Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-12-15T18:54:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_JOCARLI_ITAMIRA_DUARTE_ALENCASTRO_COMPLETO.pdf: 4124891 bytes, checksum: 626f250c45ed7ded36bb545f18def41e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-15T18:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_JOCARLI_ITAMIRA_DUARTE_ALENCASTRO_COMPLETO.pdf: 4124891 bytes, checksum: 626f250c45ed7ded36bb545f18def41e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this work is the development of a methodology to determining the heat transfer coefficient by forced convection in the form of incidents jets heated in corrugated surfaces sheets of rigid polyurethane foam with the possibility of quantifying the transmitted heat. They were prepared six different geometry but with the same ridge width and height. At the same time we designed a structure for conducting experiments with a hot air circulation condition with temperature and speed controlled air and other cold air circulation condition with controlled temperature. Using hot air by forced convection of the surface profiles of selected plates were analyzed by sensors and thermography. It was considered steady and heat transfer in one-dimensional direction for the study, monitoring of trials was conducted by supervisory program with reading temperature measurements every second and final storage of 14,400 points, a total of four hours for each test. With the simulation and experimental data from automated thermographic images information and this methodology can determine roughly the convection coefficient and Nusselt correlations and for different Reynolds corrugated plates for five variations in hot air inlet speed. / A proposta do presente trabalho ? o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para determina??o do coeficiente de transfer?ncia de calor por convec??o for?ada, sob a forma de jatos incidentes aquecidos em superf?cies corrugadas de chapas de espuma r?gida de poliuretano, com possibilidades de quantifica??o do calor transmitido. Foram confeccionadas seis geometrias diferentes, mas com mesma largura e altura de cristas. Paralelamente projetou-se uma estrutura para realiza??o de experimentos com uma condi??o de circula??o de ar quente, com temperatura e velocidade do ar controladas, e outra condi??o de circula??o de ar frio, com temperatura controlada. Utilizando-se o ar quente por convec??o for?ada os perfis escolhidos, da superf?cie das placas, foram analisados atrav?s de sensores e termografia. Considerou-se regime permanente e transmiss?o de calor no sentido unidimensional para o estudo. O monitoramento dos ensaios foi realizado atrav?s de programa supervis?rio com leitura de medi??es de temperatura a cada segundo e com armazenamento final de 14.400 pontos, totalizando quatro horas para cada teste. Com a simula??o experimental e com os dados obtidos por informa??es automatizadas e imagens termogr?ficas, a metodologia desenvolvida pode determinar de forma aproximada o coeficiente de convec??o e correla??es de Nusselt e Reynolds para diferentes corrugamentos em placas para cinco varia??es de velocidade de entrada de ar quente.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:58:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 438728.pdf: 2369501 bytes, checksum: 5a95c750cd0b1991376d6d6391c90d40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / This work presents a numerical-experimental correlation of the factors that may influence the hardenability of SAE 1045 steel subjected to the Jominy end quench test at austenitizing temperature of 850 ?C. This correlation was made by calculating the heat transfer coefficient and its phase‟s presents during the cooling of the specimen. These calculations were obtained based on thermal analysis of the test, through the cooling rates. A thermocouple was installed near from the edge of the specimen to obtain the cooling temperature curves. Based on these informations were estimated uncertainties of measurement temperature ? 23 ?C for an evaluation of the reproducibility of the process, even an error of ? 10.3 ?C. During the Jominy test, should be considered parameters such as hydraulic pressure suitable austenitizing temperature with a tolerance of ? 6 ?C, temperature and water flow. These parameters change the phase heat transfer, and also the flux density and therefore the heat transfer coefficient of heat. It was determined the variation of the heat transfer coefficient versus time h=f(t), and the average value is close to theorycal value, which is approximately 15.3 kW/m2.K / O trabalho aborda uma correla??o num?rico-experimental dos fatores que podem influenciar a temperabilidade de um a?o SAE 1045 submetido ao Ensaio Jominy em uma temperatura de austenitiza??o de 850?C. Tal correla??o foi feita a partir do c?lculo do coeficiente de transfer?ncia de calor e os modos presentes durante o resfriamento do corpo de prova. Estes c?lculos foram obtidos com base na an?lise t?rmica do ensaio, atrav?s das taxas de resfriamento. Para isso, um termopar foi instalado em uma dist?ncia pr?xima da extremidade do corpo de prova a fim de obter as curvas de resfriamento. Com base nestes dados foi calculada a incerteza de medi??o de temperatura de ? 23 ?C, para uma avalia??o da repetibilidade do processo, chegando ao erro de ? 10,3 ?C. Devem ser levados em considera??o durante o ensaio Jominy par?metros significativos como: press?o hidr?ulica adequada, temperatura de austenitiza??o com toler?ncia de at? ? 6?C, temperatura e vaz?o da ?gua. Estes par?metros alteram as condi??es de transfer?ncia de calor, e tamb?m a densidade de fluxo de calor e por conseq??ncia o coeficiente de transfer?ncia de calor. Foi determinada a varia??o do coeficiente de transfer?ncia de calor em rela??o ao tempo h = f(t), e seu valor m?dio est? de acordo com o valor informado na teoria, que ? de aproximadamente 15,3 kW/m?K

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-27T16:56:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ERNANI_CARVALHO_DA_COSTA_NETO_COMPLETO.pdf: 1465788 bytes, checksum: 0070dd2cd05c5febebfb4e33fca789df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-27T16:56:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ERNANI_CARVALHO_DA_COSTA_NETO_COMPLETO.pdf: 1465788 bytes, checksum: 0070dd2cd05c5febebfb4e33fca789df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-20 / The current growing competitivity and shortening of technological cycle have led industries to seek innovation out of several sources. The context of universityindustry interaction have been an important source of innovation through knowledge and technology transfer. Nevertheless, the distinctive organizational nature of universities and industries presents challenges, especially in countries with less experience and lower intensity of innovation, such as the Brazilian reality. This dissertation has the objective of exploring the important dimensions in the perspective of the industries which engage in activities of knowledge and technology transfer with universities in Brazil. The research, of qualitative and descriptive approach, obtained answers of fourteen executives from companies engaged with universities. Five relevant dimensions were identified and analyzed on the industry perspective: motivations to engage in collaborations, activities of transfer in the interactions, intervenient factors, facilitators and barriers for transfer activities, as well as, expected innovation outcomes out of interactions with universities. The main factors, or variables, were identified and categorized, relevant within each one of the five dimensions and were compared to the available theory found in the literature. Among theoretical contributions of this study, it is the redesign of the process of knowledge and technological transfer in the university-industry interaction, including the qualification of the main factors for the industries. Another important contribution resides on a diagnosis of the Brazilian reality on the subject matter, compared to other countries in more developed stages of development. Regarding, the managerial contributions, this study is useful for universities aiming at improving relationships with industries, because it presents priorities and value attributes in the industry perspective. Another relevant managerial contribution has as recipient the own industry engaged in collaborations with universities. In this case, one industry is able to obtain critical factors in the relationship with universities, so that it can plan solutions accordingly to deal with situations that may come. / A crescente competitividade e encurtamento dos ciclos tecnol?gicos t?m conduzido as empresas ? busca por inova??es de diferentes fontes. O contexto da intera??o entre universidade e empresa tem sido uma importante fonte de inova??o por meio da transfer?ncia de conhecimento e tecnologia. Entretanto, a distin??o da natureza organizacional de universidades e empresas apresenta desafios, em especial em pa?ses com menos experi?ncia e intensidade de inova??o, como na realidade brasileira. Esta disserta??o tem por objetivo explorar as dimens?es importantes na perspectiva das empresas que se engajam em intera??es com universidades no Brasil para atingir seus objetivos de inova??o. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa descritiva, obteve resposta de 14 profissionais vinculados a empresas engajadas em intera??es com universidades. Foram identificadas e analisadas cinco dimens?es relevantes na vis?o das empresas: as motiva??es para se engajar nas colabora??es, as atividades de transfer?ncia realizadas nas intera??es, os fatores intervenientes, facilitadores e barreiras ?s transfer?ncias, assim como os resultados de inova??o esperados a partir da intera??o com as universidades. Foram identificados e categorizados os principais fatores, ou vari?veis, relevantes em cada uma destas dimens?es e cotejados com a teoria dispon?vel sobre o assunto. Dentre as contribui??es te?ricas do presente estudo, est? o redesenho do processo de transfer?ncia de conhecimento e tecnologia na intera??o universidade-empresa, com a qualifica??o dos principais fatores importantes para as empresas. Outra contribui??o importante, reside no diagn?stico da realidade atual brasileira sobre a tem?tica, comparada com outros pa?ses em diferentes est?gios de desenvolvimento. Quanto as contribui??es gerenciais, este estudo tem utilidade para universidades que visam aperfei?oar o relacionamento com o meio empresarial, pois apresenta as prioridades e atributos de valor na perspectiva das empresas. Outra contribui??o gerencial relevante tem como destinat?ria a pr?pria empresa engajada em colabora??es com universidades. Neste caso, a empresa pode obter material sobre os fatores cr?ticos na rela??o com universidades e assim planejar solu??es para lidar com as situa??es que devem se apresentar.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Telles de Deus.pdf: 931025 bytes, checksum: aaf241a0aa5f162b6694453d8627dd38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-05 / The objective of this research is to show that the analytic transference, in the context of Winnicott s clinical practice, is not limited to any differentiation, as proposed by the author, between transference neurosis and transference of a psychotic quality (that he observed in the phases of regression to absolute dependence during the analysis of borderline cases, or in psychotic episodes in the treatment of neurotic patients or normal people), including other forms of transference that can be viewed in the light of Winnicott's theory of emotional development. In the present study, we noted that the author distinguished forms of transference based on his idea of the process of human emotional development, as conceived by him in terms of ego (or "basic personality structure") and instinctual life (or id) and proper object relations per se (i.e. relations that, at the individual s experience level, occur among the related people in the whole triangular dynamic, three bodies, which features the Oedipal situation). As a result of this emphasis, the study also aims to contribute to a better understanding of Winnicott s propositions that reassess and reposition the place of instinctive life and object relations themselves within the maturation process of human beings. This investigation was performed by means of clinical study material selected from the Piggle case. In addition to marking, in particular, some aspects of Winnicott's reinterpretation of transference of a neurotic quality, as well as the author s design of the regression to dependence on transference, this study allowed us to clarify that Winnicott distinguished, in the context of transference phenomena, the following clinical features: ability to trust in the analyst; ego s need for the patient to create, in an omnipotent way, the analyst (in relation to one aspect of the psychoanalytic setting: the frequency and pace of visits); ability to be alone in the presence of the analyst; organization and ego strength in the transference; paternal transference (in light of Winnicott's theory about the the girl s Oedipal situation); oral eroticism at transference (with regard to the opposition, established by the author, between greed and greediness). / O objetivo desta pesquisa ? mostrar que a transfer?ncia anal?tica, no contexto da pr?tica cl?nica de Winnicott, n?o se resume ? diferencia??o, proposta pelo autor, entre a neurose de transfer?ncia e a transfer?ncia de qualidade psic?tica (por ele observada nas fases de regress?o ? depend?ncia absoluta, durante a an?lise dos casos borderline, ou nos momentos psic?ticos do tratamento de pacientes neur?ticos ou de pessoas normais), abarcando outras formas transferenciais que podem ser visualizadas ? luz da teoria winnicottiana do desenvolvimento emocional. No presente estudo, assinalamos que o autor distinguiu as formas de transfer?ncia com base em suas ideias acerca do processo de desenvolvimento emocional humano, por ele concebido em termos de ego (ou estrutura b?sica da personalidade ) e de vida instintiva (ou id) e rela??es de objeto propriamente ditas (isto ?: rela??es que, no plano da experi?ncia do indiv?duo, ocorrem entre pessoas inteiras no contexto da din?mica triangular, a tr?s corpos, que caracteriza a situa??o ed?pica). Em decorr?ncia dessa ?nfase, o estudo visa contribuir, igualmente, para o melhor entendimento das propostas de Winnicott que reavaliam e reposicionam, no ?mbito do processo de matura??o dos seres humanos, o lugar da vida instintiva e das rela??es de objeto propriamente ditas. Esta investiga??o foi realizada por meio do estudo de material cl?nico selecionado do caso Piggle. Al?m de assinalar, de modo pontual, alguns aspectos da reinterpreta??o winnicottiana da transfer?ncia de qualidade neur?tica, bem como da concep??o do autor acerca da regress?o ? depend?ncia na transfer?ncia, o presente estudo possibilitou esclarecer que Winnicott distinguiu, no ?mbito dos fen?menos de transfer?ncia, os seguintes aspectos cl?nicos: capacidade de confiar no analista; necessidade eg?ica de o paciente criar, de modo onipotente, o analista (em rela??o com um aspecto do setting psicanal?tico: a frequ?ncia e o ritmo das consultas); capacidade para estar s? em presen?a do analista; organiza??o e for?a de ego na transfer?ncia; transfer?ncia paterna (? luz da teoria winnicottiana acerca da situa??o ed?pica da menina); erotismo oral na transfer?ncia (no que se refere ? oposi??o, estabelecida pelo autor, entre avidez e voracidade).

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-09-27T12:28:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CESAR_ROLANDO_NUNURA_NUNURA_COMPLETO.pdf: 7025675 bytes, checksum: fe9a9c1bc68c18e3f29d77b89573af7b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T12:28:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CESAR_ROLANDO_NUNURA_NUNURA_COMPLETO.pdf: 7025675 bytes, checksum: fe9a9c1bc68c18e3f29d77b89573af7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / His work considers the numerical simulation of the Jominy test, which evaluates the hardenability of steels, using as a solution the Finite Difference Method. Taking the initial and boundary conditions of the test and considering the heat transfer by conduction and forced convection, is solved numerically explicitly the differential equation that modeling the test, to obtain simulations of the thermal evolution or cooling curves at the specimen. Using the thermal profile obtained by the numerical solution is proposed a method for obtain the cooling rates and expressions that correlate hardness profile after the test [HRC = f (Cooling Rate)], and the numerical prediction of the final microstructures [Microstructure% = f (Cooling Rate)]. To validate the simulations were tested 02 steels: SAE 1060 and SAE 52100 according to ASTM A 255-07. These tests were instrumented with thermocouples for obtain the experimental thermal profile and compare with the simulated results. Hardness tests (HRC) were applied at the specimens for obtain the Jominy profile. Finally, analysis microscopy was applied to the specimens revealed the amounts of martensite, bainite, pearlite and ferrite present in the microstructure of the steel in function to the cooling rates. These microstructures validate the numerical results of [HRC = f (Cooling Rate)] and [% Microstructure = f (Cooling Rate)]. / Este trabalho prop?e a simulacao numerica do Ensaio Jominy, que avalia a temperabilidade dos a?os, usando como solu??o o M?todo das Diferen?as Finitas. Tomando as condi??es iniciais e de contorno do ensaio e considerando os mecanismos de transfer?ncia de calor de condu??o e convec??o for?ada, resolve-se numericamente de forma expl?cita a equa??o diferencial que modela o ensaio para realizar simula??es da evolu??o t?rmica ou curvas de resfriamento no corpo de prova. Utilizando o perfil t?rmico obtido pela solu??o num?rica prop?e-se um m?todo de c?lculo das taxas de resfriamento, para poder obter express?es que correlacionam perfil de dureza ap?s o ensaio [HRC = f(Taxas)], bem como a previs?o num?rica das microestruturas finais [%Microestrutura = f(Taxas)]. Para validar as simula??es foram ensaiados 02 a?os: SAE 1060 e SAE 52100 conforme a norma ASTM A 255-07. Estes ensaios foram instrumentados com termopares para obter um perfil t?rmico experimental para poder confrontar os resultados simulados. Ensaios de dureza HRC foram aplicados para obter a curva Jominy que avalia a profundidade de t?mpera nos a?os em quest?o. Finalmente, an?lises de microscopia aplicados nos corpos de prova revelaram as quantidades de martensita, bainita, perlita e ferrita presentes na microestrutura do a?o em fun??o das taxas de resfriamento. Estas microestruturas validam os resultados num?ricos de [HRC = f (Taxas)] e [%Microestrutura = f (Taxas)].

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:22:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 445331.pdf: 78745 bytes, checksum: 4497a427bc5516ccdb1007677388a528 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-19 / Throughout clinical experience, it is common to identify transference and the present impasses in its management as reasons to discontinue the analytical process, understanding, thus, the association between that phenomenon occurrence and the establishment of barriers in the listening exercise. The relevance of the transference phenomenon and the finding of its effects in the psychoanalytical listening motivated this study. The interrelation between transference and the barriers appearance to the sequence of an analytical process allows the assertion that it is a topic in need to be rendered problematic in order to make the knowledge production in psychoanalysis advance, the forms in which the psychic conflicts get updated enter the clinical setting, and reverberates as an aspect of resistance to the process. Therefore, two sections were developed in this dissertation, a theoretical and an empirical one. The theoretical section proposes a review on the transference phenomenon, based on this concept development in Freud s work, interrelating it to the evolution of the psychoanalytical method itself. It is also approached the analysts work specificities with transference, from listening and technique, marking the work conditions with subjects of the unconscious. The empirical section has the objective of exploring the transference phenomenon as a hindrance in the analytical listening, aiming to contribute to a debate on the ranges and limitations of the psychoanalytical technique. For that reason, snippets of a clinical situation were worked out in order to promote the building of analytical facts. These clinical facts were analyzed through the psychoanalytical research method, whose specificity is to have the presence of a psychoanalyst in analytical activity as a sine qua non condition. To present the work system guiding this study, the material analysis was divided in three stages. In the first stage, named The encounter with Lost: the singular listening process , it was presented a subject s arrival to analysis, focusing on the established transference. In the second stage, The transference interpretation: the first half , it was made explicit how the transference modalities were interpreted in the time of listening to the patient. In the third stage, which composes the item The research work and the transference interpretation , new interpretative axes to the transference phenomenon were referenced. In this last stage, from the investigation findings, three interpretation axes which got interrelated were listed, being rooted in the idea that they could be worked out in the transference updating: Sexuality axis, Acting out axis, and Repetition axis. Having to be faced as relative to the process which has produced it, an interpretation is always singular, having the interpretative hypotheses the objective of promoting future intervention possibilities. This study allowed the assertion of the psychoanalytical method as a listening tool, and research as a psychoanalytical method, generating relevant reflections on the transference phenomenon, from the re-signification of the clinical facts material, promoting psychoanalysis revitalization. / Na experi?ncia cl?nica ? bastante comum identificar a transfer?ncia e os impasses presentes em seu manejo como motivos de interrup??o do processo anal?tico, constatando-se assim a associa??o entre a ocorr?ncia desse fen?meno e o estabelecimento de entraves no exerc?cio da escuta. A relev?ncia do fen?meno transferencial e a constata??o de seus efeitos na escuta psicanal?tica motivaram o presente estudo. A inter-rela??o entre a transfer?ncia e o surgimento de obst?culos ? sequ?ncia de um processo anal?tico permite afirmar a necessidade de problematizar, a fim de fazer avan?ar a produ??o de conhecimento em Psican?lise, as formas pelas quais a atualiza??o de conflitivas ps?quicas adentra o cen?rio da cl?nica e repercute como fator de resist?ncia ao processo. Assim, foram elaboradas duas se??es para esta Disserta??o, uma te?rica e uma emp?rica. A Se??o Te?rica prop?e uma revis?o acerca do fen?meno da transfer?ncia, embasando-se na evolu??o desse conceito na obra freudiana, inter-relacionando-a ? evolu??o do pr?prio m?todo psicanal?tico. Aborda-se tamb?m a especificidade do trabalho do analista com a transfer?ncia, a partir da escuta e da t?cnica, marcando a condi??o de trabalho com um sujeito de Inconsciente. J? a Se??o Emp?rica teve como objetivo explorar o fen?meno da transfer?ncia como entrave na escuta anal?tica, visando contribuir para um debate sobre os alcances e limita??es da t?cnica psicanal?tica. Para tanto, fragmentos de uma situa??o cl?nica foram trabalhados a fim de promover a constru??o de fatos cl?nicos. Esses fatos cl?nicos foram analisados atrav?s do m?todo psicanal?tico de pesquisa, cuja especificidade ? a de ter a presen?a de um psicanalista em atividade anal?tica como condi??o sine qua non. A fim de apresentar a sistem?tica de trabalho que norteou este estudo, dividiu-se a an?lise do material em tr?s etapas. A primeira etapa, denominada O encontro com Perdido: o singular em processo de escuta, apresentou a chegada de um sujeito ? an?lise, enfocando a transfer?ncia estabelecida. A segunda etapa, A interpreta??o da transfer?ncia: um primeiro tempo, explicitou como as modalidades transferenciais foram interpretadas ? ?poca do trabalho de escuta ao analisando. E na terceira etapa, que comp?e o item O trabalho de pesquisa e a interpreta??o da transfer?ncia, foram relacionados novos eixos interpretativos para o fen?meno transferencial daquele processo. Nesta ?ltima etapa, a partir dos achados da investiga??o, foram elencados tr?s eixos de interpreta??o que se inter-relacionam, calcados na ideia de que poderiam ser trabalhados na atualiza??o transferencial: eixo da Sexualidade, eixo da Atua??o e eixo da Repeti??o. Devendo ser encarada como relativa ao processo que a produziu, uma interpreta??o ? sempre singular, tendo as hip?teses interpretativas o objetivo de promover possibilidades futuras de interven??o. O estudo realizado possibilitou a afirma??o do m?todo psicanal?tico como ferramenta de escuta e da pesquisa como m?todo psicanal?tico, gerando reflex?es pertinentes ao fen?meno transferencial, a partir da ressignifica??o do material oriundo dos fatos cl?nicos, fomentando a revitaliza??o da Psican?lise.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-26T19:01:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1903155 bytes, checksum: 33e48f6a1dc322a0401536a1ec286d25 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-28T21:20:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1903155 bytes, checksum: 33e48f6a1dc322a0401536a1ec286d25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T21:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1903155 bytes, checksum: 33e48f6a1dc322a0401536a1ec286d25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Os refrigeradores dom?sticos de uma maneira geral s?o compactos e utilizam configura??es simplificadas por raz?es econ?micas. O Coeficiente termodin?mico de desempenho (COP) est? limitado principalmente no projeto do condensador por raz?es de dimens?es e arranjo (lay-out) do projeto (design) e pelas caracter?sticas clim?ticas da regi?o onde vai operar. Vale ressaltar que esta ?ltima limita??o ? muito significativa quando se trata de um pa?s de extens?o continental como o Brasil com condi??es clim?ticas diversas. O COP do ciclo depende fundamentalmente da capacidade de calor dissipada no condensador. Portanto, em climas quentes como nas regi?es nordeste, norte, e centro-oeste a capacidade de dissipar ? muito atenuada em compara??o com as regi?es sudeste e sul com clima tropical e subtropical quando comparado com as outras regi?es. A dissipa??o em condensadores compactos para aplica??es em refrigera??o dom?stica tem sido o foco de diversos estudos, isso devido ao seu impacto na redu??o de custos e de consumo de energia, al?m de um melhor aproveitamento do espa?o ocupado pelos componentes dos sistemas de refrigera??o. Este espa?o deve ser reduzido ao m?ximo para permitir um aumento do volume ?til de armazenamento do refrigerador sem alterar as dimens?es externas do produto. Devido ao seu baixo custo de manufatura, condensadores com aletas de arame sobre tubo continuam como a op??o mais vantajosa para a refrigera??o dom?stica. Tradicionalmente, tais trocadores de calor s?o projetados para operar sob convec??o natural para evitar ?nus do bombeamento do ar por convec??o for?ada. No presente trabalho, ? proposta uma melhoria no condensador convectivo original, alterando o mesmo para um mecanismo de transfer?ncia combinado, em s?rie, sendo o mecanismo de troca entre os tubos e aletas de arame para um meio poroso ?mido praticamente por condu??o at? a superf?cie externa do meio poroso e ent?o por convec??o para o meio ambiente. O meio poroso utilizado no revestimento foi composto de uma argamassa de gesso impregnada sobre uma malha de fibra celul?sica natural moldada sobre a estrutura tubular aramada original do condensador, sendo seca e depois calcinada para maior ades?o e aumento da porosidade. A configura??o proposta foi instalada no sistema de refrigera??o dom?stica (bebedouro) e testada nas mesmas condi??es da configura??o original. Foi X ainda, avaliada na condi??o seca e umidificada por gotejamento d??gua sob convec??o natural e sob convec??o for?ada com uso de um eletro-ventilador (fancoil). Os ensaios foram realizados para a mesma carga de refrigerante 134-a e sob a mesma carga t?rmica de resfriamento. O desempenho da configura??o com condensador modificado e sob umidifica??o e convec??o natural apresentou uma melhora no COP de cerca de 72% quando comparada ? configura??o original / The development of home refrigerators generally are compact and economic reasons for using simplified configuration. The thermodynamic coefficient of performance ( COP ) is limited mainly in the condenser design for reasons of size and arrangement ( layout ) of the project ( design ) and climatic characteristics of the region where it will operate. It is noteworthy that this latter limitation is very significant when it comes to a country of continental size like Brazil with diverse climatic conditions. The COP of the cycle depends crucially on the ability of heat dissipated in the condenser. So in hot climates like the northeast, north, and west-central dispel ability is highly attenuated compared to the south and southeast regions with tropical or subtropical climates when compared with other regions. The dissipation in compact capacitors for applications in domestic refrigeration has been the focus of several studies, that due to its impact on reducing costs and power consumption, and better use of the space occupied by the components of refrigeration systems. This space should be kept to a minimum to allow an increase in the useful storage volume of refrigerator without changing the external dimensions of the product. Due to its low cost manufacturing, wire on tube condensers continue to be the most advantageous option for domestic refrigeration. Traditionally, these heat exchangers are designed to operate under natural convection. Not always, the benefits of greater compactness of capacitors for forced outweigh the burden of pumping air through the external heat exchanger. In this work we propose an improvement in convective condenser changing it to a transfer mechanism combined in series with conductive pipes and wire to a moist convective porous medium and the porous medium to the environment. The porous media used in the coating was composed of a gypsum plaster impregnated fiber about a mesh of natural cellulosic molded tubular wire mesh about the original structure of the condenser , and then dried and calcined to greater adherence and increased porosity. The proposed configuration was installed in domestic refrigeration system ( trough ) and tested under the same conditions of the original configuration . Was also evaluated in the dry condition and humidified drip water under natural and forced with an electro - fan ( fan coil ) convection. Assays were performed for the same 134- refrigerant charge e under the same thermal cooling load. The performance was evaluated in various configurations, showing an improvement of about 72 % compared with the original configuration proposed in humidification and natural convection.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:14:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 UmbertoLF_DISSERT.pdf: 2432679 bytes, checksum: 1b109fa2275d326e609166a96c26d626 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996-10-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Apresentamos uma teoria din?mica de rede para uma super-rede consistindo de camadas magn?ticas alternadas dos tipos ferromagn?tica e antiferromagn?tica. Utilizando a equa??o de movimento semi-cl?ssica para o estudo dos m?gnons e usando o m?todo da matriz transfer?ncia obtemos explicitamente a equa??o da rela??o de dispers?o. O resultado ? ilustrado numericamente; as curvas s?o an?logas ?quelas encontradas para ondas de spin quando utilizado o modelo de Heisenberg

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 UaskaBS.pdf: 2080120 bytes, checksum: b16b535c47ed35cd6d738822bec1281d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The phylogeny is one of the main activities of the modern taxonomists and a way to reconstruct the history of the life through comparative analysis of these sequences stored in their genomes aimed find any justification for the origin or evolution of them. Among the sequences with a high level of conservation are the genes of repair because it is important for the conservation and maintenance of genetic stability. Hence, variations in repair genes, as the genes of the nucleotide excision repair (NER), may indicate a possible gene transfer between species. This study aimed to examine the evolutionary history of the components of the NER. For this, sequences of UVRA, UVRB, UVRC and XPB were obtained from GenBank by Blast-p, considering 10-15 as cutoff to create a database. Phylogenetic studies were done using algorithms in PAUP programs, BAYES and PHYLIP package. Phylogenetic trees were build with protein sequences and with sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA for comparative analysis by the methods of parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian. The XPB tree shows that archaeal?s XPB helicases are similar to eukaryotic helicases. According to this data, we infer that the eukaryote nucleotide excision repair system had appeared in Archaea. At UVRA, UVRB and UVRC trees was found a monophyletic group formed by three species of epsilonproteobacterias class, three species of mollicutes class and archaeabacterias of Methanobacteria and Methanococci classes. This information is supported by a tree obtained with the proteins, UVRA, UVRB and UVRC concatenated. Thus, although there are arguments in the literature defending the horizontal transfer of the system uvrABC of bacteria to archaeabacterias, the analysis made in this study suggests that occurred a vertical transfer, from archaeabacteria, of both the NER genes: uvrABC and XPs. According the parsimony, this is the best way because of the occurrence of monophyletic groups, the time of divergence of classes and number of archaeabacterias species with uvrABC system / A filogen?mica estuda os organismos atrav?s de an?lises comparativas das seq??ncias conservadas presentes em seus genomas visando encontrar alguma justificativa para a origem ou a evolu??o dos mesmos. Dentre as seq??ncias com elevado n?vel de conserva??o encontram-se os genes de reparo, pois s?o importantes para a conserva??o e manuten??o da estabilidade gen?tica. Por isso, varia??es em genes de reparo, como os da via de excis?o de nucleot?deos (REN), podem indicar uma poss?vel transfer?ncia g?nica entre esp?cies. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar a hist?ria evolutiva dos componentes do REN. Para isso, seq??ncias de UVRA, UVRB, UVRC e XPB foram obtidas a partir do GenBank por Blast-p, considerando-se 10-15 como limiar, com o fim de criar um banco de dados. Estudos filogen?ticos foram feitos utilizando algoritmos presentes nos programas PAUP, BAYES e no pacote PHYLIP. Foram constru?das ?rvores com seq??ncias prot?icas e com seq??ncias de RNA riboss?mico 16S para an?lises comparativas atrav?s dos m?todos de parcim?nia, verossimilhan?a e bayesiano. De acordo com a ?rvore de XPB, as helicases dos eucariotos s?o similares as das arqueobact?rias e apresentam comportamento semelhante ao longo da evolu??o, ou seja, compartilham um mesmo ancestral. Nas filogenias feitas para cada prote?na do sistema uvrABC, foram encontradas tr?s esp?cies da classe epsilonproteobacterias, tr?s esp?cies da classe mollicutes e arqueobacterias das classes Methanobacteria e Methanococci formando um grupo monofil?tico. Esse dado ? fortalecido atrav?s de uma ?rvore obtida com as prote?nas, UVRA, UVRB e UVRC concatenadas. Assim, embora existam argumentos, na literatura, defendendo a transfer?ncia horizontal do sistema uvrABC de bact?rias para arqueobact?rias, a an?lise feita neste estudo sugere que a transfer?ncia vertical, tendo arquebacterias como origem, tanto do sistema uvrABC quanto dos genes XP, seja o caminho mais parcimonioso, considerando a ocorr?ncia de grupos monofil?ticos, o tempo de diverg?ncia das classes e o n?mero de esp?cies e arqueobact?rias portadoras dos genes do sistema uvrABC

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaniellaKM_DISSERT.pdf: 1448992 bytes, checksum: be613de813a28ab22582b21adcb47c66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The genus Callithrix, like other marmosets, presents a cooperative breeding system, characterized by the contribution of parents and non-breeding individuals of the social group in the care of infants. This care is provided through lactation, transport, supervision of infants and food transfers. In this study, we investigated the care of offspring in Callithrix jacchus through the food transfers in family groups under conditions of abundance and scarcity of food resources. We also attempted to verify the relationship between the participation of individuals in the transport of infants and in the food sharing. We observed four families at the N?cleo de Primatologia of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, in a total of seven infants, six twins and a single infant. Each infant was observed twice a week, from 1st to 20th week of life using the methods focal continuous and focal instantaneous sampling with one minute intervals. The observations were carried by 10 minutes and beginning with the supply of food for each family. Two families were tested under conditions of scarcity of food resources (experimental condition) and two others were subjected to conditions of abundant food, both conditions with restricted access to food supply. The condition of food scarcity did not influence the rate of food sharing with the infants that, in general, was considered low. All shares observed were passive sharings. Only one family showed higher levels of food begging, probably due to the loss of the mother during the period of lactation of her offspring. In this family, the dominant and subadult males were primarily responsible for the food sharing. The experimental condition influenced the distance of infants in relation to food source, so the infants in families that received abundant food remained closer to the source. However, it is believed that the place of food consumption was not influenced by experimental condition. There was no relationship between the participation of individuals in the transport and food sharing with their young. Therefore, it is suggested that, in general, the transfer of food in C. jacchus is characterized by tolerance to the demands of caregivers, represented by the passive sharing. Rates of sharing with infants were low, probably due to intra-group competition for food generated by the experiment. / O g?nero Callithrix, assim como os demais calitriqu?deos, apresenta um sistema de cria??o cooperativa da prole, caracterizado pela contribui??o dos pais e de indiv?duos n?o reprodutores do grupo social no cuidado aos infantes. Esse cuidado ? fornecido atrav?s da amamenta??o, do transporte, da supervis?o dos infantes e da transfer?ncia de alimento. Neste estudo, investigamos o cuidado ? prole em Callithrix jacchus atrav?s da transfer?ncia de alimento em grupos familiares sob condi??es de abund?ncia e de escassez de recursos alimentares. Buscamos tamb?m verificar a rela??o entre a participa??o dos indiv?duos no transporte dos filhotes e na partilha de alimento. Foram observadas quatro fam?lias habitantes do N?cleo de Primatologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, totalizando sete infantes, sendo seis g?meos e um filhote ?nico. Cada infante foi observado duas vezes por semana, da 1? a 20? semana de vida, atrav?s dos m?todos focal cont?nuo e focal instant?neo, com intervalos de um minuto. As observa??es eram realizadas por 10 minutos e iniciavam-se com o fornecimento do alimento para cada fam?lia. Duas fam?lias foram testadas sob condi??o de escassez de recurso alimentar (condi??o experimental) e outras duas foram submetidas ? condi??o de abund?ncia de alimento, ambas as condi??es com restri??o de acesso ? fonte de alimento. A condi??o de escassez de alimento n?o influenciou a taxa de partilha de alimento com os filhotes que, de um modo geral, foi baixa. Todas as partilhas observadas foram do tipo passiva. Somente uma fam?lia apresentou n?veis maiores de solicita??o, provavelmente em decorr?ncia da perda da m?e durante a fase de amamenta??o da prole. Nessa fam?lia, os machos dominante e subadulto foram os principais respons?veis pelas partilhas. A condi??o experimental influenciou a dist?ncia dos infantes em rela??o ? fonte de alimento, de modo que os infantes das fam?lias que receberam alimento abundante permaneceram mais pr?ximos ? fonte. Entretanto, acredita-se que o local de consumo do alimento n?o tenha sido influenciado pela condi??o experimental. N?o houve rela??o entre a participa??o dos indiv?duos no transporte e na partilha de alimento com os filhotes. Portanto, sugere-se que, de um modo geral, a transfer?ncia de alimento em C. jacchus seja caracterizada pela toler?ncia dos cuidadores ?s solicita??es, representada pela partilha passiva. As taxas de partilha com os infantes foram baixas, provavelmente devido ? competi??o alimentar intragrupo gerada pelo delineamento experimental