La thèse a pour objectifs d'identifier les besoins et les difficultés des conjoints aidants de personnesprésentant une maladie d'Alzheimer. Elle vise également à mettre en évidence les points communs etles spécificités de la situation d’aide en fonction de l’âge d’apparition de la maladie. L’axe 1 porte sur l’analyse du vécu de couples dont l'un des partenaires présente une démence précoce. Les résultats mettent en évidence une évolution dans le rapport au savoir des aidants et des personnes malades. Ils passent d'un besoin de comprendre les changements occasionnés par l’arrivée de la maladie à une mise à distance après l'annonce du diagnostic. De plus, avec l'avancée des troubles, les aidants éprouvent des difficultés à ajuster leur niveau d’aide, ce qui est source de conflits entre les deux partenaires. Les deux études de l'axe 2 ont pour objectif d’établir une comparaison entre les aidants de personnes malades jeunes et de personnes malades âgées à la fois sur leurs besoins et sur leurs modes d’ajustement. La majorité des besoins et des stratégies est commune à tous les aidants. Néanmoins, les aidants de personnes malades jeunes expriment plus de besoins en termes de maintien de contact, d'adaptation des structures de soins et d'accompagnement dans les démarches administratives. Les aidants de personnes malades âgées utilisent plus l'humour, l'aménagement et la mise à distance de l'entourage comme stratégies d'ajustement. L’axe 3 vise à investiguer l'influence des caractéristiques de la situation d'aide sur la détresse du conjoint aidant à l’aide d’une modélisation structurale. Les paramètres de ce modèle général ont été comparés en fonction de l'âge de début de la maladie et du genre de l'aidant. Cette étude met en évidence 4 facteurs influençant le sentiment de détresse des conjoints aidants : le sentiment d'être préparé, la qualité du support familial, l’évaluation de sa santé et la qualité d’ajustement du couple. Ce dernier facteur est plus important pour les conjoints aidants de personnes malades jeunes. L’analyse de ces résultats permet de spécifier le contenu de programmes d’accompagnement en faveur de modules communs à tous les aidants et de modules spécifiques en fonction de l'âge d'apparition de la maladie. / This thesis aims to identify needs and difficulties of the spouse caregivers of persons with dementia. We also investigate similarities and specificities related to the caregiving situation regarding the age atonset of the disease.The first axis examines the experience of couples in which one member received a diagnosis of earlyon setdementia. The results show an evolution in the relation to knowledge of the caregivers and the persons with dementia. They oscillate between the need to understand the changes caused by the disease and a distancing after the diagnosis. Moreover, with the progression of the disease, the caregivers are not able to adapt their level of assistance, which increases tensions between the two partners. The two studies of the second axis aim to compare needs and coping strategies of spouse caregivers of persons with early and late onset dementia. The majority of needs and strategies are the same for all spouse caregivers. However, the spouse caregivers of persons with early-onset dementia express the greatest number of needs related to maintaining contacts, more need of adapted care structures and more need to be assisted in administrative procedures. The spouse caregivers of persons with late-onset dementia use more humor, re-arranging, and getting away from the entourage. The third axis investigates the influence of the characteristics of the caregiving context on spousal caregiver distress with a structural modelisation. The sittings of this general model were compared regarding the age at onset of the disease and the gender of caregiver. This study demonstrated that 4 factors contribute to spousal caregiver distress: preparedness, family support, self-rated health and the quality of the couple relationship. Dyadic determinants were more important for caregivers of PEOD. The analysis of these results permits to specify the content of support for a common core and specific modules depending on the age at onset of the disease.

Diese Dissertation besteht aus drei Aufsätzen, in denen verschiedene Aspekte von zweiseitigen Märkten untersucht werden. Dabei handelt es sich um Märkte mit zwei verschiedenen Nutzergruppen, von denen jede Netzwerkeffekte auf die jeweils andere Seite ausübt. Im ersten Aufsatz werden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den traditionellen (offline) Nachfragekanälen und den neuen (online) Nachfragekanälen in der deutschen Zeitschriftenindustrie analysiert. Dabei liegt der Fokus insbesondere auf den Effekten zwischen Offlinewerbung und Onlinewerbung. Das Ergebnis der Schätzung eines dafür entwickelten ökonomischen Modells ist, dass Offline- und Onlinewerbung moderate Substitute füreinander sind. Dies erklärt die Verlagerung von Offline- zu Onlinewerbung, die man in den vergangen Jahren beobachten konnte. Im zweiten Aufsatz wird ein semistruktureller Ansatz zur Messung von Netzwerk-Effekten auf potentiell zweiseitigen Monopol-Plattformen entwickelt. Der Test ist hinreichend, wenn lediglich Daten zum Gesamtumsatz der Plattform zur Verfügung stehen. Sind getrennte Umsatzdaten für die beiden Seiten verfügbar, dann ist der Test sowohl notwendig als auch hinreichend. Der dritte Aufsatz untersucht Mechanismen und Anreize, die die Koordination von Angebot und Nachfrage auf Kreditmärkten ermöglichen, in denen es keine Finanzintermediäre mit eigener finanzieller Beteiligung an den vergebenen Darlehen gibt. Dazu wird der Online-Direktkreditmarkt analysiert, in welchem an die Stelle von klassischen Finanzintermediären ein System von Gruppen tritt. Anhand eines Differenz-in-Differenzen-Ansatzes wird gezeigt, dass Entgelte für die Leiter dieser Gruppen zu adversen Anreizen führen können. Nach Abschaffung der Entgelte differenzieren die Leiter der Gruppen deutlich stärker bei der Auswahl derjenigen Kreditgesuche, die sie als investitionswürdig empfehlen. Gleiches ist zu beobachten, wenn die Leiter der Gruppen selbst zu einem großen Teil an den entsprechenden Darlehen beteiligt sind. / This dissertation investigates various aspects of two-sided markets - markets with at least two distinct user groups each of which exerts inter-group network effects on the other side - in the online world. In the first paper, I examine the interactions between the traditional (offline) demand channels and the new (online) demand channels in the German magazines industry, focusing in particular on the link between offline and online advertising. I find that offline and online advertising are substitutes although not perfect ones. This explains the shift from offline to online advertising observed in recent years. In the second paper, I develop a semi-structural approach to identify network effects on two-sided monopoly platforms without data on prices and quantities. A sufficient test for the existence of network effects is derived when only data on total revenue is available. If separate revenue data is available on the two sides, then the test is both necessary and sufficient. The third paper investigates the certification mechanisms and incentives that enable lending markets to match demand and supply despite the absence of financial intermediaries with skin in the game. The institutional setting for this analysis is the online social lending market, in which potential lenders and borrowers interact directly without a financial intermediary but can create self-organized groups instead. A difference-in-difference approach is used to examine how the same groups behave before and after the exogenously imposed elimination of rewards for the leaders of these groups. Allowing group leader rewards is found to be detrimental for the market outcome. Group leaders become more careful in screening after the elimination of these rewards, and if their loan participation is high, i.e. when they have skin in the game and are thus severely hurt by a borrower default.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Renato de Paula Lamberti.pdf: 1340923 bytes, checksum: 9600626bdbb142fe874e7ba242bc30b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Evaluating the risk of default by a company became an indispensable object when making the decision to grant to the financial credit institutions. Taking in account the current record of credit growth, the strategic role of risk management for financial institutions, the constant innovations in the process of detection risk and the large volume of academic researches related to management models for credit risk, because of this, it was considered the appropriate occasion for the development of this dissertation. The present work aims to confront the traditional analysis of risk based on accounting ratios and the results of KMV model to determine the probability of default of publicly traded companies. The dissertation will address the theoretical review of the traditional analysis of credit risk and the model of KWN (based on the theory of Black and Scholes 1973 and Merton, 1974). The next step will apply the accounting ratios and the KMV model, calculating the probability of default of the building sample. Therefore, we will discuss the limitations of the KMV model and some recommendations in order to improve management of credit / Avaliar o risco de inadimplência de uma empresa tornou-se objeto indispensável para a tomada de decisão de concessão de crédito para as instituições financeiras. O atual histórico de crescimento do crédito, o papel estratégico do gerenciamento do risco para as instituições financeiras, as constantes inovações nos procedimentos de detecção de risco e o grande volume de pesquisas acadêmicas abordando modelos de gestão dos riscos de crédito, considerou-se oportuna a ocasião para o desenvolvimento desta dissertação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo confrontar a análise tradicional de risco baseada em índices contábeis e o resultado do modelo KMV para determinar a probabilidade de default das empresas de capital aberto. A dissertação abordará a revisão teórica da análise tradicional do risco de crédito e em seguida, a modelagem do KMV ( baseada na teoria de Black e Scholes, 1973 e Merton, 1974). O próximo passo aplicará os índices contábeis e a modelagem do KMV, calculando a probabilidade de default das empresas da amostra. Por conseguinte, serão discutidas as limitações do modelo KMV e algumas recomendações com o intuito de aprimorar o gerenciamento do crédito

Les modèles géologiques numériques 2D et 3D permettent de comprendre l'organisation spatiale des roches du sous-sol. Ils sont également conçus pour réaliser des simulations numériques afin d’étudier ou de prédire le comportement physique du sous-sol. Pour résoudre les équations qui gouvernent les phénomènes physiques, les structures internes des modèles géologiques peuvent être discrétisées spatialement à l’aide de maillages. Cependant, la qualité des maillages peut être considérablement altérée à cause de l’inadéquation entre, d’une part, la géométrie et la connectivité des objets géologiques à représenter et, d’autre part, les contraintes requises sur le nombre, la forme et la taille des éléments des maillages. Dans ce cas, il est souhaitable de modifier un modèle géologique afin de pouvoir générer des maillages de bonne qualité permettant la réalisation de simulations physiques fidèles en un temps raisonnable. Dans cette thèse, j’ai développé des stratégies de réparation et de simplification de modèles géologiques 2D dans le but de faciliter la génération de maillages et la simulation de processus physiques sur ces modèles. Je propose des outils permettant de détecter les éléments des modèles qui ne respectent pas le niveau de détail et les prérequis de validité spécifiés. Je présente une méthode pour réparer et simplifier des coupes géologiques de manière locale, limitant ainsi l’extension des modifications. Cette méthode fait appel à des opérations d’édition de la géométrie et de la connectivité des entités constitutives des modèles géologiques. Deux stratégies sont ainsi explorées : modifications géométriques (élargissements locaux de l'épaisseur des couches) et modifications topologiques (suppressions de petites composantes et fusions locales de couches fines). Ces opérations d’édition produisent un modèle sur lequel il est possible de générer un maillage et de réaliser des simulations numériques plus rapidement. Cependant, la simplification des modèles géologiques conduit inévitablement à la modification des résultats des simulations numériques. Afin de comparer les avantages et les inconvénients des simplifications de modèles sur la réalisation de simulations physiques, je présente trois exemples d'application de cette méthode : (1) la simulation de la propagation d'ondes sismiques sur une coupe au sein du bassin houiller lorrain, (2) l’évaluation des effets de site liés à l'amplification des ondes sismiques dans le bassin de la basse vallée du Var, et (3) la simulation d'écoulements fluides dans un milieu poreux fracturé. Je montre ainsi (1) qu'il est possible d’utiliser les paramètres physiques des simulations, la résolution sismique par exemple, pour contraindre la magnitude des simplifications et limiter leur impact sur les simulations numériques, (2) que ma méthode de simplification de modèles permet de réduire drastiquement le temps de calcul de simulations numériques (jusqu’à un facteur 55 sur une coupe 2D dans le cas de l’étude des effets de site) tout en conservant des réponses physiques équivalentes, et (3) que les résultats de simulations numériques peuvent être modifiés en fonction de la stratégie de simplification employée (en particulier, la modification de la connectivité d’un réseau de fractures peut modifier les écoulements fluides et ainsi surestimer ou sous-estimer la quantité des ressources produites). / Numerical geological models help to understand the spatial organization of the subsurface. They are also designed to perform numerical simulations to study or predict the rocks physical behavior. The internal structures of geological models are commonly discretized using meshes to solve the physical governing equations. The quality of the meshes can be, however, considerably degraded due to the mismatch between, on the one hand, the geometry and the connectivity of the geological objects to be discretized and, on the other hand, the constraints imposed on number, shape and size of the mesh elements. As a consequence, it may be desirable to modify a geological model in order to generate good quality meshes that allow realization of reliable physical simulations in a reasonable amount of time. In this thesis, I developed strategies for repairing and simplifying 2D geological models, with the goal of easing mesh generation and simulation of physical processes on these models. I propose tools to detect model elements that do not meet the specified validity and level of detail requirements. I present a method to repair and simplify geological cross-sections locally, thus limiting the extension of modifications. This method uses operations to edit both the geometry and the connectivity of the geological model features. Two strategies are thus explored: geometric modifications (local enlargements of the layer thickness) and topological modifications (deletions of small components and local fusions of thin layers). These editing operations produce a model on which it is possible to generate a mesh and to realize numerical simulations more efficiently. But the simplifications of geological models inevitably lead to the modification of the numerical simulation results. To compare the advantages and disadvantages of model simplifications on the physical simulations, I present three applications of the method: (1) the simulation of seismic wave propagation on a cross-section within the Lorraine coal basin, (2) the site effects evaluation related to the seismic wave amplifications in the basin of the lower Var river valley, and (3) the simulation of fluid flows in a fractured porous medium. I show that (1) it is possible to use the physical simulation parameters, like the seismic resolution, to constrain the magnitude of the simplifications and to limit their impact on the numerical simulations, (2) my method of model simplification is able to drastically reduce the computation time of numerical simulations (up to a factor of 55 in the site effects case study) while preserving an equivalent physical response, and (3) the results of numerical simulations can be changed depending on the simplification strategy employed (in particular, changing the connectivity of a fracture network can lead to a modification of fluid flow paths and overestimation or underestimation of the quantity of produced resources).

Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition (LCVD) has been shown to have great potential for the manufacture of small, complex, two or three dimensional metal and ceramic parts. One of the most promising applications of the technology is in the fabrication of an integrated dispenser cathode assembly. This application requires the deposition of a boron nitridemolybdenum composite structure. In order to realize this structure, work was done to improve the control and understanding of the LCVD process and to determine experimental conditions conducive to the growth of the required materials. A series of carbon fiber and line deposition studies were used to characterize processshape relationships and study the kinetics of carbon LCVD. These studies provided a foundation for the fabrication of the first high aspect ratio multilayered LCVD wall structures. The kinetics studies enabled the formulation of an advanced computational model in the FLUENT CFD package for studying energy transport, mass and momentum transport, and species transport within a forced flow LCVD environment. The model was applied to two different material systems and used to quantify deposition rates and identify ratelimiting regimes. A computational thermalstructural model was also developed using the ANSYS software package to study the thermal stress state within an LCVD deposit during growth. Georgia Techs LCVD system was modified and used to characterize both boron nitride and molybdenum deposition independently. The focus was on understanding the relations among process parameters and deposit shape. Boron nitride was deposited using a B3N3H6-N2 mixture and growth was characterized by sporadic nucleation followed by rapid bulk growth. Molybdenum was deposited from the MoCl5-H2 system and showed slow, but stable growth. Each material was used to grow both fibers and lines. The fabrication of a boron nitridemolybdenum composite was also demonstrated. In sum, this work served to both advance the general science of Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition and to elucidate the practicality of fabricating ceramicmetal composites using the process.

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As a direct result of having segregated amenities and public services during the Apartheid era where Black individuals were provided with services inferior to those of White individuals, the country is currently challenged by serious and debilitating issues such as a skills shortage across most industry sectors, high unemployment and poverty rates, and inequality in terms of income distribution as well as in terms of racial representation in the workforce. The country is furthermore facing social problems such as high crime rates and high incidence of HIV/AIDS. A discussion is put forward that these challenges are the consequence of a larger problem. The larger problem being the fact that knowledge, skills and abilities are not uniformly distributed across all races. The situation is that in the past, and still now, White South Africans have greater access to skills development and educational opportunities. It is this fundamental cause that must be addressed to in order to create a sustainable solution to the challenges described above. It is therefore argued that a means to overcome the challenges the country faces as a result of Apartheid is through skills development – specifically affirmative action skills development. Affirmative action skills development will entail giving previously disadvantaged Black individuals access to skills development and educational opportunities as to equip them with the currently deficit skills, knowledge, and abilities. It is proposed that affirmative action skills development is one of the most effective mechanisms through which the aforementioned problems facing the country might be alleviated. A need was therefore identified for Industrial Psychology researchers to assist organisations to identify the individuals who would gain maximum benefit from such affirmative action skills development opportunities. To achieve this, an understanding is required of the factors that determine whether or not a learner will be successful if entered into an affirmative action skills development opportunity. Some studies have already been conducted regarding this need. One such study was conducted by de Goede (2007). The primary objective of this study consequently was to expand on De Goede’s (2007) learning potential structural model. Non-cognitive factors were added to the De Goede (2007) learning potential structural model in order to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity underlying learning and the determinants of learning performance. A subset of the hypothesised learning potential structural model was then empirically evaluated. The measurement model was found to have a good fit. However, the first analysis of the structural model failed to produce a good fit to the data. The analysis of the standardised residuals for the structural model suggested the addition of paths to the existing structural would probably improve the fit of the model. Modification indices calculated as part of the structural equation modeling pointed out specific additions to the existing model that would improve the fit. The model was subsequently modified by both adding additional paths. Furthermore, when considering the modification of an initially proposed structural model, the question should not only be whether any additional paths should be added, but should also include the question whether any of the existing paths should be removed. To this end the unstandardised beta and gamma matrices were examined and it pointed to insignificant paths that could be removed. The model was subsequently also modified by removing insignificant paths. The final revised structural model was found to fit the data well. All paths contained in the final model were empirically corroborated. The practical implications of the learning potential structural model on HR and organisations are discussed. Suggestions for future research are made by indicating how the model can be further elaborated. The limitations of the study are also discussed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Resultaat van Apartheid is dat Suid Afrika dringende uitdagings in die gesig staar soos byvoorbeeld lae vaardigheidsvlakke, hoë vlakke van werkloosheid en armoede, en ongelykheid in terme van inkomste en verteenwordiging in die werksmag. Suid Afrika het onder meer ook die uitdagings van hoë vlakke van misdaad en HIV/VIGS. Hierdie tesis stel voor dat die bogenoemde uitdagings simptome is van ‘n groter probleem, naamlik gebrekkige opleiding en ontwikkeling van vaardighede van Swart Suid Afrikaners. Dit is hierdie gebrek aan vaardighede wat aangespreek moet word om ‘n volhoubare oplossing tot die bogenoemde uitdagings te vind. Die argument word gestel dat ‘n oplossing gevind sal word in regstellende ontwikkeling. Regstellende ontwikkeling behels om voorheen benadeelde Swart Suid Afrikaners toegang te gee tot opleidings en ontwikkelingsgeleenthede. Dit word gestel dat regstellende ontwikkeling die meganisme is waardeur die land se uitdagings aangespreek moet word. ‘n Behoefte is dus geïdentifiseer vir Bedryfsielkundiges om navorsing te doen aangaande die eienskappe van studente wat sal bepaal of hulle suksesvol, al dan nie, sal wees tydens versnelde regstellende ontwikkeling. ‘n Soortgelyke studie is reeds onderneem deur de Goede (2007). Die primêre doelwit van hierdie studie was gevolglik om De Goede (2007) se leerpotensiaal-strukturele model uit te brei. Nie-kognitiewe faktore is tot De Goede (2007) se model toegegevoeg om ’n meer indringende begrip van die kompleksiteit onderliggend aan leer en die determinante van leerprestasie te verkry. ‘n Subversameling van die voorgestelde leerpotensiaal-strukturele model is vervolgens empiries geëvalueer. Dit is gevind dat die metingsmodel die data goed pas. Met die eerste analise van die strukturele model is goeie passing nie verkry nie. ‘n Ondersoek na die gestandardiseerde residue het getoon dat die toevoeging van addisionele bane tot die bestaande strukturele model waarskynlik die passing van die model sou verbeter. Modifikasie-indekse bereken as deel van die strukturele vergelykingsmodellering het spesifieke bane uitgewys wat die passing van die model sou verbeter indien dit bygevoeg word tot die bestaande model. Die strukturele model is dus aangepas deur addisionele bane by te voeg tot die bestaande model. Die strukturele model is ook aangepas deur bane te verwyder wat nie statisties beduidend was nie. Die bevinding was dat die hersiene model die data goed pas. Alle bane in die finale model is empiries bevestig.

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa‟s social political past that was led by the Apartheid system has deprived the majority of South Africans of the opportunity to develop and accumulate human capital. As a result, this political system has left this country with a range of challenges including; a shortage of critical skills in the marketplace, high unemployment and poverty rates, inequality in terms of income distribution, unequal racial representation in the workplace, together with other social challenges such as high crime rates, extensive poverty, horrendous living conditions and a consequent increasing dependence on social grants (Van Heerden, 2013). These challenges prohibit this country from realising its global competitive potential. Organisations are primarily affected by these struggles faced by the country, and their continuous fight with these legacies of Apartheid is especially evident when they try to comply with the two responsibilities that form part of the personnel selection function. These include their responsibility to (1) employ the „best‟ employee for the job to result in the production of products and services of high economic utility, and (2) to act under moral, economic, political and legal pressure to diversify their workforce (Theron, 2009). Due to South Africa‟s past political system, the majority previously disadvantaged individuals have underdeveloped job competency potential which currently prohibits them from succeeding in the world of work. Consequently, if organisations try to comply with their first responsibility, the process of selecting the „best‟ employee results in adverse impact. If organisations comply with their second responsibility through traditional affirmative action measures, they allow incompetent employees to be appointed. The incompetence is not due to one race having fundamentally less competency potential then another. It is because South Africa‟s intellectual capital is not, and has not been uniformly developed and distributed across races (Burger, 2012). This current situation faced by organisations should be dealt with for three important reasons. Firstly, a solution could improve the global competitiveness of this country. Secondly, a solution could contribute to solving the social challenges faced by this country, and lastly, not only because the situation could possible become precarious, but simple because it is the right thing to do. It is not implied that affirmative action should be abolished. This study rather suggests that the interpretation of affirmative action should change and the focus of this corrective policy should shift to a more developmental approach. This entails that more emphasis should be placed on providing the previously disadvantaged with the necessary training and development to foster the needed competency potential to succeed in the world of work. However, resources for these developmental opportunities are scarce, and as a result, a need exist to identify a method that could identify individuals who will gain maximum benefit from these suggested affirmative development opportunities. Consequently, a need exist to identify individuals who display the highest potential to learn and to create the conditions conducive for learners with high learning potential to actualise that potential. In order to successfully identify the individuals who display a high level of learning potential and to create the person- and environmental characteristics that have to be present to facilitate successful learning, the learning potential construct must be understood. De Goede (2007), Burger (2012), and Van Heerden (2013) have completed research studies on this specific construct, and to assist in the understanding of the complexity of this construct, it made more empirical sense to build on existing structural models. This should result in the production of a more complete understanding of learning and the determinants of learning performance. The objective of this study was therefore to modify and elaborate the Burger (2012) learning potential structural model by expanding the model with the inclusion of additional non-cognitive variables. The proposed hypothesised learning potential structural model was empirically evaluated. The measurement model achieved good close fit. However, the first analysis of the structural model only obtained reasonable model fit. After the consideration of the full range of fit indices, standardised residuals, modification indices and parameter estimates, a few modifications were made to the model. The final revised structural model achieved good fit. All of the paths in the final model were empirically corroborated. The limitations of the research methodology, the practical implications of this study, and recommendations for future research are also discussed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika se verlede wat gelei was deur die Apartheidsisteem, het die meeste Suid-Afrikaners die geleentheid om toegang tot ontwikkelingsgeleenthede ontneem. Dit het gelei tot die onderontwikkeling van meeste Suid-Afrikaners se bevoegdheidspotensiaal wat hulle moet help om die eise wat tans in die wêreld van werk aan hul gestel word suksesvol te hanteer. Dié politieke sisteem het veroorsaak dat Suid-Afrika „n reeks probleme ervaar, insluitende; „n tekort aan kritieke vaardighede in die mark, baie hoë werkloosheid en armoede, ongelykheid in terme van inkomste-verdeling en ongelyke rasverteenwoordiging in die werksplek, asook oormatige misdaad, afskuwelike leefsomstandighede vir meeste Suid-Afrikaners, en „n toenemende afhanklikheid van maatskaplike toelaes (Van Heerden, 2013). Hierdie uitdagings verhoed dat Suid-Afrika sy globale mededingendheidspotentiaal realiseer. Organisasies word direk deur hierdie uitdagings beïnvloed, en hulle deurlopende worsteling met hierdie nalatenskap van Apartheid is veral duidelik wanneer hulle probeer voldoen aan twee vereistes wat personeelkeuring stel. Hierdie sluit in (1) om die mees bevoegde werknemers aan te stel wat produkte/dienste van hoë kwaliteit en hoë ekonomiese nut verseker, en (2) om die werksplek onder morele, ekonomiese, politieke en wetlike druk te diversifiseer (Theron, 2009). As gevolg van Suid-Afrika se Apartheidsisteem, het die meeste indiwidue onderontwikkelde werksbevoegdheidspotensiaal wat hulle verhoed om suksesvol te wees in hulle aanstellings. Die gevolg daarvan is dat, sodra organisasies poog om aan die eerste verantwoordelikheid van personeelkeuring te voldoen dan lei die keuring tot nadelige impak. As organisasies aan die ander kant poog om aan die tweede verantwoordelikheid te voldoen deur die implimentering van tradisionele regstellende aksie, dan laat hulle onbevoegde indiwidue toe om in „n pos in te tree. Hierdie onbevoegdheid is nie die gevolg van „n fundamentele verskil in bevoegdheidspotensiaal tussen rassegroepe nie. Dit is die gevolg van die feit dat Suid-Afrika se intellektuele potentiaal nie eweredig tussen rasse ontwikkel is nie (Burger, 2012). Die huidige situasie waarin organisasies hul bevind moet op gelos word om drie belangrike redes. „n Oplossing kan eerstens die globale mededigendheid van die land verbeter. „n Oplossing kan tweedens die druk van die geïdentifiseerde sosiale uitdagings verlig, en laastens, „n oplossing is nodig nie net omdat ons huidige situasie moontlik haglik kan word nie, maar eenvoudig omdat dit die regte ding is om te doen. Daar word glad nie geïmpliseer dat regstellende aksie tot niet gemaak moet word nie. Hierdie studie stel slegs voor dat die interpretasie van regstellende aksie asook die fokus daarvan „n meer ontwikkelings-benadering moet aaneem. Dit behels dat „n groter klem daarop geplaas moet word om lede van voorheen benadeelde groepe die geleenthede te gee om die nodige bevoegdheidspotensiaal te ontwikkel om suksesvol in the werksplek te wees. Hulpbronne vir hierdie ontwikkelingsgeleenthede is egter beperk. Die behoefte bestaan dus om daardie indiwidue te identifieer wat die grootste voordeel hieruit sal trek. Daarom is dit nodig om eerstens indiwidue wat die hoogste vlak van leerpotensiaal het te identifiseer, en tweedens om die omstandighede/kondisies te skep wat hierdie leerpotensiaal sal laat aktualiseer. Om uiteindelik sulke indiwidue te identifiseer asook om die persoon- en omgewingstoestande te skep wat as voorvereistes vir suksesvolle leer geld, moet die leerpotensiaalkonstruk verstaan word. Leerpotensiaalnavorsings-studies deur De Goede (2007), Burger (2012), en Van Heerden (2013) is reeds voltooi, maar om die kompleksiteit van hierdie konstruk ten volle te verstaan moet opeenvolgende studies onderneem word. Hierdie studie het gevolglik gefokus op die uitbreiding van hierdie bestaande modelle om sodoende „n meer volledige begrip van leerprestasie te ontwikkel. Die doel van hierdie studie was daarom om die bestaande Burger (2012) leerpotensiaal strukturele model te wysig en uit te brei deur die toevoeging van addisionele nie-kognitiewe veranderlikes. Die strukturele model was empiries ge-ëvalueer en die metingsmodel het „n goeie passing getoon. Die strukturele model het aanvanklik slegs „n redelike passing bereik, maar na die oorweging van die volle spektrum pasgehaltemaatstawwe, gestandaardiseerde residue, modifikasie-indekse and parameterskattings is „n aantal wysigings aan die model aangebring. Die finaal-gewysigde strukturele model het goed gepas. Al die bane in die finale model is empiries bevestig. Die beperkinge van die navorsingsmetodiek, die praktiese implikasies van die studie en aanbevelinge vir toekomstige navorsing was ook bespreek.

The aim of this work is to investigate, which behaviour at school is perceived by early adolescents (age average 14-16 years) as cheating, whether it is possible to classify this behaviour into specific types (factors) and whether these can be linked with individual student variables (sex, GPA, number of missed classes, student goal orientation, worry, self-efficacy, and achievement value), as well as with the contextual variables (parents goal orientation, teachers goal orientation, satisfaction with the school, neutralization, peer cheating behaviour, and cheating punishment). The obtained data were statistically evaluated (N = 401). Using exploratory factor analysis based on students self-reporting the frequency of the behaviour classified as cheating, two types of dishonest behaviour were extracted: cheating (copying, hinting) and falsification (forgery of signatures, absences). Two student factors, school approach (motivation) and to school avoidance (amotivation) orientation, and two context factors, teachers and parents goal orientation, were extracted as predictors of cheating. Results showed that neither parents nor cheating punishment had significant influence on cheating and falsification. The structural model confirmed that a positive relationship with teachers goal orientation and GPA had the highest influence on falsification. Student avoidance to school, student approach to school, and teachers goal orientation had the highest influence on cheating. Cheating and falsification were well correlated. The values of regression coefficients remained similar after removing the parent factor from the model. The structural equation model explaining the relationship of latent endogenous cheating and falsification variables with the three latent exogenous variables (avoidance to school, approach to school and teachers goal orientation) and the three manifest variables (sex, GPA and peer cheating behaviour), fitted the data well. The model explained 42% of cheating variance and 39% of falsification variance

The term mobility is at the same time, cause and effect of urban development and is directly related to the economic, social and environmental aspects of a region. Your qualified plan implies harmonic, efficient and democratically run cities. Whereas parking lots are defined as infrastructure for urban mobility, the research objective was to identify the perceptions of users of municipal services paid parking lots in order to provide subsidies for the construction of the Mobility Plan Territorial Bagé. Therefore, the present study uses the model ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) to measure relationships involving users of the municipal system of rotating Paid parking. ECSI was estimated by PLS-PM method that is characterized by its robustness in the face of structural models with missing data with normality. Data were collected through questionnaires and applied, non-randomly by 401 users Municipal Parking System Revolving in the city of Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul. The results indicate that the system user considers the level of service provided satisfactory (mean 7.65), and this construct most affected by the expectation of users and image of service. The construct with the lowest average was the perceived value (average 6.73). The constructs differ systematically only for income and age profiles, in other words, as age or income increase, the trend is that there is a better evaluation of the different constructs. / O termo mobilidade é, ao mesmo tempo, causa e efeito do desenvolvimento urbano e está diretamente relacionado com os aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais de uma região. O seu planejamento qualificado implica cidades harmônicas, eficientes e democraticamente geridas. Considerando que estacionamentos são definidos como infraestrutura de mobilidade urbana, o objetivo da pesquisa foi o de identificar a percepção dos usuários do serviço municipal de estacionamento rotativo a fim de fornecer subsídios para a construção do Plano de Mobilidade Territorial de Bagé. Para tanto, o presente estudo utiliza o modelo ECSI (Índice Europeu de Satisfação do Cliente) na mensuração das relações que envolvem os usuários do sistema municipal de estacionamento rotativo Pago. O ECSI foi estimado pelo método PLS-PM que se caracteriza por sua robustez diante de modelos estruturais compostos por dados com falta de normalidade. Os dados foram coletados mediante questionários aplicados e respondidos, de forma não aleatória, por 401 usuários do sistema municipal de estacionamento rotativo na cidade de Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o usuário do sistema considera o nível de serviço prestado satisfatório (média 7,65), sendo este constructo mais afetado pela expectativa dos usuários e imagem do serviço prestado. O constructo com menor média foi o valor percebido (média 6,73). Os constructos diferem de forma sistemática apenas para os perfis renda e idade, ou seja, à medida que a idade ou a renda aumentam, a tendência é de que exista uma melhor avaliação dos diferentes constructos.

Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-01T17:12:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3204495 bytes, checksum: d85e5e2785b6795c485368461733c004 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-01T20:13:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3204495 bytes, checksum: d85e5e2785b6795c485368461733c004 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-01T20:20:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3204495 bytes, checksum: d85e5e2785b6795c485368461733c004 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-01T20:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3204495 bytes, checksum: d85e5e2785b6795c485368461733c004 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / This work comprises a longitudinal study that sought to analyze volunteers through the prism of the motivational factors of expectation, entrance, stay and exit from the Fundação Cidade Viva in the City of João Pessoa / PB. As the final product, we expected to provide information relevant to this institution on its praxis. Thus, it was used as the basis of theory of Structural Model of Motivation at Work Volunteer by Cavalcante (2012). It was then carried out an exploratory case study that designed quantitative questionnaires which were tabulated and evaluated by descriptive statistics and other tests such as the T test for independent samples and ANOVA (one way). As a result, it was detailed as the profile of the volunteers of the institution the prevalence of adult and married women in their 35 years, with monthly income above R$ 5,000.00. The pointed minimum education level was unfinished higher education. Usually a family member and / or friend have already performed volunteer work or currently does. Commonly they have participated in this type of work at another institution, but not at present time. It confirmed the hypothesis that voluntary motivations change with the passage of time, and analyzes suggests the possibility of conflict between the expectations of volunteers and the performance of this activity, because the indexes obtained as motivation compared in the four moments indicate that they fall moderately in the first year of operation to grow again since then. Furthermore, religion has emerged as the main tool to attract and maintain the workforce of the institution at issue which does not exclude the importance of other elements such as civic bias, learning objectives or identification with the organization, but suggests that the organization studied should pay attention to the religious element as its mainstay in their internal human resources policies. / O presente trabalho compõe um estudo longitudinal que buscou analisar voluntários sob o prisma dos fatores motivacionais de expectativa, entrada, permanência e saída na Fundação Cidade Viva da cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Como produto final, esperou-se o fornecimento de informações relevantes para a citada instituição sobre sua práxis. Para tanto, foi utilizada como teoria de base do Modelo Estrutural de Motivação no Trabalho Voluntário de Cavalcante (2012). Foi realizado então um estudo de caso exploratório em que se empregaram questionários quantitativos que foram tabulados e avaliados por estatística descritiva e outros testes, como o Teste T para amostras independentes e ANOVA (one way). Como resultados, foi descoberto como perfil dos voluntários da instituição a predominância de mulheres adultas e casadas na faixa dos 35 anos, com renda mensal acima dos R$ 5.000,00. A escolaridade mínima apontada foi ensino superior incompleto. Normalmente algum familiar e/ou amigo já realizou trabalho voluntário ou atualmente o faz. Comumente elas já participaram desta natureza de trabalho em outra instituição, mas não o exerce mais hodiernamente. Confirmouse a hipótese de que as motivações voluntárias se alteram com o passar do tempo, e as análises sugerem a possibilidade de haver conflito entre as expectativas dos voluntários e o exercício desta atividade, pois os índices obtidos quanto a motivação em comparação nos quatro momentos indicam que elas caem moderadamente no primeiro ano de atuação para crescerem novamente a partir de então. Além disso, a religião destacou-se como principal instrumento para atração e manutenção do corpo funcional da instituição pesquisada, o que não exclui a importância de outros elementos, como o viés cívico, objetivos de aprendizagem ou identificação com a entidade. Todavia, sugere que a organização estudada deve atentar ao elemento religioso como seu principal sustentáculo em suas políticas internas de recursos humanos.