The thesis describes and assesses the current state of the transport network situation in the capital of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava. The core topic is a description of the problem areas, assessing the current status and evolution over time, for the urban public transport system.

Alstom Transport, entreprise du transport ferroviaire français, s’interroge sur l’émergence de nouveaux usages dans les véhicules de transports publics urbains. Afin de répondre à cette question, l’approche systémique a été choisie comme cadre théorique. Cette approche permet d’interroger l’organisation du système individus-habitacle. Des observations participantes structurées ont été menées dans 12 villes (dans cinq pays). Le traitement des données combinant les méthodes quantitative et qualitative a permis de décrire le placement en fonction de deux échelles (l’échelle de l’habitacle et l’échelle de l’individu). L’importance dans l’organisation du système de la position assise et de la possibilité de s’adosser a été mis en évidence, ainsi qu’une organisation spatiale des activités des individus. Une forme d’usage potentiellement émergente a pu être observée. Celle-ci interroge une évolution possible de l’organisation de placement, et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives de recherche concernant l’organisation spatiale des activités. / The French rail transport company Alstom Transport inquires whether new usages are emerging in urban public transport vehicles. The systemic approach has been chosen as a theoretical frame to respond to this question. This approach enables to examine the organization of the individual-passenger compartment system. Structured observation has been conduct in 12 cities (5 countries). Data analysis combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies, allows describing the placement based on 2 scales (the passengers compartment and the individual). The sense of the sitting position and the possibility to lean on has been brought to light as well as the spatial organization of activities. A potentially emerging usage could be observed. It interrogates a possible evolution of the organization of placement, and opens new research perspectives regarding the spatial organization of activities.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:44:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 grotta_cad_dr_rcla.pdf: 1999851 bytes, checksum: 4e4bf290b8942acb8fddece5daca363d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho busca estudar o transporte público urbano da região do ABCD, área metropolitana de São Paulo, aplicando-se a abordagem espacial sobre seu espaço da circulação, utilizado por este tipo de transporte. Por esta região ser parte da maior área metropolitana do país, e onde se concentra sua maior produção industrial, o estudo deste sistema de transporte é significativo para o conhecimento da sua inserção num contexto histórico e sócio-econômico importante. Para isto, foi necessário o levantamento dos meios de transporte utilizados na região e seu emprego pela população. Igualmente, buscou-se estudar o histórico do transporte público urbano, vinculando-o à Geografia urbana da região. Com base na aplicação da abordagem espacial, verificou-se que o elo de ligação entre o transporte e a geografia reside, sobretudo, na acessibilidade, apesar da importância quantitativa da mobilidade. E, a acessibilidade, se vincula diretamente ao conceito de redes. Assim, com base nestas premissas, elaboramos uma teoria da acessibilidade espacial, e a aplicamos a um modelo de transporte público para a região, visando melhorar o atendimento oferecido à população. Duas teses, uma de cunho metodológico, foram apresentadas, referentes à aplicação da teoria espacial ao transporte urbano e ao padrão de rede celular para a configuração do transporte coletivo. / The present work searches to study the urban public transport in the ABCD region, inserted in São Paulo metropolitan area, applying a spacial approach upon the circulation space, by where this means of transportation circulates. Due to this region being part of the largest metropolitan area of the country, and where the major industrial production is concentrated, the study of this transportation social system is significant to the knowledge of its insertion in an important historic and socioeconomic context. So, it was necessary the acquaintance of the existing means of transportation in the region and its use by the people. Included, one search to study the urban public transportation history, related to the urban geography of the area. Based on the space approach application, one verified that the linkage between transport and geography lies, mainly, in the acessibility, despite the importance of mobility. And the acessibility relates directly to the network concept. Though, based on these premisses, one elaborated a space acessibility theory, trying to apply to a public transport model in the region, aiming to improve the service offered to the people. Two thesis (one methodological) were presented, referring to the application of the spatial theory to urban transport e to the pattern of a celular network for the purpose of public transport configuration.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-12-07T10:56:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 7299233 bytes, checksum: 5cc0acb2317418d5ef01930594d67d03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-07T10:56:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 7299233 bytes, checksum: 5cc0acb2317418d5ef01930594d67d03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-24 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Worldwide the issue of urban mobility has been much discussed. Cities grow, and with them the need for a more rational, sustainable, efficient, good quality transport system. However, in Brazil, urban mobility problems have worsened increasingly in large and medium-sized urban centers, resulting mainly from the sprawling and inefficient growth of cities, loss of attractiveness of urban public transport, because of their low quality and prioritization of the car in intra-urbans shifts. In João Pessoa, mid-sized city, state capital of Paraiba, these phenomena can be observed. Thus, the general objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the Public Transportation System by Bus of João Pessoa (PB), according to the perception of users and its technical performance. The specific objectives were to discuss the issue of urban mobility and specific issues of public transport; describe the organization of the Public Transportation System by bus in João Pessoa; check the views of system users and evaluate the perception they have about the quality; and evaluate the technical performance of the system according to quantitative and qualitative parameters. The quality attributes studied were: accessibility, frequency of service, travel time, capacity, reliability, security, vehicle characteristics, characteristics of bus stops, information system, connectivity, operators' behavior, cost to the user and status of routes. The methodology for evaluating the perception of users was based on the survey method, and the views of users captured by questionnaires. For the evaluation of technical performance, were used statistical and geospatial analysis tools, field research and evaluation techniques found in national and international literature. The assessment of perception showed that for users, the most critical factors are the cost (fare), security with regard to acts of violence (such as robberies and assaults) and capacity, while the accessibility, connectivity and behavior of operators got the best ratings. From a technical point of view, they stood out positively physical accessibility, related to satisfactory spatial coverage of bus stops, and safety linked to traffic accidents, with rates ranging from regular to good; whereas, among the attributes that had more problems, were can highlight the capacity, at least for a few lines in certain periods, the information system, which mainly hinders the unusual use of the service, and the cost to the user, result of a pricing model that is trapped in a dangerous vicious circle. / Em todo o mundo, a questão da mobilidade urbana tem sido muito discutida. As cidades crescem, e com elas a necessidade de um sistema de transportes mais racional, sustentável, eficiente e de boa qualidade. Contudo, no Brasil, problemas de mobilidade urbana têm se agravado cada vez mais nos grandes e médios centros urbanos, resultado principalmente do crescimento espraiado e ineficiente das cidades, de perda de atratividade do transporte público urbano, em virtude de sua baixa qualidade, e da priorização do automóvel nos deslocamentos intraurbanos. Em João Pessoa, cidade média capital do estado da Paraíba, estes fenômenos podem ser observados. Assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do Sistema de Transporte Público por Ônibus de João Pessoa (PB) de acordo com a percepção dos usuários e com o desempenho técnico. Os objetivos específicos foram: discutir a problemática da mobilidade urbana e questões específicas do transporte público; descrever a organização do Sistema de Transporte Público por Ônibus de João Pessoa; verificar a opinião dos usuários do sistema e avaliar a percepção que eles têm acerca da qualidade; e avaliar o desempenho técnico do sistema de acordo com parâmetros quantitativos e qualitativos. Os atributos da qualidade estudados foram: acessibilidade, frequência de atendimento, tempo de viagem, lotação, confiabilidade, segurança, características dos veículos, características dos locais de parada, sistema de informações, conectividade, comportamento dos operadores, custo para o usuário e estado das vias. A metodologia para avaliação da percepção dos usuários baseou-se no método survey, sendo a opinião dos usuários captada por meio de questionários. Para a avaliação do desempenho técnico, foram utilizadas ferramentas de análise estatística e geoespacial, pesquisas de campo e técnicas de avaliação encontradas na literatura nacional e internacional. A avaliação da percepção mostrou que, para os usuários, os atributos mais críticos são o custo (tarifa), a segurança com relação a atos de violência (como assaltos e agressões) e a lotação, enquanto a acessibilidade, a conectividade e o comportamento dos operadores obtiveram as melhores avaliações. Do ponto de vista técnico, destacaram-se positivamente a acessibilidade física, relacionada à satisfatória cobertura espacial dos pontos de ônibus, e a segurança ligada a acidentes de trânsito, com índices que variaram de regular a bom; ao passo que, entre os atributos que apresentaram mais problemas, pode-se destacar a lotação, ao menos para algumas linhas em determinados períodos, o sistema de informações, que dificulta principalmente o uso não habitual do serviço, e o custo para o usuário, resultado de um modelo tarifário que está preso num perigoso círculo vicioso.

Orientador: Sílvia Selingardi Sampaio / Banca: Juergen Richard Langenbuch / Banca: José Bernardes Felex / Banca: Eliseu Savério Sposito / Banca: Paulo Roberto Joia / Resumo: O presente trabalho busca estudar o transporte público urbano da região do ABCD, área metropolitana de São Paulo, aplicando-se a abordagem espacial sobre seu espaço da circulação, utilizado por este tipo de transporte. Por esta região ser parte da maior área metropolitana do país, e onde se concentra sua maior produção industrial, o estudo deste sistema de transporte é significativo para o conhecimento da sua inserção num contexto histórico e sócio-econômico importante. Para isto, foi necessário o levantamento dos meios de transporte utilizados na região e seu emprego pela população. Igualmente, buscou-se estudar o histórico do transporte público urbano, vinculando-o à Geografia urbana da região. Com base na aplicação da abordagem espacial, verificou-se que o elo de ligação entre o transporte e a geografia reside, sobretudo, na acessibilidade, apesar da importância quantitativa da mobilidade. E, a acessibilidade, se vincula diretamente ao conceito de redes. Assim, com base nestas premissas, elaboramos uma teoria da acessibilidade espacial, e a aplicamos a um modelo de transporte público para a região, visando melhorar o atendimento oferecido à população. Duas teses, uma de cunho metodológico, foram apresentadas, referentes à aplicação da teoria espacial ao transporte urbano e ao padrão de rede celular para a configuração do transporte coletivo. / Abstract: The present work searches to study the urban public transport in the ABCD region, inserted in São Paulo metropolitan area, applying a spacial approach upon the circulation space, by where this means of transportation circulates. Due to this region being part of the largest metropolitan area of the country, and where the major industrial production is concentrated, the study of this transportation social system is significant to the knowledge of its insertion in an important historic and socioeconomic context. So, it was necessary the acquaintance of the existing means of transportation in the region and its use by the people. Included, one search to study the urban public transportation history, related to the urban geography of the area. Based on the space approach application, one verified that the linkage between transport and geography lies, mainly, in the acessibility, despite the importance of mobility. And the acessibility relates directly to the network concept. Though, based on these premisses, one elaborated a space acessibility theory, trying to apply to a public transport model in the region, aiming to improve the service offered to the people. Two thesis (one methodological) were presented, referring to the application of the spatial theory to urban transport e to the pattern of a celular network for the purpose of public transport configuration. / Doutor

Lorsque surviennent des risques naturels, les dommages aux systèmes urbains représentent habituellement des conséquences économiques et sociales importantes. Parmi eux, les systèmes de transport guidé restent aujourd'hui particulièrement vulnérables notamment face au risque inondation. Par ailleurs, le concept de résilience connait d’importants développements dans le domaine de la gestion des risques naturels. La résilience peut se définir comme la capacité d’un système à absorber une perturbation et à récupérer ses fonctions à la suite de celle-ci.L’objectif de la thèse est d’étudier la vulnérabilité et la résilience des systèmes de transport guidé face au risque inondation à partir d’une analyse des mécanismes de défaillance. Ces systèmes sont assimilables à des systèmes hautement compliqués avec de multiples interdépendances entre les éléments. Etudier ces interdépendances, dans le cas d’une inondation, permet une approche comparative des trois configurations traditionnelles d’implantation d’un système de transport guidé~: en souterrain, en surface et en aérien.Cette démarche qualitative est combinée à une modélisation probabiliste, basée sur l’utilisation des réseaux bayésiens, du système soumis à un risque inondation. La thèse présente la démarche construite qui rend possible~: l’élaboration d’une approche globale c’est-à-dire de l’occurrence de l’aléa avec ses caractéristiques données d’intensité~; l’identification des dommages matériels directs~; l’identification des dommages matériels indirects c’est-à-dire ceux occasionnés par des effets domino~; la déduction des conséquences fonctionnelles c’est-à-dire les modes de fonctionnement dégradé du système relatif à son exploitation / The vulnerability of guided transport systems facing natural hazards is a burning issue for the urban risks management. Experience feedbacks on guided transport systems show they are particularly vulnerable to natural risks, especially flood risks. Besides, the resilience concept is used as a systemic approach for making an accurate analysis of the effect of these natural risks on rail guided transport systems.The purpose of this thesis is to provide an analysis of guided transport systems’ resilience in the face of flood risks through a study of the failure mechanisms to which the components of these systems are subjected. Indeed, the urban critical infrastructures such as guided transport systems are complex systems in which the components are strongly interdependent. This interdependency may imply many failures caused by cascade effect within the system.Moreover, the qualitative methodology is linked to a probabilistic framework. Indeed, from the probability of a natural hazard occurring with a given intensity through components failures due to cascade effect, the objective is to assess the probability of degraded modes of operation. This probabilistic framework allows to shift from a qualitative approach based on dependability methods to a quantitative approach based on Bayesian networks

The thesis is about design of autonomous tram, which is part of integrated system of adaptive control of city traffic. The thesis includes research of history and current production of tram view of design, technologic solution and prospects. The next part contains design solution, which includes layout of interior, color and graphic solution with regard to technical solution and ergonomics requirements.

Orientador: Sandra Elisa Contri Pitton / Banca: Silvia Aparecida Guarnieri Ortigoza / Banca: Tânia Maria de Campos Leite / Resumo: Num panorama de fortes desigualdades sociais, o Brasil apresenta uma população formada por grupos abaixo da linha da pobreza, de um lado, e classes com rendas individuais acima da média per capita de países desenvolvidos, do outro. As barreiras impostas pela desigualdade social podem ser reduzidas por uma política de transporte público que promova a mobilidade das pessoas e a sua acessibilidade aos locais de interesse. A mobilidade cotidiana e o acesso aos meios de transporte são necessidades essenciais à realização da maioria das atividades econômicas e sociais da população. Diante disto, este trabalho analisa a mobilidade da população de baixa renda da região sudeste de Teresina, usuária do trem urbano, levando em consideração o transporte público coletivo, como um importante fator contribuinte do desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental das cidades / Abstract: In a scene of strong social inequalities, Brazil has in its population groups below the poverty line, on one hand, and classes with individual incomes above the average per capita in developed countries, on the other. The barriers imposed by social inequality can be reduced by a public transport policy that promotes the mobility of people and their accessibility to places of interest. The mobility and access to daily transportation needs are essential to the realization of most economic and social activities of the population. Given this, this study analyzes the mobility of low-income population in the region southeast of Teresina, user's urban train taking into account, the public transportation as a major contributing factor of economic, social and environmental impact of cities / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:56:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_fjg_me_rcla.pdf: 3780384 bytes, checksum: b3437f8b7eeaf30a0c297cf9a7db1f9d (MD5) / Num panorama de fortes desigualdades sociais, o Brasil apresenta uma população formada por grupos abaixo da linha da pobreza, de um lado, e classes com rendas individuais acima da média per capita de países desenvolvidos, do outro. As barreiras impostas pela desigualdade social podem ser reduzidas por uma política de transporte público que promova a mobilidade das pessoas e a sua acessibilidade aos locais de interesse. A mobilidade cotidiana e o acesso aos meios de transporte são necessidades essenciais à realização da maioria das atividades econômicas e sociais da população. Diante disto, este trabalho analisa a mobilidade da população de baixa renda da região sudeste de Teresina, usuária do trem urbano, levando em consideração o transporte público coletivo, como um importante fator contribuinte do desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental das cidades / In a scene of strong social inequalities, Brazil has in its population groups below the poverty line, on one hand, and classes with individual incomes above the average per capita in developed countries, on the other. The barriers imposed by social inequality can be reduced by a public transport policy that promotes the mobility of people and their accessibility to places of interest. The mobility and access to daily transportation needs are essential to the realization of most economic and social activities of the population. Given this, this study analyzes the mobility of low-income population in the region southeast of Teresina, user’s urban train taking into account, the public transportation as a major contributing factor of economic, social and environmental impact of cities

The overall aim of  this thesis is create awareness about the importance of linking projects to their historical, organizational and environmental context. This dissertation concerns the analysis of a project contract developed by a new urban transport company in Bogotá, Colombia, with large and complex settings. The project was studied during 4 months, using and ethnographic research approach and different qualitative data collection methods, such as formal interviews, archival research and informal meetings. The study involves an inductive process from which discussion is developed from the observation of empirical reality of this particular case study. The main outcome of the study was to illustrate that tough the impact of contextual variables is difficult to foresee and translate into project management concepts, the analysis of sources of complexity, dynamics and uncertainty in different aspects of the context environment, e.g. legal, political, economical, and cultural, gives a good understanding about the influence of the context dimension in projects. Contextual parameters are often outside the scope of project management, and for this reason, high quality of project planning cannot always compensate for the possible negative effects of these external variables. In addition, the boundaries inside and outside the project’s organization increase the complexity inside the project, and tensions between these boundaries can be of great impact during the project--‐planning phase. This dissertation shows through empirical reality that “o project is an island, they are open systems, with permeable boundaries”(Engwall, 2003).