Com a atual transição demográfica refletida no envelhecimento populacional, as doenças crônicas transmissíveis foram substituídas pelas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), que ocasionam implicações no processo do envelhecimento saudável, para o idoso e para as famílias, havendo a necessidade da procura por Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI). Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever o perfil de saúde de idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência públicas do município de Bauru/SP, possibilitando o tratamento e monitoramento para melhor qualidade de vida dessa população. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo analítico, realizado entre os anos 2015 e 2017, com amostra constituída por 146 idosos residentes das duas únicas ILPI públicas do município de Bauru/Sp. Foram realizados exames de hemograma, glicemia de jejum, e perfil lipídico para avaliar respectivamente anemia, diabetes e dislipidemia nessa população. Foram utilizados dados sóciodemográficos dos prontuários médicos dos residentes e utilizado o IMC dos idosos para avaliação nutricional. Os resultados obtidos destacam que 72 (49%) idosos eram do sexo masculino e 74 (51%) do sexo feminino, com prevalência de indivíduos com idade entre 60 e 69 anos (40%) com pele branca (68,5%). Quanto ao hemograma, 33 (22,6%) idosos estavam com valores indicativos de anemia, 54 (37%) resultados abaixo do aceitável de HDL-colesterol, 44 (30,1%) idosos com resultados elevados de LDL-colesterol, característicos de dislipidemias. 77% dos idosos apresentaram peso normal, indicando boa condição nutricional. As mulheres foram as mais acometidas (17,6%) pelo baixo peso na faixa etária entre 60 e 69 anos em associação com os casos de anemia. Concluímos que as condições de saúde da maioria dos idosos residentes em ILPI públicas no município de Bauru foram consideradas de boa qualidade frente aos desafios diários, fragilidades individuais e a complexidade de fatores envolvidos nesta avaliação. A prática de exercícios físicos para o controle das dislipidemias é de extrema importância durante o envelhecimento, porém nas instituições os exercícios são realizados com moderação respeitando as individualidades. Ressalta-se a importância dos cuidados multiprofissionais adequados e aos exames de sangue periódicos para que haja integração do conhecimento sobre o perfil de saúde e monitoramento das doenças crônicas, promovendo a melhor qualidade de vida dos idosos, especialmente os institucionalizados. / With the current demographic transition reflected in population aging, chronic communicable diseases have been replaced by chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), which have implications for the aging process for the elderly and for families. Long Stay for the Elderly people (ILPI). In this context, the objective of this study was to describe the health profile of elderly people living in long-term public institutions in the city of Bauru/SP, allowing treatment and monitoring to improve the quality of life of this population. This is a descriptive cross-sectional analytical study, carried out between 2015 and 2017, with a sample of 146 elderly residents of the only two public ILPI in the city of Bauru/SP. Hemogram, fasting glycemia, and lipid profile tests were performed to assess anemia, diabetes and dyslipidemia in this population, respectively. Data from medical records and BMI of the elderly were used for nutritional evaluation. The results showed that 72 (49%) of the elderly were male and 74 (51%) were female, with a prevalence of individuals aged between 60 and 69 years (40%) and white skin (68.5%). Regarding the CBC, 33 (22.6%) elderly patients had values indicative of anemia, 54 (37%) below-acceptable HDL-cholesterol, 44 (30.1%) elderly patients with high LDL-cholesterol Of dyslipidemias. 77% of the elderly presented normal weight, indicating an excellent nutritional condition. The women were the most affected (17.6%) due to the low weight in the age group between 60 and 69 years, all of them being associated with anemia. We conclude that the health conditions of the majority of the elderly people living in public ILPI in the city of Bauru were considered of good quality in face of daily challenges, individual fragilities and the complexity of factors involved in this evaluation. The practice of physical exercises for the control of dyslipidemias is extremely important during aging, but in institutions the exercises are performed with moderation respecting the individualities. The importance of appropriate multiprofessional care and periodic blood exams is important in order to integrate knowledge about the health profile and monitoring of chronic diseases, promoting the better quality of life of the elderly, especially the institutionalized ones.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-09-25T13:58:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jamilivargascontemontenario.pdf: 3694016 bytes, checksum: c2ab9df9a09c4165163ab293c2d693c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-10-16T12:12:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jamilivargascontemontenario.pdf: 3694016 bytes, checksum: c2ab9df9a09c4165163ab293c2d693c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T12:12:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jamilivargascontemontenario.pdf: 3694016 bytes, checksum: c2ab9df9a09c4165163ab293c2d693c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-13 / Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa realizado em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos do município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Apresenta como objetivos: analisar a prevalência de quedas; descrever o perfil sócio demográfico dos idosos e analisar as associações entre as variáveis independentes relacionadas às quedas. A coleta dos dados aconteceu no período de 28 de dezembro de 2017 a 15 de fevereiro de 2018. Utilizado questionário elaborado a partir das variáveis apontadas como risco para queda conforme o Protocolo de Quedas do Ministério da Saúde e aplicação da escala de quedas, validada no país, Morse Fall Scale –MRS. Participaram da pesquisa 48 idosos, 43,8% do sexo feminino e 56,2% do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 76,2 anos (DP=7,2). Foi elaborado um banco de dados por meio do Software Statistic Package Social Survey (SPSS), versão 15.0. Realizou-se análise descritiva em que foram observadas as frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis, bem como a média e o desvio padrão. Para a análise bivariada realizou-se o cálculo da razão de prevalência (RP) com a utilização do teste qui-quadrado (intervalo de confiança de 95%). Efetuada análise múltipla pela Regressão de Poisson, sendo incluídas todas as variáveis que apresentaram associações com p-valor < 0,20. Os resultados evidenciaram que a prevalência geral de quedas foi de 39,6%; 54,2% apresentaram risco de moderado a alto risco para quedas. Estiveram associadas à ocorrência das quedas no último ano as variáveis: tontura (RP=8,306; p=0,002), síncope (RP=6,231; p=0,045), dor intensa (RP= 4,320; p=0,025), incontinência ou urgência miccional (RP= 4,815; p=0,018), osteoporose (RP= 5,769; p=0,033), classificação da visão (RP=4,582; p=0,015), depressão (RP=5,271; p=0,013) e a ansiedade (RP=5,333 p=0,013). Na análise multivariada a depressão (RP = 14,755, IC95% 2,543-85,621; p=0,003) e a síncope (RP = 8,055; IC95% = 1,011-64,144; p=0,049) mantiveram-se associadas independente do sexo e da idade. Concluiu-se que os resultados alcançados neste estudo se aproximam ao que é descrito na literatura e reforçam a necessidade de um gerenciamento contínuo do cuidado geriátrico e gerontológico no que tange a avaliação do risco e a prevenção das quedas entre os idosos institucionalizados. / This is a descriptive study of a quantitative approach carried out in a Long Stay Institution for the Elderly in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. It presents as objectives: to analyze the prevalence of falls; to describe the socio-demographic profile of the elderly and to analyze the associations between the independent variables related to falls. The data collection was carried out from December 28, 2017 to February 15, 2018. A questionnaire elaborated using the variables considered as risk for falls according to the Protocol of Falls of the Ministry of Health and application of the scale of falls, validated in the country, Morse Fall Scale -MRS. Thirty-eight elderly, 43.8% female and 56.2% male, with a mean age of 76.2 years (SD = 7.2) participated in the study. A database was elaborated through Software Statistic Package Social Survey (SPSS), version 15.0. A descriptive analysis was performed in which the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables were observed, as well as the mean and the standard deviation. For the bivariate analysis, the prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated using the chi-square test (95% confidence interval). Multiple analysis was performed by Poisson regression, and all variables that presented associations with p-value <0.20 were included. The results showed that the general prevalence of falls was 39.6%; 54.2% presented moderate to high risk for falls. The following variables were associated with the occurrence of falls in the last year: dizziness (PR = 8.306, p = 0.002), syncope (PR = 6.231, p = 0.045), intense pain (PR = 4,320, p = 0,025), urinary incontinence or urgency (RP = 4.855, p = 0.018), osteoporosis (RP = 5.769, p = 0.033), vision rating (RP = 4.582, p = 0.015), depression 5,333 p = 0.013). In the multivariate analysis, depression (RP = 14,755, 95% CI 2.543-85.621, p = 0.003) and syncope (RP = 8,558, 95% CI = 1,011-64,144, p = 0.049) remained independent of gender and age. It was concluded that the results achieved in this study are close to what is described in the literature and reinforce the need for a continuous management of geriatric and gerontological care in relation to risk assessment and prevention of falls among institutionalized elderly.

Studien undersöker om den svenska aktiemarknaden i regel presterar sämre mellan månaderna maj och september enligt den så kallade “ sell-in-may-and-go-away- effekten”. Vi använder den logaritmerade avkastningen för det svenska indexet OMXS30 som delas upp i olika perioder; maj till september, samt oktober till april. Avkastningen för dessa perioder jämförs genom att använda en regressionsmodell. Resultatet från undersökningen visar att effekten är positiv, samt signifikant på en-procentsnivå mellan 1986 till 2017 för OMXS30 iSverige. Studien tittar även på sell-in-may-and-go-away- effektens utveckling, och finner indikationer för att effekten avtar efter publiceringen av Bouman &amp; Jacobsens undersökningav effekten år 2002. Indikationen på att effekten avtar kan betyda en högre grad av rationalitet hos investerare samt en mer effektiv marknad allt eftersom sell-in-may-and-go-away- effekten blir mer allmänt känd. Resultatet för att effekten skulle vara avtagande är dock inte statistisk signifikant och därmed inte heller statistiskt säkerställd.

The thesis focuses on the Risk Life Insurance of the Czech insurance market offering coverage just for serious health risks without any investment or savings component. Assessment of the Risk Life Insurance offer is based on the findings of the general and special insurance conditions as well as on the gained draft insurance contracts worked on the model setting. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of the main coverage which is in all cases the life insurance along with the offer of the complementary insurance for case of death, disability, cancer or severe diseases. The emphasis is on the scope of risks coverage and the insurance conditions which are considered to be an insurance event.

In 2007, the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) released a guideline aimed at preventing complications of neonatal jaundice through universal screening and guidelines for follow-up and treatment. This thesis investigates the impact of implementation of the CPS guideline on health services utilization at a population level in Ontario. First, we surveyed all Ontario hospitals providing maternal-newborn services to determine if and when they had implemented universal bilirubin screening, and to gather information about the organization of services to provide follow-up and treatment, and about the factors that influenced screening implementation. Then we conducted two population-based cohort studies using linked administrative health data to evaluate the association between 1) the implementation of universal bilirubin screening and phototherapy use (during and following birth hospitalization) length of stay (LOS), jaundice-related emergency department (ED) visits and readmissions; and 2) universal bilirubin screening implementation and access to recommended follow-up care by socio-economic status (SES). By 2012, the majority of Ontario hospitals had implemented universal bilirubin screening. There is heterogeneity in how hospitals organize services, but a notable trend towards hospital-based post-discharge care. Screening was associated with an increase in phototherapy during hospitalization at birth (relative risk (RR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.59), and a decrease in jaundice-related ED visits (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.96), but no statistically significant difference in phototherapy after discharge, length of stay, or jaundice-related readmissions after accounting for pre-existing temporal trends in healthcare service use and other patient socio-demographic and hospital characteristics. Implementation of the universal bilirubin screening in Ontario was associated with a modest increase in rates of early follow-up (adjusted RR 1.11, CI 1.0014-1.22, p=0.0468), but most babies were not seen within the recommended timeframe. Babies of lowest SES were least likely to receive recommended follow-up, and disparities in follow-up increased following universal bilirubin screening implementation. En 2007, la Société canadienne de pédiatrie (SCP) a publié une directive visant à la prévention des complications de l'ictère néonatal par le dépistage universel et des lignes directrices pour le suivi et le traitement. Cette thèse étudie l'impact de la mise en œuvre de la directive SCP sur l'utilisation des services de santé à niveau de population de l'Ontario. Tout d'abord, nous avons interrogé tous les hôpitaux de l'Ontario offrant des services de santé maternelle-nouveau-né afin de déterminer si et quand ils avaient mis en œuvre le dépistage universel de la bilirubine, et à recueillir des informations sur l'organisation des services pour assurer un suivi et de traitement, et sur les facteurs qui ont influencé la mise en œuvre de dépistage. Ensuite, nous avons mené deux études de cohorte basée sur la population à partir de données administratives sur la santé pour évaluer 1 ) l'association entre la mise en œuvre du dépistage de la bilirubine universel et la photothérapie utilisation lors de l'hospitalisation à la naissance, la photothérapie après avoir sortie de l'hôpital, la durée du séjour, le service des urgences liées à la jaunisse et des réadmissions liées à la jaunisse; et 2 ) l'association entre la mise en œuvre du dépistage universel et l'accès aux soins de suivi recommandés et si cela différait entre les quintiles de statut socioéconomique. En 2012, la majorité des hôpitaux de l'Ontario a mis en œuvre le dépistage universel de la bilirubine. Il existe une hétérogénéité de la façon dont les hôpitaux organisent des services, mais une tendance notable vers les soins post-décharge en milieu hospitalier. Le dépistage a été associé à une augmentation de la photothérapie pendant l'hospitalisation à la naissance (risque relatif (RR) de 1,32, intervalle de confiance 95 % (IC 95 %) de 1,09 à 1,59), et une diminution des visites à l'urgence liées à la jaunisse (RR 0,79, IC 95 % 0,64 à 0,96), mais aucune différence statistiquement significative dans la photothérapie après la sortie , la durée du séjour , ou réadmissions liées jaunisse - après comptabilisation des tendances temporelles pré- existants dans l'utilisation des services de soins de santé et d'autres caractéristiques socio- démographiques des patients et caractéristiques de l'hôpital. La mise en œuvre de le dépistage universel en Ontario a été associée à une légère augmentation des taux de suivi précoce (RR ajusté 1,11; IC de 1,0014 à 1,22; p = 0,0468), mais la plupart des bébés n'ont pas été vues dans les délais recommandés. Les bébés de statut socioéconomique faibles étaient moins susceptibles de recevoir de soins de suivi recommandés et les disparités dans le suivi ont augmenté suite à la mise en œuvre du dépistage universel de la bilirubine.

The thesis deals with specific segments of the senior travel tourism, as an important type of travel tourism in the Czech republic. The specific charackteritics of demands and preferences of seniors are stated. The quality and amount of the services in travel tourism are evaluated and analyzed. Further, the thesis evaluates subjects offering specific products and services for seniors on the Czech market, in particular activities of tour operators, travel agencies and accommodation providers. These subjects are important involved organizations in the changing society according to the process of ageing of population. Also on this account, seniour travel tourism has a big potential to develop. In the conclusion, all the assumptions of the development of senior travel tourism in the Czech republic are evaluated. The goal of the thesis is to analyze and evaluate the level of the services and products being offered to seniors in the Czech republic.

Introdução: Complicações respiratórias são comuns no pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais. Identificar os fatores de risco para tal possibilita à equipe de saúde adotar medidas protetivas, a fim de reduzir a chance de complicações e suas implicações. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para complicações respiratórias no pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais. Metodologia: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo realizado por busca em prontuário eletrônico de indivíduos adultos submetidos à cirurgia abdominal no período de Janeiro a Julho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados através do software estatístico SPSS 20.0. Para teste de normalidade foi utilizado Shapiro-Wilk, para comparação entre grupos teste de X² e t-test, para cálculo de razão de chance foi utilizada regressão logística multivariada. Considerou-se significativo p<0,05. Resultados: No período estudado foram realizadas 1586 cirurgias, sendo os pacientes 55,7% do sexo feminino com idade média de 52,12±16,56 anos. Após a cirurgia, 17,7% dos pacientes apresentaram alguma complicação respiratória; sendo a mais prevalente atelectasia. Identificou-se como fator de risco independente para o surgimento de complicações respiratórias a realização de cirurgia aberta, cirurgia de emergência, presença de pneumopatia crônica, ASA≥3, incisão supraumbilical, IMC≤21kg/m², tabagismo, idade e tempo de cirurgia. Os indivíduos que apresentaram complicações respiratórias permaneceram mais tempo hospitalizados e apresentaram maior mortalidade. Conclusão: Cirurgias abdominais realizadas por laparoscopia estão relacionadas a um menor risco de complicações respiratórias, enquanto que a presença de pneumopatia crônica é o principal fator de risco entre comorbidades. Complicações respiratórias elevam o tempo de internação e a mortalidade. / Introduction: Postoperative respiratory complications are common after abdominal surgeries. Identify risk factors helps the health team to adopt protective measures in order to reduce the chance of complications and its implications. Objective: Identify risk factors for postoperative respiratory complications after abdominal surgeries. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was carried out by searching electronic medical records of adult subjects submitted to abdominal surgery from January to July 2016. Data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 20.0. For the normality test, Shapiro-Wilk was used to compare groups of categorical variables. X² test was used and for continuous variables, t test for independent variables and multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios. Significant p<0.05 was considered. Results: During the study period, 1586 surgeries were performed, 55.7% female patients with a mean age of 52.12±16.56 years. After surgery, 17.7% of the patients presented one or more respiratory complications; the most common was atelectasis. Independent risk factors identified were open surgery, emergency surgery, chronic lung disease, ASA≥3, supraumbilical incision, BMI≤21kg/m², smoking, age and surgery time. Subjects with respiratory complications presented higher length of stay and mortality. Conclusion: Abdominal surgeries performed by laparoscopy are related to a lower risk of respiratory complications, while the presence of chronic lung disease is the main risk factor among comorbidities. Respiratory complications increase length of hospital stay and mortality.

Like other animals, humans explore to learn about the world, and exploit what we have learned in order to maximize reward. The trade-off between exploration and exploitation is a widely-studied topic that cuts across multiple domains, including animal ecology, economics, and computer science. This work approaches the explore-exploit dilemma from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. In particular, how are our decisions to explore or exploit represented computationally? And how is that representation implemented in the brain? Experiment 1 examined neural signals following outcomes in a risk-taking task. Explorations – defined as slower responses – were preceded by an enhancement of the P300, a component of the human event-related brain potential thought to reflect a phasic release of norepinephrine from locus coeruleus. Experiment 2 revealed that the same neural signal precedes feedback in a learning task called a two-armed bandit. There, a reinforcement learning model was used to classify responses as either exploitations or explorations; exploitations were driven by previous rewards, and explorations were not. Experiments 3 and 4 extended these results in three important ways. First, evidence is presented that the neural signal observed in Experiments 1 and 2 was driven not only by the upcoming decision, but also by the preceding decision (perhaps even more so). Second, Experiments 3 and 4 involved increasingly larger action spaces. Experiment 3 involved choosing from among either 4, 9, or 16 options. Experiment 4 involved searching for rewards in continuous two-dimensional map. In both experiments, the feedback-locked P300 was enhanced following exploration. Third, exploitation was the more common strategy in Experiments 1 and 2. Thus, it was unclear whether the exploration-related P300 enhancement observed there was due to exploration per se, to exploration rate, or to the fact that exploration was rare compared to exploitation. Experiment 3 partially address this by eliciting different rates of exploration; the exploration-related P300 effect correlated with rate of exploration. In Experiment 4, exploration was more common than exploitation (in contrast to Experiments 1–3); even so, exploration was followed by a P300 enhancement. Together, Experiments 1–4 suggest the presence of a general neural system related to exploration that operates across multiple task types (discrete to continuous), regardless of whether exploration or exploitation is the more common task strategy. The proposed purpose of this neural signal is to interrupt one mode of decision-making (exploration) in favour of another (exploitation). / Graduate

No description available.

The article addresses the prospective responsibility of states to protect citizens from emigration pressures. After establishing the moral weight of theinterest in staying, the article proceeds to explain why the interest to stay is comparatively more resistant to restrictions than the interest in exercising freedom of movement across borders. On this basis, the argument is then advanced that immigration fees can be charged on (well-off) immigrants as a means to protect economically vulnerable residents in recipient countries from emigration pressures. The argument that I will advance is in at least one sense nonconsequentialist: it accounts for the need for immigration fees without relying on (problematic) assumptions about the consequences of immigration. Furthermore, the argument is also realistic in so far as it accepts that states have the right to restrict immigration.