none

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-07-06T17:22:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maicon Bazzan Schwerz.pdf: 1153930 bytes, checksum: df437153daa7fb2e93debe47794e9388 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-06T17:22:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maicon Bazzan Schwerz.pdf: 1153930 bytes, checksum: df437153daa7fb2e93debe47794e9388 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / Nenhuma / Este estudo testou a hipótese da teoria da sinalização de que dividendos (neste estudo foram considerados também os proventos de Juros sobre Capital Próprio) transmitem informação, utilizando duas abordagens. A população objeto da análise foi composta pelas empresas que estiveram presentes na carteira teórica do Ibovespa referente aos meses de Setembro a Dezembro de 2013, perfazendo um total de 73 ações de 67 empresas. Foi observado o comportamento das empresas no período de 01/01/2005 à 31/12/2012. Na primeira abordagem foram testadas se as variações na distribuição de resultados (pagamentos de proventos) sinalizam efetivas mudanças no comportamento dos resultados dos anos seguintes a essa alteração. Para testar a hipótese que as empresas utilizam-se da sua distribuição de proventos para sinalizar seus resultados futuros, foram utilizados o teste de independência, utilizando a curva qui-quadrado. Os resultados encontrados indicam que as empresas utilizam da sua distribuição de proventos para sinalizar seus resultados futuros, num nível de significância de 15%, corroborando a hipótese que dividendos transmitem informação. Na segunda abordagem foram realizados testes para verificar como os investidores interpretam as variações de pagamentos de proventos realizadas pelas empresas. Foram testados como o mercado se comporta antes e após as empresas alterarem sua política de distribuição de resultados. Foram definidas, além da data do anúncio de proventos, duas janelas de evento, a primeira compreende as data -1 e 0 e 1 (3 pregões)e a segunda janela de 11 pregões incluindo a data de divulgação de distribuição de proventos, para buscar vazamento de informações e para verificar a possibilidade de arbitragem na janela de estudo. Os resultados encontrados indicaram que existe relação entre a política de distribuição de lucros e o retorno das ações. / This study tested the hypothesis that dividends (in this study were also considered the proceeds of Interest on Equity) transmit information using two approaches. The object of the analysis population consisted of the companies that were present at the Ibovespa index for the months of September to December 2013, a total of 73 shares of 67 companies. The behavior of firms in the period from 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2012 was observed. In the first approach were tested whether variations in the distribution of results (payment of dividends) actual changes in behavior indicate the results of the years following this change. To test the hypothesis that companies use up its distribution of dividends to signal future results, the test of independence were used, using the chi-square curve. The results indicate that companies use its distribution of dividends to signal future results, a significance level of 15 %, thus supporting the hypothesis that dividends convey information. In the second approach tests to see how investors interpret the variations in payments of dividends made by the companies were conducted. We tested how the market behaves before and after companies to change their policy of profit distribution. The announcement dividends date, and two other windows were defined, the first includes the date -1 and 0 and 1 (3 sessions) and the second window of 11 trading days including the date of disclosure of benefit distribution, to seek information leaks and to verify the possibility of arbitration the study window. The results indicated that there is a relationship between the policy of distribution of profits and stock returns.

Inom finansiell ekonomi finns en seglivad teori om att utdelningsändringar innehåller information om framtida ekonomiska resultat. Aktiemarknaden reagerar i enlighet med teorin på så vis att aktiekursen stiger när utdelningen höjs, och tvärtom, vilket har dokumenterats i ett flertal studier. Bakom aktiemarknadens reaktion på den ändrade utdelningen borde det finnas ett positivt samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida ekonomiska resultat. Problemet är att förekomsten av ett sådant samband är högst tveksam; tidigare empiriska studier har trots flerfaldiga försök inte funnit övertygande argument för förekomsten av ett samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida ekonomiska resultat. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det finns ett positiv samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida resultat och lönsamhet. Det empiriska underlaget är företag på Nasdaq Stockholm under perioden 1999–2018. Sambandet eftersöks med hjälp av en regressionsmodell i vilken vi kontrollerar för det icke-linjära beteendeet hos resultat och lönsamhet. Vi finner ett par statistiskt signifikanta resultat som påvisar samband mellan sänkta utdelningar och framtida resultat och lönsamhet; dessa är dock så pass små att de saknar ekonomisk relevans. Vårt resultat är således i linje med tidigare empiriska studier och stödjer därmed inte teori om utdelningssignalering. / Within the area of corporate finance, there exists a persistent theory that revolves around the idea that changes in terms of corporate dividend may yield information regarding future financial results. The stock market is known to fluctuate in accordance with this theory by ways of indicating increased share prices in close correspondence to increased dividend, and vice versa, which has also been documented in several previous studies. This relation between the stock market’s reaction to the change in dividend should by all accounts point to a positive correlation between dividend changes and future financial results. Yet, this relation has to this point been proved to be highly doubtful. Previous empirical studies have not been able to find any convincing arguments that such a relationship exists. The purpose of this essay is to investigate if there in fact exists a relationship between dividend changes and future earnings and profitability. The empirical data for this study consists of the companies listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm during the period of 1999 to 2018. This proposed relationship has been investigated by the use of a regression model, in which we have examined the known non-linear behaviour of earnings and profitability. By this method we have found a few results of statistical significance that do seem to indicate a relation, between lowered dividend and future financial outcomes. However, while still statistically significant, these results are not economically significant. Our results are therefore considered to be in line with previous research and does not offer any further support for the proposed theory of the dividend signaling hypothesis.

Share repurchases in Sweden has since legalization in 2000 gained momentum. Similar to other corporate events, there are studies that examine whether this affects the share price performance. With studies in the U.S. that measured excess returns of approximately 3,5 percent on the announcement day; Swedish buybacks, holding a tighter regulation is of interest to study. The Stockholm Stock Exchange regulation regarding reporting is also similar to the Stock Exchange in Hong Kong. Unlike most previous research using only the announcement of a buyback, where an actual repurchase cannot be assured, the stock exchanges in this study requires disclosure on a daily basis, which means that the announcement can be linked to an actual share repurchase. The study aims to examine how the stock markets in Stockholm and Hong Kong react to share repurchases. Thereby judge whether the notice gives a negative or positive effect. The problem formulation takes the following approach: Is there abnormal returns at the announcement of share repurchases in the Stockholm stock exchange and the Hong Kong stock exchange.  The following sub questions will further be explored: Are there differences between the size of the abnormal return and industry? Is there a correlation between the abnormal returns and corporate market-to-book value? The survey is conducted through an event study, measuring abnormal return during a window of ten days prior to the announcement day and ten days after. Repurchases are studied during the period 2000-03-10 until 2011-04-10 in order to cover the entire period since legalization in Sweden. The sectors used are: industrials, financials, consumer discretionaries and information technology. Furthermore a regression analysis consisting of the variables market-to-book, divided into low and high values, and abnormal return is constructed. Through a theoretical synthesis, consisting of previous research, signaling hypotheses, the efficient market hypothesis and agency theory, the empirical data is analyzed. The conducted study shows low positive abnormal returns (AAR) for both Stockholm and Hong Kong at 0,37 percent and 0,38 percent for the announcement day respectively with a certain significance days before the announcement. Small differences exist between sectors, with financials showing highest abnormal return and consumer discretionaries the lowest in the two markets. There is furthermore a significant value between high market-to-book values and negative abnormal returns.

Inom finansiell ekonomi finns en seglivad teori om att utdelningsändringar innehåller information om framtida ekonomiska resultat. Aktiemarknaden reagerar i enlighet med teorin på så vis att aktiekursen stiger när utdelningen höjs, och tvärtom, vilket har dokumenterats i ett flertal studier. Bakom aktiemarknadens reaktion på den ändrade utdelningen borde det finnas ett positivt samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida ekonomiska resultat. Problemet är att förekomsten av ett sådant samband är högst tveksam; tidigare empiriska studier har trots flerfaldiga försök inte funnit övertygande argument för förekomsten av ett samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida ekonomiska resultat. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det finns ett positiv samband mellan utdelningsändringar och framtida resultat och lönsamhet. Det empiriska underlaget är företag på Nasdaq Stockholm under perioden 1999–2018. Sambandet eftersöks med hjälp av en regressionsmodell i vilken vi kontrollerar för det icke-linjära beteendeet hos resultat och lönsamhet. Vi finner ett par statistiskt signifikanta resultat som påvisar samband mellan sänkta utdelningar och framtida resultat och lönsamhet; dessa är dock så pass små att de saknar ekonomisk relevans. Vårt resultat är således i linje med tidigare empiriska studier och stödjer därmed inte teori om utdelningssignalering. / Within the area of corporate finance, there exists a persistent theory that revolves around the idea that changes in terms of corporate dividend may yield information regarding future financial results. The stock market is known to fluctuate in accordance with this theory by ways of indicating increased share prices in close correspondence to increased dividend, and vice versa, which has also been documented in several previous studies. This relation between the stock market’s reaction to the change in dividend should by all accounts point to a positive correlation between dividend changes and future financial results. Yet, this relation has to this point been proved to be highly doubtful. Previous empirical studies have not been able to find any convincing arguments that such a relationship exists. The purpose of this essay is to investigate if there in fact exists a relationship between dividend changes and future earnings and profitability. The empirical data for this study consists of the companies listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm during the period of 1999 to 2018. This proposed relationship has been investigated by the use of a regression model, in which we have examined the known non-linear behaviour of earnings and profitability. By this method we have found a few results of statistical significance that do seem to indicate a relation, between lowered dividend and future financial outcomes. However, while still statistically significant, these results are not economically significant. Our results are therefore considered to be in line with previous research and does not offer any further support for the proposed theory of the dividend signaling hypothesis.

Submitted by Gabriel Micheloud (gmicheloud@hotmail.com) on 2013-06-06T22:38:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Micheloud - How do investors respond to share buyback programs.pdf.pdf: 1566917 bytes, checksum: 33961b06c5afc3b50e19e0a1a8ae4743 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-06-07T13:32:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Micheloud - How do investors respond to share buyback programs.pdf.pdf: 1566917 bytes, checksum: 33961b06c5afc3b50e19e0a1a8ae4743 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-07T13:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Micheloud - How do investors respond to share buyback programs.pdf.pdf: 1566917 bytes, checksum: 33961b06c5afc3b50e19e0a1a8ae4743 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / This paper provides empirical evidence of how effective share repurchase programs were as instruments to signal low prices during 2008 crisis in Brazil. Although we found that stock prices did not respond to buyback programs in the period 2006 to 2012 (1.65% cumulative abnormal returns after 5 days), the average stock price reaction in 2008 (2.93%) is higher and different with statistical significance. Furthermore, we found that the share price reaction from companies with market capitalization below R$10 billion is higher than the one from larger companies. In addition, we found that the response to the buyback programs is positively correlated (i) to the company’s purchasing activity after the announcement, (ii) to the maximum amount of shares announced which can be bought and (iii) to the quantity actually bought during the program. This research is unique in providing empirical evidence on the Brazilian case by analyzing 377 programs announced during that period. The research also confirms that the stock reaction is not influenced by the company's purchasing activity in prior announcements. / Este artigo avalia empiricamente a eficácia dos programas de recompra de ações como instrumento de sinalização de preços baixos durante a crise de 2008 no Brasil com base em 377 programas de recompra. Os resultados não confirmam que o instrumento sinaliza conforme evidenciado pela reação dos preços das ações período entre 2006 e 2012 (1,65% de retornos anormais cumulativos depois de 5 dias), mas por outro lado, o diferença no impacto médio no preço das ações em 2008 (2,93%) é significativo estatisticamente. Além disso, ao segmentar a amostra entre empresas de baixo e alto valor de capitalização, há evidência empírica que as ações de empresas com baixa capitalização são mais sensíveis ao anúncios de recompra. Com base em dados ex-ante, mostramos que se a empresa realmente informa que poderá fazer volumes grandes de recompra, as ações tendem a ajustar o seu preço de forma estatisticamente significativa. Há evidências que o impacto no preço da ação não é influenciado por recompras realizadas em programas anteriores.

This research is aimed to discover and test the potential influencing factors on stock buybacks for Chinese listed companies. 11 new influencing factors hypotheses are developed based on several prevailing hypotheses, such as the information signaling hypothesis, the free cash flow hypothesis, the optimal leverage hypothesis and the takeover deterrence hypothesis. The research will test 11 factors that potentially influence listed companies to buy back stocks. The regression and independent variables will be adjusted. The testing sample is from all the companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange that had stock buyback transactions in 2019. Suggestions will be given according to the regression result regarding the potential influencing factors on stock buybacks for Chinese listed companies in 2019. Due to different influencing factors on stock buybacks, different operating methods may have different effects to achieve different goals. Therefore, the determinants of buyback methods in practice will be discussed. The advantages and disadvantages will be discussed from different perspectives, which can be very useful suggestions in stock buyback practice. / Business Administration/Finance

本論文探討公司負債到期結構的實證決定因素。本研究首先選取台灣一般製造業104家樣本，使用複迴歸進行分析，結果顯示此104家樣本公司市價對帳面價值比與實質稅率的係數估計值為負，證明高成長和高預期代理成本的公司，擁有長於三年到期結構負債的比率顯著的較低，驗證資訊不對稱程度較高的企業較不偏好長期負債的假說，並與理論的預測相同。對於負債到期結構之其他三項決定因素，即資產年限、變異性、與超額盈餘而言，結果和假說理論及國外實證研究結果不合，無法驗證資產與負債年限相配之假說，同時以負債到期結構與超額盈餘傳遞訊息假說之理論亦無法成立。由於此六項決定因素皆不具統計顯著性，故而再選取電子業31家樣本進行實證研究。此上市公司電子業31家的實證結果支持代理成本與負債到期結構之間具有負相關的假說，以及企業會配合公司資產年限和負債到期結構的相配假說；然而，實證結果無法驗證此31家電子產業的負債到期結構與企業規模呈現正相關，也無法驗證負債到期結構和公司價值的變異性、超額報酬具有負相關的假說。此外，研究結果並不支持稅負會影響負債到期結構的說法，以及企業會利用負債到期結構發佈訊息的假設。 / This paper investigates the empirical determinants of corporate debt maturity structure by exploring the possible relations between the firm’s debt maturity structure and six firm-specific characteristics of agency-related costs, size, signaling, asset maturity, taxes and variability. This is done by testing the theoretical model of debt maturity structure first using a cross-sectional data set of 104 non-financial Taiwan firms, and then using a data set of 31 Taiwan electronic firms. The results of the test on the 104 non-financial Taiwan firms shows that agency-costs, asset-maturity and taxes exert negative impacts on debt maturity, while size, variability and abcdrmal profit have positive impacts on debt maturity. However, none of these determinants are significant on the debt maturity structure decisions. As for the 31 Taiwan electronic firms, the evidence lends considerable support to the prediction that the impact of agency-costs on debt maturity is negative. The findings also provide support for the notion that these firms match the maturity of their debt to that of their assets. Though firm size is positively associated with debt maturity, it is not a significant determinant. The empirical analysis provides no evidence that taxes and volatility of firm value affect debt maturity structure. Finally, the empirical results are not supportive of the signaling hypothesis that Taiwan electronic firms use their debt maturity structure to signal information to the market.

i Abstract This Master Thesis is focused on under-pricing of initial public offering. We examine the possibility of signaling by IPO under-pricing on Polish data over the period 2005 - 2010. Signaling by IPO under-pricing is analyzed using signaling model. Taking into consideration the uniqueness of Polish sample, we also analyze the signaling by IPO under- pricing used to the build up the government reputation as market-oriented. Our results suggest the statistical significant positive effect of IPO under-pricing on probability of seasoned equity issue as well as on size of seasoned issue. These findings together with negative relation between IPO under-pricing and lag between IPO and seasoned issue are consistent with predictions of signaling model. We do not find any statistical significant evidence that the Polish government tries to build up reputation for its privatization policy over time by under-pricing and selling a high fraction at the initial offer. Keywords IPO under-pricing, signaling hypothesis, Central Europe, asymmetric information, seasoned equity offering, privatization

No description available.