Cette thèse a pour objectif majeur d’examiner l’émergence des émotions en situation de menace du stéréotype et leurs implications sur la performance cognitive des individus stigmatisés. Nous poursuivons deux objectifs. Dans un premier temps, nous souhaitons montrer que la situation de menace du stéréotype est propice non seulement au déclenchement de peur mais aussi de colère chez les individus stigmatisés. Dans ce cadre, nous postulons que l’adhésion ou non des individus au stéréotype de leur groupe d’appartenance déterminerait respectivement l’émergence de peur ou de colère. Cinq études expérimentales permettent de valider cette hypothèse. Dans un second temps, nous examinons les processus par lesquels ces deux émotions interviennent dans la chute de performance classiquement observée en menace du stéréotype. Sur la base de la théorie des tendances à l’action et des théories cognitives, nous proposons que la peur et la colère ressenties par les individus stigmatisés dans cette situation, sont responsables de ses conséquences délétères sur leur performance. La peur est associée à une tendance d’évitement qui empêcherait les individus négativement stéréotypés de s’impliquer dans la tâche qui permet l’application du stéréotype. La colère, quant à elle, favorise une tendance d’approche et un traitement heuristique de l’information qui, associés, précipiteraient les réponses des individus stigmatisés et empêcheraient le traitement approfondi de la tâche. Par leur tendance d’action, peur et colère pourraient contribuer à la réduction des performances en situation de menace du stéréotype. Trois études expérimentales permettent de valider cette idée.Cette thèse propose une explication alternative à l’effet délétère classiquement observé de la menace du stéréotype sur les performances des individus stigmatisés et pointe l’importance de prendre en considération les conséquences comportementales et cognitives des émotions dans cette situation. / The aim of this research is to examine the emergence of emotions in stereotype threat and its implications on performances of stigmatized individuals. We have two purposes. First, we want to show that stereotype threat situation triggers not only fear but also anger in stigmatized individuals. We postulate that endorsement or non endorsement to the group stereotype would respectively determine the emergence of fear or anger. Five experiments confirm our hypothesis. Then we examine processes through which fear and anger have deleterious effect on performances in stereotype threat situation. We suggest that fear and anger have deleterious effect because of the action tendencies and the cognitive processing of information that they trigger. Fear triggers an avoidance action tendency which could prevent stigmatized individuals to get involved in the task. Anger triggers an approach action tendency and a heuristic processing of information which could lead to rush towards the task without processing information deeply. Three experiments confirm our hypothesis. This research suggests an alternative explanation to the deleterious effect of stereotype threat on performances and highlights the importance to take into account the behavioral and cognitive consequences of emotions in the stereotype threat situation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:54:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 campos_rv_me_jabo.pdf: 253429 bytes, checksum: 8d9f4fe4ec3cc0553b735dfab36c9a5a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A eficiência em produção de uma propriedade depende de fatores técnicos, biológicos, financeiros e gerenciais. Avanços na genética, nos métodos estatísticos e na melhoria da capacidade de processamento dos computadores podem contribuir para o progresso genético do rebanho bubalino. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação genética entre a produção de “mozzarella” (PM) com a produção e os constituintes do leite bubalino considerando como objetivo de seleção a PM. Para isso, estimaram-se os parâmetros genéticos das produções de leite (PL) e “mozzarella”, bem como das porcentagens de gordura (PG) e proteína (PP), utilizandose 4389 lactações ocorridas entre os anos 1985 e 2005. Estimou-se ainda o ganho e a tendência genética das características ao longo dos anos bem como a eficiência da seleção. Estimou-se os componentes de variância por meio de análises bi-característica usando modelos animal, pela metodologia REML, ao qual foram obtidas as estimativas de herdabilidade que variaram de 0,17 a 0,37 entre todas as características analisadas, o que indica que existe variabilidade passível de seleção. As repetibilidades também foram altas, de 0,42 a 0,63, indicando que poucos desempenhos podem ser considerados para se praticar o descarte de animais através da seleção. A correlação genética entre as PL acumuladas aos 270 (P270) e 305 (P305) dias com a PP foram negativas e mediana (-0,04 e -0,29, respectivamente) e com a PG foram negativas e alta (-0,56 e -0,68, respectivamente) acarretando na diminuição dos constituintes à medida que se seleciona para as PL. Com base nas altas correlações genéticas entre as PL com a PM (acima de 0,86) e nas respostas correlacionadas visando à PM, é mais indicado praticar seleção direta para a PL devido ao seu maior peso na fórmula de estimação da mesma, ainda que os teores dos... / The efficiency in production of a farm depends factors technical, biological, financial and managerial. Progresses in the genetics, in the statistical methods and in the improvement of the capacity of processing of the computers they can contribute with the genetic progress of the herd buffalo. The objective of this study was to verify the genetic association among the mozzarella yield (MY) with the yield and components composition of the milk buffalo considering as selection objective the MY. They were considered the genetic parameters of the yield of milk (YM) and mozzarella, as well as of the fat percentages (FP) and protein (PP), being used 4389 lactations happened among the years 1985 and 2005. Estimation also the genetic gain, the efficiency and the tendency of the selection along the years. It was used for the analysis of the environmental factors and definition of the models of the characteristics the procedure GLM of the SAS. For the study of the genetic factors, they were considered the variance components across analyses bi-characteristic using models animal, across of the methodology REML of MTDFREML, to which was obtained the heritability estimates that varied from 0,17 to 0,37 among the characteristics, what indicates that variability susceptible to selection. The repeatability were also high, from 0,42 to 0,63, indicating that few performance can be considered to be practiced the selection. With base in the correlated answers to the MY, it is more suitable to practice direct selection for the MY due to your largest weight in the formula of estimate of the mozzarella, even if the representative’s component constituents are maximum. Besides, it is treated of a characteristic of easy measure and low cost, allowing larger number of animals to be controlled...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

abstract: Fully distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs) without fusion center have advantages such as scalability in network size and energy efficiency in communications. Each sensor shares its data only with neighbors and then achieves global consensus quantities by in-network processing. This dissertation considers robust distributed parameter estimation methods, seeking global consensus on parameters of adaptive learning algorithms and statistical quantities. Diffusion adaptation strategy with nonlinear transmission is proposed. The nonlinearity was motivated by the necessity for bounded transmit power, as sensors need to iteratively communicate each other energy-efficiently. Despite the nonlinearity, it is shown that the algorithm performs close to the linear case with the added advantage of power savings. This dissertation also discusses convergence properties of the algorithm in the mean and the mean-square sense. Often, average is used to measure central tendency of sensed data over a network. When there are outliers in the data, however, average can be highly biased. Alternative choices of robust metrics against outliers are median, mode, and trimmed mean. Quantiles generalize the median, and they also can be used for trimmed mean. Consensus-based distributed quantile estimation algorithm is proposed and applied for finding trimmed-mean, median, maximum or minimum values, and identification of outliers through simulation. It is shown that the estimated quantities are asymptotically unbiased and converges toward the sample quantile in the mean-square sense. Step-size sequences with proper decay rates are also discussed for convergence analysis. Another measure of central tendency is a mode which represents the most probable value and also be robust to outliers and other contaminations in data. The proposed distributed mode estimation algorithm achieves a global mode by recursively shifting conditional mean of the measurement data until it converges to stationary points of estimated density function. It is also possible to estimate the mode by utilizing grid vector as well as kernel density estimator. The densities are estimated at each grid point, while the points are updated until they converge to a global mode. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2017

Submitted by Igor Matos (igoryure.rm@gmail.com) on 2017-01-17T14:48:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas.pdf: 2713325 bytes, checksum: 7e98efdc6cad26b67202ce457c5d0984 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-01-17T14:56:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas.pdf: 2713325 bytes, checksum: 7e98efdc6cad26b67202ce457c5d0984 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-17T14:56:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas.pdf: 2713325 bytes, checksum: 7e98efdc6cad26b67202ce457c5d0984 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-04 / CAPES / Objetivo: Analisar os indicadores e os determinantes clínicos e epidemiológicos de hanseníase em indivíduos menores de quinze anos registrados no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Método: Estudo epidemiológico desenvolvido em três etapas que incluem: caracterização de 2455 casos novos de hanseníase em menores de quinze anos notificados no período de 2001 a 2013; identificação da tendência histórica dos indicadores epidemiológicos de hanseníase nesta população por meio do procedimento de Prais-Winster para análise de regressão linear generalizada; e comparação das características sociodemográficas, clínicas e epidemiológicas de 429 indivíduos notificados com hanseníase entre os municípios prioritários e os não prioritários, através do teste do qui-quadrado ao nível de significância de 5%, bem como a distribuição espacial destes municípios por meio do software ArcGis10.2. Resultados: O primeiro estudo indicou a incidência média de 22,7 casos por 100 mil habitantes em menores de quinze anos, a maior proporção de entrada foi do sexo masculino (51,6%; n= 1268) e da faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos (65%; n=1595). Dentre as características clínicas, 67,3% (n=1652) foram classificados como paucibacilares e 45,8%(n=1125) com lesão única. Quanto ao modo de detecção, 46,2% (n=1133) das entradas foram por demanda espontânea. Observou-se que 60,6% e 52,1% das informações acerca da realização de exame baciloscópico no diagnóstico e apresentação de episódio reacional, respectivamente, foram consideradas ignoradas e/ou não preenchidas. No segundo estudo, evidenciou-se uma tendência decrescente do coeficiente geral de incidência, com uma taxa anual média de -5,5% (IC 95%: -7,5 – -3,5) e tendência de crescimento com incremento de 6,7% (IC 95%: 2,7 –10,8) na proporção dos casos multibacilares, de 9,4% (IC 95%: 4,4 – 14,7) dos casos diagnosticados com forma clínica dimorfa e de 14,0% (IC 95%: 7,9 – 20,4) dos casos com incapacidade física grau 2 no momento do diagnóstico. Houve crescimento na tendência da proporção média dos contatos examinados, com incremento de 4,1% (IC 95%: 1,2 – 7,1), enquanto que a média da proporção de cura no período foi considerada precária (39,7%), com tendência estacionária. O último estudo identificou que 73,9% (n=317) dos casos novos foram notificados em municípios prioritários. Observou-se diferença na proporção de casos registrados entre os municípios, com maior proporção nos prioritários quanto à idade de cinco a nove anos (χ²=4,09; p=0,043), raça branca (χ²=7,01; p=0,008) e forma clínica tuberculóide (χ²=3,89; p=0,048), e maior proporção nos não prioritários quanto à zona não urbana (χ²=24,23; p<0,001), duas a cinco lesões (χ²=5,93; p=0,014) e demanda espontânea (χ²=6,16; p=0,013). Dos 141 municípios do estado avaliados segundo a distribuição espacial, 58,1% (n=82) apresentaram coeficiente médio de incidência alto, muito alto e hiperendêmico, sendo que destes, 34,1% (n=28) contemplam o grupo dos prioritários. Conclusão: A tendência histórica do coeficiente médio de incidência da hanseníase em menores de quinze anos mostrou-se decrescente no período, todavia as características clínicas e epidemiológicas da doença e as tendências dos indicadores epidemiológicos indicam o diagnóstico tardio com permanência de fontes de transmissibilidade. A maioria dos casos foi registrada em municípios prioritários, entretanto ambos apresentam hiperendemicidade do agravo, influenciando nas respostas de controle da endemia no estado. / Objective: To analyze the indicators and the clinical and epidemiological determinants of leprosy in individuals under the age of fifteen registered in the Mato Grosso’s System for Notifiable Diseases, Brazil. Method: It is an epidemiological study developed in three steps that include: characterization of 2.455 new cases of leprosy in individuals under the age of fifteen notified between 2001 and 2013; identifying the historical tendency of epidemiological indicators of leprosy in this population by means of the Prais-Winsten procedure for analyzing generalized linear regression; and comparison of sociodemographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 429 individuals notified with leprosy between the priority and non-priority cities, by using the chi-square test at a significance level of 5%, as well as the spatial distribution of these cities by means of the ArcGIS 10.2 software. Results: The first study indicated the average incidence of 22,7 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants in individuals under the age of fifteen. The greatest proportion of entry belonged to the male gender (51,6%; n=1268) and the age group from 10 to 14 years (65%, n=1595). Among the clinical characteristics, 67,3% (n=1.652) were classified as paucibacillary and 45,8% (n= 1.125) with a single injury. Regarding the detection mode, 46,2% (n=1.133) of entries were due to spontaneous demand. It was observed that 60,6% and 52,1% of the information about the accomplishment of skin smear in the diagnosis and presentation of reactive episode, respectively, were considered ignored and/or not completed. In the second study, it was found a decreasing tendency of the general coefficient of incidence, with an average annual rate of 5,5% (95% CI: -7,5 – -3,5) and increasing tendency with an growth of 6,7% (95% CI: 2,7 – 10,8) in the proportion of multibacillary cases, 9,4% (95% CI: 4,4 – 14,7) of cases diagnosed with borderline clinical form and 14,0% (95% CI: 7,9 – 20,4) of cases with physical disability level 2 at the time of diagnosis. There was an increasing tendency in the average proportion of examined contacts, with a growth of 4,1% (95% CI: 1,2 – 7,1), whilst the average proportion of healing in the period was considered poor (39,7% ), with stationary tendency. The last study identified that 73,9% (n=317) of the new cases were notified in priority cities. It was observed a difference in the proportion of cases registered among the cities, with a greater proportion in priority ones in relation to the age group from five to nine years (χ²=4,09; p=0,043), white color (χ²=7,01; p=0,008) and tuberculoid clinical form (χ²=3,89; p=0,048); and greater proportion in non-priority cases in relation to the non-urban area (χ²=24,23; p<0,001), two to five injuries (χ²=5,93; p=0,014) and spontaneous demand (χ²=6,16; p=0,013). Of the 141 assessed cities of the state according to the spatial distribution, 58,1% (n=82) showed a high, very high and hyper-endemic average coefficient of incidence, and, of these, 34,1% (n=28) include the group of priorities. Conclusion: The historical tendency of the average coefficient of incidence of leprosy in individuals under the age of fifteen proved to be decreasing in the period. Nonetheless, the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the disease and the tendencies of epidemiological indicators have indicated the late diagnosis with a permanence of communicable sources. The majority of cases were registered in priority cities. However, both demonstrate the hyperendemicity of the diseases, thereby influencing with the answers of control of the epidemics in the state.

Orientador: Humberto Tonhati / Banca: Danísio Prado Munari / Banca: Vera Lúcia Cardoso / Resumo: A eficiência em produção de uma propriedade depende de fatores técnicos, biológicos, financeiros e gerenciais. Avanços na genética, nos métodos estatísticos e na melhoria da capacidade de processamento dos computadores podem contribuir para o progresso genético do rebanho bubalino. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação genética entre a produção de "mozzarella" (PM) com a produção e os constituintes do leite bubalino considerando como objetivo de seleção a PM. Para isso, estimaram-se os parâmetros genéticos das produções de leite (PL) e "mozzarella", bem como das porcentagens de gordura (PG) e proteína (PP), utilizandose 4389 lactações ocorridas entre os anos 1985 e 2005. Estimou-se ainda o ganho e a tendência genética das características ao longo dos anos bem como a eficiência da seleção. Estimou-se os componentes de variância por meio de análises bi-característica usando modelos animal, pela metodologia REML, ao qual foram obtidas as estimativas de herdabilidade que variaram de 0,17 a 0,37 entre todas as características analisadas, o que indica que existe variabilidade passível de seleção. As repetibilidades também foram altas, de 0,42 a 0,63, indicando que poucos desempenhos podem ser considerados para se praticar o descarte de animais através da seleção. A correlação genética entre as PL acumuladas aos 270 (P270) e 305 (P305) dias com a PP foram negativas e mediana (-0,04 e -0,29, respectivamente) e com a PG foram negativas e alta (-0,56 e -0,68, respectivamente) acarretando na diminuição dos constituintes à medida que se seleciona para as PL. Com base nas altas correlações genéticas entre as PL com a PM (acima de 0,86) e nas respostas correlacionadas visando à PM, é mais indicado praticar seleção direta para a PL devido ao seu maior peso na fórmula de estimação da mesma, ainda que os teores dos ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The efficiency in production of a farm depends factors technical, biological, financial and managerial. Progresses in the genetics, in the statistical methods and in the improvement of the capacity of processing of the computers they can contribute with the genetic progress of the herd buffalo. The objective of this study was to verify the genetic association among the mozzarella yield (MY) with the yield and components composition of the milk buffalo considering as selection objective the MY. They were considered the genetic parameters of the yield of milk (YM) and mozzarella, as well as of the fat percentages (FP) and protein (PP), being used 4389 lactations happened among the years 1985 and 2005. Estimation also the genetic gain, the efficiency and the tendency of the selection along the years. It was used for the analysis of the environmental factors and definition of the models of the characteristics the procedure GLM of the SAS. For the study of the genetic factors, they were considered the variance components across analyses bi-characteristic using models animal, across of the methodology REML of MTDFREML, to which was obtained the heritability estimates that varied from 0,17 to 0,37 among the characteristics, what indicates that variability susceptible to selection. The repeatability were also high, from 0,42 to 0,63, indicating that few performance can be considered to be practiced the selection. With base in the correlated answers to the MY, it is more suitable to practice direct selection for the MY due to your largest weight in the formula of estimate of the mozzarella, even if the representative's component constituents are maximum. Besides, it is treated of a characteristic of easy measure and low cost, allowing larger number of animals to be controlled...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Mestre

Esta pesquisa visa apresentar a articulação entre arte e política na trajetória de Mário Pedrosa durante as décadas de 1930 a 1950. Se, na conferência de 1933, sobre a gravurista alemã Käthe Kollwitz, Pedrosa esboçou os princípios de uma estética marxista, que tentou vincular a natureza, a origem e o desenvolvimento da arte com o estágio técnico alcançado pela sociedade e com a luta de classes, de 1942 em diante, a ênfase se deu na especificidade e nas leis próprias do campo artístico. Embora Pedrosa tivesse sempre em mente o processo final de síntese entre arte e revolução social, processou-se uma mudança em seu posicionamento. Este derivou não do afastamento premeditado da política para a dedicação exclusiva à atividade de crítica de arte, mas de um ajuste necessário de Pedrosa para articular de outro modo arte e política, a fim de que os augúrios do campo artístico se concretizassem. / The object of this research is to show the connection between art and politics in Mário Pedrosa´s pathway during the decades of 1930 to 1950. If in his lecture on the German engraver Käthe Kollwitz in 1933 Pedrosa had outlined the principles of a Marxist aesthetics, which tried to link up the nature, origin and development of art with the technical stage reached by society and the class struggle, from 1942 onwards, he put emphasis on the specificity and the proper laws of the artistic field. Although Pedrosa had always in mind the final process of syntesis between art and social revolution, there has been a shift in his position. This derived not from his deliberate withdrawal from politics in order to devote himself exclusively to his role as an art critic, but from a necessary adjustment to connect art with politics in another way, so that the prospects for the artistic field might be achieved.

In the first part, diploma thesis presents theoretical background of well-being and sensation seeking tendency concepts. By analysing available resources in Czech and foreign literature it presents current theoretical understanding of these concepts and discusses their relationship to other psyche phenomena. In the empirical part, research hypotheses about existence of the relationship between well-being represented by SWLS questionnaire (Satisfaction With Life Scale; Diener et al., 1985) and sensation seeking tendency represented by SSS V scale (Sensation Seeking Scale V; Zuckerman, 1979) are examined. As support, Ten-item personality inventory TIPI (Gosling et al., 2003) is used. Two groups of respondents participated in the study: Czech (N = 137) and Slovak (N = 181) which were considered one sample (N = 318). Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analysis showed negligible significant relationship (r = 0,12; p < 0,05) between sub-scale Experience Seeking (ES) and SWLS. However, EC score did not predict SWLS variance. Overall, study failed to accept hypothesis of existence of the relationship between SWLS and SSS V and hypothesis of mutual independence was accepted. Furthermore, the thesis deals with closer analysis of the results and personality predictors of SWLS. Keywords:...

This thesis aims to gain a better understanding of how customers behave with email and spontaneous online shopping and in which degree prospects or customer would be affected by functions in interactive e-mails.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal identificar as tendências de comportamento competitivo de 97 atletas de Judô em relação às suas tendências pessoais em vencer, competir e estabelecer metas. Os dados foram coletados utilizando o Sistema de Avaliação ACS -2 e o Inventário de identificação pessoal e esportiva, junto a 53 judocas do sexo masculino e 45 do sexo feminino, federados e competidores, integrantes das equipes Juvenis e Juniores pertencentes ou não às Seleções Paulista de Judô, oriundos de diversas classes sociais e com idade cronológica entre 14 e 21 anos. Os atletas foram agrupados por sexo e/ou por estarem integrando ou não a Seleção Paulista de Judô, de forma simples ou em múltiplas combinações. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi empregado para analisar as relações intragrupos existentes entre as variáveis qualitativas (tendências em vencer, competir e estabelecer metas), e variáveis quantitativas (idade, tempo de prática e nível de desempenho). Foi utilizado para a análise intergrupos o Qui-Quadrado, para as variáveis qualitativas, e o teste t, para as variáveis quantitativas. Os resultados indicaram que existem evidências significativas de que os atletas federados e competidores de ambos os sexos, pertencentes à Seleção Paulista de Judô, adotam comportamentos com tendências pessoais diferenciadas quando comparados com os comportamentos dos atletas não pertencentes à Seleção Paulista de Judô, sendo que a única variável que não apresentou diferença foi a tendência em competir. Entre atletas federados e competidores, distribuídos em função do sexo, masculino ou feminino, a idade foi a única variável que não apresentou evidência de diferenças significativas. Na análise intragrupos dos atletas que não pertencem à Seleção Paulista de Judô, entre os sexos masculino e feminino, somente foram encontradas diferenças significativas para as variáveis qualitativas. Não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre o comportamento competitivo quanto às tendências em vencer, competir e estabelecer metas, e as variáveis de idade, tempo de prática e nível de desempenho dentro das competições e treinamento, mostrando serem as mesmas variavelmente independentes. Em conclusão, os atletas de Judô com maior idade, tempo de prática e nível de desempenho apresentaram melhores índices para as tendências analisadas, podendo indicar maiores possibilidades de alcançar melhores resultados na competição; enquanto que as atletas femininas mostraram menor expressão para alcançar resultados competitivos em competições de alto nível que os atletas masculinos, o que provavelmente é decorrente do menor tempo de prática, tendências em vencer e estabelecer metas. O Sistema de Avaliação denominado ACS ? 2 tornou-se um modelo eficaz para identificar e categorizar as diferentes tendências de comportamento competitivo em vencer, competir e estabelecer metas empregadas pelos judocas do sexo masculino de feminino de Judô / The main purpose of this research was to study, categorize and identify the competitive behavior tendency of Judo players according to personal tendencies of competing, winning and setting goals. We analyzed 52 male and 45 female Judo players from São Paulo Federation, competitors, most of them Juniors and Juveniles, included or not in the São Paulo State Team, from different social background and between 14 and 21 years old. The evaluation tools were: Evaluation System ACS ? 2 to collect information about competitive tendency ; and a second one to obtain Sportive and Personal information about age, practice time and performance level. The samples were separated by sex and/or by circumstantially being part or not of São Paulo State Team, in eight different groups. The Spearman Coefficient was used to analyze the intra-group relations between qualitative variables (tendencies of winning, competing and setting goals), and quantitative variables (age, practice time, performance level). The Q-Square was used to analyze the qualitative variables between groups and the test t for the quantitative variables. The results showed that, independent of the sex of the athletes of São Paulo State Team and those who were not in this group, there are significant differences in the variables involved in this study, except for competing tendencies. When the athletes were separated by sex, age was the only variable that has not showed evidence of significant difference. In the inter-group analysis of male and female athletes who are not part of São Paulo State Team significant differences were only found in qualitative variables; in the analysis of the athletes who are in São Paulo State Team significant differences were found in the qualitative tendencies of winning and setting goals. In the intra-group analyses, no differences had been found between qualitative and quantitative variables suggesting independent variability. In conclusion the Judo athletes with more age, practice time and performance level obtain best scores for the competitive tendencies analyzed, these elements can indicate possibilities to reach best results in sport competitions. The female athletes showed minor competences for high level competitions than the males athletes probably because of less practice time, lower tendencies of winning and setting goals. The Evaluation System ACS ? 2 was shown as a good and efficient model to identify and characterize the different competitive behavior tendencies in competing, winning and setting goals orientation employed by male and female Judo players

In the master thesis, we present theoretically-critical analysis of current academic knowledge about the paradox of choice and related selected personality characteristics. In the theoretical part, we examine the topic of desition-making. First part defines concept of the paradox of choice. The next part also includes previous research related to paradox of choice and related factors. In addition, we examine the phenomenon of post-decision regret in the context of the paradox of choice. In final section we elaborate relevant personality characteristics. The empirical part investigates the effect of paradox of choice, its relation to personality characteristics and post-decision regret. The research includes experiment, which is extended with personality questionnaire measuring maximization tendency, decisiveness and optimism. Those traits are measured by using Maximization scale Lai (2010), Life Orientation Test- Revised (LOT-R) and Bochum Personality Questionnaire (BIP). In the discussion, we further explore features of maximization tendency. Results does not show presence of the paradox of choice. Nevertheless participants from group with the most choices showed significantly more satisfaction with choice compared to participants from group with least choices which suggests opposite effect. In...