Ce mémoire de maîtrise a pour objectif de montrer la construction de la représentation visuelle de « l’indigène » de la région de Cuzco et sa relation avec le discours de « l’authenticité » tel que défini par l’indigénisme, l’anthropologie et le tourisme. Il s’intéresse au rôle que jouent les médias visuels et audiovisuels dans la création d’une image de l’indigène perçu comme « authentique » et d’un discours commun sur les Andes. Les documents visuels étudiés, tous produits par des Péruviens, sont une sélection de photographies prises par Martin Chambi entre 1920-1945, le film Kukuli (1961) coréalisé par les Cuzquéniens Luis Figueroa, Eulogio Nishiyama et César Villanueva et la publicité touristique de PromPerú, intitulée «Perú: Vive la leyenda» («Pérou : Vis la légende») (2008). Cette analyse fait ressortir la représentation folklorique et anthropologique de l’indigène telle que suggérée par ces documents, qui l’associent principalement avec les origines, la tradition et le passé précolombien. Elle démontre aussi comment les images constituent une alternative à la stratégie représentationnelle proposée par l’indigénisme lettré et offrent un autre regard sur la réalité. Ainsi, les images technologiques montrent des détails qui ne concordent pas avec les stéréotypes culturels et révèlent un monde d’identités plus nuancées. D’autre part, elles créent aussi un espace de collaboration –entre le photographe/cinéaste et leurs modèles– qui permet aux acteurs sociaux marginalisés de participer à leur propre représentation. Enfin, notre recherche établit le lien entre cette image de l’indigène andin et la promotion touristique du Pérou. / This thesis aims to show the construction of the visual representation of "indigenous people" of the Cuzco region and its relation to the discourse of "authenticity" as defined by indigenismo, anthropology and tourism. We are interested in the role of visual and audiovisual media in creating an image of indigenous person perceived as "authentic" and a shared discourse about the Andes. The visual documents we are studying, all produced by Peruvians, include: a selection of photographs taken between 1920-1945 by Martin Chambi, the movie Kukuli (1961) co-directed by cuzqueños Luis Figueroa, Eulogio Nishiyama and César Villanueva and the tourism advertising by PromPerú entitled "Peru: Live the Legend" (2008). Our analysis highlights the documents’ mainly folkloric and anthropological representation of “indigenous people”, who are associated with origins, tradition and the pre-Columbian past. Our study also examines how the same images are an alternative to the representational strategy of lettered indigenismo, offering another view of reality. Technological images 1) show details not consistent with cultural stereotypes and reveal a more modulated world of identities; 2) create a space for collaboration –between photographer/filmmaker and models– that allows marginalized social actors to participate in their own representation. Finally, we establish the link between this image of Andean Indians and the tourism promotion of Peru. / Esta memoria tiene como objetivo mostrar la construcción de la representación visual del “indígena” de la región de Cuzco y su relación con el discurso de la “autenticidad” definido por el indigenismo, la antropología y el turismo. Nos interesamos en el papel de los medios visuales y audiovisuales en la creación de una imagen del indígena percibido como “auténtico” y de un discurso compartido sobre los Andes. Los documentos visuales que estudiamos fueron producidos por peruanos y son los siguientes: una selección de fotografías de Martín Chambi tomadas entre 1920-1945, la película Kukuli (1961) co-realizada por los cuzqueños Luis Figueroa, Eulogio Nishiyama y César Villanueva y la publicidad turística de PromPerú, titulada “Perú: Vive la leyenda” (2008). Por un lado, este análisis destaca la representación mayormente folclórica y antropológica que estos documentos realizan del indígena, asociándolo con los orígenes, la tradición y el pasado precolombino. Por otro lado, este estudio demuestra cómo las imágenes constituyen una alternativa a la estrategia representativa del indigenismo letrado y ofrecen otra mirada sobre la realidad. Las imágenes tecnológicas 1) muestran detalles que no concuerdan con los estereotipos culturales y revelan un mundo de identidades más moduladas; 2) crean un espacio de colaboración –entre fotógrafo/cineasta y modelos– que permite a los actores sociales marginados participar en su propia representación. Por último, establecemos el vínculo entre esta imagen del indígena y la promoción turística de Perú.

Drywall, a popular building material made of gypsum based plaster sandwiched between two thick sheets of paper is used for building interior walls, is speedier alternative to traditional plaster, decreasing time and labor for construction. Importance of drywall increased with the demand for drywall after nine hurricanes hit Florida in 2004-05 and widespread damage caused in the Gulf Coast after Katrina in 2005. This study has two parts. First part presents an analysis of metals like strontium for the identification of Chinese drywall, and a comparison of strontium concentrations of American drywall and Chinese drywall using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) analysis with the Innov-X XRF analyzer. The second part presents an analysis of metal exposure during cutting and installation of drywall using 8stage Cascade impactor. The work space concentration of, different metals is analyzed using XRF analysis and particulate matter within various size ranges, were calculated and their effects are studied.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:16:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 patricia.pdf: 10314725 bytes, checksum: 715f5c31241bfc42e4c33c08b3d4387a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Between 1976 and 1981 Bernard Faucon staged window mannequins of children for photographic mise en scènes. These mise en scènes present celluloid dummies with glass eyes arranged in scenes constructed to appear natural and familiar (such as outdoor promenades, games and picnics) and belong to the series called Les Grandes Vacances. In some images, and disturbing the fictions, a living child is seem naked among the manequins. This research focus on the relation between verisimilitude and inverisimilitude as found between the living child and the non-living ones in this series. It also deals with the relation between the experience of time and the photographic gaze. As far as methodology is concerned, our study is based in authors such as Roland Barthes, Maurice Blanchot e Sigmund Freud, who approach, each of them in his own field of reaserch, the connections of the gaze with life and death, as well as with verisimilitude and inverisimilitude. The conclusions indicate that, in these photographs, life and truth are not to be searched in reality, for they ermerge from the non-living and the inverisimilitude. It is the mannequin, rather than the living body, that concentrates the power of guiding the gaze to places where it can experience true affections and fictionalize possible lifes. The true and living body is impossible / Entre 1976 e 1981, Bernard Faucon realizou mise en scènes fotográficas com manequins de vitrine infantis. Reunidas na série que viria a se chamar Les Grandes Vacances, elas apresentam bonecos de cera e olhos de vidro em cenas construídas para parecerem naturais e familiares como passeios ao ar livre, jogos e piqueniques. Em algumas imagens, um menino vivo, de corpo descoberto, aparece em meio aos manequins, para abalar as ficções. Esta pesquisa se debruça sobre a questão da verossimilhança e da inverossimilhança, pautada na relação entre a criança viva e a não-viva nestas imagens. Também buscamos explorar como nelas se articula a experiência do tempo e o olhar fotográfico. Metodologicamente, este trabalho parte de um diálogo com um conjunto de autores, como Roland Barthes, Maurice Blanchot e Sigmund Freud, que tangenciam, cada qual em seu próprio campo de estudo, a relação do olhar com a vida e a morte, bem como com a verossimilhança e a inverossimilhança. As conclusões às quais chegamos indicam que em Les Grandes Vacances a vida e a verdade não são buscadas pelo lado da realidade, mas emergem do não-vivo e do inverossímil. Percebemos que é o manequim que concentra todas as potências de conduzir o olhar a experienciar afetos verdadeiros e a fabular vidas possíveis. O corpo vivo e verdadeiro é impossível

Cette thèse porte sur l’oralité orungu et notamment sur le conte. Elle est axée sur les performances d’un conteur, Brice Senah Ambenga, dans deux situations de communication différentes. En prenant comme point de départ la performance comme critère définitoire, elle analyse les contes en oralité première, en l’occurrence dans la veillée, la palabre de mariage et de deuil, l’initiation au Bwiti, mais également en néo-oralité, à savoir à la radio et lors de sa mise en spectacle. L’observation du même énonciateur aboutit au questionnement novateur suivant : la situation de communication a-t-elle des incidences sur la performance, la langue et les textes ? Cette problématique est analysée en neuf chapitres.Le premier présente la société à laquelle le conteur appartient et comprend un aperçu de son histoire et de son organisation sociopolitique.Dans le second chapitre, il est question du cadre théorique dans lequel se situe l’analyse, appuyée sur les notions d’oralité, de littérature orale et de performance. Par ailleurs, une interrogation sur la notion de "parole" et de "genres littéraires orungu" est proposée.Le troisième chapitre présente le conteur, son répertoire et les situations de communication déclinées en plusieurs circonstances.Les chapitres quatre à huit analysent les performances de ce conteur. Il s’agit de contextualiser et de décrire chaque performance i.e. situation d’énonciation, ainsi que les contes qui y sont énoncés, de manière à isoler leurs caractéristiques.Enfin, le dernier chapitre compare les caractéristiques des performances en oralité première et en néo-oralité.L’analyse s’appuie sur le corpus des contes transcrits et traduits dans le volume 2. / This thesis focuses on the orungu orality, in particular the orungu tale. It is centred on the performance of a storyteller, Brice Senah Ambenga, in two different communication situations. Taking performance as a defining criterion for a starting point, the study analyses tales in the traditional orality, in this case, during the wake, the marriage and mourning palaver, the initiation into Bwiti, but also in neo-orality, on the radio and when being staged. The observation of the same enunciator leads to the following innovative question: Does communication situation have any effect on the performance, the language and the texts? The question is analysed in nine chapters.The first chapter presents the storyteller’s society and that includes an overview of his story and the sociopolitical organization of his society.The second chapter is about the theoretical framework in which the analysis is based, supported by the notions of orality, oral literature and performance. Furthermore, a question on the notion of "speech" and "orungu literary genre" is proposed.The third chapter presents the storyteller, his repertoire and communication situations construed in many different circumstances.Chapters four to eight analyse the performances of this storyteller. It is about contextualizing and describing each performance, i.e., the enunciation situation, as well as the tales enunciated therein, so as to isolate their characteristics.Lastly, the last chapter compares performance characteristics of traditional orality and neo-orality.The analysis is based on the corpus of tales transcribed and translated in Volume 2.

Cette thèse s’interesse à l’étude des effets des sociétés de Capital-Investissement (SCI) sur la performance des introductions en bourse. La démarche suivie pour argumenter cette thèse nous a conduits, dans une première partie, à justifier notre positionnement théorique et à définir nos hypothèses de recherche. Cette étape nous a orientée vers l’analyse des caractéristiques des introductions en bourse et l’analyse du rôle des SCI notamment sur le marché des introductions en bourse. Nous avons construit une argumentation autour du rôle des SCI en matière de résolution des asyémtries informationnelles caractérisant les sociétés introduites en bourse. Les SCI, étant dotées d’une capacité à concevoir des contrats, d’un réseau de connaissance et d’une expertise, pourraient atténuer les conflits d’agence et émettre un signal positif sur le marché d’IPOs. En revanche, ces sociétés pourraient se retrouver face au problème de sélection adverse au moment de la décision d’investissement et/ou adopter un comportement opportuniste pour servir leurs intérêts. La vérification empirique de cette problèmatique est développée dans la deuxième partie de notre thèse. Elle consiste à comparer la performance à court et à long terme des sociétés financées de celles non financées par CI, ensuite analyser cette performance en foction de l’affiliation institutionnelle des SCI et enfin, expliquer cette performance en fonction de la réputation des SCI et des stratégies d’intermédiation de celles-ci, notamment la syndication, le financement séquentiel et la distribution des droits aux cash-flows et au contrôle / In this dissertation, it is tried to understand the effects of Venture Capital Firms (VCF) on the performance of VC-backed listed companies in France. To do this research, we try to develop, in the first part, theoretical framework and define research hypothesis. This part leads us to examine characteristics of initial public offerings (IPOs) and the role of venture capitalists particularly in conducting an IPO. We develop the argument around the role of VCF in resolving informational problems, characteristics of IPO’s market. A VCF, being specialists to draw up contract with entrepreneurs and possessing expertise and knowledge network, could diminish conflicts of interests and certify IPOs. However, these firms could run a problem of adverse selection and/or adopt opportunistic behaviour to serve their own interests. The empirical validation of this problem is dealt with in second part of this dissertation. It consists, in first place, to compare performance of VC backing IPOs to Non-VC backing IPOs. In second place, we determine the relation between the performance of VC backing IPOs and the institutional affiliation of VCF. In last part, we test explanatory power of reputation of VCF and their mechanisms of intermediation, particularly, syndication, staged financing and distribution of cash-flows and control rights

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die retrospektive Beurteilung der Sicherheit und Effektivität der Leberteilresektion bei der Behandlung von Lebermetastasen des kolorektalen Karzinoms sowie der Re-Resektion bei Patienten mit Rezidivlebermetastasen. Weiterhin soll das operative Vorgehen bei synchronen Lebermetastasen hinsichtlich simultaner Resektionsverfahren und zweizeitigen Vorgehens untersucht werden. Insgesamt wurden die Ergebnisse von 660 Patienten ausgewertet, die zwischen 1988 und 2004 mit 685 Leberteilresektionen behandelt wurden. Unter diesen waren 75 Patienten, die eine Re-Resektion erhielten sowie 202 Patienten, bei denen die Lebermetastasen synchron auftraten. Neben der Analyse der postoperativen Letalität und postoperativen Komplikationen sollen prognostische Faktoren für das Langzeitüberleben und das Auftreten von Tumorrezidiven nach Leberteilresektion identifiziert werden. Da sich die Studienpopulation aus einem Zeitraum von über 15 Jahren rekrutiert, sollen außerdem verschiedene Zeitabschnitte vergleichend analysiert werden. Die Leberteilresektion ist derzeit die einzige potentiell kurative Therapie bei kolorektalen Lebermetastasen. Als prognostisch günstige Parameter in der multivariaten Analyse zeigten sich die Radikalität des Eingriffes, die Anzahl der Metastasen, vorhandene ligamentäre Lymph-knotenmetastasen sowie das Jahr der Resektion. Auch bei Rezidiven kolorektaler Lebermetastasen ist das chirurgische Vorgehen derzeit die einzige kurative Intervention. Re-Resektionen weisen ein vergleichbares operatives Risiko und vergleichbare Langzeitüberlebensraten auf wie Erstresektionen. Als einziger prognostischer Parameter für das Langzeitüberleben erwies sich in der multivariaten Analyse die Radikalität des Eingriffes. Bei synchronen Lebermetastasen sind die wichtigsten Kriterien, um eine simultane Resektion durchzuführen, die Berücksichtigung des Alters sowie des Resektionsausmaßes. Simultane Resektionen sind bei synchronen kolorektalen Lebermetastasen dann so sicher und effizient durchführbar wie Resektionen im zweizeitigen Vorgehen.

A qualitative approach was taken to explore Canadian Congolese refugees’ experience of war trauma recovery. Six volunteers (three men and three women), who self-identified as traumatized by their experience of war in Congo and had lived in Canada for less than ten years, participated in in-depth interviews. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach to analysis, a core construct of Surviving War was identified. A hierarchical model of surviving war was developed that subsumed all other categories. By extrapolating principles from this model, a theory of Surviving War was developed which identifies factors that contribute to surviving war. Limitations of the current research are presented along with suggestions for further research. Recommendations for professionals working with a refugee population are also presented.

A qualitative approach was taken to explore Canadian Congolese refugees’ experience of war trauma recovery. Six volunteers (three men and three women), who self-identified as traumatized by their experience of war in Congo and had lived in Canada for less than ten years, participated in in-depth interviews. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach to analysis, a core construct of Surviving War was identified. A hierarchical model of surviving war was developed that subsumed all other categories. By extrapolating principles from this model, a theory of Surviving War was developed which identifies factors that contribute to surviving war. Limitations of the current research are presented along with suggestions for further research. Recommendations for professionals working with a refugee population are also presented.

Configurable process models are integrated representations of multiple variants of a process model in a given domain, e.g. multiple variants of a shipment-to-delivery process in the logistics domain. Configurable process models provide a basis for managing variability and for enabling reuse of process models in Process-Aware Information Systems. Rather than designing process models from scratch, analysts can derive process models by configuring existing ones, thereby reusing proven practices. This thesis starts with the observation that existing approaches for capturing and managing configurable process models suffer from three shortcomings that affect their usability in practice. Firstly, configuration in existing approaches is performed manually and as such it is error-prone. In particular, analysts are left with the burden of ensuring the correctness of the individualized models. Secondly, existing approaches suffer from a lack of decision support for the selection of configuration alternatives. Consequently, stakeholders involved in the configuration of process models need to possess expertise both in the application domain and in the modeling language employed. This assumption represents an adoption obstacle in domains where users are unfamiliar with modeling notations. Finally, existing approaches for configurable process modeling are limited in scope to control-flow aspects, ignoring other equally important aspects of process models such as object flow and resource management. Following a design science research method, this thesis addresses the above shortcomings by proposing an integrated framework to manage the configuration of process models. The framework is grounded on three original and interrelated contributions: (i) a conceptual foundation for correctness-preserving configuration of process models; (ii) a questionnaire-driven approach for process model configuration, providing decision support and abstraction from modeling notations; (iii) a meta-model for configurable process models covering control-flow, data objects and resources. While the framework is language-independent, an embodiment of the framework in the context of a process modeling language used in practice is also developed in this thesis. The framework was formally defined and validated using four scenarios taken from different domains. Moreover, a comprehensive toolset was implemented to support the validation of the framework.

The aim of this musical anthropology thesis focuses on "medieval music" as practiced by fans of historical fencing in the form of living history on the example of two Czech bands - Subulcus and Medieval Open Band as part of project Prácheňská manství. In my thesis I focus not only on sound and musical instruments, but also on the behavior of actors and their conceptualization of the Middle Ages, according to the concepts of music as culture of Allan Merriam, resp. of music as social life of Thomas Turino. I combine here the basic ideas of ethnomusicology with the ideas of musical memory in connection with the contemporary concepts of social memory and, last but not least, with the concepts of "golden age", nostalgia, staged authenticity and invented traditions. The point of this work is to bring about the origin and form of music that the actors understand as medieval, although not always comes the repertoire from the Middle Ages.