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Life satisfaction among students is a complex phenomenon linked to avariety of factors. This study aimed to examine the relationshipbetween perfectionism, self-compassion, perceived stress, and lifesatisfaction. The aim was also to examine how well the threevariables perfectionism, self-compassion, and perceived stress predictlife satisfaction. The sample consisted of 154 students (Mage = 24.84,SDage = 5.09). Quantitative data was collected through an onlinesurvey where respondents were asked to answer statements andquestions linked to the scales: Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire,Self-Compassion Scale Short Form, Perceived Stress Scale, andSatisfaction With Life Scale. The results showed that there is astatistically significant relationship between perfectionism,self-compassion, perceived stress, and life satisfaction. The resultsalso showed that self-compassion and perceived stress are statisticallysignificant predictors of life satisfaction. Perfectionism, on the otherhand, is not a statistically significant predictor. Future researchshould use longitudinal studies as a complement, examine morevariables that may be related to life satisfaction, and conductmoderation and mediation analyses. / Livstillfredsställelse bland studenter är ett komplext fenomen kopplattill en mängd olika faktorer. Den här studien syftade till att undersökasambandet mellan perfektionism, självmedkänsla, upplevd stress ochlivstillfredsställelse. Syftet var även att undersöka hur väl de trevariablerna perfektionism, självmedkänsla och upplevd stresspredicerar livstillfredsställelse. Urvalet bestod av 154 studenter (Målder= 24.84, SDålder = 5.09). Kvantitativ data samlades in genom enonline-enkät där respondenterna fick besvara delfrågor kopplat tillskalorna: Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire, Self-CompassionScale Short Form, Perceived Stress Scale och Satisfaction With LifeScale. Resultaten visade att det finns ett statistiskt signifikant sambandmellan perfektionism, självmedkänsla, upplevd stress ochlivstillfredsställelse. Resultaten visade även att självmedkänsla ochupplevd stress är statistiskt signifikanta prediktorer förlivstillfredsställelse. Perfektionism är däremot inte en statistisktsignifikant prediktor. Framtida forskning bör komplettera medlongitudinella studier, undersöka fler variabler som kan tänkas vararelaterade till livstillfredsställelse och genomföra moderations- ochmediationsanalyser.

Collegiate athletes experienced all the general changes caused by universities' implementation of increased safety regulations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also were subjected to unique stressors that arose from the NCAA decision to cancel all remaining sport seasons. Psychosocial resources, such as social support, self-compassion, and resilience, may have impacted how intensely and extensively athletes coped with the stress of COVID-19. I used structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between the psychosocial resources of social support, self-compassion, and resilience in relation to male collegiate athletes' (N = 1,974) psychological distress (i.e., depression and general psychological stress) in the immediate aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the more supported, self-compassionate, and resilient the athletes reported being, the less psychological distress they reported experiencing (resilience to psychological distress (β = -.12, p < .001), self-compassion to psychological distress (β = -.41, p < .001), and social support to psychological distress (β = -.08, p < .001)). Additionally, self-compassion and social support were related indirectly (and inversely) to psychological distress, to the extent that they contributed to the athletes perceiving themselves as more resilient (Self Compassion → Resilience → Psychological Distress: β = -.08, 90% CI [-.15, -.04]; Social Support → Resilience Psychological Distress: β = -.06, 90% CI [-.10, -.03]). The total effects, which included the direct and indirect effects, were significant for social support (β = -.14, 90% CI -.20, -.08]) and self-compassion (β = -.49, 90% CI [-.60, -.38]). The supported relationships have application beyond the COVID-19 pandemic and can guide how sports medicine professionals intervene with athletes and their general mental health concerns.

Bakgrund: God vård präglas av sjuksköterskor som bryr sig om sina patienter, ger dem av sin tid och gör det lilla extra. Vidare är medlidande en viktig egenskap för att uppnå en god vård och för att kunna visa andra medlidande behöver sjuksköterskor vara självmedkännande. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att hitta kraft till att vårda. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes där 12 artiklar valdes ut och analyserades. Resultat: Det framkom fyra teman i resultatet: Arbetsmiljö och stöd, Kunskap och utveckling, Vårdande egenskaper och Egenvård vid medkänslotrötthet. Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskors erfarenheter var att de behövde en stödjande arbetsmiljö och möjlighet att utvecklas i arbetet för att hitta kraft till att vårda. Vidare framkom det att egenvård och självmedkänsla var viktiga faktorer för att undvika medkänslotrötthet. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor måste få tillåtelse att visa sig själva egenvård och självmedskänsla och stödjas av arbetsgivare och kollegor för att hitta kraft till att fortsätta vårda och inte drabbas av medkänslotrötthet. Arbetsgivare behöver lägga större vikt vid att stödja sjuksköterskor för att undvika en hög personalomsättning på grund av att de inte orkar fortsätta vårda. / Background: Good care consists of nurses who care about their patients, give them of their time and does more than just the necessary. Compassion is an important trait to achieve good care and nurses needs to be self-compassionate to be able to show compassion to others. Aim: To describe nurses experiences of finding strength to care. Method: A general literature review was performed where 12 articles were chosen and analyzed. Results: The result revealed four themes: Work environment and support, Knowledge and development, Caring behaviors and Self-care when dealing with compassion fatigue. The result showed that nurses experienced that they needed a work environment that supported them and gave them the opportunity to develop in their work to find strength to care for others. Furthermore, it emerged that self-care and self-compassion was important to avoid compassion fatigue. Conclusion: Nurses needed permission to be self-caring and self-compassionate and to be supported by employers and colleagues to find the strength to continue caring and avoid compassion fatigue. Employers need to focus more on supporting nurses to avoid high turnover because they cannot find the strength to continue caring.

Men experience high rates of negative health outcomes and often have difficulty identifying and seeking support for their issues. Traditional masculine socialization has been identified as a potential determinant of this effect, as masculine ideals often conflict with prosocial help-seeking behaviors. Men who experience this sort of socialization need better support for their mental health and are less likely to seek it out in a professional setting. Therefore, other models of support, like social support, should be investigated. Additionally, factors that impact the way that men perceive social support should be explored, one of which may be self-compassion. The current study examined the ways in which men who adhere to traditional masculine norms perceive social support and if that can be impacted by self-compassion, both by their own tendency to be compassionate to themselves and by a self-compassion induction. Hypotheses were tested that examined the associations among these constructs and any moderating effects that may be present. An online survey was conducted with a sample of 198 men from the US with self-report measures of traditional masculine ideology, gender role conflict, self-compassion, and perceived social support. Next, participants were randomly assigned to a self-compassion induction or control writing task, followed by a perceived social support vignette task in which they rated offered support on its perceived helpfulness. Hypotheses were generally supported—some aspects of masculine socialization were negatively associated with self-reported perceived social support. Self-reported self-compassion was not a significant moderator of this effect. However, the self-compassion induction moderated the association between perceived helpfulness in the vignette task and some aspects of masculine socialization—Men who were lower on this aspect of masculine socialization who received the self-compassion induction perceived the social support as less helpful than those who received the control. However, when this aspect was high, participants who received the induction perceived the support as more helpful. Furthermore, gender role conflict was positively associated with perceived helpfulness. These findings illustrate the complexity involved in understanding the role of masculine socialization in how men may engage with their environment and ultimately how they might improve their mental health outcomes.

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 乙第13613号 / 論社医博第19号 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 森田 智視, 教授 椛島 健治, 教授 村井 俊哉 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM

This thesis focuses on the concept of self-compassion - a healthy attitude toward oneself which could be more easily attainable than unconditional self-acceptance and have less downsides than self-esteem. The first part of the thesis offers the most widely used conceptualisation of self-compassion, a comparison between self-compassion, self-esteem and unconditional self-acceptance, a summary of application areas of self-compassion, a list of relevant psychometric tools and a description of the Czech translation of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-CZ). The second part of the thesis consists of a quantitative study designed to further assess the construct validity of the SCS-CZ using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the trait form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X2) and the Unconditional Positive Self-Regard Scale (UPSRS) and to explore the connection between self-compassion and unconditional positive self-regard. A battery of web-based inventories was administered to a non-clinical sample (n = 415). The SCS-CZ shows a strong negative correlation with the BDI-II and the STAI X2, and a strong positive correlation with the UPSRS. The SCS-CZ is a valid measure of self-compasssion, suitable for comparing groups and population samples. For drawing conclusions about individuals, it is...

Recent reviewers of the group psychotherapy literature have called for the introduction of new constructs that may contribute to a deeper understanding of what it is about process groups that make them effective in eliciting change. To this end, this study investigates the potential of a newly defined and operationalized construct known as self-compassion. Drawing on the writings of various scholars of Buddhism, Neff has theorized that self-compassion consists of three main, mutually influential components: self-kindness (the act of being gentle with oneself in instance of pain or failure); mindfulness (holding painful thoughts and feelings in balanced awareness, without over-identifying with them); and common humanity (the perception of one’s experiences as part of the larger human experience). This paper argues that there are strong parallels between each of these three components and existing theory on the mechanisms of change in group psychotherapy. The study was motivated by the belief that preliminary quantitative support for the role of self-compassion in change through groups may highlight the importance of the construct and help orient both group practitioners and group researchers towards a new theoretical lens through which the power of groups may be better understood. 92 subjects were enrolled in the study: 57 in a non-treatment Control condition, and 35 in a Treatment condition. The Control group was comprised of undergraduates from the Educational Psychology Department subject pool at the University of Texas at Austin; the Treatment group was formed by UT undergraduate and graduate students who were enrolled in a process psychotherapy group at the UT Counseling and Mental Health Center. A pre-test/post-test design was employed, with subjects taking identical surveys at baseline (beginning of Fall 2007 semester) and follow-up (end of the same semester). A variety of inferential statistical techniques were utilized, and results indicated that there was a significant relationship between participation in process group psychotherapy and positive mental health outcomes as measured by self-report levels of depression, perceived stress, and happiness; that participation in a therapy group was associated with increased levels of self-compassion; and that as a predictor of mental health outcome in relation to therapy groups, self-compassion was on the whole equivalent to one construct (hope) often cited in the group literature as a powerful therapeutic mechanism, and a more powerful predictor than another (altruism). The overall results offer exciting implications for future research and clinical practice, as they suggest that self-compassion may well serve as an important component of a robust theoretical, organizing lens through which the power of group psychotherapy may be more clearly understood. / text