This thesis deals with Trans-European energy networks (TEN-E), a program of the EU which has recently undergone significant changes. The main objective of this thesis is to capture the impact of activities of The EU in the framework of TEN-E and energy policy on the status and development of Europe's energy infrastructure and apply the findings to energy networks of the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one deals with network industries and their economic specifics. The second chapter deals with energy policy of the EU and development of the internal energy market. The third chapter focuses on TEN-E program and final chapter brings the issues of Czech energy networks.

Please note: Editorial Studies works are permanently embargoed in OpenBU. No public access is forecasted for this item. To request private access, please click on the locked Download file link, and fill out the appropriate web form. / This edition is an annotated selection of the correspondences of two screenwriters, Michael Blankfort and Albert Maltz, who were affected by institutional anti-communism. Both were subpoenaed to appear before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC): Maltz refused to answer questions, went to prison for contempt of Congress as a member of the Hollywood Ten, and was blacklisted from the film industry for nearly two decades; Blankfort cooperated with the committee and continued to work in Hollywood. They had been close friends for quite some time, but never spoke again following Blankfort’s HUAC appearance, despite a few attempts by Blankfort at renewing the friendship. The letters span five decades, beginning with the period of radicalization in the 1930s, through the era of blacklisting and all that followed in its wake, and ending with their deaths in the 1980s. Blankfort and Maltz’s encounters with HUAC affected them their entire lives after: Blankfort in his need to defend his actions even decades later, and Maltz in his need to denounce any person who cooperated with the committee. The letters demonstrate humanity through the difficulty of the situation, the struggle of navigating the politics of the times, and are the writers’ attempts to explain and justify their actions. / 2031-01-01

Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Chemoresistance remains a major hurdle to successful therapy and patient survival. The secreted isoform of the actin-associated protein, gelsolin (plasma gelsolin; pGSN), is highly expressed in chemoresistant than chemosensitive OVCA cells, although the mechanism underlying the differential expression is not known. Also, its overexpression significantly correlates with shortened survival of OVCA patients. DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of genes expression and contributing to cancer development and chemoresistance with the help of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) or Ten eleven translocation (TETs) enzymes. TET1 is the most studied isoform of TETs family and primarily responsible for 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) oxidation to initiate demethylation and increase in the expression of methylated genes. Whether pGSN expression in OVCA cells is regulated by DNA methylation and TET1 regulates the differential pGSN expression between chemosensitive and resistant OVCA cells is not known. In this study, we hypothesized pGSN overexpression in chemoresistant OVCA cells is due to the hypomethylation at its promoter region by TET1. Our objective was to investigate whether DNA methylation and specifically TET1 plays a role in the regulation of differential pGSN expression and chemosensitivity in OVCA. Chemosensitive and resistant OVCA cell lines of different histological subtypes were used in this study to measure pGSN and TET1 mRNA abundance and protein contents by qPCR and Western blotting respectively. Cisplatin-induced chemoresponsiveness was morphologically assessed by Hoechst staining (apoptosis). Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip assay was used for global methylation analysis of twelve (12) different OVCA cells and to investigate the role of DNA methylation specifically in pGSN regulation and pGSN-induced chemoresistance. DNMTs and TETs were pharmacologically inhibited in sensitive and resistant OVCA cell using specific inhibitors. Gain-and-loss-of-function assays were carried to identify the relationship between TET1 and pGSN in OVCA chemoresponsiveness. Differential protein and mRNA expressions of pGSN and TET1 were observed between sensitive and resistant OVCA cells and cisplatin reduced their expression in sensitive but not in resistant cells. Global methylation analysis revealed hypomethylation in resistant cells compared to sensitive cells. Pharmacological inhibition of DNMTs increased pGSN protein levels in sensitive OVCA cells and decreases their responsiveness to cisplatin, however we did not observe any difference in methylation level at pGSN promoter region. TETs inhibition resulted in hypermethylation at multiple CpG sites and decreased pGSN protein level in resistant OVCA cells which was also associated with enhanced response to cisplatin, findings that suggested the methylation role of TETs in the regulation of pGSN expression in OVCA cells. Further, we found that TET1 is inversely related to pGSN and positively related to chemoresponsiveness of OVCA cells. This project does not only broaden our knowledge about the mechanistic insights into the epigenetic regulation of pGSN in OVCA chemoresistance, but it also reveals a new potential target to re-sensitize chemotherapy resistant OVCA cells. This may provide a future strategy to improve overall OVCA patient survival.

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Nine provenances of Turkish red pine (<i>Pinus brutia Ten</i>.), an eastern Mediterranean conifer, taken from a wide range of locations in Turkey, were grown in individual pots in a greenhouse either with or without joint goose goatgrass (<i>Aegilops cylindrica</i> L.) under either high or low soil water availability for two growing seasons. The study consisted of two separate experiments started at times with varying microenvironmental conditions and Turkish red pine (TRP) provenances. Diameter and secondary needle, stem, and root biomass were measured at the end of the second growing season, while height was measured after both the first and second growing seasons. Pine stem water potential (SWP), measured at the end of the second growing season, was the only physiological variable in the study. / Master of Science

無論是東方或西方古代社會，宗教信仰與政治信仰二者的關係都是相輔相成的；尤以中國古代殷周時期，宗教與政治的信仰、權力、組織、制度更是合為一體。筆者的興趣與關注，正是周初宗教人文轉向的課題。周室承繼殷權的宗教文化傳統，從祭祀天神、地衹、鬼靈、祖宗等現象出發，透過一套象徵系統的詮釋方式，傳達出一種對宇宙、人事獨特的理解與信念。然而，夏、殷之例不遠，僅以祭祀、占卜等活動尚不足以「祈天永命」來確保國祚久安，故強調「敬德」的主體修養活動以彌補宗教活動的不足；周室遂以此信仰體系為背景，經由「敬」的自我省察工夫，把對超越界的崇敬與追尋，回返到主體對自我的覺知與省察，神秘的宗教性格遂轉化為「敬德」價值理性的生發，「敬德」與「服天命」或「受天命」之間自始產生了聯結，兩者形成了緊密的因果關係：前為因，後為果；這有效地說明天命屬意周室的正當性。此時，「天命有德→敬德保民→祈天永命」三者恰好結成牢固的繩索，「敬德」成了國祚久安的必要條件，開顯出全新的、倫理的、道德的人文面相。 　　周初宗教人文轉向的關鍵處就是，周公等人以人民根植在祭祀、占卜活動中對超越界的情感為基礎，把一貫的宗教情操巧妙地轉移至「德」價值本體上；在周公等人自覺意識的作用下，神人關係的宗教情操順利地轉化為道德情操，周初宗教精神自此一大躍進，展現了新的宗教精神，從而指點出它的道德與倫理向度；宗教理性與人文理性因而結合、消融，人文意義與價值自始受到重視與肯認。職是之故，筆者擬以周初「天命觀」與「敬德」價值理性二者互為辯證的關係為進路，從二者的形成、關連與作用面切入，分別描述周初宗教人文化的歷史進程，並就其統貫之理作一系統性的闡述。 / The relations between the religious and political beliefs are complementary either in the eastern or eastern society which beliefs, authorities, organization, systems were combined into a whole especially during the Ying-Chou period of the ancient China. The writer's interests and concerns are rightly focused on “the humanistic turn of the early Chou religion”. The Chou empire inherited the religious, cultural tradition from Ying authority, starting out from the phenomena of worshiping the heaven deity, earth deity, ghosts, ancestral spirits and expressed an unique understanding, belief for the cosmos and the living world through the interpretative way of a set of symbolic system. Whereas, that the examples of Shia, Ying authorities went just ahead made Chou empire realized that only relying on the worshiping, divining activities was insufficient to “appealing to the heaven for the eternal life of nation”; hence, they proclaimed further the subjective deed― “respecting virtue” ―for supplementing the deficiency of religious activities; given that, the Chou turned its outwardly respecting and searching for the transcendent back to the inwardly subjective awareness and introspection on self, grounded on the inherited belief system, by way of the introspective work “respecting” of self that resulted in the transformation from the mystic, religious characters into the arising of the value-ration of “respecting value”. Thus, there was connection between “respecting virtue” and “obeying the heaven's destiny”, “accepting the heaven's destiny”; the former the cause, the later the effect. The close causation occurred within them that effectively explained the legitimacy of the bestowed destiny from heaven on Chou. At this time, “the heaven bestowing destiny on those who have virtue→respecting virtue for the purpose of protecting people→appealing to the heaven for the eternal nation” these three nodes were rightly strung into a firm rope so that “respecting virtue” became the necessary condition of the eternal nation that discovered the wholly new, moral, ethical and humanistic aspects. 　　The key point of the humanistic turn of the early Chou religion was Chou-Kong and others, based on people's emotions rooted in the worshiping, divining activities for the transcendent, ingeniously turned people's inherited religious sentiments to the “virtue” itself. Under the function of Chou-Kong's self-consciousness, the religious sentiment of relations between gods and men smoothly transformed into the moral sentiment that made the religious spirit in the early Chou pushed a giant leap and opened a fully new religious spirit that directed to its moral and ethical dimensions. The religion-ration and humanity-ration were thus combined and melted; from this on, the humanistic meanings and values were acknowledged and regarded with esteem. On the grounded of that, the writer tries to make a systematic explication for its reason of unity by describing separately the historical process of the humanization of the early Chou religion from the aspects of formations, correlations and functions of both the view of “heaven's destiny” and the value-ration of “respecting virtue” among which the inter-dialectical relations used as an approach in this text.

Denna kvantitativa studie har syfte att undersöka sambandet mellan individers upplevda arbetsmotivation och dess personlighetsdrag. Ökad kunskap inom området har visat sig möjliggöra förbättringar inom personalarbete, däribland ledning och rekrytering. Studiens syfte mynnade ut i tre hypoteser, varav en berörde samband mellan extern arbetsmotivation och personlighetsdraget neuroticism och en intern arbetsmotivation och personlighetsdragen extraversion, samvetsgrannhet och öppenhet. Den tredje hypotesen undersökte åldersskillnader i motivationsfaktorer vid arbete – där ett antagande fanns att skattning korrelerande med intern arbetsmotivation skulle ses bland deltagare med högre ålder. En kvantitativ enkätundersökning användes som metod i vilken två sedan innan validerade mätinstrument utgjorde den huvudsakliga delen av undersökningen. Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) användes för att undersöka upplevd arbetsmotivation och Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) för att undersöka personlighetsdrag bland deltagarna. Resultatet analyserades med Spearman’s korrelationsanalys varpå ett antal korrelationer kunde ses. Studiens resultat kunde bekräfta två av hypoteserna – där ett samband dels kunde ses mellan intern arbetsmotivation och personlighetsdragen extraversion tillika öppenhet. Ett samband kunde även ses mellan ålderskategorierna och arbetsmotivationsfaktorerna, vilket visade på att deltagare med högre ålder i större utsträckning motiverades av interna arbetsmotivationsfaktorer i jämförelse med externa arbetsmotivationsfaktorer tillika amotivation. Sammanfattningsvis kunde studiens resultat visa på upplevd arbetsmotivation och dess korrelation med personlighetsdrag tillika ålder. / This quantitative study aims to investigate the correlation between individuals' perceived work motivation and its personality traits. Increased knowledge in this field has been shown to enable improvements in personnel work, including management and recruitment. The purpose of the study led to three hypotheses, one of which concerned the relationship between external work motivation and the personality trait neuroticism and one of which concerned internal work motivation and the personality traits extraversion, conscientiousness and openness. The third hypothesis examined age differences in motivational factors at work – where an assumption was made that internal work motivation would be seen among participants with older age. A quantitative questionnaire survey was used as the method in which two previously validated measuring instruments formed the main part of the survey. The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) was used to examine perceived work motivation and the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) to examine personality traits among participants. The result was analyzed with Spearman's correlation analysis, whereupon a number of correlations could be seen. The results of the study were able to confirm two of the hypotheses – where a correlation could be seen between internal work motivation and the personality traits extraversion as well as openness. A correlation could also be seen between the age categories and the work motivation factors, which showed that participants with older age were motivated to a greater extent by internal work motivation in comparison to external work motivation as well as amotivation. In summary, the results of the study could show perceived work motivation and its correlation with personality traits as well as age.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-06T10:45:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Vanessa Coelho da Silva Toledo.pdf: 4854286 bytes, checksum: 0bbdd5bc8b7aac66121fe8a0873e3abc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-06T10:45:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Vanessa Coelho da Silva Toledo.pdf: 4854286 bytes, checksum: 0bbdd5bc8b7aac66121fe8a0873e3abc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The extrusion technology enables energy-efficient, with minimal waste and continuously, the processing of cereals. This technology has been used to generate low nutritional and caloric value products, low in dietary fiber, high fat and sugars. The use of raw materials based on whole grain rice, maize and sorghum for the production of products ready for consumption, besides being an excellent source of fiber, it is a good alternative for patients celiac and / or gluten restriction. The objective of this work was to study the effect of the mixture of whole grains (rice, maize and sorghum), submitted to the thermoplastic extrusion process. These mixtures were processed on a single screw lab extruder in the following conditions, which were held constant: Moisture mixtures of 14%, screw rotational speed of 200 rpm, tempera-ture of the heating zones of the extruder (feeding zone until the output of the matrix): 1st Zone - 50 ? C, 2nd - and 3rd 100 - 130, the vertical feeder screw rotation of 15 rpm at (-5 kg / hr). As experimental design, various fractions of whole grain flours were used (corn, rice, sor-ghum). Treatment 1 (T1) consisted of 70% corn; 15% rice, and 15% sorghum; T2: (15%; 70%; 15%); T3: (15%; 15%; 70%); T4: (42.5%; 42.5%; 15%); T5: (42.5%; 15%; 42.5%); T6: (15%; 42.5%; 42.5%); T10: (33.3%; 33.3%; 33.3%); T7 and T10 central points. The whole grain flour for each of the cereals were analyzed for their proximate composition and particle size distribution. The response variables during the extrusion process were: feed rate of mix-tures and specific mechanical energy (EME); bulk density; Expansion indices (radial, longitu-dinal and volume); characterization by images; instrumental texture; paste viscosity; absorp-tion index (WAI) and water solubility (ISA). Variations between treatments were mainly at-tributed to their composition, in particular the dietary fiber content of each sample. It was ob-served that increasing fiber content in the mixture led to the reduction in radial expansion of extruded, as expected. Mixtures with more brown rice content (T2 and T4 treatments) were those who had higher radial expansion, which was attributed to lower this fiber content in rice flour, as expected. The best result was shown EME the treatment with higher corn meal con-tent and sorghum (T5). The instrumental texture analysis also highlighted the crispness (high-er Nsr) treatments more rice portion (T2 and T4). Treatment with higher fraction of corn (T1), achieved the highest paste viscosity. But the T2 treatment, also pointed to present low value for ISA. The treatment of central point (T8) has the greatest value. It could be obtained from mixtures of T2 and T4, more crispness product, expansion and better distribution of the inter-nal air cells; It is therefore recommended treatment for producing extruded. / A tecnologia de extrus?o permite com efici?ncia energ?tica, com m?nima de res?duos e, de forma cont?nua, o processamento de cereais. Este tecnologia tem sido usada para gerar produtos de baixo valor nutricional e cal?ricos, com baixo teor de fibra alimentar, altos teores de gorduras e a??cares. A utiliza??o de mat?rias primas ? base de gr?os integrais de arroz, milho e sorgo, para a elabora??o de produtos para pronto consumo, al?m de ser excelente fonte de fibras, se faz uma boa alternativa para doentes cel?acos e/ou com restri??o a gl?ten. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito da mistura dos cereais integrais (arroz, milho e sorgo), submetidos ao processo de extrus?o termopl?stica. Tais misturas foram processadas em um extrusor de laborat?rio de rosca simples nas seguintes condi??es, as quais foram mantidas constantes: umidade das misturas a 14%, velocidade de rota??o do parafuso a 200 rpm, temperatura das zonas de aquecimento do extrusor (da zona de alimenta??o at? a sa?da da matriz): 1? zona ? 50?C, 2? - 100 e 3? - 130, alimentador vertical helicoidal na rota??o de 15 rpm (~5 kg/h). Como delineamento experimental, foram utilizadas fra??es variadas das farinhas dos cereais integrais (milho, arroz, sorgo). O Tratamento 1 (T1) foi composto de 70% de milho; 15% de arroz e 15% de sorgo; T2: (15%; 70%; 15%); T3: (15%; 15%; 70%); T4: (42,5%; 42,5%; 15%); T5: (42,5%; 15%; 42,5%); T6: (15%; 42,5%; 42,5%); T10: (33,3%; 33,3%; 33,3%); sendo T7 a T10 pontos centrais. As farinhas integrais de cada um dos cereais foram analisadas quanto a sua composi??o centesimal e distribui??o granulom?trica. As vari?veis respostas durante o processamento de extrus?o foram: vaz?o de alimenta??o das misturas e energia mec?nica espec?fica (EME); densidade aparente; ?ndices de expans?o (radial, longitudinal e volum?trico); caracteriza??o por imagens; textura instrumental; viscosidade de pasta; ?ndices de absor??o (IAA) e solubilidade em ?gua (ISA). As varia??es entre os tratamentos foram principalmente atribu?das ? composi??o centesimal, em particular, o teor de fibra alimentar de cada amostra. Observou-se que o aumento do teor de fibra na mistura, levou ? redu??o da expans?o radial dos extrudados, como esperado. As misturas com maior teor de arroz integral (Tratamentos T2 e T4) foram aquelas que apresentaram maior expans?o radial, o que foi atribu?do ao menor teor de fibra presente na farinha de arroz, como esperado. O maior resultado de EME foi evidenciado no tratamento com maior teor de farinha de milho e de sorgo (T5). A an?lise de textura instrumental tamb?m destacou a croc?ncia (maior Nsr) dos tratamentos com maior por??o de arroz (T2 e T4). O tratamento com maior fra??o de milho (T1), alcan?ou a maior viscosidade de pasta. J? o tratamento T2, se destacou tamb?m por apresentar baixo valor para ISA. O tratamento do ponto central (T8) foi o de maior valor. Foi poss?vel obter a partir das misturas dos tratamentos T2 e T4, produtos de maior croc?ncia, expans?o e melhor distribui??o interna das c?lulas ar; sendo, portanto, os tratamentos recomendados para produ??o de extrudados.

<p>This is to my knowledge the first time a ten-year follow-up study of salivary cortisol concentrations measured by immunoassays in relation to posttraumatic symptoms according to the Impact of Event Scale (IES) is made. The study was performed on 78 Swedish UN soldiers after a 6-months mission in the former republic of Yugoslavia. Follow-up investigations were performed six months, twelve months and ten years after their return to Sweden. Morning and evening salivary cortisol concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) and subjective posttraumatic avoidance and intrusion symptoms were measured with the IES (see Appendix I).</p><p> </p><p>This study concerns the methodological description of the EIA for determination of salivary cortisol and the comparison of the results from all three follow-up investigations. Post-traumatic stress symptoms according to IES (intrusion subscale and total score) increased significantly over ten years of time. There was an significant interrelationship between the change in both morning and evening salivary cortisol concentrations, measured with immunoassays, and changes in self-rated posttraumatic intrusive symptoms, according to IES, during ten years follow-up, after a six months mission in Bosnia in the way that salivary cortisol concentrations showed a tendency to decrease over ten years of time in subjects with a higher IES score. The rise in morning salivary cortisol, from awakening until 30 minutes later, was significantly correlated with the ratings of posttraumatic stress symptoms according to the IES ten years after the mission.   </p>