Davantage que leurs aînés classiques ou néoclassiques, les auteurs romantiques sont hantés par la question du corps qui pose en creux celle du plaisir sexuel de la femme. Loin d’être un mouvement angélique et désincarné, le romantisme est en effet tiraillé par la matérialité des sens autant que par l’idéalité, se posant ainsi en héritier de Sade au même titre que de Rousseau. Les écrivains romantiques ne sont d’ailleurs pas les seuls à montrer un intérêt croissant pour la jouissance féminine : entre la fin de la Restauration jusqu’à la Révolution de 1848, les médecins tentent eux aussi d’éclaircir ce mystère et de le réguler. Mais, pour ce faire, ils reprennent à leur compte les théories misogynes des pires exégètes de la Bible et ils justifient ainsi, d’une manière prétendument scientifique, les lois inégalitaires du Code civil qui maintiennent la femme en position d’esclave juridique et de mineure sexuelle. Les auteurs romantiques ont-ils été influencés par ce contexte antiféministe ou sont-ils parvenus à proposer d’autres modèles ? Cette thèse explore l’ambivalence d’un mouvement qui réhabilite la chair au nom d’un plaisir supérieur au devoir mais qui véhicule en même temps tout un système de représentation machiste qui ne cesse de faire l’apologie du corps féminin outragé. À la même époque, des voix bien plus marginales se font entendre, notamment chez certaines saint-simoniennes qui n’hésitent pas à faire – bien avant la révolution sexuelle – l’apologie de « l’amour libre ». Le thème, socialement inconvenant, déchaîne malgré tout les passions, surtout chez les femmes auteurs qui craignent que cette question embarrassante ne nuise à des revendications qu’elles souhaiteraient plus « sociales ». / More than their classical and neo-classical predecessors, Romantic authors are obsessed with the question of the body which implicitly matches the subject of women’s sexual pleasure. Far from being an angelic and disembodied movement, Romanticism is indeed torn between the materiality of the senses and the question of ideality, arising from Sade’s as well as also Rousseau’s works. Besides, Romantic writers are not the only ones to show a growing interest in female enjoyment: between the end of the Bourbon Restoration and the 1848 Revolution, doctors tried to solve that mystery and regulate it. But, to do so, they endorsed misogynistic theories of the most extreme exegetes from the Bible and justified at the same time, from a so-called scientific point of view, the unequal laws of the French Civil Code which legally kept women in the position of subordinate sexual slaves. Were Romantic authors influenced by this anti-feminist background or did they manage to offer other ways of thinking? This dissertation explores the ambivalence of a movement which redeems the flesh in the name of a pleasure superior to duty but also conveys a chauvinistic set of representation condoning the violated female’s body. At that time, the echo of marginal voices arose, in particular among some Saint-Simonian women who did not hesitate to praise “free love”, way before the sexual revolution. The topic, a socially inappropriate one, aroused fierce passions among activists and even within the Romantic Movement.

Syftet med denna studie var att få en djupare förståelse för hur vuxna kvinnor som har sex med män navigerar i spänningsfältet mellan njutning och obehag i sina sexuella möten. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats med inspiration från fenomenologin. Studien består av åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med ett livsvärldsperspektiv. Fokus har legat på intervjupersonernas beskrivna upplevelser och tolkningar av sexuella möten som sedan analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Tidigare forskning visar att kulturella, kontextuella och relationella faktorer spelar roll för kvinnors sexuella upplevelser, vilket även visade sig i denna studie. Resultatet mynnande ut i två övergripande teman: trygga relationella kontexter och otrygga relationella kontexter med tillhörande underrubriker. Teoretiska verktyg som använts för att begripliggöra intervjupersonernas upplevelser är Scriptteorin, Simone De Beauvoirs förståelse av bland annat begreppen Transcendensen och Immanensen samt betydelsen av Jean-Paul Sartres begrepp Blicken, utvecklad av Stack och Plant (1982). Kvinnors sociala roll som Beauvoir (2002) beskriver som det andra könet visade sig ha stor påverkan på intervjupersonerna sexuella upplevelser och vilket handlingsutrymme de upplevde sig ha i sexuella möten med män. Den underordning som kommer med den kvinnliga sociala rollen har i otrygga sexuella kontexter bidragit till en känsla av att bli objektifierad. Upplevelser av att inte känna sig viktig eller sedd har påverkat de sexuella mötena negativt. Att bli betraktad som ett subjekt skapar i stället positiva upplevelser där tryggheten detta innebär öppnar upp för utforskande och lekfullhet. Studien visar också på en utbredd tystnad kring kvinnlig sexuell njutning vilket några av intervjupersonerna beskriver som problematiskt. Män tycks utifrån sin överordnande roll ha ett stort inflytande över hur sexuella möten gestaltar sig. Mer kunskap kring mäns sexuella livsvärld och deras syn på ömsesidighet och ansvar känns angeläget, därav vikten av att forska vidare på ämnet. / The aim of this study was to get a deeper understanding of women’s experience of pleasure and displeasure when having sex with men. This study was conducted with a qualitative method with inspiration from a phenomenological approach. The study consists of eight semi-structured interviews with a lifeworld perspective. The focus has been on the participants described experiences and interpretations of sexual encounters, which has been analysed with a thematic analysis. Previous research shows that cultural, contextual, and relational factors matter för women’s sexual experiences, which also has been shown in this study. The result culminated in two overall themes: Safe relational contexts and unsafe relational contexts, with respectively sub-heading for more specific contexts. The theoretical tools that have been used to analyse the participants descriptions are Scripting Theory, Simone De Beauvoir’s understanding of Transcendence and Immanence among other concepts and Jean-Paul Sartre’s concept of the Look, progressed by Stack and Plant (1982). In summery the interviews showed that Women’s social role as Beauvoir (2002) describes as the second sex turns out to have a major impact on the participants sexual experiences and the room of action that they sense they have in sexual encounters with men. The subordination that comes with the social role as a woman in unsafe relational contexts contributed to experiences of feeling objectified, not seen or not important which was negative for the sexual experience. To be regarded as a subject is portrayed as something positive where safety opens for exploration and playfulness. The study shows that there is an extensive silence around female sexual pleasure which some of the participants described as problematic. Men has a significant impact on how sexual encounters unfolds due to the superior social role. More knowledge on men’s sexual lifeworld’s and their view on reciprocity and feelings of responsibility is therefore important research going forward.

MUDr. Watcharaphol Alexandre Kamnerdsiri Determinants of Sexual Satisfaction in Czech Men Page 1 of 5 Determinants of Sexual Satisfaction in Czech Men Abstract Very legitimately, medicine as well as medical literature, especially in the field of sexology, focuses on the study and treatment of all disorders and dysfunctions that affect the human race and its sexuality. Through this thesis, we attempted to resist against this general trend and sought anything that would facilitate or promote a man's achievement of an accomplished and happy sexuality. These terms imply a sexuality that satisfies this man. There is indeed nothing more subjective than sexual satisfaction, despite the easy access to pornographic material that tends to introduce some elements of comparison in the mind of each man, however unrealistic. There are many tools to measure sexual satisfaction. However, it has been demonstrated that assessing sexual satisfaction with a single question is nearly as reliable as using more detailed questionnaires. As this thesis is integrated into a much larger research based on a 90-item questionnaire, it was decided to use only one question regarding sexual satisfaction. However, it has been divided into two variants, one on the overall sex life satisfaction, and the other on the recent sexual satisfaction...

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Young men and women growing up in Sweden today have to face several difficult issues regarding their sexuality, yet, it is rather unexplored how they navigate through them. Pornography, the focus of this study, is widely used by both young men and women. However, few studies are examining young people’s own narratives of their encounters with pornography. The aim of this study was therefore to explore young women’s experiences of pornography, as well as how they believe pornography affects both themselves and other adolescents in terms of sexuality and sexual experiences. Seven young women between the age of 17-18 were interviewed for this study and their answers were analyzed through thematic analysis. The results showed that the participants experienced a predominately negative effect of pornography on their sexual lives. Due to the participants’ feminist moral values, their pornography consumption caused them strong feelings of shame. Further, they all felt pressured to adopt a supporting role in sex and to perform in line with a pornographic script, thus compromising their opportunity to self-pleasure, ability to consent, and claim of sexual agency. It also became evident how difficult it is to navigate through the conflicting roles within a postfeminist media culture, with regard to feminism, heterosexual gender norms, and the strong ideal of being an “agent” in sex. The results highlight the need for social change rather than individualized responsibility, in the pursuit of every person’s right to sexual integrity and sexual self-determination.

Tills research project arose from an awareness that many Christian women experience female sexual desire and the expression of sexual pleasure within a religious context to be a forbidden subject and that they are consequently isolated in silence. The social construction of sexuality within the history of Christianity was briefly explored to see which discourses underpin current constructions of White Christian female sexuality. Tills feminist, participatory action research project challenged the silence on women's sexuality by inviting three women to narrate their personal stories of sexuality. With the help of narrative therapeutic practices, some of the dominant social and religious discourses that constitute White Christian female sexuality were challenged and explored. This research project aimed at the co-construction of narratives of sexuality that will hopefully be life-giving to Christian women's experiences with sexuality. / Practical Theology / M.Th. (Specialization in Pastoral Therapy))

Tills research project arose from an awareness that many Christian women experience female sexual desire and the expression of sexual pleasure within a religious context to be a forbidden subject and that they are consequently isolated in silence. The social construction of sexuality within the history of Christianity was briefly explored to see which discourses underpin current constructions of White Christian female sexuality. Tills feminist, participatory action research project challenged the silence on women's sexuality by inviting three women to narrate their personal stories of sexuality. With the help of narrative therapeutic practices, some of the dominant social and religious discourses that constitute White Christian female sexuality were challenged and explored. This research project aimed at the co-construction of narratives of sexuality that will hopefully be life-giving to Christian women's experiences with sexuality. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Specialization in Pastoral Therapy))