, sätter samman, ritar av, modifierar, och dekonstruerar för att skapa ny form. I en publikation visas arkivmaterialet tillsammans med mina undersökningar och gestaltningar. Minnen och min egen intuition leder mig genom innehållet och bestämmer vad som inkluderas och vad som lämnas åt sidan. / In my project, my hometown Katrineholm becomes a tool to explore form. Through visual exploration of archival material from the city, I pick apart, piece together, draw from, modify, and deconstruct to create new form. Archival material and my explorations are brought together in a publication. Memories and my intuition guide me through the material and decide what is included and what is discarded.

This paper examines the relationship between the landscape at Bronze Age figurative rock art sites in the province of Södermanland in Sweden with the types of motifs and number of motifs present at the sites. For this purpose, six different properties in the landscape are studied with GIS: Height above sea level, cardinal direction of the slope, distance to the shoreline, cardinal direction to the nearest body of water, visibility of the rock art sites from major waterways and coastline, and type of rock at the site. While comparing the landscape properties of rock art sites grouped by the motifs present, the landscape properties height above sea level, and distance to the shoreline differed the most between motifs. Footprint- and human motifs diverge the most from general patterns. As for the comparison of landscape properties between figure-rich sites and those with only one figure in total, the biggest differences in landscape were the height above sea level and types of rock present at the sites. The conclusion drawn is that while certain landscape properties differ between motifs or figure-rich and single-figure sites, there are also certain properties and patterns that were consistently chosen for all rock art sites in Södermanland.

<p>The Pitted Ware Culture site Korsnäs in Södermanland, Sweden presents a, for the region, unique amount of preserved organic material suitable for chemical analyses. Human and faunal skeletal material has been subjected to stable isotope analysis with the aim of examining whether the diet of the Korsnäs people correlates with the seal-based subsistence of Pitted Ware Culture groups on the Baltic islands. Further, the relationship between the faunal assemblage and the human diet has been studied, and the debated question of whether the Pitted Ware people kept domestic pigs has been addressed. Ten new radiocarbon dates are presented, which place the excavated area of the site in Middle Neolithic A, with a continuity of several hundred years. The results show that the diet of the Korsnäs people was predominantly based on seal, and seal hunting was probably an essential part of the Pitted Ware Culture identity. Based on the dietary pattern of the species, it is argued that the pigs were not domestic. The faunal assemblage, dominated by seal and pig bones, does not correlate with the dietary pattern, and it is suggested that wild boar might have been hunted and sacrificed and/or ritually eaten on certain occasions.</p>

The Pitted Ware Culture site Korsnäs in Södermanland, Sweden presents a, for the region, unique amount of preserved organic material suitable for chemical analyses. Human and faunal skeletal material has been subjected to stable isotope analysis with the aim of examining whether the diet of the Korsnäs people correlates with the seal-based subsistence of Pitted Ware Culture groups on the Baltic islands. Further, the relationship between the faunal assemblage and the human diet has been studied, and the debated question of whether the Pitted Ware people kept domestic pigs has been addressed. Ten new radiocarbon dates are presented, which place the excavated area of the site in Middle Neolithic A, with a continuity of several hundred years. The results show that the diet of the Korsnäs people was predominantly based on seal, and seal hunting was probably an essential part of the Pitted Ware Culture identity. Based on the dietary pattern of the species, it is argued that the pigs were not domestic. The faunal assemblage, dominated by seal and pig bones, does not correlate with the dietary pattern, and it is suggested that wild boar might have been hunted and sacrificed and/or ritually eaten on certain occasions.