Le développement des tiers-lieux de travail sous la forme de télécentres depuis 2005 interroge les effets des politiques publiques en matière de TIC et de télétravail sur les territoires ruraux français. La thèse analyse ces dispositifs publics en interaction avec leurs dynamiques territoriales d’ancrages et leurs effets en matière de différenciation spatiale et de mobilités. Deux axes de recherche sont ainsi développés : d’une part, l’influence de la gouvernance d’un dispositif public multiniveau sur la structuration de l’offre et les usages les non-usages des télécentres en lien avec les stratégies des utilisateurs potentiels, d’autre part. Ils renvoient tous deux à une problématique méthodologique commune, à savoir la prise en compte des interactions entre un « dispositif socio-technique » centré sur les TIC et sa dynamique territoriale d’ancrage. L’approche systémique est mobilisée dans le but d’appréhender la complexité du phénomène via l’analyse des stratégies d’acteurs et l’imbrication de leurs actions à différentes échelles spatiales. La méthodologie développée combine des entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs de l’offre, comportant des questions fermées sur les caractéristiques techniques des dispositifs, des enquêtes en ligne et des entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’utilisateurs potentiels, et l’étude de données sur les caractéristiques du terrain d’expérimentation : le Cantal, à savoir un territoire rural et semi-montagneux du Massif central, et son réseau de dix télécentres. Les résultats révèlent une gouvernance multiniveau de l’offre qui produit deux modèles de dispositifs en lien avec le positionnement stratégique des acteurs locaux, et des usages et des non-usages liés aux stratégies des utilisateurs potentiels. Les effets induits, attendus ou imprévus par les politiques publiques sont dépendants de certaines conditions liées à l’offre, aux usages, à la dynamique du type de territoire considéré, mais aussi à des facteurs exogènes au système spatial. À partir de ces analyses, des préconisations sont émises à destination des acteurs publics. / The development of third-place in the form of telework centres since 2005 questions the effects of public policies of ICTs and telework on French rural areas. The thesis analyzes these public systems interacting with their territorial dynamics of anchors and their effects on spatial differentiation and mobility. Two research focus are developed: first, the influence of the governance of a multilevel public system on the structuring of the supply and, then, uses and non-use of telework centres related to the strategies of potential users. They both refer to a common methodological problem, i.e. taking into account the interactions between a "socio-technical system" centered on ICTs and its territorial dynamic positioning. The systemic approach is mobilized in order to understand the complexity of the phenomenon by analyzing the players' strategies and overlapping of their actions at different spatial scales. The developed methodology combines semi-structured interviews with actors of the offer and online survey and semi-structured interviews with potential users, and study data on the characteristics of the testing ground: Cantal, in this case a rural area and semi-mountainous, Massif Central, and its network of ten telework centres. The results reveal a multi-level governance of the offer which produces two models of systems related to the strategic positioning of local actors, and uses and non-uses related to potential users strategies. Induced, anticipated or unanticipated effects by public policies are dependent on certain conditions relating to the offer, practices, to the dynamics of territory in type but also to exogenous factors to the space system. From these analyzes, recommendations are issued to public actors.

There has been much enthusiasm over the power of online brand communities (OBCs). Ensuring that OBCs achieve their potential, however, is a challenge. Adopting the view that an OBC is a social entity at its core, this study examines consumers’ perceptions of OBCs and how consumers manage the continuous tension between social-related and brand-related aspects of OBCs through brand-related and non-brand-related social practices. The researcher took a symbolic interactionist approach and qualitative data were collected using ethnography and in-depth interviews from OBC participants in South Korea. The study was divided into two phases: the exploratory phase and the main study. In the first stage the researcher inspected OBCs and focused on understanding the social context by investigating four OBCs in the fashion and digital camera categories. Evidence of an OBC as a virtual third place (VTP) in the consumer’s mind was revealed. A typology was developed and social practices were revealed and defined. In the main study the researcher developed the framework of brand meaning negotiation and revealed how consumers symbolically interact and negotiate brand meaning through social practices. The tension between social-related and the brand-related aspects during this process was illustrated. The key contributions of this research are as follows. Firstly, the study reveals that an OBC has a strong VTP quality, whereby consumers hate to leave. Second, the study extends our understanding of an OBC by categorising consumers’ different perceptions of OBCs according to their attachment to the brand, the OBC and other participants. Third, the study reveals underlying social practices within OBCs that show the characteristics of a collectivistic culture. The study also fills the research gap by examining the brand meaning negotiation process and suggesting a framework that shows how underlying practices link brand and social-related aspects of an OBC together, which was formerly a “black box”. Lastly, it demonstrates that social bonds, regardless of their importance for making an OBC thrive, can be a double-edged sword and should be balanced carefully with brand-related practice.

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This project originated from the question of “whatis the intersection between architecture andmobility in the future urban landscape? ”Mobility and architecture are two seperate fieldscontinously evolving in parallel, yet they exist ina very symbiotic relationship with one another. Mobility influences urban planning and urbanplanning influences mobility. So to understand the future of mobility, it isessential that we try to understand the future ofthe context mobility will reside in. Globally our cities are growing, the density keepsincreasing and people’s living space is becomingsmaller. To sustain the ongoing growth citieswill have to expand by focusing on dynamicarchitecture, such as pre-fabricated homes thatare smaller and quicker to set up. The aim of this project is to rethink what mobilityand especially the car as we know today can provideto us besides transportation. In recent years newtechnologies and developments have proved thatfuture of the car will go beyond explusively beinga means of transport, but also a mobile space fornew experiences and use cases. The image of thecar as we know could be redrawn.This project takes its foundation in the futureurban landscape of Copenhagen. Although afictional setting, the context is build on researchand masterplans for Copenhagen and other citiescarried out by several architecture firms. Amongthem noticeably JAJA Architects’ masterplanwhich reimagines the old “five-finger-plan” forCopenhagen where a more democratic and slowertraffic structure is implemented. Copenhagen-based studio SPACE10’s “Spaces on Wheels”and Toyota and BIG’s “Woven City” also servedas a benchmark in regards to how vehicles willbecome moving spaces as an extentions of thecity architecture.The process for the development of the projectincluded research into emerging technologieswithin mobility, a look into the future urban setting,and the complexities of living there as a youngfamily. Site visits and talks with young parents gaveinsights into the home space and the experiencesthat goes on in there.The design exploration was carried out throughanalogue and digital sketching, technicalpackaging and feasibility studies as well asscenario-mapping and brainstorm sessions. The project was strongly inspired by NIO’sdesign language and principles of Pure, Human,Progressive and Sophisticated. Also Scandinaviandesign played an important role in the designfunctionality and aesthetic. The result is NIO Homi, a fully autonomous smallfootprint car that works as an extension to thehome by providing the family with a space forwork, play and relaxation as well as a means oftransportation.

Alltmer tid spenderas i våra närmiljöer samtidigt som den sociala isoleringen ökar i samhället, och det har negativa effekter på hälsan. Närmiljön har därför stor inverkan på vår livsmiljö, där gestaltningen blir avgörande för att främja ett levande stadsrum. Denna studie undersöker det levande stadsrummet genom en fallstudie på Ebbepark i Linköpings kommun och med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer och dokumentanalyser. Resultatet visar att byggherrarna har en hög ambitionsnivå vad gäller gestaltningen där kommunen har ett övergripande ansvar att se till kommunens helhetsbehov. Slutsatsen som dras är att den höga ambitionen inte kunnat realiseras. Det kan förklaras av ekonomiska intressen samt bristande regleringar. Regleringarna kan komma att bli striktare för att säkerställa goda livsmiljöer. / The citizens are spending more time in our local environment meanwhile social isolation increases in our society which has a negative impact on our well-beeing. The local environment therefore has a major impact on the living environment, where the urban form becomes decisive in promoting a living urban space. The study examines the concept of life between buildings in a case study of Ebbepark, in the municipality Linköping, using qualitative interviews and document analysis. The result indicates that the developers have a high ambition in the urban form and where the municipality has a comprehensive responsibility to accommodate the society's needs. The conclusion is that the high ambition could not be executed. The explanation of this can be, financial interests and absences of regulations, which may become stricter to ensure quality living environments.

Der Artikel untersucht einen Werbespot von David Lynch für die Playstation 2 und ordnet ihn in das Universum der Lynch’schen Texte, das Lynchville, ein. Zunächst werden dazu einige regelmäßig wiederkehrende Motive aus dem Werk Lynchs vorgestellt. Es folgt eine eingehende Analyse des Werbespots, in der zahlreiche Parallelen zu den bekannten Filmen des Œuvres aufgezeigt werden. Abschließend wird kurz der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern der Begriff „auteur“ in dieser wohl kommerziellsten aller filmischen Ausdrucksformen überhaupt anwendbar ist. Der Artikel kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass es Lynch in diesem Werbespot gelingt, eine persönliche Visiondurchscheinen zu lassen – und dass die Karte des Lynchville deshalb um einen neuen Ort ergänzt werden muss. / The article analyzes a television-commercial, which David Lynch shot for the launch of Playstation 2. It tries to introduce that commercial into the universe of well known Lynch-Movies, the Lynchville. At first, some of the recurrent motives in Lynch’s work will be discussed. Then the commercial will be analyzed, especially regarding any parallels to Lynch’s Œuvre. Finally, the question will shortly be discussed whether in this most commercial form of filmmaking the term “auteur” can still apply. The article comes to the conclusion, that Lynch succeeds in maintaining his personal vision – and that therefore the map of Lynchville has to be expanded.

The development of technology has created many platforms for entertainment, participatorycommunities and socialization online. One of the largest current platforms for live streamingis Twitch.tv with a focus on gaming and eSports. This is a male-dominated field wherewomen often face harassment and a non-welcoming community. This paper is a qualitativestudy of the negative communication towards female streamers on Twitch with a focus onthe context in which said communication takes place. The aim of the study is to understandthe circumstances in which negative communication occurs and how it changes dependingon context. The study takes a qualitative approach and analyses the content of six streamsfrom five different channels, as well the negative communication in their chat room. Theresults show that negative communication varies depending on the content as well as thenature of the community built around the channel.

Washington D.C. has been ranked third among U.S. cities in terms of its percentage of youth who have reported a severe major depressive episode. Depression, stress, anxiety are the uninvited visitors of our day-to-day urban living. Most of the time we ignore our mental health unless we reach the threshold. We know nature is the best healer. The District also has reported the highest percentage of parkland but this statistic is not helping regarding Healing and Wellness. There might be a missing piece of the puzzle to reconnect with nature. To dive deep into the missing piece, I have looked back to the basics, into the four elements of the planet, Earth, Water, Air, and Fire. This thesis is an exploration of the most important natural element, Water, along with the other three elements, as active participants in our everyday urban life, not only as a means of reconnecting with nature but also aiding with natural healing to our depressed, tired soul. As with many other older cities, Washington D.C. mostly depends on the combined storm and sanitary sewer. During heavy rainfall, stormwater overflows the capacity of the sewage system and empties into the river with sewage. But there is an opportunity for the stormwater to be treated and reused at the site. Rainwater along with tapped groundwater as the perennial flow will be considered as the source of healing water in the dense downtown context of the District. The thesis will tell the story of the arrival of Water into the middle of the city. Water will be examined in all its forms and integrated with the Third Place, where the young working generation can come in the middle of the working day to catch a lunch break or after office rush hour to relax their stressed nerves and heal their inner soul. This design for a community learning center at First Street NE in NoMA neighborhood, Washington D.C. is an effort to trace the path of the long-lost Tiber Creek and to provide the inhabitants with a for Water and growth. / Master of Architecture / Washington D.C. has been ranked third among U.S. cities in terms of its percentage of youth who have reported a severe major depressive episode. Depression, stress, anxiety are the uninvited visitors of our day-to-day city life. Most of the time we ignore our mental health unless we reach the threshold. We know nature is the best healer. The District also has reported the highest percentage of the green area but maybe only the "Green" is not enough for healing. To dive deep into the missing piece of the puzzle, I have walked back to the basics, looking into the four elements of the planet, Earth, Water, Air, and Fire. This thesis is an exploration of the most important natural element, Water, along with the other three elements, in architecture and urban design, not only as a means of reconnecting with nature but also aiding with natural healing to our depressed, tired soul. As with many other older cities, Washington D.C. mostly depends on the combined storm and sanitary sewer. During heavy rainfall, stormwater overflows the capacity of the sewage system and empties into the river with sewage. In this research, rainwater is considered as the source of healing water in the dense downtown context of the District. This thesis also examined tapping groundwater and bring it to the city street level. The thesis will tell the story of the arrival of Water into the middle of the city. This design for a community learning center at First Street NE in NoMA neighborhood, Washington D.C. is an effort to trace the path of the long-lost Tiber Creek and to provide the inhabitants with a place for Water and growth.

No description available.

Depuis une dizaine d’années, le modèle de l’innovation ouverte théorisé par Henry W. Chesbrough se diffuse dans les sphères universitaires, praticiennes et politiques. Défini au début des années 2000, ce modèle décrit l’innovation comme le fruit de pratiques d’ouverture des frontières des firmes pour capter des ressources externes afin d’accélérer l’innovation interne d’une part (innovation entrante), et laisser des connaissances internes trouver un usage d’innovation externe d’autre part (innovation sortante). En France, les pouvoirs publics se sont saisis progressivement de ce modèle en promouvant des dispositifs de « clustering » à l’instar de la politique des pôles de compétitivité. Plus récemment, des nouveaux acteurs et des nouveaux espaces dédiés à l’innovation ouverte se développent comme les tiers-lieux (les espaces de « coworking », les « livinglabs », « Fablabs », les incubateurs, les accélérateurs). Le modèle de l’open innovation se diffuse et chaque acteur, du particulier au grand groupe, en passant par les laboratoires de recherche et les universités, est convié à entrer dans ces nouveaux cadres de coopération pour l’innovation.Si le modèle améliore la compréhension de la complexité du modèle de l’innovation en traduisant son caractère collectif et itératif, il est plus difficile d’en apprécier les incidences sur l’organisation interne de l’entreprise et notamment sur ses ressources humaines. Or, celles-ci sont au cœur du processus d’innovation ouverte, elles en sont même le premier levier. L’innovation ouverte est le fruit de communautés de travailleurs qui se constituent et agissent hors du cadre strict de l’entreprise.Notre thèse contribue à compléter le modèle de l’innovation ouverte en s’intéressant à ses impacts sur la gestion des ressources humaines. L’innovation ouverte confronte la gestion des ressources humaines des entreprises à un paradoxe : comment gérer des ressources humaines qui dépassent les frontières de la firme ? Grâce à une recherche-intervention menée dans le cadre d’une thèse en convention CIFRE, nous étudions les pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines mises en œuvre dans le contexte de projets innovants collaboratifs menés dans des pôles de compétitivité. Nos analyses permettent d’identifier les impacts de l’innovation ouverte sur l’organisation du travail, le management, la gestion des emplois et des compétences. Nos travaux montrent que si les impacts de l’innovation ouverte sur ces champs sont réels, les pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines des firmes peinent à s’adapter à ce nouveau contexte. Notre thèse analyse des dispositifs pouvant apporter des solutions aux situations de travail nouvelles créées par l’open innovation. / During the last decade, the open innovation model from Henry W. Chesbrough spread within academic, managerial and political spheres. Defined in the early 2000s, this model describes innovation as the result of the opening of firm’s boundaries to capture external resources and accelerate internal innovation (outside-in) on the one hand, and allow internal knowledge find an external use (inside-out) on the other hand.In France, public authorities progressively seized the « open innovation » model through « clustering » policies, like competitiveness clusters. More recently new actors and new spaces dedicated to open innovation are promoting themselves as third-places (coworking spaces, Livinglabs, Fablabs, business incubators, accelerators). Open innovation is spreading and each actor, from private individual to the largest companies, including research labs and universities, is invited to participate in these new innovation and cooperation frames. Even though the model displays a good understanding of the innovation model complexity, with its collective and iterative nature, it is hard to apprehend its impact on the firm’s internal organization, especially from a human resource perspective. Yet these impacts are at the core of the open innovation process, and even its first lever. Open innovation is the result of communities of workers who form and act out of the strict company frame.This thesis is contributing to the fulfillment of the open innovation model through a focus on its impact on the human resource management. Open innovation confronts human resource management of companies to a paradox: how to manage human resources beyond the boundaries of the firm? Thanks to intervention-research carried out within the frame of a CIFRE industrial research agreement, we study human resource management practices, implemented in the context of collaborative innovative projects in competitiveness clusters. Our analyses identify the impacts of open innovation on work organizations, people, skills and staff management. Our work shows the real impact of open innovation on these fields and also proves that firms labor to adapt those human resource management practices in this new context. Our thesis analyses possible arrangements which brings solutions to the new work situations resulting from open innovation.