In this dissertation I first develop a theoretical framework that explores different components of dynamic capabilities related to firm’s boundary-spanning linkages across two different types of inter-organizational activities - alliances and networks. I argue that there are four different subsets of dynamic capabilities simultaneously at work: alliance opportunity-sensing, alliance opportunity-seizing, network opportunity-sensing and network opportunity-seizing. Furthermore, I argue that there are significant interaction effects between these distinctive subsets driving the firm’s overall effectiveness in sensing and seizing of novel and innovative external opportunities. In order to explore potential interdependencies and draw distinctions among different dynamic capability subsets I integrate concepts from the two theoretical perspectives that often neglect the emphasis of the other - the dynamic capability view and the social network perspective. I then test the hypothesized relationships in the context of firms actively patenting in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology innovations are multidisciplinary in nature and require search and discovery across multiple inter-organizational, scientific, geographic, industry, or technological domains by a particular firm. The findings offer support for the conceptualizations of dynamic capabilities as consisting of distinct subsets of capabilities for the sensing and the seizing of external new-knowledge opportunities. The findings suggest that firm’s innovativeness in an interdisciplinary scientific field such as nanotechnology is the function of the vector of multi-dimensional dynamic capabilities that are context-specific. Furthermore, the findings also suggest that there are inherent trade-offs embedded in different dimensions of dynamic capabilities when deployed across a wide range of inter-organizational relationships.

Les récentes séverisations des normes d’émission a indirectement conduit le groupe RENAULT à durcir et optimiser les spécifications appliquées aux surfaces en contact. Les portées de vilebrequins sont particulièrement concernées. A l’instar des développements produit/process liés au rodage des fûts de cylindre, il est envisagé depuis peu d’appliquer une texturation antifriction sur les tourillons et manetons. Ces portées de paliers sont actuellement superfinies par toilage, un procédé d’abrasion à la fois robuste et économique. Malheureusement, le toilage produit, en usine du moins, une unique morphologie de surface, à savoir, une striation circonférentielle intégrale. Il apparaît, en ce sens, très limité. La présente étude a pour objectif d’investiguer plus finement les capacités de texturation du toilage. Elle propose un ensemble d’analyses expérimentales visant à comprendre les limites texturales observées en production série et offre des solutions innovantes afin d’accroître très sensiblement le potentiel texturant du procédé. S’articulant autour du triptyque Procédé/Texture/Fonctionnalité, ce travail se positionne également dans une démarche globale en s’intéressant à la fois à la texturation laser, la caractérisation des surfaces texturées et à l’influence des textures sur la fonctionnalité statique et dynamique des paliers. Les résultats montrent en particulier que le procédé de toilage est capable de produire, de manière robuste, une véritable diversité de textures. Ils montrent également que la recherche de « poli miroir » pourraient être à prioriser sur les portées de vilebrequins. / The recent introduction of tougher emissions standards has indirectly led the RENAULT group to tighten up and optimize specifications applied to surfaces in contact. Crankshafts journals are particularly concerned. Like product/process developments linked to the honing of cylinder liners, there have been recent plans to apply anti-friction texturing to crankshaft journals and crank pins. These bearing surfaces are currently super-finished by belt-grinding, an abrasion procedure that is both robust and economical. Unfortunately, belt-grinding produces a unique surface morphology, in the factory at least, i.e. integral circumferential striation. In this sense it appears very limited. The purpose of this study is to investigate in more detail the texturing capacities of belt-grinding. It provides a set of experimental analyses aiming to understand the textural limits observed in the factory and offer innovative solutions to significantly improve the texturing potential of the procedure. Focusing on the three-pronged Process/Texture/Functionality approach, this work is also part of a global process by looking both at laser texturing, characterization of the textured surfaces and the influence of textures on the static and dynamic function of the bearings. The results show in particular that the belt-grinding procedure is capable of robustly producing a real diversity of textures. They also show that striving to achieve a « mirror-polish » finish may be something to prioritize for crankshafts journals.

The house agency enterprises offer services for promoting the real estate sales and leasing transactions. Due to lower barriers to entry and many house agencies of network trading joining, it becomes more competitive. The main purposes of the thesis listed are to explore how to inject new business model thinking and channel strategies to find a new niche market. A.What is the development and market competition in the industry? B.How the enterprises develop business model in the competitive environment in order to obtain the source of competitive advantage? C.How the enterprises integrate the traditional and virtual channel strategies to get consumers¡¦ attention and revenues. Through the literature reaches and industry interviews, several important findings are summarized as followings: A.The ¡§Seizing the White Space¡¨ of the house agency industry includes that other enterprises has not entered, expand its business to international services, or use its core competence to related businesses. B.The enterprises must offer services for customers in the shortest time to find the correct and attractive objects and give a variety of options of the same price to help determine the value of the house, and related services. C.The traditional and virtual channel strategies of the industry render as a strong complementary relationship. Whether they¡¦re traditional or virtual channels, the industry should focus on its image and giving right services.

Les nouvelles générations d’avions, tant civils que militaires, sont désormais pleinement engagées dans l’électrification des commandes de vol. Afin d’atteindre les nouveaux objectifs et critères mis en place pour le bon développement de ces actionneurs électro-mécaniques, il est nécessaire d’effectuer des études en amont. Ces études portent principalement sur le comportement mécanique et tribologique des pièces en contact afin d’éviter l’évènement le plus redouté qui est le grippage, au sens blocage irréversible du système. En effet, ces actionneurs électro-mécaniques sont soumis à des sollicitations de chargement vibratoires qui induisent des déplacements de très faibles amplitudes entre les pièces en contact. Ces micro-glissements peuvent induire de l’usure, de la fissuration, de l’écaillage, etc. Pour répondre à ces objectifs, les travaux de recherche menés dans cette thèse, ont porté sur quatre axes majeurs. Le premier axe consiste à étudier et déterminer le comportement tribologique des premiers corps en milieu sec, puis en incorporant des traitements de surface. Le second axe a permis de déterminer les différents régimes de lubrification du contact lubrifié à la graisse. Nous avons montré que le régime de lubrification totale est caractérisé par la formation d’un tribofilm lubrifiant et protecteur. Des analyses plus poussées ont portées sur les cinétiques de formation et destruction de ce tribofilm ainsi que sa nature. Le troisième axe est consacré à l’étude du comportement tribologique du contact revêtu en milieu graissé. Le dernier axe de travail est destiné à la mise en place d’outils de simulation et de prévision de l’usure, et donc à posteriori du grippage, en fonction des conditions de chargement. Ces quatre axes d’études complémentaires ont donc permis de mettre en place des outils de comparaison de graisses et de revêtements, de comprendre le comportement du contact étudié ainsi que de développer des outils de simulation. / Electrification of flight controls represents an important milestone for both civil and military next-generation aircraft. A successful development of electro-mechanical actuators used for this type of application not only requires the establishment of a set of appropriate objectives and criteria but also the study of fundamental aspects. These studies mainly focus on the mechanical and tribological behavior of parts in contact with the objective to prevent seizing. Seizing is defined as an irreversible blockage of the system and it can be considered as the worst-case scenario. As a matter of fact, the considered electro-mechanical actuators are subjected to vibrational loads which induce small displacements between the parts in contact. These micro-slidings can result in wear, cracking, scaling and other undesirable phenomena. This PhD thesis is divided into four major topics that each contributes to prevent seizing. More precisely, the first part of this thesis deals with the tribological behavior of the first bodies in dry condition both with and without surface treatments. As a second axis the different lubrication regimes of the greased lubricated interface were determined. We have shown that the total lubrication regime is characterized by the formation of a lubricant and protective tribofilm. A detailed analysis on the nature of the tribofilm as well as on its kinetics of formation and destruction was carried out. The third area is devoted to the study of the tribological behavior of the coated and greased contact. Finally, the fourth axis of this research deals with the question of how we can simulate and predict wear, and seizing as its most severe form, under multiple loading conditions. These four complementary areas allowed us to establish tools for comparison for greases and coatings in order to understand the behavior of the fretted interface and to develop simulation tools.

Background: With the emerging and disruption of new technologies, digital transformationhas heavily impacted on businesses of all kinds, especially SMEs. Consequently, organizations must innovate their business model to adapt the changeable environment in many ways such as providing new products & services, developing new markets, more collaborations with partnership, and investing digital tools to deliver more value to the customers. It is therefore necessary for organizations and academicians to understand the dynamic capabilities framework for the business model innovation. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the role of dynamic capabilities in the digital transformation of business model innovation (BMI) in SMEs. During this process, we also explore digital transformation and make future explanations of the key elements of BMI in our case companies. Method: In order to understand how SMEs build up capabilities for digital transformation inthe business model innovation, we carry out this study by using semi-structured interviews with open answered questions. The interviews consisted of 6 participants in various senior management positions at 5 case companies. The participants are either the company owners or the department managers. Findings: From the interviews, we studied that all the case companies had been in process of digital transformation for a certain extent. In terms of their business model, the digitaltransformation reflects in 3 domains: new digital products & services, new markets & segments,and key partnerships. In addition, companies build dynamic capabilities for their digital business model via a total of 8 activities, including digital scouting, digital learning & planning, digital mind-set, agile working, investment in digital assets, collaboration with partners, creating digital culture, and redesigning organizational structure. Relevant management skills are the enablers throughout the whole innovation process. Finally, our study studies theenabling role of management in building dynamic capabilities and reacting to change.

As technology accelerates the dynamism in the global markets, companies are forced to adapt to the changing landscape. A company’s success in navigating the external environment depends on their dynamic capabilities. One of the most critical moments for many companies’ is when they conduct an IPO. Research into how an IPO affects a firm is necessary since newly listed firms have been shown to underperform compared to private firms. Dynamic capabilities have been observed to be of critical importance for IPO firms and previous research suggests that an IPO changes processes that affects a firm's ability to develop dynamic capabilities. This study explores how the development of dynamic capabilities is affected by changes to microfoundations following an IPO. The study gains insight into the subject by conducting interviews with executives from Swedish firms that underwent the IPO process during 2018-2020. The empirical findings indicate that seven microfoundations are affected by going public. The study contributes to prevailing literature by laying the groundwork for future research on how a firm's ability to develop dynamic capabilities is affected by going public and it has the potential to be a practical tool when making strategic decisions during and after an IPO process.

Background: With the emergence of new digital technologies, the ongoing digital transformation is argued to heavily impact core societal pillars such as logistics and transportation. This has generated unique challenges and introduced an increasing need for organizations to take steps towards innovating their business models. Thus, a popular theoretical lens for keeping up with disruptive changes through business model innovation (BMI) is via the dynamic capability framework – consisting of sensing, seizing as well as transforming microfoundations. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to explore digital transformation through the framework of dynamic capabilities within the logistics and transportation industry. The study aimed at investigating the nature of building dynamic capabilities for business model innovation towards the ongoing digital transformation. Methodology: To explore how organizations build dynamic capabilities for business model innovation towards digital transformation, this study was carried out using semi-structured interviews. The interviews consisted of 11 participants in various senior management positions at 6 case companies whom are all global actors in the logistics and transportation industry. Additionally, documentary secondary data was included to provide additional information about the case companies. Findings: Our study revealed that business model innovation for digital transformation consisted of processes within 3 domains – new digital products & services, new markets & segments, as well as key partnerships. Additionally, the findings of our study acknowledged that logistics and transportation enterprises build dynamic capabilities via a total of 13 activities. These included: digital scanning and information management; digital learning; internal communication; digital asset investment; agile working; external partnerships; organizational restructuring; dynamic mindset; change management; and power redistribution. Finally, our study found that the main challenges for building dynamic capabilities towards BMI involved: size, agile working, data management and the changing of old mindsets.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Susana Ferreira Falsoni.pdf: 928105 bytes, checksum: 0019f2a8d86e682c8b6a8a259115dc46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-21 / The objective of this present work is the analysis of the unconstitutionality of the article 3o, incise VII, of the Law 8009/90, that brings as an exception to the rule of the impossibility of seizing a freehold estate the cases of debts derived from bails given in location contracts, even though the surety complies with the conditions to take advantage of the general rule of the impossibility of seizing, that are: to be an owner of only one property and this property is his own or is his family s residency. In order to clarify it, we will talk about the historical context that the Country was living when the edition not only of the referred Law 8009/90 but also of the Tenant s Law that added the incise VII to the article 3o, specific object of this study, besides approaching themes like right to equality, fundamental rights, collision among fundamental rights, juridical institutions, among others / O objetivo do presente estudo é a análise da inconstitucionalidade do inciso VII, art. 3º , da Lei 8.009/90, que traz, como uma das exceções à regra da impenhorabilidade do bem de família, os casos de dívidas oriundas de fianças prestadas em contratos de locação, ainda que o fiador preencha todas as condições para valer-se da regra geral da impenhorabilidade, quais sejam: ser proprietário de um único imóvel e que este lhe sirva de residência própria ou da família. Para tanto, discorremos sobre o contexto histórico que o País vivenciava, quando das edições não só da referida Lei 8.009/90, como também da Lei de Inquilinato que lhe acrescentou o inciso VII ao artigo 3º, objeto específico deste estudo; além de abordarmos a inconstitucionalidade do dispositivo legal citado à luz dos direitos fundamentais, do princípio da igualdade, da colisão entre direitos fundamentais, das instituições jurídicas, dentre outros. Não obstante a importância do tema, tendo em vista ser a fiança locatícia espécie de contrato amplamente utilizada na vida cotidiana, alguns dos aspectos estudados ainda não foram abordados por nossos tribunais em suas decisões, em especial pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, o que demonstra a utilidade das questões aqui levantadas, em favor do superior princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana

台灣光電產業為近年來台灣經濟成長的最佳動力來源之一，截至2010年，台灣光電總產值已經突破新台幣2兆元。其中以LED、顯示面板、太陽能電池模組等貢獻最多，帶給台灣大量的就業機會，並創造出全球第一的產值。然而，台灣光電大廠以往的經營模式大都以OEM/ODM為主，製造代工屬微笑曲線價值最低的中間區域，因此企業不斷找尋轉型的機會。近年來因能源耗竭隱憂，綠能產業蔚為未來科技革命的新主流，如太陽能發電、風力發電、LED照明、電動車等，為台灣光電大廠創造新的契機。幾間光電領導大廠紛紛跨入綠能產業，除了研發製造端，也開始嘗試挑戰下游的系統整合與行銷通路，尤其以太陽能發電系統為主。面對下游不熟悉的領域，以及眾多的綠能廠商競爭對手，光電企業必須從自身核心能耐出發，找尋最佳切入點，並靈活運用相關資源，與事業夥伴密切合作，方能找到自己的定位，建立獨特競爭優勢。 本研究從光電企業跨足綠能產業的先後整體性策略布局進行分析比較，並由顧客價值與企業核心能力的角度出發，深入探討面對綠能產業下游的新事業之組織設計、營運模式、關鍵資源、關鍵流程等。本研究建議台灣光電廠商面對市場白地時，應打破傳統製造思維，以創新商業模式進行在地化資源整合，進而建立行銷通路，打造自有品牌。並且建構良好的學習交流管道，讓新事業在下游的經營管理經驗帶回企業。 / Recently, the optoelectronic industry becomes one of the driving forces of economic growth in Taiwan. Until 2010, the output value of optoelectronic industry was over 2000 billion NTD, creating many employment opportunities. The optoelectronic industry in Taiwan is accounted for the largest output value in the world, especially in sectors such as LED, photovoltaic panels, solar cell and solar modules. However, a lot of optoelectronic companies in Taiwan are OEM/ODM based. They capture the lowest value in the supply chain. Hence, many companies are eager to seize the opportunity to implement transformation strategy. Nowadays, due to energy depletion issue, more and more people care about the popularized green energy industry, include solar power, wind power, LED lighting, electric cars and so on. This condition states good foundation for optoelectronic companies in Taiwan to perform transformation strategy. Some leading companies started to cross boundaries into the green energy industry, especially focusing on manufacturing and system integration of solar power system. Facing the unfamiliar downstream business and existing green energy competitors, optoelectronic companies should start with own core capability to find the best point of entry while entering the whole new industry. They need to integrate local resources and cooperate with business partners, finding their unique position and to build up their own competitive advantage. This study analyzes a comprehensive strategy framework for optoelectronic companies in Taiwan crossing over to the green energy industry. First thing ahead, the company should start with its own core capability and consumer value, developing new business model, organization structure, key resources and key process of the new field. The conclusion of this research suggests that optoelectronic companies in Taiwan should forgo its old ways of manufacturing thinking, and operate with innovative business model to integrate the localized resources, establish its own marketing channel, create its own brand, and construct good learning process that can bring downstream experience into the organization when operating in the new industry.

生物醫藥產業對人類健康福祉影響甚鉅，同時也屬於技術、資本密集、開發期長、風險偏高的產業，在新藥開發的歷程中，臨床試驗是開發中藥品自「試驗階段」邁向「市場階段」的絕對關鍵過程，其重要性不言而喻。對藥廠而言，臨床試驗若能有效率地被執行，一方面可縮短試驗時間減少花費；另一方面則是搶得先機佔據市場，及早實現獲利。因應臨床試驗重要且繁複需求的臨床試驗服務公司（Contract Research Organization, CRO）便應蘊而生。 CRO產業在美國的發展已逾40年，在奠基於過去的競爭基礎之外，其CRO產業已朝向「便利性」與「客製化」等利基市場佈局，以滿足新的顧客價值主張，並創新商業模式，追求新的成長機會。本研究在介紹美國CRO之產業市場營運模式之外，也以個案分析方式，自國內CRO公司與藥廠/生技公司的互動、合作，探討CRO的營運模式是否符合客戶需求，並嘗試以<白地策略>書中四個核心市場要素：顧客價值主張、利潤公式、關鍵流程與關鍵資源，思索CRO公司應如何經營市場白地。希望借鏡國外CRO公司的演進，反饋予國內CRO產業的未來發展及策略調整參考。 / Bio-pharmaceutical industry on human health well-being highly influential, but also a industry of technical, capital intensive, long development periods, and high risk. Among the course of drug development, clinical trials are absolute the key to the process, and advance the development process from the pilot phase to the market phase. For pharmaceutical companies, if the clinical trial can be executed efficiently, they can shorten the test time and spending; seize the market in advance, and reap profits as soon as possible. In response to the important and complex clinical trial requirements, the Contract Research Organization (CRO) prospers and takes advantage of a favorable situation. The evolvement of the CRO industry in US is more than 40 years. In the foundation base in the past, the CRO industry has been towards convenience and customization and other niche market distribution, to meet new customer value propositions, innovative business models and pursue new growth opportunities. In this thesis, the author not only introduces the CRO’s business models in US, but also explores the CRO’s business models in Taiwan by way of case studies. Through the interaction and cooperation between domestic pharmaceutical companies and CROs, the author wants to find out if the business models of CROs are in line with customer needs. The author also wants to quest if the CROs can learn how to manage and operate a white space which the CROs hope to seize by way of the book Seizing the White Space lists four fundamental building blocks including customer value proposition, profit formula, key resources, and key processes that make a company business model works. The domestic CROs can adjust their strategy and business model for fitting customer’s value proposition.