The construction and usage of gender stereotypes are a continuous social process that occurs daily in the labour market. It is a common conception that negative stereotypes are harmful; however, they are still regularly used for decision-making. Gender stereotypes affect which occupations are interpreted as suitable for women and men. Therefore, women in the labour market face several obstacles to being viewed as legitimate workers and have a more challenging time advancing. This problem is especially evident in low-skilled male-dominated occupations. This paper aims to study how workers in low-skilled male-dominated occupations accept and rationalise differences in internal mobility opportunities. Material from vignettes will be analysed through a mixed method approach, including both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results will be analysed through the concepts of the Worker and the Woman, which have been constructed with inspiration from social role theory, gender systems theory, and the ideal worker. The result shows that it is more accepted among workers in low-skilled male-dominated occupations that male workers with less experience get more internal mobility opportunities than female workers with more experience. This phenomenon is rationalised through gender stereotypes, such as that men have more significant interest and experience in these types of occupations, and are more likely to be favoured by their managers. Women’s opportunities for internal mobility are less accepted, and they are more expected to need help developing their skills. This study concludes that gender stereotypes affect the acceptance and rationalisation of gender differences in internal mobility. Thus, women in low-skilled male-dominated occupations face several challenges, and the results should be used as motivation that efforts to improve the gendered organisational culture is needed.

Nigeria is one of the most populous countries in the world. It is considered the giant of Africa due to its population density. Nigeria has had its history of emigration more than immigration. In the 1970s, most Nigeria emigrated permanently to the Western world to further their higher education; some emigrated for better opportunities. However, the emigration of Nigerian high- skilled youths has increased significantly in recent years. Using a qualitative design, this thesis is carried out to understand the factor(s) contributing to the emigration of Nigerian's younger generations of citizens. The issue of youth emigration in Nigeria is highly important due to the limited focus on emigration in Africa. By looking into youth emigration in Nigeria, this research shifts focus from Euro-centric immigration and contributes to the debate. The study reveals that there are more than one factors that influence the decision of high-skilled youth when deciding to emigrate.

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Mobility and patterns of mobility were discussed by many scholars. Previous studies reveal that mobility helps in changing human social identities. This paper aims to understand high-skilled migrants' mobility and the activities that form their identities. These activities are self-interested to learn and gain knowledge for self-development. The focus of the study is the identity formation and modification of migrated medical doctors in the Emirates of Dubai.  Identities- self (internal) and public (external) are powerful factors potentially shaping human activities. Building on a framework of identifying schools of thought in the social sciences, the paper will initially analyze the nature of social identity through interviews. Subsequently, research attention will shift from analyzing identity per se to the identity work process through which migrant doctors’ identity is shaped and developed for identification. The identity work process will be analyzed empirically based on actors’ self-experiences in their daily routines.

No / Gerard Egan's problem management and opportunity development model is currently in use training prospective counsellors, social workers, nurses, managers, etc. the skills of helping. This essay attempts, experimentally, to depict in three different ways Egan's work and its relationship to operations of power: (1) from a relatively uncritical stance, (2) from a personal experience stance, and (3) from a social constructionist perspective. The whole piece, taken together, attempts to tackle the issue of theory as practice ¿ to ground/unmask/make present the ways in which we are socialised into a profession and the problems inherent in that process. Two themes run through the work: the double bind created for a student on a counselling course which makes some claim to train around Rogers' core conditions, and which is also assessed/accredited; the connections between theory, training and practices.

As Sweden’s demographics evolve and its Asian immigrant population continues to rise, numerous skilled immigrants await the opportunity into Sweden’s skilled labor market.  Understanding the obstacles to skilled labour market integration, immigration demographics to Sweden, and the consequences of labor market barriers on well-being and lifestyle of skilled Asian immigrants in Sweden are the main topics of this study. The primary focus of this thesis is to investigate the barriers that Asian immigrants encounter when trying to find employment in Sweden, along with the resulting patterns of lifestyle. The thesis addresses this challenge by investigating three main areas. Firstly, it identifies the primary obstacles to the integration of skilled immigrants and students from Asia into Swedish labor market. These barriers include Swedish language competency, acknowledgement of foreign education and social capital. Secondly, the study analyses the demographics of Asian students attending Swedish universities, focusing on variables like age, nationality and immigration statistics. Thirdly, the study examines how the consequences of barriers to labor market affect the well-being, lifestyle of Asian immigrants and social sustainability in Sweden. We systematically examined a number of databases for literature published from the year 2000.  By employing qualitative methodologies through Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the study also investigates on the effects of barriers on Swedish labor market and their impact on lifestyle and social sustainability. In addition to the qualitative study, we also included statistical data to illustrate the demographics including age, nationality, and work permit statistics. This does not form part of the analysis and is descriptive. We began the selection process by reading the abstracts and titles of the studies. Next, we read a number of the full-text studies and removed those that did not meet the inclusion criteria. We have employed the concept of thematic analysis for analysis of data in our thesis. We have applied Social Capital Theory and Human Capital Theory to give a strong foundation for our theoretical framework. Throughout the research process, ethical concerns are crucial and are strictly followed. The findings of this study shows that the language barriers, a lack of social networks and low recognition of foreign credentials are the major obstacles Asian skilled immigrants including job seekers and students encounter when trying to integrate into the Swedish workforce. Additionally, the demographic data shows that Asian students face considerable obstacles when it comes to workforce integration, highlighting the necessity of providing them with specialized assistance to expand their professional networks and gain practical work experience. Many Asian immigrants are unable to find employment that matches their qualifications as a result of these hindrances. The combination of these barriers leads to underemployment, which affect immigrants financial stability and professional advancement. These challenges also impact the lifestyle patterns and social sustainability, as they limit economic and employment opportunities thereby affecting general well-being and social cohesion of skilled Asian immigrants in Sweden. The study's conclusions deepen our understanding of immigrant experiences and provide guidance for evidence-based policies and tactics that enhance Asian immigrants' skilled labor market integration, social sustainability and well-being in Nordic nations.   Keywords:  Skilled Asian Immigrants, Sweden, Employment Patterns, Lifestyle Choices, Skilled Labor Market Integration, Asian International Students, Swedish Universities, Social Capital, Barriers, Immigration Statistics, Social Sustainability.

Introduction: Nursing homes throughout the U.S. have faced unprecedented challenges in recent years because of staffing shortages, and under-investment, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. To gain insight into the current state of nursing homes, this study examined nursing home characteristics, quality, and accessibility from a national, regional and state perspective. Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, American Community Survey, Medicare Beneficiary, and the Tennessee Department of Health. Nursing home characteristics and quality were assessed through bivariate and multivariate regression in the U.S. Assessment of HHS Region 4 nursing home characteristics and quality by state cut points were conducted with bivariate analysis. Finally, spatial analysis was conducted to determine nursing home accessibility in Tennessee. Results: In multivariate analyses of all U.S. facilities, non-metropolitan facilities are at 1.27 higher odds of being a 1-star overall rated facility and 0.86 lower odds of being a 5-star facility as compared to metropolitan facilities. When weighted health inspection scores were recategorized by more strict state cut points, 42.45% of HHS Region 4 facilities decreased in health inspection star ratings, while those that were recategorized by more lenient state cut points lead to a 26.64% increase in star ratings. Finally, in the state of Tennessee a mean of 14.9% of county areas are not within 30-minute drive to any nursing home facilities, with 66.4% of county areas being further than a 30-minute drive to a 5-star rated (highest quality) facility. Discussion: Findings from this study show that differences exist in nursing home characteristics that relate to facility quality. Additionally, health inspection 5-star ratings can vary across states, which can make comparison of quality challenging from a consumer perspective. And finally, accessibility to nursing homes can vary throughout a state by metropolitan and non-metropolitan status of the county. An understanding of nursing homes in metropolitan and non-metropolitan communities along with nursing home quality, characteristics of the facility, and characteristics of county populations can enable policymakers to create more equitable policy solutions for nursing homes and the communities they serve.