The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of instruction based on 5E learning cycle model (LCI) compared to Traditional Instruction (TI) and gender on 11th grade students&rsquo / understanding of solubility equilibrium concept, students&rsquo / perceived motivation, use of learning strategies, and attitudes towards chemistry. There were 53 students in the experimental group instructed by the LCI and 56 students in the control group instructed by the TI. Solution Concept Test and Science Process Skills Test were administered to students in both groups as a pre-test. Attitude Scale towards Chemistry and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire were given to students in both groups before and after the treatment. Moreover, Solubility Equilibrium Concept Test was administered to both groups as a post-test and retention test two months after treatment. Treatment implementation continued for seven weeks. After the instruction, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six students from experimental group and six students from control group. Data were analyzed by using MANCOVA. The results revealed that LCI was more effective than the TI on students&rsquo / understanding and retention of the solubility equilibrium concepts. In addition, LCI improved students&rsquo / attitudes towards chemistry, intrinsic goal orientation, task value, self-efficacy for learning and performance, rehearsal, elaboration, organization, critical thinking, metacognitive self-regulation, time and study environment, and peer learning. Moreover, females found as more positive towards chemistry and better organization and help seeking. Furthermore, interview results indicated that students in experimental group demonstrated better scientific understanding of solubility equilibrium concepts compared to those in control group.

<p>Mäns hot och våld mot kvinnor är ett allvarligt samhällsproblem. Syftet med studien var att utifrån aktuell forskning belysa faktorer som har betydelse i mötet mellan vårdpersonal och den våldsutsatta kvinnan. Metoden som har användts var en litteraturöversikt. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna Cinahl, Medline, HighWire press, samt psyk INFO. Resultatet består av 12 vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade mellan 1996-2007 . Analysen av materialet resulterade i ett antal områden.  Dessa områden är attityder och fördomar i vårdmötet, bemötande, miljöfaktorer, utbildning och screeningprogrammens betydelse, ekonomins betydelse, samarbete mellan olika yrkesgrupper, kunskap och rädsla. Det framkom i resultatet att mer utbildning av personalen är önskvärt, för att alla parter ska känna sig trygga i mötet. Genom att belysa områdena kan arbetet inom vården påbörjas för att decimera de negativa och understödja de positiva faktorerna. Resultatet talar för att undervisning om bemötande av våldsutsatta kvinnor bör ingå i utbildning för all vårdpersonal.</p> / <p>Men's threats and violence against women is a serious social problem. The aim of the study was to, based on current research, find and highlight factors of importance in the meeting between health professionals and the vulnerable woman. Method that was used was a literature review. Scientific articles sought in the databases Cinahl, Medline, High Wire Press, and psych INFO. The result consists of 12 scientific articles published between the years of 1996-2007. The analysis of the material resulted in a number of areas. These areas are the attitudes and prejudices in the health care meeting, treatment, environmental, education and screening programs, importance, economic importance, cooperation between different professions, knowledge and fear. It appeared in the result that for everyone to feel safe in the meeting, more professional training of staff members was to be desirable. By highlighting these areas the work in health care can begin to decrease the negative factors and support the positive ones. The results suggest that education concerning the response to women exposed to domestic violence should be included in all training of health professionals.</p>

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18965号 / 工博第4007号 / 新制||工||1617 / 31916 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 藤井 聡, 准教授 SCHMOECKER,JAN-DirK, 准教授 神田 佑亮 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

Syfte: Syftet med undersökningen var att beskriva vad som formar ungdomars attityd till rökning. Metod: Sex kvalitativa intervjuer genomförds med ungdomar i åldern 14-15 år. Kategorier utarbetades genom analys av intervjuutskrifterna. Resultat: Det framkom att ungdomarnas attityd formas dels av yttre faktorer som närståendes rökvanor och dels av inre faktorer som nyfikenhet. Ungdomarna ansåg även att om cigaretter varit så ohälsosamma som det påstås så hade de varken tillverkats eller sålts. Ungdomarna beskrev rökare med ord som tuffa och coola. Konklusion: Resultatet antyder att ungdomarnas attityd till rökning formas dels av vännernas uppfattningar och dels av föräldrarnas attityd. Ungdomar lever i nuet och väger därför inte in hälsoriskerna i sitt beslut att röka. Implikation: Informera föräldrarna att ha en hårdare attityd emot tobak. Skapa ett informationsmaterial som förklarar varför det är politiskt svårt att förbjuda tobaksprodukter. Ytterligare forskning behövs om hur föräldrars rökvanor påverkar ungdomars attityd till rökning. / Objective: The aim of our study was to describe how young people's attitudes towards smoking emerge. Method: Six qualitative interviews were conducted with adolescents aged 14-15. Categories were developed through an analysis of interview transcripts. Results: It was found that young people's attitude is shaped partly by external factors such as smoking habits by related parties and partly by internal factors such as curiosity. Young people also felt that if cigarettes were as unhealthy as it is claimed they had neither manufactured nor sold. Young people described the smokers with words like tough and cool. Conclusion: Young people's attitude to smoking is shaped partly by their friends’ views and partly by their parents' attitude. Young people are living in the moment and therefore they do not consider the health risks when deciding to start smoking. Implication: Inform the parents that they should have a tough stance against tobacco. Create information material which explains why it is politically difficult to ban tobacco products. Further research is needed on how parents' smoking habits affect young people's attitudes to smoking.

No description available.

Susidomėjimas sporto psichologija Lietuvoje pastaraisiais metais auga, tačiau dauguma žmonių vis dar nesupranta, kas ištikrųjų yra sporto psichologija ir kokią reikšmę ji turi sportininkams. Todėl psichologinė pagalba yra viena iš silpniausi�� sportininkų rengimo grandžių. Treneriai nors ir skiria šiai pagalbai dėmesį, dažniausiai atlieka tai daugiau intuityviai ir svarbiausia – nesistemingai. Tuo tarpu, sportininkai tenkinasi tuo, ką jiems suteikia treneriai, o patys retai kreipiasi į sporto psichologus. Todėl labai svarbu išsiaiškinti, koks pačių sportininkų požiūris į sporto psichologiją, sporto psichologo konsultacijų naudingumą ir veiksmingumą. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti sportuojančių studentų požiūrį į sporto psichologiją. Tyrimo objektas – sportuojančių studentų požiūris į sporto psichologiją. Taikant S. B. Martin Nuostatų į sporto psichologiją (patikslinta forma) metodiką, apklausti 126 sportininkai, dalyvavę 2006 metais Estijoje vykusiose SELL studentų žaidynėse. Iš 126 sportininkų, 24 buvo iš Suomijos, 24 iš Estijos, 38 iš Latvijos ir 40 iš Lietuvos; 83 vyrai ir 43 moterys. Siekdami įvertinti sportuojančių studentų požiūrį į sporto psichologiją, nustatėme studentų tolerantiškumo lygį sporto psichologijos atžvilgiu, pasitikėjimą sporto psichologu, asmenino atvirumo lygį ir požiūrį į kitos etninės kilmės, kultūros ar rasės žmones, ir ar šiuos kintamuosius įtakoja studentų lytis, tautiškumas, išsilavinimas, pagrindinė domėjimosi sritis, sporto šaka bei ankstesnės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Interest in sports psychology has been growing in Lithuania in recent years. However, most people still do not understand what sports psychology is and its significance to sportsmen. Therefore, psychological support is not considered important in preparing sportsmen. Although trainers do provide the psychological support, they usually do it intuitively and irregularly. Meanwhile the sportsmen accept their trainers’ support and rarely seek for help of sports psychologists. Thus, it is important to find out an attitude of the sportsmen themselves towards sports psychology and efficiency and usefulness of consultations provided by the sports psychologist. The aim of this research is to find out the attitude of student sportsmen towards the sports psychology. The object of the research is the attitude of student sportsmen towards the sports psychology. Basing on the S. B. Martin methodology of the Provisions of Sports Psychology (the specified form) 126 sportsmen who participated in the SELL Student Games 2006 in Estonia were interviewed. 24 participants were from Finland, 24 from Estonia, 38 from Latvia and 40 from Lithuania; 83 men and 43 women. In order to estimate the attitude of the student sportsmen, we found out the level of tolerance in respect of the sports psychology, reliance on the sports psychologist, the level of personal openness and the attitude towards people of other ethnic groups, culture and race. We also found out whether sex, nationality, education, the... [to full text]

Darbe aptariama kūrybiškumo samprata, kūrybiškumą lemiantys ir skatinantys veiksniai bei plėtotės būdai, mokinių požiūris į kūrybiškumo ugdymą muzikos pamokose. Baigiamojo darbo tikslas – ištirti mokinių požiūrį į kūrybiškumo plėtotės galimybes muzikiniame ugdyme. Darbo tikslui pasiekti iškelti šie uždaviniai: atskleisti kūrybiškumo sampratą ir jo svarbą šiandieninėje visuomenėje; išaiškinti, kas būdinga kūrybingiems ugdytiniams; išanalizuoti kūrybiškumą lemiančius ir skatinančius veiksnius bei plėtotės būdus, leidžiančius optimizuoti muzikos ugdymo procesą; išaiškinti mokinių požiūrį į kūrybiškumo ugdymą muzikos pamokose. Tyrimo objektas yra mokinių požiūris į kūrybiškumo plėtotės galimybes muzikiniame ugdyme. Pasitelktas anketinės apklausos metodas, kuriame dalyvavo 100 respondentų iš aštuonių Panevėžio bei vienos Šiaulių bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos. Išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą gautos šios išvados: nėra vieno tikslaus kūrybiškumo apibrėžimo. Kūrybiškumo esmė aiškinama kaip kūrybos proceso dalis, išskirtinis gebėjimas, asmenybės savybė ar kūrybos rezultatas. Ryškiausiomis kūrybingo žmogaus savybės yra originalumas, sklandumas, lankstumas, įžvalgumas, smalsumas, jautrumas, energingumas, savarankiškumas. Kūrybiškumo plėtotei palanki aplinka saugi ir negrėsminga, joje palaikomos originalios idėjos, suteikiama dvasinė ir fizinė laisvė, neribojamas laikas, skatinamas savarankiškumas ir pasitikėjimas savo jėgomis, rodoma pagarba ir dėmesys tiek asmenybei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the paper is to investigate students’ approach to the development of creativity in musical training opportunities. The following tasks have been set in order to achieve the aforementioned aim: to reveal the concept of creativity and its importance in today's society; to find out typical characteristics of creative personalities; to analyze the determinants, the factors influencing and encouraging creativity and the development methods which allows to optimize the process of music education; to ascertain students’ approach to creativity in music education. Research subject is the attitude of the students towards the possibilities of the creativity development in comprehensive school. The questionnaire method was used which involved 100 respondents from eight Panevėţys and one Šiauliai district secondary schools. Upon analysis of research works the following conclusions was obtained: there is no single precise definition of creativity. The essence of creativity is interpreted as a creative process, exceptional ability, personality characteristic feature or the result of creative process. The main characteristic features of creative personality are originality, fluency, flexibility, insight, curiosity, sensitivity, vitality, and independence. Environment conducive to the development of creativity is a safe and non-threatening, where original ideas are supported, spiritual and physical freedom provided, independence and self-confidence promoted, respect and... [to full text]

Since the completion of the CPR, the railway has held an important place in the Canadian imagination as a symbol of national unity, industry, and cooperation. It would seem to follow, given the widely held belief that national literatures help to engender national self-recognition in their readers, that Canadian literature would make incessant use of the railway to address themes of national community and identity. This assumption is false. With a few notable exceptions, Canadian literature has in fact made very little deliberate effort to propagate the idea that the railway is a vital symbol of Canadian unity and identity. / Literary depictions of the railway do, however, exhibit a tension between communitarian and individualist values that may itself lie at the heart of the Canadian character. Some of the earliest representations of the railway, in travel narratives of the late nineteenth century, make explicit reference to the notion that the railway was a sign and a product of a common national imagination. But poets of this period virtually ignored the railway for fear that its presence would disturb the peaceful contemplation, and thus the identity, of the individuals who populated the pastoral spaces of their verse. Modern poets did eventually manage to include the train in their work, but used it most often as a vehicle to continue the private musings of their individual lyric speakers rather than to explore the terrain of the national consciousness. One prominent exception to this tendency is E. J. Pratt's Towards the Last Spike, in which imposing individuals such as Sir John A. Macdonald and William Van Horne and thousands of unnamed rail workers combine their efforts in order to construct the railway, which stands as a symbol of how individuals and communities can work together in the national interest. Canadian fiction demonstrates the same impulses as Canadian poetry by using the railway as a means of depicting the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of individuals, but it also challenges the myth of the railway's creation of a unitary national culture by showing how diverse communities---of race, class, and region---imagine their relationship to the railway in very different ways. / The varied character of Canada's literary treatment of one of the country's central national symbols suggests that a tension between individualism and communitarianism also informs Canadian literature itself, whose writers have used the railway to fulfill their goals in individual texts but have rarely employed it as a symbol of national community.

This paper analyses if European citizens are willing to show solidarity with debt-ridden EU member states during the recent crisis. Based on a theoretical concept comprehending four di-mensions of solidarity - generalised willingness to support, existence of social cleavages, rea-sons of supporting others, acceptance of conditions a crisis country has to meet to receive as-sistance - we derived hypotheses stating that the existence of a European wide solidarity is rather unlikely. We analysed data from two Eurobarometer surveys 2010 and 2011 and a unique survey conducted in Germany and Portugal in 2012. Descriptive and multilevel analyses indi-cated that in 2010 and 2011, a narrow majority of all EU citizens supported fiscal assistance for crisis countries, and socio-economic and cultural cleavages in attitudes regarding financial as-sistance for crisis countries were rather low. Findings from the two country comparison showed that the willingness to show solidarity was predominantly guided by moral reasoning instead of the respondent’s self-interest. However, German and Portuguese respondents disagree on austerity measures, with the exception of social spending cuts. Taken all together, we come to the conclusion that recent years have brought a new legitimacy to the use of EU bailout measures which are now a given European practice.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att förklara vilka sociala och värderingsmässiga faktorer som ökar svenska väljares benägenhet att rösta på Sverigedemokraterna samt undersöka om den mediala och allmänt vedertagna föreställningen om SD-väljaren stämmer. Detta undersöktes med bivariata analyser och ett antal binära logistiska regressionsanalyser. Materialet som användes var ett dataset från European Social Survey från år 2012/13. De oberoende variablerna bestämdes utifrån vad teorin påvisade som möjliga förklaringsfaktorer för att rösta på ett högerextremt parti. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna var; teorin om massamhället, moderniseringens förlorare, xenofobi samt politiskt missnöje. Studiens resultat visar att attityder gällande invandring och låg utbildning är mycket viktiga faktorer för att förstå varför svenska väljare röstar på SD. Resultatet visar också att den mediala och allmänt vedertagna föreställningen om SD-väljaren som en ung, relativt lågutbildad man som känner sig utanför, är politiskt missnöjd och har extrema åsikter i vissa avseenden är delvis missvisande. Detta då resultatet visar att den typiska SD-väljaren är lågutbildad, politiskt missnöjd och har extrema åsikter i vissa avseenden. / The purpose of this essay was to explain which social and attitudinal factors that affect the Swedish voters tendency to vote for the Sweden Democrats and to study if the medial and generally accepted notion of the typical voter of the Sweden Democrats is true. To examine this a number of bivariate analyses and binary logistic regressions was made. The analyses were based on the European Social Survey 2012/13. The independent variables were determined by what our theories established as possible explanatory factors. The theoretical framework consisted of; the mass society theory, the theory of modernization losers, xenophobia and political dissatisfaction. Our results show that low education as well as attitudes towards immigration is important factors for understanding why Swedish voters vote for the Sweden Democrats. Furthermore the results suggests that the medial and generally accepted notion of the typical Sweden Democratic voter as a young, relatively low educated man that feels left out, is politically dissatisfied and has extreme views in some regards are partly misleading. This because the results show that the typical Sweden Democratic voter is low educated, politically dissatisfied and has extreme views in some regards.