The aim of my diploma paper is summing up of graduates´ unemployment in southern Bohemia. The purpose of the paper is to create a compact image of labour market in the Czech Republic and to describe main factors influencing this market in the Czech Republic. My paper should touch state unemployment policy, to chart unemployment in southern Bohemia with the reflection on graduates´ unemployment, chart the structure of unemployed graduates, their possibilities at the labour market in the Czech Republic, to propose possibilities for the decrease of graduates´ unemployment in southern Bohemia. My survey is based on the data from Labour Market Situation Report from several Bureaus of Labour, data from Czech Statistic Office and Ministry of Labour and Social Issues. The graduates themselves are one off the most risk companies from the people who are economically active. The claiming of these groups is worse. The graduates are disadvantaged in comparison with other job applicants {--} less praxes, missing work habits and lox experience. The graduates´ unemployment rage is highly influenced by economical situation in our country, total unemployment, free working station offer degree and rate between supply and demand. It is also influenced by educational structure of graduates at the same time. The employers´ interest in graduates has been increasing. The loss of people at qualified positions is very important {--} firms are forced to offer free positions even to the people with smaller or no praxes. Another reason for the increase is policy development itself, primarily in financial sphere, car industry and in services. Last but not least, graduates´ attractively has been increasing hand in hand with improving quality of their profiles.

The dissertation presents a study of the behavior of unemployment, within the context of the industrial technological restructure, which marked the 1990s in three sectors of the Brazilian Economy: food industry, civil construction and steel industry. It assumes as hypothesis that the restructure of the productive system aggravated the phenomenon of unemployment in all sectors of the Brazilian economy, as it culminated in the aggravation of the structural unemployment in the three sectors that were studied, besides highlighting the heterogeneous aspect in the world within this period. The dissertation follows the following logical explanation: contextualization of the contemporary society after the restructure of the productive system, based on the studies of David Harvey, the behavior of unemployment in Brazil and in the world, after globalization, as well as the effects of the change in the management system, based on Márcio Pochmann; the explanation of the three theories concerning unemployment, based on Enric Sanchis; the qualitative data search and its analysis, based on the researches that were done by DIEESE and IBGE; among others sources that give support to the object of study. / A dissertação apresenta um estudo do comportamento do desemprego, no contexto da reestruturação tecnológica industrial, que marcou a década de 1990 em três setores da economia brasileira: supermercadista, construção civil e indústria siderúrgica. Assumem-se como hipóteses que a reestruturação do sistema produtivo agravou o fenômeno do desemprego em todos os setores da economia brasileira, bem como culminou no agravamento do desemprego estrutural nos três setores estudados, além de acentuar o aspecto heterogêneo no mundo do trabalho no período assinalado. A dissertação segue a seguinte lógica explicativa: contextualização da sociedade contemporânea após a reestruturação do sistema produtivo, com base nos estudos de David Harvey; o comportamento do desemprego no Brasil e no mundo, após a globalização, bem como os efeitos da mudança de modelo de gestão, com base em Márcio Pochmann; a explanação das três teorias acerca do desemprego, com base em Enric Sanchis; a busca de dados quantitativos e as análises dos mesmos, com base nas pesquisas realizadas pelo DIEESE e IBGE; dentre outras fontes que dão suporte ao estudo do objeto.

Unemployment in South Africa has continued to be consistently high as indicated by the various reports published by Statistics South Africa. Unemployment is a global problem where in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries it is related to economic condition. The economic conditions are not solely responsible for the problem of unemployment in South Africa. Consistently high unemployment rates are observed irrespective of the level of economic growth, where unemployment responds marginally to changes Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To understand factors that influence unemployment in South Africa, we need to understand the dynamics of the unemployed population. This study aims at providing a statistical tool useful in improving the understanding of the labour market and enhancing of the labour market policy relevancy. Survival techniques are applied to determine duration dependence, probabilities of exiting unemployment, and the association between socio-demographic factors and unemployment duration. A labour force panel data from Statistic South Africa is used to analyse the time it takes an unemployed person to find employment. The dataset has 4.9 million people who were unemployed during the third quarter of 2013. The data is analysed by computing non-parametric and semi-parametric estimates to avoid making assumption about the functional form of the hazard. The results indicate that the hazard of finding employment is reduced as people spend more time in unemployment (negative duration dependence). People who are unemployed for less than six months have higher hazard functions. The hazards of leaving unemployment at any given duration are significantly lower for people in the following categories - females, adults, education level of lower than tertiary, single or divorced, attending school or doing other activities prior to job search and no work experience. The findings suggest an existence of association between demographics and the length of stay in unemployment; which reflect the nature of the labour market. Due to lower exit probabilities young people spent more time unemployed thus growing out of the age group which is more likely to be employed. Seasonal jobs are not convenient for pregnant women and for those with young kids at their care thus decreasing their employment probabilities. Analysis of factors that affect employment probabilities should be based on datasets which have no seasonal components. The findings suggest that the seasonal components on the labour force panel impacted on the results. According to the findings analysis of unemployment durations can be improved by analysing men and women separately. Men and women have different challenges in the labour market, which influence the association between other demographic factors and unemployment duration / Statistics / M. Sc. (Statistics)

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A presente Dissertação trata de uma análise sobre as questões que envolvem o retorno de jovens casais à casa materna ou paterna causado pelo desemprego e/ou dificuldade de inserção no mercado de trabalho. Questões estas que vão desde a precarização das condições materiais da família até os efeitos do desemprego nas relações familiares. Na constatação deste quadro, uma questão inicial surgiu: O desemprego estaria provocando uma nova dinâmica na organização das famílias de camadas médias urbanas? Ou seja, a recoabitação como estratégia de apoio no momento do desemprego estaria provocando a co-residência forçada entre duas ou mais gerações, alterando assim a tendência à nuclearização da família, iniciada a partir dos nos anos 70? Mais ainda, a dependência entre as gerações estaria comprometendo a autonomia dos indivíduos na família? Essas foram algumas das indagações investigadas nessa pesquisa. / This thesis is an analysis of the issues surrounding the return of young couples to the maternal or paternal house caused by unemployment and / or difficulty in entering the labor market. These issues are ranged from the precarious material conditions of the family until the unemployment effects on family relationships. In finding to this situation, an initial question arose: Would unemployment be leading a new dynamic in the organization of urban middle-class families? That is, would re-living as a support strategy when unemploymetn was happening be causing the forced co-residence between two or more generations, thereby altering the trend toward family nuclearization, started from the '70s? Moreover, could the dependence between generations be compromising the autonomy of individuals in the family? These were some of the questions investigated in this research.

This degree work dealt with the relation between the occurrence of TBC and the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic between 2000-2007. The work researched whether an increase or decrease in the unemployment rate in the Czech Republic influenced changes in the occurrence of TBC. The work was based on an analysis of data from the Authority of Medical Informatics and Statistics regarding the occurrence of TBC and analysis of the number of unemployed people as stated by the Czech Statistics Bureau. The hypothesis {--} with an increasing number of unemployed people the number of people suffering from TBC is increasing in the Czech Republic {--} was confirmed. Results of the research showed that it is necessary to deal with this issue regularly and intensely and that none of us may remain indifferent towards unemployed people (regardless of the fact whether they suffer from TBC or not) because each of use can suddenly become unemployed. Work has ranked among natural human activities for about ten thousand years. It is the most reliable and longest social support in people{\crq}s lives and its loss usually results in a serious disruption of mental and physical health.

Magister Commercii - MCom / The objective of this study was to investigate some socio-demographic aspects and implications of youth unemployment in Galeshewe Township. The study makes use of descriptive statistics to analyze and interpret data collected from a random survey of 947 young persons aged between 18 and 35 years old. An individual questionnaire was administered during the interviews. The results indicate that most unemployed youths are between the ages of twenty-five and twenty-nine years and the majority of them are females. About 58.5% of the unemployed youths have completed secondary education, with 8.9% of them having obtained a tertiary diploma or degree. The majority of the youth do not have previous work experience and this handicaps their ability to secure employment. Most of these young people originate from areas outside Galeshewe. The views collected from the unemployed youth point to the need for government to ensure that tertiary education is accessible in the city in order to improve the level of education of the youth. The government also needs to provide more targeted job creation schemes, especially to those who did well at matriculation level, and to also empower the youth through other skills acquisitions as well as training and programmes that are available. / South Africa

This thesis focuses on the institute termination of employment from the legal and economic point of view. From a legal perspective, it is mainly about the presentation of the most common ways of termination of employment, including acquainting the reader with a steady legal interpretation. From a microeconomic point of view, the termination of employment relates to the consequences for employers and employees and from a macroeconomic perspective, with consequences for the whole society. This is followed by a practical part which connects the foregoing and the current example of OKD Inc., which employs nearly 10 thousand employees and currently finds itself in serious financial difficulties, the state estimates the costs associated with the mass redundancies at different alternatives. These variants are bankruptcy or reorganization provided financial assistance to the state. At the conclusion of the two calculations are compared and outlines a list of partial measures to mitigate the effects of similar events in the future.

The aim of the thesis is to identify the specific impacts of the global financial and economic crisis on the labour market of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The theoretical part deals with the problems of unemployment and presents the basic theoretical approaches to the functioning of the labour market. The paper then presents the underlying causes, development and spread of the economic crisis and its impact on economic performance and labour markets with an emphasis on the development of the unemployment rate in the European Union and Central European countries. The output is the analysis of effects on the labour market of the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the crisis, their evaluation and comparison.

Med anledning av dagens Covid-19 pandemi har svensk arbetsmarknad drabbats hårt vilket har resulterat i en ökad arbetslöshet bland ungdomar. Forskning visar att arbetslöshet har en negativ påverkan på både den enskilda individen och samhället i stort genom bland annat ökad risk för psykisk ohälsa, försummad kompetens och höga samhällskostnader. Detta påvisar vikten av att öka förståelsen och medvetenheten kring situationen som ungdomar som är arbetslösa befinner sig i. Syftet med studien var därför att beskriva och identifiera aspekter som skapar en meningsfull och kompetensutvecklande arbetslöshet utifrån arbetslösa ungdomars egen upplevelse. Studien har utgått från en teoretisk grund i hälsoteorin KASAM och den pedagogiska teorin transformativt lärande. En kvalitativ ansats har tillämpats i studien bestående av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med arbetslösa ungdomar i åldersspannet 19–24 år. Den insamlade datan analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilket medförde i tre huvudkategorier innehållande totalt sex underkategorier. Resultatet redogör för hälsofrämjande aspekter som skapar en trygg, hanterbar och motiverande arbetslöshet. Fortsättningsvis visade resultatet att kompetensutveckling sker både individuellt och kollektivt, vilket förutsätter dialog med andra och eget ansvar. Studiens resultat belyser också att samhället kan tillämpa mer individanpassade insatser för att främja välbefinnandet och lärandet under arbetslösheten. Slutsatsen för den här studien visar att ha individuella resurser tillsammans med stöd från samhällets instanser är viktiga för att främja kompetensutveckling och hälsa hos ungdomar som befinner sig i arbetslöshet. Slutligen kan det även vara väsentliga förutsättningar för att motverka den växande arbetslösheten och skapa en mer jämlik hälsa bland den svenska befolkningen.

The diploma thesis is focused on problematic of unemployment in the district of Kromeriz between 2005 and 2009. I have analysed unemployment per categories, for example age, sex, education etc. The goal of this thesis is to briefly review current situation and suggest improvements which could lead to reduction of unemployment rate in district of Kromeriz in 2010.