O café é o segundo produto mais consumido no mundo, porém sua forma solúvel, ainda que muito prática, não possui boa aceitação no mercado brasileiro. Buscando estimular o seu consumo, este estudo teve como objetivo incrementar a formação de espuma no café solúvel tipo Spray Drier, submetido à variação do fator de extração e homogeneização do extrato com ar comprimido durante a secagem, além de avaliar a relação de carboidratos, proteínas e viscosidade do extrato com a formação de espuma. Os fatores de extração utilizados foram 3, 4 e 5 e a quantidade de gás foi limitada a 5NL.min-1. Foram avaliados a quantidade e tempo de dispersão de espuma, densidade, cor, umidade, distribuição granulométrica e análise micro estrutural do produto seco. O teor de carboidratos foi determinado pelo método ISO 11292 demonstrando um resultado médio de 42,78% sem diferença estatística entre os fatores de extração e correlação com a estabilidade da espuma. O teor de proteínas foi determinado pelo método espectrofotométrico de Bradford demonstrando um resultado médio de 11,24% com diferença estatística entre os fatores de extração e correlação com a estabilidade da espuma. A viscosidade demonstrou correlação inversamente proporcional ao fator de extração. Os extratos de café com injeção de gás e uso do sistema de homogeneização apresentaram melhores resultados na quantidade de espuma formada. O ar comprimido pode ser utilizado para aumento da quantidade de espuma no produto seco e influenciou diretamente na cor e densidade do produto. / Coffee is the second most consumed product in the world, but its soluble form, although very practical, does not have good acceptance in the Brazilian market. Seeking to boost its consumption, this study aimed to increase the foam of soluble Spray Drier coffee in type subjected to variation of factor extraction and homogenization of the extract with compressed air during drying and to evaluate the relationship of carbohydrates, proteins and viscosity of the extract with foaming formation. The extraction factors used were 3, 4 and 5 and the amount of gas was limited to 5NL.min-1. The amount of dispersion time and foam density, color, moisture, particle size distribution and microstructural analysis of the dried product were evaluated. The carbohydrate content was determined by demonstrating an average result of 42.78 % with no statistical difference between the factors extraction and correlation with foam stability ISO 11292 method. The protein content was determined by the spectrophotometric method of Bradford demonstrating an average result of 11.24% with a statistical difference between the factors extraction and correlation with foam stability. The viscosity of the extracts was inversely proportional to the extraction factor. Coffee extracts with injection of gas and the use of homogenization showed better results in the amount of foam formed. Compressed air can be used to increase the amount of foam and the dried product directly influences the color and density of the product.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T21:55:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RosangelaDeAraujoSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 3335300 bytes, checksum: 54980a258e8543e1da6ff3ef776cb4f8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-24T20:16:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RosangelaDeAraujoSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 3335300 bytes, checksum: 54980a258e8543e1da6ff3ef776cb4f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-24T20:16:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosangelaDeAraujoSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 3335300 bytes, checksum: 54980a258e8543e1da6ff3ef776cb4f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-19 / O alto custo de aquisi??o de uma CAVE, que at? recentemente se estimava em milh?es de d?lares, tornou proibitivo sua dissemina??o como ferramenta de pesquisa e aplica??o na educa??o. Por?m a dr?stica redu??o dos custos do hardware envolvido e o desenvolvimento de Software Livre para gerenciamento destes ambientes tem possibilitado diversos iniciativas de implementa??o de CAVEs de baixo custo. Neste trabalho utilizamos a abordagem metodol?gica de Engenharia de Sistemas para recomendar o projeto e constru??o de uma CAVE de baixo custo a partir de estudos das diversas tecnologias envolvidas. Partimos do dimensionamento do espa?o requerido para sua instala??o, da especifica??o dos materiais que comp?em sua estrutura a escolha do hardware e software de gerenciamento e de constru??o de mundos virtuais. A partir da constru??o do prot?tipo e da escolha da API InstantReality pudemos estabelecer o conhecimento necess?rio a recomenda??o de constru??o de um ambiente imersivo. Esta estrutura permitir? o desenvolvimento e utiliza??o de conte?do disciplinar e interdisciplinar voltado ao ensino/aprendizado, assim como ao avan?o das pesquisas realizadas com uso da Tecnologia de Realidade Virtual na Educa??o, envolvendo novos desafios. / The acquisition cost of a CAVE is high. Until recently, the figure was millions of dollars. This factor prevented the spread of the CAVE as a research tool and application in education. However, in recent years there has been a significant reduction in hardware costs and the development of free software for managing these environments. This cost reduction enabled several initiatives of implementation .In this work we used the methodological approach of Systems Engineering for recommend the design and construction of a low cost CAVE from studies of the various technologies involved. The work starts from the design of the space required for installation, specification of materials that make up its structure the choice of hardware and software management and construction of virtual worlds. From the construction of the prototype and the choice of InstantReality API was established the necessary knowledge to recommend of building an immersive environment. This structure will allow the development and use of disciplinary and interdisciplinary content geared to teaching/learning as well as the advancement of research conducted with use of Virtual Reality Technology in Education, involving new challenges.

A partir da leitura do livro Mínimos, Múltiplos e Comuns de João Gilberto Noll, este trabalho busca empreender um estudo sobre as relações entre a escrita do artista e tempo na figura dos instantes ficcionais, observando a questão do microrrelato e da exigência fragmentária (cf.P. Lacoue-Labarthe e Jean-Luc Nancy), na perspectiva do inacabado/unidade, o que projeta uma hipótese de conjunto constelar para a escrita de João Gilberto Noll. Inicialmente realiza-se uma reflexão de alguns temas importantes na fortuna crítica sobre o escritor, com a intenção de saber como estes reverberam na sua escrita para, em seguida, tratar do fragmento e suas perspectivas estéticas de inacabamento e de totalidade, com relação ao tempo e como dessas questões surge a metáfora crítica do instante ficcional. As leituras críticas usadas como operadores nortearam-se a partir das noções de fragmento (romântico), e de Acontecimento, relacionadas ao par conceitual Cronos/Aiôn deleuziano / Based on the reading of Mínimos, múltiplos e comuns, by João Gilberto Noll, this work seeks to undertake a study on the relationship between the artist writing and the time in the figure of "fictional instants, noting the issue of the micro-relate and the fragmentary requirement (cf.P. Lacoue-Labarthe and Jean-Luc Nancy), in the view of the unfinished / unit, which casts a whole constellate hypothesis on the writing of João Gilberto Noll. Initially, a reflection on some important topics that are recurrent in the critical fortune of the writer is carried out with the intention of finding out how they reverberate in his writings; then, the fragment and its aesthetics perspectives of incompleteness and wholeness are treated with respect to time; finally, it is observed how, from these issues, the critical metaphor of the fictional instant takes place. The critical readings used as operators have been guided by the notions of the fragment (romantic), and Event which is related to the conceptual pair Cronos / Aeon Deleuzian

This paper proposes an introduction to the Kierkegaardian relation between freedom and truth. In order to do this, mainly paying attention to his Philosophical Fragments, it begins with the Socratic problem of acquiring truth. After this, it focuses on truth as the fruit of God’s free love, whence emerges the topic of freedom. Finally, this theme leads to the Kierkegaardian account of becoming, and specifically to the relation between possibility and reality. Throughout this exposition, the central concept that articulates this itinerary is the “instant”, understanding it as the point of convergence between the eternal and the temporal, stressing the paradox therein. / El texto propone una aproximación introductoria a la relación entre libertad y verdad. Para lograr esto seguirá una ruta, amparada fundamentalmente en el texto de Kierkegaard Migajas filosóficas, que comenzará con el problema socrático en torno a la adquisición de la verdad, pasando a considerar la dación de la verdad fruto del amor gratuito de Dios, desde el cual habrá de emerger el tema de la libertad que, por último, terminará por conducirnos a la explicación kierkegaardiana del devenir y, específicamente, al tema de la relación entre posibilidad y realidad. En esta exposición, el concepto que procurará articular todo nuestro recorrido será el de instante, entendiendo este como punto de confluencia entre lo eterno y lo temporal y resaltando la paradoja aquí implicada.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-03-24T21:33:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando da Silva Machado - 2017.pdf: 1415487 bytes, checksum: 7450a49c43c82c2ab9051b3e739079ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-28T11:39:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando da Silva Machado - 2017.pdf: 1415487 bytes, checksum: 7450a49c43c82c2ab9051b3e739079ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T11:39:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando da Silva Machado - 2017.pdf: 1415487 bytes, checksum: 7450a49c43c82c2ab9051b3e739079ef (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Cette présente dissertation a pour but de montrer comment Bachelard élabore la notion de vie dans sa philosophie à travers une réflexion sur le probléme philosophique du temps et les notions d'instant et de durée. En pensant l'instant discontinu et en l'associant à d'autres concepts présents dans ses écrits, tant épistémologiques que poétiques, nous montrerons comment est atteint le présupposé théorique de complémentarité entre les deux aspects de la pensée de Bachelard. Nous soulignerons également que, dans sa métaphysique, l'être de l'homme cherche sa référence autosynchronique à travers de l'expérience discontinue de l'instant véritablement dynamique où le temps ne coule pas, mais jaillit. Le livre L'intuition de l'instant (1932), oeuvre consacrée à cette réflexion métaphysique sur le temps aboutir, quatre ans plus tard à La dialectique de la durée (1936), oeuvre qui, quant à elle, en définissant le concept de durée à partir des différentes temporalités superposées qui constituent l'existence, tous le doux présent les bases d'une philosophie du repos et sont les références privilégiées de cette étude. Il est inutile de rappeler l'importance de la philosophie de Bergson dans cette discussion: c'est en contrecarrant ses théses, tant sur la vie que sur la durée, que Bachelard allait forger sa propre compréhension du concept de vie dans ses deux écrits sur le temps par une opposition entre le concept de la vie vécue (limitée au temps commum/temps transitif) et la vie pensée (limitée au temps de l'esprit/temps immanent). Nous partons de l'hypothése selon laquelle c'est parce que l'esprit peut se heurter à la vie vulgaire et homogéne que la vie supérieure, c'est-à-dire du propre esprit, doit être comprise dans cette philosophie comme une construction rationnelle basée sur une dialectique pluraliste des savoirs sur le temps. Pour conclure ce travail, nous essaierons d'indiquer quelques points relatifs à la valorisation de la vie dans la pensée bachelardienne qui la rend rythmiquement variée et harmonique. / O objetivo da presente dissertação é mostrar como Bachelard edifica a noção de vida em sua filosofia por meio de uma reflexão sobre o problema filosófico do tempo e das noções de instante e duração. Ao refletirmos sobre o instante descontínuo associando-o a outros conceitos que perpassam seus escritos, tanto epistemológicos, quanto poéticos, estabeleceremos de que maneira o pressuposto teórico de complementariedade entre as duas vertentes de seu pensamento é alcançado. Destacaremos também que em sua metafísica o ser do homem busca sua referência autosincrônica por meio da experiência descontínua do instante verdadeiramente dinâmico, onde o tempo não corre, jorra. O livro A intuição do instante (1932), obra dedicada a esta reflexão metafísica sobre o tempo conflui, quatro anos mais tarde, para A dialética da duração (1936), obra que, por sua vez, define o conceito de duração a partir das várias temporalidades superpostas constitutivas da própria existência, ambas apresentam os fundamentos de uma filosofia do repouso e são as referências privilegiadas deste estudo. Não é necessário ressaltar a importância da filosofia de Henri Bergson nesta discussão: é a partir de um contraponto com suas teses, tanto sobre a vida como sobre a duração, que Bachelard irá forjar sua própria compreensão do conceito de vida por meio de uma oposição que é sublinhada ao longo de suas duas obras temporais, ou seja, entre vida vivida (circunscrita ao tempo comum/tempo transitivo) e vida pensada (circunscrita ao tempo do espírito/tempo imanente). Partimos da hipótese de que é porque o espírito pode chocar-se com a vida vulgar, escorregadia e homogênea que a vida superior, ou seja, do próprio espírito, deve ser entendida nesta filosofia como sendo uma construção racional apoiada em uma dialética pluralista de saberes sobre o tempo. No final deste trabalho tentaremos esboçar alguns apontamentos relativos à valorização da vida pelo pensamento bachelardiano que a torna ritmicamente variada e harmônica.

[pt] O novo permeia a filosofia heideggeriana, no horizonte de seu questionamento filosófico como um todo. Isso se mostra desde seus estudos sobre o tempo kairológico numa fenomenologia da religião, na interpretação da phronesis aristotélica como compreensão do a cada vez da vida fáctica, na abordagem da abissalidade da existência humana em Ser e tempo, no pensamento cada vez mais voltado à noção de origem, na possibilidade de instauração de um outro começo não-metafísico com o acontecimento- apropriador nas Contribuições para a Filosofia, dentre vários tópicos pensados por Heidegger. Na medida em que o ser se encobre, no mais das vezes, esses temas estão relacionados com a concepção da verdade como uma irrupção do ser, um acontecimento que se dá ao mesmo passo de uma incisividade temporal. Apesar de ser possível a verificação de diversas formas de abordagem da questão do ser no percurso do pensamento heideggeriano, há um modo de se pensar o novo que se mantém subjacente a todas elas, muito embora, de uma maneira velada. O novo ocorre como abismo inaugurador na incisividade do instante, repetindo e antecipando o possível que permaneceu retraído metafisicamente, isto é, trata-se da tarefa de se recuperar o originário num salto apropriador, de modo que o mais antigo que o antigo possa se manifestar como novo. / [en] The new overpasses the Heideggerian philosophy, in the horizon of its philosophical questioning, as a whole. This shows itself since its studies about the time of Kairos in the Phenomenology of Religion, in the interpretation of the Aristotelian phronesis as understanding of the each time of the factical life, in the approaching of the abyssal character of the human existence in Being and time, in the thought concerned to the notion of origin, in the possibility of instauration of another start in a non-Metaphysical way, with the Ereignis in Contributions to Philosophy, to list few of the several topics that Heidegger developed. From the starting point that being hides itself mostly, these subjects are related with the conception of the truth as an irruption of the Being, an event that occurs through an incisive time. There are many ways for which Heidegger approached the question of Being, but there is one way of thinking the new that remains underlying to all of them, much even so, in a guarded way. The new occurs as an inaugurating abyss in the incisive instant, repeating and anticipating the possibility that remained reserved in the Metaphysics; the task consists of a retrieval of the originary in an appropriation of a leap, so that the oldest one than the old one can be disclosed as the new.

Digital evidence is becoming more and more frequent and important in investigations carried out by the police. To make the correct judgements, the police force needs to know what one can do with ICQ and in what ways it can be exploited. This thesis aims to point out weaknesses in ICQ that can aid the police in their work. But these weaknesses can not only be used by the police, also crackers can perform malicious acts with them. Therefore, I investigated if the use of ICQ resulted in non-secure sessions. To investigate ICQ’s security, I divided a session into an authentication phase, sending of messages, and the protection of stored messages in a history file. While investigating ICQ, I sniffed its Internet traffic and monitored files on the computer’s hard drive with MD5 checksums. I have investigated the following three ICQ applications: ICQ Pro 2003a, ICQ2Go and the Linux clone Licq. The result of the entire investigation showed that ICQ had a non-secured authentication phase, non-secured messages and no protection for stored messages. From these results the main conclusion was derived: The use of ICQ resulted in non-secure instant messaging sessions. Your ICQ account can be hijacked and another person can impersonate you and send messages that you dislike. Also, your messages can be intercepted on the Internet and their content can be read. If your computer is compromised, all your previous messages on ICQ Pro 2003a and Licq can be read. / Martin Kling Fältv 17 SE-291 39 Kristianstad martinkling@hotmail.com 0733691999

Opera är främst en webbläsare, men innehåller även klienter för bl.a. mail och chat. Innan den här rapporten skrevs saknades dock en klient för instant messaging-protokollet Jabber. Denna rapport beskriver arbetsgången och resultatet av utvecklandet av en Jabberklient till Opera. Eftersom det inte fanns nog med tid att utveckla en fullfjädrad Jabberklient beslutades det att målet skulle vara ett s.k. ”proof of concept”. Kraven sattes till grundläggande instant messagingfunktionalitet, som närvarostatushantering och möjlighet att skicka och ta emot meddelanden. Målet uppfylldes och resultatet blev en Jabberklient med grundläggande funktionalitet. I enlighet med direktiven lades relativt lite fokus på gränssnittet. Klienten har kända brister och användarvänligheten går att öka. Resultatet skulle kunna utgöra grunden för en komplett Jabberklient. Kvar att göra är att förbättra gränssnittet för att matcha resten av Opera i användbarhet. Alla krav i Jabberspecifikationen bör också uppfyllas, speciellt eftersom företaget är stolt över att Opera följer standarder väl1. För att inte vara sämre rustad än andra Jabberklienter bör även extra funktionalitet läggas till, såsom samtalshistorik, filöverföring och möjligheten att använda andra instant messaging-protokoll via Jabberkontot. / Opera is first and foremost a web browser, but it also has e-mail and chat clients. Before this thesis was written however, it did not have a client for the instant messaging protocol Jabber. This thesis describes the workflow and the results of the development of a Jabber client for Opera. Since there wasn’t enough time to develop a full-featured Jabber client, it was decided that the goal would be a proof of concept. The requirements were basic instant messaging functionality, which means the proper handling of presence information and the ability to send and receive instant messages. The goal was achieved and the result was a Jabber client with basic functionality. In accordance with the directives, the user interface was not a primary focus. The client has known flaws and the usability is not as good as it could be. The result could be used as the foundation of a releasable Jabber client. One of the things left to do is to improve the user interface so it matches the usability of the rest of Opera. All the requirements of the Jabber specification should also be fulfilled, especially since the company takes pride in the standards compliance of Opera2. In order to match the features of other Jabber clients, extra functionality should be added as well. Some examples would be message history, file transfer and the ability to use other instant messaging protocols through the Jabber account.

Dans le séchage des fruits et légumes, beaucoup de questions non résolues subsistent. Le «Swell-drying» est un procédé de séchage couplant une étape de déshydratation par air chaud à la texturation par Détente Instantanée Contrôlée (DIC). Dans le cadre de ce travail de recherche, la carotte et la pomme sont utilisées comme aliment modèle pour le traitement de la plupart des végétaux. La littérature scientifique sur le séchage des agromatériaux est unanime sur l’effet positif de la température de l'air, l’effet négatif de l'humidité relative de l'air et de l'épaisseur vis-à-vis du temps de séchage. Cependant, malgré un nombre important d’études, des conclusions contradictoires sont notées en termes de corrélations entre la cinétique de séchage et la vitesse de l'air qui, selon certains auteurs, n’entraîne aucune modification du séchage; alors que certains travaux ont tenté d'établir des modèles empiriques entre la diffusivité effective et la vitesse de l'air ; ce qui est fondamentalement erroné. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les phénomènes de transfert pendant le processus du séchage et d'identifier le phénomène limitant entre les transferts internes et externes. Ce travail aboutir à l’identification de la vitesse critique de l'air CAV capable de rendre la diffusion interne de l’eau comme phénomène limitant. La CAV doit donc dépendre de la diffusivité effective et de la taille du produit. À partir de résultats expérimentaux qui couvrent de larges plages de température d’air, de teneur en eau, et de taux d'expansion absolu, un modèle empirique a été établi. / Great research works support the sector of drying of fruits and vegetables in a number of ways. Each year, experimental results and mathematical modelling try through conventional and innovative technological processes to protect agricultural products from seasonality and variability in the market prices. Nonetheless, there still exist considerable issues to improve and control this strategic agricultural sector. Swell-drying is very relevant drying process coupling hot air dehydration with Instant Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC). In the present work, carrot and apple were used as a fruit and vegetable model. Scientific literature on drying is unanimous that the drying time decreases with increasing air temperature, decreasing air relative humidity, and reducing thickness. However, the effect of airflow velocity leads to contradictory conclusions. Some authors have claimed that it does not trigger any modification of drying; while some articles tried to establish empirical models of the effective diffusivity versus airflow velocity; what is fundamentally erroneous. This thesis aims at analyzing external and internal transfer phenomena during drying. So, it was possible to recognize the Critical Airflow Velocity CAV depending on the effective diffusivity and the product size, to have the internal water transfer as the limiting phenomenon. From experimental results, an empirical model was established between the effective moisture diffusivity and airflow temperature, water content, and absolute expansion ratio.

RSS is a format for easy information sharing between computers. A RSS-file, also known as a feed or a channel, consist of a list of items. The items are structured with XML-tags and have to be processed in some way before it can be read. RSS¬readers, web-browsers with RSS support and e-mail-clients with RSS support can be used to display the feed. This thesis is focused to investigate if RSS can be used within an enterprise for internal communication. We look at different computer based communication tools that are available today and compare them with RSS. All the different tools has there advantages as well as disadvantages, we have tried to find out if there is room for one more information channel within an enterprise. Our study shows that RSS is not suitable as a stand alone solution for internal combination. RSS main strengths lies in mass information that has to be pushed out in one direction.