2-Cys Prx compõem um grupo de enzimas antioxidantes homodiméricas que atuam na decomposição de hidroperóxidos utilizando uma cisteína reativa (cisteína peroxidásica - CysP). A alta reatividade da CysP é alcançada com o envolvimento de dois aminoácidos vicinais à CysP: uma treonina e uma arginina, que constituem a tríade catalítica. Após a decomposição do hidroperóxido, a CysP forma um dissulfeto intermolecular com um segundo resíduo de cisteína (cisteína de resolução - CysR), o qual é reduzido pela tiorredoxina (Trx). Durante o ciclo redox, estas enzimas sofrem alterações estruturais, mas os mecanismos envolvidos neste processo eram pouco compreendidos. Neste trabalho foi obtida a estrutura cristalográfica de Tsa1 de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, uma 2-Cys Prx. Através de abordagens envolvendo bioquímica e biologia molecular, foi verificada a importância de aminoácidos envolvidos na reatividade e em transições da estrutura terciária e quaternária. Por fim, foram realizados esforços para a determinação da estrutura cristalográfica de mutantes obtidos neste trabalho. / 2-Cys Prx constitute a group of homodimeric antioxidant enzymes that act in the decomposition of hydroperoxides using a reactive cysteine (peroxidase cysteine - CysP). The high reactivity of the CysP is achieved by the participation of two vicinal amino acids: a threonine and an arginine, which constitute the catalytic triad. After the decomposition of hydroperoxide, the CysP forms an intermolecular disulfide with a second cysteine residue (resolving cysteine - CysR), which is reduced by the thioredoxin (Trx). During the redox cycle, these enzymes undergo to changes in the structure, but the molecular mechanisms involved in this process were poorly understood. In this study we have obtained the crystallographic structure of the 2-Cys Prx enzyme Tsa1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By means of biochemical and molecular biology approaches, the importance of amino acids involved in reactivity and structural transitions were determined. Finally, efforts have been performed to the determination of the crystallographic structures of mutant proteins obtained in this study.

The overall purpose of the study is to investigate narcissistic leadership in the Swedish Armed Forces. Since research on narcissism in the Swedish Armed Forces is an unexplored area the research design has an open and unconditional attitude to the research area. This open and explorative approach is achieved through using the method Grounded Theory. The results show that the informants have experienced narcissistic leadership in the Swedish Armed Forces. In addition, the results indicate that such leadership, from a career point of view, can be competitive, but over time is doomed to fail. The empirical data illustrates examples of that military leaders with narcissistic personality traits can advance in the hierarchy and potentially cause harm to the organization. Empirical data also indicates that there are many difficulties associated with identifying narcissists in the Swedish Armed Forces. This can possibly be correlated with the fact that the traits associated with grandiose narcissism substantially overlaps with what we think of as transformational leadership. The aim of the study is relevant since destructive narcissistic leaders annually lead several companies and organizations to ruin, causing great expense and much suffering among their followers.

In the past decade, scholars have discovered how European populist radical right parties have increasingly resorted to instrumentalizing issues of gender equality within broader anti-immigration and anti-Islam campaigns. This phenomenon has been coined as femonationalism by sociologist Sara R. Farris; building on her theorization, this thesis aims to investigate thisfurther in a Nordic context by examining whether and how femonationalism can be traced within the politics of the Finns Party (FP) and the Sweden Democrats (SD). This has been achieved by conducting an ideational analysis of the parties’ official election material and policy documents provided on their respective party websites. The analytical framework applied is political scientist Mats Lindberg’s VDP-triad, in which the central task is to capture the proposed value, descriptive, and prescriptive statements in a text. The thesis’ main findings indicate that for the FP, femonationalism could most closely be linked to their policy implications. Here, the FP advocates for extensive anti-immigration and anti-Islam policies, while also promoting policies that uphold a traditional gender order amongst Finns. For the SD, femonationalism was mostly found in their expressed value statements concerning the supremacy of western values in relation to gender equality, which migrants are supposed to internalize and respect. Implications for future research are to examine the phenomenon of femonationalism further in different country settings in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how it presents itself.

The bilateral relations between Sweden and China have been characterized by strong trade relations over the years. Nonetheless, several events between 2015 and 2020 have led the diplomatic relations between Sweden and China to take a different turn. Among them, the arrest of the Chinese-born Swedish writer and book publisher Gui Minhai and the alleged abuse of human rights by the Chinese government towards its population. These issues raise questions on how the Swedish government approaches the opportunities and challenges of China’s growing role internationally. This thesis has the purpose to analyse the Swedish government’s reports, statements and other documents regarding China in the period 2015 to 2020, with the intention of unveiling the Swedish foreign policy ideational foundation. Moreover, this thesis has the aim to examine whether it is possible to see a variation of the ideational foundation during these years. The analysis included the use of social constructivism as a theory and the VDP-triad methodology. From the analysis, it resulted that in the observed time period, Sweden’s foreign policy ideational foundation was characterized by the value of cooperation, especially regarding trade. Moreover, during the period observed Sweden characterized for being more active on criticizing China in regard to human rights, democracy and the rule of law. With China, Sweden is thus forced to balance two competing agendas: to pursue its interests and to promote its values.

Adolescence is a time of increased control over food choices and dietary practices. Participating in high school sports or attending college presents unique nutritional concerns and health risks. Some female high school athletes have low energy availability (consuming inadequate calories to compensate for exercise energy expenditure), which can result in menstrual dysfunction, bone loss, and injury, also known as the female athlete triad (Triad). College students who consume diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in fast food are at increased risk for weight gain, chronic disease, and some cancers. Nutrition education interventions that were tailored to the participants' unique nutritional concerns yielded positive results such as increased Triad knowledge among female high school athletes and increased self-efficacy and readiness to change dietary behaviors among college students. Peer-led education was preferred by college students, but not by high school students.

This study proposes that individual personality characteristics and behavioral triggering effects come together to motivate online victimization. It draws from psychology’s current understanding of personality traits, attribution theory, and criminological research. This study combines the current computer deviancy and hacker taxonomies with that of the Dark Triad model of personality mapping. Each computer deviant behavior is identified by its distinct dimensions of cyber-criminal behavior (e.g., unethical hacking, cyberbullying, cyberstalking, and identity theft) and analyzed against the Dark Triad personality factors (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). The goal of this study is to explore whether there are significant relationships among the Dark Triad personality traits and specific cyber-criminal behaviors within social network sites (SNSs). The study targets offensive security engineers and computer deviants from specific hacker conferences and from websites that discuss or promote computer deviant behavior (e.g., hacking). Additional sampling is taken from a general population of SNS users. Using a snowball sampling method, 235 subjects completed an anonymous, self-report survey that includes items measuring computer deviance, personality traits, and demographics. Results yield that there was no significant relationship between Dark Triad and cyber-criminal behaviors defined in the perceived hypotheses. The final chapter of the study summarizes the results and discusses the mechanisms potentially underlying the findings. In the context of achieving the latter objective, exploratory analyses are incorporated and partly relied upon. It also includes a discussion concerning the implications of the findings in terms of providing theoretical insights on the Dark Triad traits and cyber-criminal behaviors more generally.

No description available.

Previous research indicates that gender mainstreaming is difficult to apply. Obstacles such as lack of political will, cultural and institutional resistance, lack of understanding, clashing perspectives and priorities, as well as insufficient resources, are most often cited as the cause. This study, against the background that these obstacles are founded in institutional contexts, intends to use feminist institutionalism to analyze state authorities' ideas about gender mainstreaming through the analysis of values, descriptions, and prescriptions. The results show that analyzed authorities are consistent in their basic ideas and values, where the strategy is taken seriously and seen as important. The annual reports are prepared in an operational manner, which shows action and progress. The result indicates that there is a general lack of prescriptions.

The past decades have seen a growing critique of international relations theory (IRT) as being Eurocentric, inspiring the development of alternative interpretations of international politics. One such development is the emergence of Buddhist IRT, which, with only a handful of texts written on the subject, is still very much in its cradle. This analysis attempts to systematically analyse this new contribution through the use of Lindberg’s VDP-triad of ideational analysis as well as thematic analysis. This is important given the power of ideas to shape people’s conceptions of the world and provide road maps for policy makers, as well as the role theory may have in the serving of certain interests. The analysis finds a theory rich in both value judgments, descriptions, and prescriptions, where the most important descriptions regard a unique ontology of radical interdependence, an ontology which deeply affects all other stand-points within the theory. Further, the analysis identifies several areas which need to be clarified and/or confronted in the future development of the theory, including a number of in-consistencies as well as a possible framework for the justification of violence and authoritarian policy.

Avsikten med detta examensarbete är att identifiera, beskriva och förstå företeelser och processer som är en del av den muntliga matematiska kommunikationen mellan lärare och elev i klassrummet. För att uppnå detta har observationer som metod använts och dessa har gjorts i årskurs två och fem. Undersökningen gjordes utifrån två undervisningstyper, helklassundervisning och bänkundervisning. Resultatet visar att vid dessa undervisningstyper är kommunikationen till stor del av lotsande och sluten karaktär. Det vill säga att läraren leder eleven mot svaret genom mer och mer avgränsande frågor respektive att läraren använder frågor som det finns ett, och endast ett rätt svar till. Denna verbala kommunikation uppmuntrar inte eleverna till att vidga sina matematiska begrepp.