Les procédés de séparation à l’aide de membranes liquides sous forme d’émulsions doubles (DE) ont fait l’objet d’un examen approfondi en vue d’applications potentielles dans des domaines tels que la récupération des métaux, la séparation des gaz, l’élimination des composés organiques, l’élimination des polluants et les bioséparations. Les difficultés d’application de ces procédés ne concernent pas le caractère sophistiqué des équipements ou des installations, mais réside plutôt dans une bonne compréhension des phénomènes complexes qui se produisent à l’intérieur de ces systèmes. Depuis leur invention, d’importants efforts ont permis d’améliorer la modélisation des procédés de séparation par émulsions doubles. Toutefois, une représentation mathématique détaillée des phénomènes de diffusion/réaction au sein de ces systèmes restait inachevée. C’est pourquoi, l’objectif de cette thèse est de décrire le transport réactif d’un soluté au sein d’une émulsion double, constituée de trois phases, au moyen d’une modélisation permettant d’intégrer à l’échelle macroscopique les mécanismes aux échelles locales. La méthode de prise de moyenne volumique est utilisée pour établir rigoureusement les équations à l’échelle d’un continu équivalent dans le contexte des transferts hors équilibre massique local (NLME). La modélisation proposée dans ce travail repose sur deux philosophies distinctes. Dans un premier temps, les DES sont considérées comme des systèmes constitués par trois phases où les changements de concentration dans chacune d’entre-elles se produisent à la même échelle de longueur. Dans un deuxième temps, les DES correspondent à deux régions homogènes où les changements de concentration se produisent à deux échelles de longueur différentes. Deux modèles macroscopiques différents sont ainsi obtenus : le modèle à trois phases et celui à deux régions. Dans les deux cas, ces modèles font intervenir les coefficients effectifs de transport comprenant l’information aux petites échelles. Ces derniers sont liés aux variables de fermeture dont la détermination est obtenue par la résolution des problèmes de fermeture associés. Enfin, une analyse d’un procédé de séparation par contact dans un réservoir agité a été effectuée en appliquant les deux modèles. / Liquid membrane separations as Double Emulsions (DE) have been extensively examined for potential application in fields such as metal recovery, gas separation, organic compound removal, pollutant removal, and bioseparations. The difficulties in the application of these processes do not consist in sophisticated equipment or installation but in a good understanding of the complex phenomena that occur inside these systems. Since its invention, efforts have been made for successful modeling of DE process separation; however, information about the diffusion and reaction phenomena inside the DE has not been included in the mathematical descriptions in detail yet. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to describe the solute transport with chemical reaction through DE systems by means of rigorous modeling that can provide with valuable information from the micro-scale to be applied at the macro-scale.To accomplish this, a DE system has been analyzed as a three-phase system characterized by more than one disparate length scales.The method of volume averaging has been used to derive rigorous averaged equations in the context of the non-local mass equilibrium (NLME). The structure of the DES has been studied from two different perspectives: 1) the DES as a single domain where concentration changes occur in the same length scale and 2) the DES consists in two homogeneous regions where concentration changes occur at two different length scales. As a result of these different standpoints of representing the system, two different averaged macroscopic models were obtained: the three-phase and the two-region models. Both models present effective coefficients that include information about the micro-scale. These latter are related to closure variables which are solutions of associated boundary-value problems. Finally, an analysis of a DE-containing separation process in a stirred tank by applying both models was made.

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Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are a class of anionic clay with alternating layers of positive and negative charge. A metal hydroxide layer with divalent and trivalent metals with a positive charge is complemented by an interlayer region containing anions and water with a negative charge. The anions can be exchanged under favorable conditions. Hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2(OH)16[CO3]·4H2O) and other variations are naturally occurring minerals. Synthetic LDH can be prepared as a powder or film by numerous methods. Synthetic LDH is used in electrode materials, adsorbents, nuclear waste treatment, drug delivery systems, water treatment, corrosion protection coatings, and catalysis. In this dissertation Zn-Al-NO3 derivatives of zaccagnaite (Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3]·3H2O) are electrochemically synthesized as films and applied to sensing and corrosion resistance applications. First, Zn-Al-NO3 LDH was potentiostatically electrosynthesized on glassy carbon substrates and applied to the electrochemical detection of gallic acid and caffeic acid in aqueous solutions. The modified electrode was then applied to the detection of gallic acid in green tea samples. The focus of the work shifts to corrosion protection of stainless steel. Modified zaccagnaite films were electrodeposited onto stainless steel in multiples layers to reduce defects caused by drying of the films. The films were deposited using a step potential method. The corrosion resistance of the films in a marine environment was investigated while immersed in 3.5 wt.% NaCl environments. Next modified zaccagnaite films were potentiostatically electrodeposited onto stainless steel followed by a hydrophobization reaction with palmitic acid in order to prepare superhydrophobic (>150° contact angle) surfaces. Each parameter of the film synthesis was optimized to produce a surface with the highest possible contact angle. The fifth chapter examines the corrosion resistance of the optimized superhydrophobic film and a hydrophobic film. The hydrophobic film is prepared using the same procedure as the superhydrophobic film except for a difference in electrodeposition potential. The corrosion resistance of these films is investigated in a simulated marine environment (3.5 wt.% NaCl) for short and extended durations. The last chapter summarizes the previous chapters and suggests future directions for this work.

Syftet med denna studie är att följa min inlärningsprocess av Serge Koussevitzkyskontrabaskonsert op. 3. Genom studien har jag kommit fram till olika övningsmetoder som kan tillämpas på Koussevitzky baskonserten som intonationsproblem samt tekniska svårigheter man stöter på under inlärningsprocessen. Med hjälp av videoanalys och loggbok dokumenteras processen. Flera förbättringsområden identifieras såsom övningsstruktur, fingersättningar, lägesväxlingar och stråkföring. I studien presenteras olika övningsstrategier i musikalisk gestaltning och lösningar på specifika tekniska hinder / The purpose of this study is to follow my learning process of Serge Koussevitzky's Double Bass Concerto op. 3. Through the study, I have come up with different practice methods that can be applied to the Koussevitzky bass concerto as intonation problems as well as technical difficulties encountered during the learning process. With the help of video analytics and logbook, the process is documented. Several areas for improvement are identified, such as practice structure, fingering, position shifts and stringing. The study presents different practice strategies in musical performance and solutions to specific technical obstacles.

Studien syftar till att undersöka hur medarbetares utvecklingsinriktade lärande tar sig uttryck inom ett HR-team, och vilka faktorer som för individen upplevs som de viktigaste förutsättningar för att utvecklingsinriktat lärande ska ske. De frågeställningar som besvaras är hur det utvecklingsinriktade lärandet tar sig uttryck hos medarbetaren, samt vilka interna och externa förutsättningar som medarbetaren upplever underlättar för att ett utvecklingsinriktat lärande ska uppstå. Data har samlats in med kvalitativ metod, där sex stycken semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts där samtliga informanter arbetar inom samma HR-team i en global IT-organisation. Därefter har empirin behandlats med hjälp av kategorisering och kodning. I studiens resultat- och analysdel har double-loop lärande använts som teoretiskt analysverktyg, samt de förutsättningar som Illeris presenterar som viktiga för en god lärandemiljö. Studiens resultat indikerar att det utvecklingsinriktade lärandet tar sig uttryck i form av stort handlingsutrymme, som innefattar självständighet och möjlighet att påverka. Det utvecklingsinriktade lärandet tar även sig uttryck i medarbetarnas problemlösningsförmåga. Individerna upplever att interna faktorer som påverkar det utvecklingsinriktade lärandet är motivation. Det illustreras i form utav att informanterna menar att intresse är viktigt för att lärande ska uppstå, samt motivation till att reflektera och se över och förbättra processer vilket resulterar i lärande. De externa faktorerna som individerna upplever som underlättande för att utvecklingsinriktat lärande ska uppstå är arbetsmarknaden informanterna är verksamma på, en tillåtande arbetsmiljö som uppmuntrar till lärande och misstag, att det ges tid för lärande,  att det finns utrymme för kreativitet samt ledarskapets betydelse. / This study aims to investigate how individuals' development-oriented learning manifests itself within an HR team, and which factors by the individual are perceived as the most important prerequisites for development-oriented learning to take place. The questions that are answered within this study are how development-oriented learning is expressed, and what internal and external conditions the individual experiences make it easier for development-oriented learning to arise. Data have been collected using a qualitative method, where six semi-structured interviews have been conducted. The interviews were conducted with six informants, all of whom work within an HR team in a global IT organization. After the interviews were conducted, the empirics were sorted with the help of categorization and coding. In the results and analysis part of the study, double-loop learning has been used as a theoretical analysis tool, as well as the conditions that Illeris presents as important for a good learning environment. The results of the study indicate that development-oriented learning is expressed in the form of room for maneuver, which includes independence and the opportunity to influence. Development-oriented learning is also expressed in the individuals' problem-solving ability. The individuals experience that internal factors that affect development-oriented learning are motivation. This is illustrated in the form that the informants experience that interest is important for learning to arise, as well as motivation to reflect and review and improve processes, which results in learning. The external factors that individuals perceive as facilitating development-oriented learning are the labor market the informants are active in, a permissive work environment that encourages learning and mistakes, that there is time for learning, that there is room for creativity, and the importance of leadership.

For a graph G with vertex set V(G) and function f:V(G)→{0,1,2,3}, let Vi be the set of vertices assigned i by f. A perfect double Roman dominating function of a graph G is a function f:V(G)→{0,1,2,3} satisfying the conditions that (i) if u∈V0, then u is either adjacent to exactly two vertices in V2 and no vertex in V3 or adjacent to exactly one vertex in V3 and no vertex in V2; and (ii) if u∈V1, then u is adjacent to exactly one vertex in V2 and no vertex in V3. The perfect double Roman domination number of G, denoted γdRp(G), is the minimum weight of a perfect double Roman dominating function of G. We prove that if T is a tree of order n≥3, then γdRp(T)≤9n∕7. In addition, we give a family of trees T of order n for which γdRp(T) approaches this upper bound as n goes to infinity.

Stand Up Weave explores multiple-layer weaving from a sculptural and spatial perspective in combination with non-textile materials as a way of challanging what weaving can be and how it can be developed in the changing textile industry. The aim was to develop three-dimensional fabrics by hand weaving in multiple layers with integrated supporting structures to achieve sculptural textile objects directed towards experimental textile design. The work investigates and develops methods of how to design and produce complete textile objects directly in the loom without industrial machines or finishing processes such as sewing together parts. The result is a collection of three woven objects, each exhibiting different ways of constructing three-dimensional textiles with individual solutions for warp planning, weaving and supporting structures.

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The aim of this essay has been to investigate the use and traditios of double weaves during the old Vasa period in Sweden, the so called Ryssväv (Russian Weave). Questions focused are: what was the magnitude of the double weaves produced in Sweden, was there a considerable import from Finland, how were the double weaves used, did it differ between bigger and smaller royal estates, was the building type of importance for the furnishing? Ryssväv has been categorized both as an "everyday article", and as art weave, but what was its status, and what status did the craftsmen have compared to other craftsmen? The preserved double weaves from the late medieval period in Sweden-Finland has served as a direct source for my examination and as such the theory and method of my work has been Material culture. Most likely the double weaves of the Vasa period were similar, in both quality and esthetics. My primary sources have been fatbursräkenskaper (household accounts) from two royal estates, Rävsnäs and Gripsholm. In these accounts I have tried to find documentation telling something about the use ad status of ryssväv, and about the craftsmen who made them. The examination demonstrates that the use and production differed between Gripsholm and Rävsnäs; it is likely that this has to do with the building type, stone or wood. About the status of the craftsmen, one example is that of a female weaver recieving more money, for her ryssväv, than a male painter, for his paintings in the king's chamber. What has been claimed by some scientists, that most of the double weaves from the Vasa period, were imported from Finland, can be incorrect, according to my investigation. This hypothesis is left for future research to investigate.