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Dans la zone cotonnière au Mali-sud, les différentes études menées expliquent la croissance des effectifs du cheptel bovin par une sous-exploitation des troupeaux par les éleveurs. L'objectif de la thèse est donc de faire un diagnostic sur l'exploitation du cheptel bovin dans la zone cotonnière au Mali-Sud et identifier les contraintes à l'exploitation du troupeau. La méthodologie de recherche a combiné l'approche zootechnique et sociologique pour analyser les pratiques et les décisions d'exploitation des troupeaux des éleveurs. L'utilisation d'un modèle démographique a permis de mesurer la sensibilité du taux de productivité aux différents paramètres démographiques. Le taux d'exploitation nette du troupeau estimé a été de 0,08 / an. Ce taux comparé au taux de 0,11 / an de la productivité numérique du cheptel montre qu'il n'y a pas de sous-exploitation du troupeau bovin. Les processus d'exploitation des animaux impliquent plusieurs décideurs. Cependant, les différentes structures organisationnelles et décisionnelles ne constituent pas une entrave à l'exploitation des animaux. Le besoin monétaire est la principale raison de la vente d'animaux pour faire face aux dépenses de la famille. Les taux d'exploitation et d'importation d'animaux sont en lien avec la taille du troupeau et les comportements des familles. Le taux d'exploitation est lié à la productivité du troupeau. L'amélioration de la productivité passe par une amélioration de la reproduction et une augmentation de la proportion de femelles reproductrices dans le troupeau. / In the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali, the different studies conducted explain the growth of the cattle herds' size by the under off-take of the herds by the breeder. The objective of the thesis is therefore to make a diagnosis on the off-take of the cattle herds in the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali and to identify the constraints of the herd off-take. The research methodology combined zoo technical and sociological approach to analyze the practices and the off-take decisions of the breeder's herds. The use of a demographic model permitted to measure the sensitivity of the productivity rate to the different demographic parameters. The valued off-take rate of the herd was of 0.08 year-1. This rate compared to the rate of 0.11 year-1 of the numeric productivity of livestock shows that there is not under off-take of the cattle herds. The processes of animal's off-take imply several decision-makers. However, the different organizational structures and decision don't constitute a hindrance to the animal's off-take. The monetary need is the main reason of animal's sale to face the family's expenses. The rates of off-take and in-take of animals are tie with the herd size and the behaviors of the families. The off-take rate is related to the productivity of the herd. The productivity improvement passes by the reproduction improvement and the proportion of reproductive females in the herd.

Les actionnaires sont au centre du gouvernement des entreprises. Bien qu'une certaine passivité leur soit parfois reprochée, simultanément, des craintes existent qu'une démocratie des actionnaires ne limite excessivement la gestion quotidienne des entreprises. Loin d'être incompatibles, ces deux remarques reflètent la diversité des actionnaires. En pratique, leurs attentes et leur comportement dépendent fortement de deux éléments : la part du capital ou des voix qu'ils détiennent de même que leur identité. Notre recherche porte sur la protection des actionnaires minoritaires dans le cadre d'opérations de prises de contrôle de sociétés publiques. Le sujet soulève une problématique d'une grande actualité dans le contexte canadien, contexte caractérisé par une concentration de l'actionnariat des sociétés publiques. Le sujet fait la conjonction de deux problèmes d'actualité. D'une part, la multiplication des prises de contrôle s'est accrue lors des dernières décennies et ce phénomène semble, plus que jamais, promis à un brillant avenir. D'autre part, le problème de la protection des actionnaires minoritaires se pose de façon toujours plus aiguë, dans le cadre des sociétés par actions de plus en plus importantes où leur rôle tend à s'amenuiser. / Shareholders are at the heart of corporate governance. While some reproach them a certain passivity, others, at the same time, fear that a shareholders' democracy could unduly limit the daily management of corporations. Far from being incompatible, these two statements reveal the wide diversity that surrounds shareholders. In practice, their expectations and their behavior strongly depend on two items: their share in capital or their share of votes, as well as their identity. Our thesis deals with the issue of minority shareholders' protection in the context of takeover operations involving public companies. This topic raises issues of great relevance and is particularly current in the Canadian context that is characterised by a shareholding concentration of public companies. Our topic brings together two current problems. On the one hand, the rise in takeover operations has, in the last decades, been significant and this phenomenon seems, more than ever, to be destined to a very bright future. On the other hand, the issue of minority shareholders' protection also arises, ever so sharply, in the context of growing shareholding companies where shareholders' role seems to be fading.

The diploma thesis focuses on the identification of factors influencing the rent of office spaces in Prague. The summary of specific characteristics that distinguish office spaces market from other real estate market area and the analysis of the Prague office spaces market development between 1997 and 2010 are the integral parts of this diploma thesis. On the basis of discovered facts are the factors affecting the rent defined and their development between 1997 and March 2010 is approached. Defined hypothesis are verified by the empiric analyse of the gathered information.

Modelagem da Informação da Construção ou BIM (Building Information Modeling) é um processo inovador aplicado na gestão de todo o ciclo de vida de um empreendimento. Por meio do BIM, desenvolve-se o modelo virtual do empreendimento a ser construído. Os componentes deste modelo contêm geometria e parâmetros com dados técnicos relevantes para sua caracterização e utilização. No segmento de obras de sistemas prediais, os contratantes ditam os valores dos contratos, cabendo às empresas construtoras e instaladoras fazerem uma estimativa de orçamento acurada para dominar os custos e mensurar seus riscos no contrato almejado. Dada esta perspectiva, existe a necessidade de determinar com precisão os quantitativos do projeto, ponto de partida de qualquer orçamento analítico ou detalhado. Este trabalho, dividido em dois estudos de caso, destina-se a compreender como a Modelagem da Informação da Construção pode alterar o processo de orçamentação nas empresas instaladoras, auxiliando na extração de quantitativos e compatibilização dos projetos. Baseando-se em um fluxo de trabalho BIM descrito por Eastman et al. (2011) e utilizando-se em conjunto o processo de modelagem proposto por Nguyen (2010), propõe-se que o desenvolvedor do modelo BIM de sistemas prediais seja a empresa instaladora, por esta ser o agente ativo na orçamentação e execução dos sistemas prediais. Nos estudos de caso, foi comparado a acurácia dos quantitativos de componentes do empreendimento dentre as propostas orçamentarias das empresas instaladoras, o modelo BIM criado, e o quantitativo real utilizado na execução de uma obra de um centro comercial. Os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que a utilização do BIM é uma alternativa viável para as empresas instaladoras em seus processos de orçamentação, considerando-se o nível de detalhamento e as informações inseridas e a serem extraídas do modelo, conforme o processo apresentado e o guia de modelagem criado no decorrer deste trabalho. / Building Information Modeling is an innovative process applied to the management of the entire lifecycle of a project. Through BIM, the virtual model of the project to be constructed is developed. The components of this model contain geometry and parameters with relevant technical data for their characterization and use. In the building systems works market segment, contractors dictate the values of contracts and is up to the construction and installation companies to make an accurate estimate of the budget to master the costs and measure their risks on the desired contract. Given this perspective, there is a need to accurately determine the quantities of the project, which are the starting point of any analytical or detailed budget. This work, divided into two case studies, was designed to understand how Building Information Modeling can change the budgeting process in the building systems companies, assisting in the quantity take off and design coordination processes. Relying on a BIM workflow described by Eastman et al. (2011) and jointly using the modeling process proposed by Nguyen (2010), it is proposed the building systems company to be the developer of the MEP model, as this is the active agent in the costing and execution of building systems. In these case studies, we compare the accuracy of the quantitative components of the project, among: the building systems companies, the BIM model and the actual quantities used in the execution of a small shopping center. These results suggest that the use of BIM is a viable alternative to the MEP companies in their budgeting processes, considering the level of detail and the model information input and output, according to the process and modeling guide proposed here.

I denna studie undersöktes hur man beskriver placering i den kausativa formen i ryska och hur språkinlärare med ryska som förstaspråk (L1) bedömer placeringsverb i svenska som andraspråk (L2). Analysen inkluderade både kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder. Videoklipp med händelser tagna från ”Put & Take project” (Bowerman et al., 2004) användes för att samla in data om placeringshändelser på ryska. Resultatet visade att deltagarna använde placeringsverben (med olika prefix) lozhit’ lägga och stavit’ ställa men däremot inte sadit’ sätta, som också förekommer i det ryska språket, men som har en mer specifik funktion jämfört med exempelvis nederländska (Rakhilina och Lemmens, 2003:320). Ett webbaserat formulär där svenska placeringsverb presenteras tillsammans med bilder av olika föremål (Andersson & Gullberg, 2016) möjliggjorde insamling och analys av andraspråksinlärares bedömningar av svenska placeringsverb och även en jämförelse med data från svenska deltagare. Resultaten visade på stora likheter mellan den ryska gruppens bedömningar och tidigare undersökta svenska gruppers bedömningar. Detta tyder på att deltagare med ryska som L1 kan differentiera svenska placeringsverb, åtminstone när det gäller receptivt ordförråd och ej tidsbegränsade uppgifter. Skillnader kan eventuellt finnas på andra nivåer, t.ex. i produktivt ordförråd, något som behöver studeras vidare.

Ce travail étudie certains des problèmes les plus pertinents dans le sens de la navigation et contrôle présentés dans une classe particulière de mini-véhicules aériens. L'un des principaux objectifs c'est à réaliser un véhicule léger et facile à déployer dans un court laps de temps, un véhicule sans pilote drone capable de suivre une mission complète, du décollage aux points de cheminement suivants et de terminer la mission avec un atterrissage autonome à l'intérieur d'une zone délimitée en utilisant une interface graphique dans un ordinateur ou une tablette. La génération de trajectoire II est la partie qui dit le drone où il doit voyager et sont générés par un algorithme intégré sur le drone. Le résultat classique de Dubins est utilisé comme base pour la génération de trajectoire en 2D et nous avons étendu à la génération de trajectoire 3D. Une stratégie de suivi de trajectoire développée en utilisant l'approche de Lyapunov, est présentée pour piloter un drone à voilure fixe à travers tout le chemin désiré. Le concept clé derrière le contrôleur de suivi de trajectoire s'appuie sur la réduction de la distance entre le centre de masse de l'avion p et le point sur la trajectoire q à zéro, ainsi que l'angle entre le vecteur vitesse et la tangente à la trajectoire. Afin de tester les techniques mises au point au cours de la thèse une application C# -Net personnalisée a été développé nommé MAV3DSim (Multi-Aerial Vehicle 3D Simulator). Le MAV3DSim permet une opération de lecture/écriture de/vers le moteur de simulation à partir de laquelle nous pourrions recevoir toutes les informations de capteurs émulés et envoyés par le simulateur. Le système complet est capable d'effectuer un décollage et d'atterrissage autonome, à travers des points de suivi. Ceci est accompli en utilisant chacune des stratégies développées au cours de la thèse. Nous avons une stratégie pour le décollage et l'atterrissage, ce qui est généré par la partie de navigation qui est le générateur de trajectoire. Une fois que nous avons généré le chemin, il est utilisé par la stratégie de suivi de trajectoire et avec ce que nous avons l'atterrissage et le décollage autonome. / This work studies some of the most relevant problems in the direction of navigation and control presented in a particular class of mini‐aircraft. One of the main objectives is to build a lightweight and easy to deploy vehicle in a short period of time, an unmanned aerial vehicle capable of following a complete mission from take‐o⁄ to the following waypoints and complete the mission with an autonomous landing within a delimitated area using a graphical interface in a computer. The Trajectory Generation It is the part that tells the drone where it must travel and are generated by an algorithm built into the drone. The classic result of Dubins is used as a basis for the trajectory generation in 2D and we have extended it to the 3D trajectory generation. A path following strategy developed using the Lyapunov approach is presented to pilot a fixed wing drone across the desired path. The key concept behind the tracking controller is the reduction of the distance between the center of mass of the aircraft p and the point q on the path to zero, as well as the angle between the velocity vector and the vector tangent to the path. In order to test the techniques developed during the thesis a customized C # .Net application was developed called MAV3DSim (Multi‐Aerial Vehicle 3D Simulator). The MAV3DSim allows a read / write operation from / to the simulation engine from which we could receive all emulated sensor information and sent to the simulator. The MAV3DSim consists of three main elements, the simulation engine, the computation of the control law and the visualization interface. The simulation engine is in charge of the numeric integration of the dynamic equations of the vehicle, we can choose between a quadrotor and a xed wing drone for use in simulation. The visualization interface resembles a ground station type of application, where all variables of the vehicle s state vector can be represented on the same screen. The experimental platform functions as a test bed for the control law prototyping. The platform consists of a xed wing aircraft with a PX4 which has the autopilot function as well as a Raspberry PI mini‐computer which to the implementation of the generation and trajectory tracking. The complete system is capable of performing an autonomous take‐o⁄and landing, through waypoints. This is accomplished by using each of the strategies developed during the thesis. We have a strategy for take‐o⁄ and landing, which is generated by the navigationon part that is the trajectory generator. Once we have generated the path, it is used by the trajectory tracking strategy and withthat we have landing and take‐o⁄ autonomously.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Capeli Silva Andrade.pdf: 270710 bytes, checksum: 7c0391f22ce3b6b71c65390ea4eab488 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The questioning that originated this work appeared in the practice of researcher while educator of the public net: how if unveiling the care in the daily life of the school? With this question permeating the search your goal was to, on the lived in the duty, investigate how if unveiling solicitude, the care, in the daily life in a first grade public school, and a day care center of the periphery of the city of Sao Paulo. The analytical heideggeriana was the source to understand how unveiling the solicitude in the daily of the institutions. For Heidegger, the man is entity for who is the Being opens, and it is he who must take responsibility for their own Being - take caring of the possibilities of what is and is around his. The psycho-educational duty itself as a place of listening and attention differentiated to educators within the working environment, has shown itself as an opening for the unveiling of care. The concern of educators is revealed in the movement to care for themselves, in their relations as mother / father, wife / o, daughter / and with peers, students and technical team. We can understand it as a reflective space favored by the dialogue with the plantonista, in the referencial of Freire. In the psycho-educational duty new forms of perception of everyday living can be produced, unveiling see other possibilities of power-be. The duty proved itself as a place of care, a care of the care by experienced educators in their place / O questionamento que originou esse trabalho revelou-se na prática da pesquisadora enquanto educadora da rede pública: como se desvela o cuidar no cotidiano da vida escolar? Com esse questionamento permeando a pesquisa o seu objetivo foi o de, partindo do vivido no plantão, investigar como se desvela a solicitude, o cuidado no cotidiano da vida escolar do educador, numa creche e numa escola da periferia da cidade de São Paulo. A analítica heideggeriana foi fonte para compreender o desvelar a solicitude no cotidiano das instituições. Para Heidegger o homem é o ente a quem o Ser se abre e, cabe a este ente a responsabilidade de assumir seu próprio Ser cuidar das possibilidades de tudo o que é e está ao seu redor. O plantão psicoeducativo abrindo-se como um espaço de escuta e atenção diferenciada aos educadores dentro do ambiente de trabalho, mostrou-se como uma abertura para o desvelar do cuidar. A solicitude dos educadores se revelou no movimento de cuidar de si, nas suas relações como mãe/pai, esposa/o, filha/o e com pares, equipe técnica e educandos. Podemos entendê-lo como um espaço reflexivo favorecido pelo diálogo com o plantonista, no referencial de Freire. No plantão psicoeducativo novas formas de percepção do cotidiano vivido podem ser engendradas, ver desvelar possibilidades outras de poder-ser. O plantão revelou-se como um lugar de cuidado, um cuidar do cuidado vivenciado pelos educadores em seu existir

This thesis aims to analyse and assess the effectiveness of functioning of the take-back system of the electrical and electronic equipment within the Czech Republic. This thesis deals in the first place with a general view on the waste management. It is subsequently followed by a detailed interpretation of the Act No. 185/2001 Coll., on Waste with focus on the issues discussed in this thesis. On the basis of the 2005 amendment of the Act on Waste the producers and importers of electrical and electronic equipment are obliged to guarantee the take-back, separate collection, processing, reuse and disposal of the end-of-life products launched to the Czech market. Most producers and importers have created collective systems with the purpose of joint fulfilment of their legal obligations. Next part of this thesis focuses on the examination of the six Czech collective systems. With greater attention the thesis deals with the activity of the collective system ELEKTROWIN a.s. The results of its activities are assessed using the method of comparison with the electrical and electronic equipment producers association for recycling ENVIDOM. ENVIDOM acts as a collective system in Slovakia. The thesis is concluded by assesing the successfulness of the Czech Republic to meet the goal of collection of the end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment set by the European Union. A comparison of results achieved with the results of other European countries was conducted.

Cette thèse a pour objectif d’éprouver la mise en actes du dispositif de prise en soins dans la relation d’aides ausujet fragile à domicile. Ce travail est envisagé par une étude multidimensionnelle des caractéristiquespsychologiques liées à l’acte d'aide à domicile et celles de leurs conséquences en termes de psychopathologies etde qualité de vie. Selon les données de notre étude, le profil du dispositif de prendre soin à domicile s’ancre dansun axe très médicalisé. Un axe qui va à l’encontre des besoins et attentes des sujets fragiles comme de leursaidants qui soulignent une nécessité fondamentale de lien social. Parallèlement, nous constatons que lesdispositifs de prendre soins à domicile, aujourd'hui mis en place, ne sont pas de « vraies réponses » et restentencore largement sous-utilisés. L’Aidant-Expert n’est pas soutenu dans la construction de ses proprescompétences à savoir-faire et savoir-être. Il est dans l’incapacité de venir dire quelque chose de sa réalité du vécude l’aide ou de souligner la complexité des situations de prise en soins investies. Les résultats de ces travauxsoulignent, par ailleurs, un risque élevé d’accidents à domicile renforçant un sentiment de vigilance extrême. Cesdonnées vont dans le sens de l’analyse plus fine des réels besoins et attentes des acteurs de l’aide. In fine, cettethèse permet de mettre en exergue des recommandations à envisager pour une prise en soins adaptée du sujetfragile et de son entourage à domicile. En effet, la prise en considération de l’expérience collective del’environnement d’exercice de l’aide permettra de venir contrebalancer les effets délétères de cette prise en soinspermettant alors une mise en actes au plus juste du dispositif à domicile. / Our work aims at enhancing the quality of home caregiving for vulnerable patients. This objective is assessedvia a multidimensional study evaluating psychological characteristics of home caregiving, and also theconsequences of these acts on mental health and quality of life.Our data show that the structure of home caregiving is mainly of medical significance. A significance thatresponds to expectations of patients and their caregivers, and also the social interactions between both caregivingactors. We hence conclude that the actual structure of home caregiving does not refers to “right answers” andstill widely underused. Furthermore, the expert caregivers are likely to lack structuring of their competencies, asrelated to their know-how and life skills. These professionals show great difficulties expressing 1) the nature oftheir professional experience and 2) the complexity of some of their tasks. Another finding of our work is relatedto a high risk of home accidents which induces an important level of alertness. This outcome fits with a detailedanalysis of caregivers’ needs. Finally, our work highlights some recommendations for a better home caregivingfor vulnerable populations and their families. It seems that taking into account the collective experience of thecaregiving environment would address the deleterious effects of home caregiving, which may enhance thequality and efficiency of such intervention.