L’étalement urbain constitue un enjeu de société qui préoccupe tous les acteurs de l’aménagement du territoire. Le développement de superficies urbanisées à la périphérie des villes à des fins résidentielle, industrielle, commerciale et d’infrastructures se caractérise par une faible densité des structures bâties et par une perte de terres agricoles. Les conséquences sont importantes notamment parce que ces pertes sont irréversibles. Ce projet de recherche analyse les tendances actuelles de l’étalement urbain dans la RMR de Montréal et au-delà de celle-ci ainsi que ses impacts sur les territoires agricoles. Il comporte trois objectifs secondaires. Le premier objectif vise à analyser l’importance de la multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture et sa prise en compte dans les stratégies d’aménagement et de revitalisation agricole dans les MRC. Le deuxième objectif vise à établir les liens entre ces stratégies et les pressions urbaines dans la région métropolitaine de Montréal. Les pressions urbaines des 88 municipalités sont analysées en fonction de l’augmentation de la population et des ménages, par le nombre de mises en chantier ainsi que par les demandes de modification de la zone agricole déposées par les municipalités auprès de la CPTAQ entre 2000 et 2009. Le dernier objectif vise à identifier les MRC qui ont développé ces stratégies dans leur schéma d’aménagement et de développement (SAD), pour ensuite comparer les intentions et les actions des MRC par rapport à l’étalement urbain qui se développe concrètement sur leur territoire depuis l’an 2000. Pour ce faire, deux critères ont été retenus : une typologie des stratégies d’aménagement et de revitalisation agricole des SAD et les positions adoptées par les acteurs impliqués dans les demandes de modification. En conclusion, les cinq MRC analysées en détail ont demandé entre 2,1 % et 2,6 % de leur propre zone agricole au cours des dix dernières années, peu importe l’élaboration de leur SAD et les pressions urbaines qu’elles subissent. / Urban sprawl represents a challenge to society of concern for all the players in regional land use planning. The development of urbanised areas on the edges of cities for residential, industrial, commercial and infrastructure purposes is characterised by low density development and a loss of farmland. The consequences are important because these losses are irreversible. This research project analyses current trends of urban sprawl in the Montreal Census Metropolitan Region and the surrounding area as well as its impacts on agricultural areas. There are three secondary objectives. The first one is to analyse the importance of the multi-functionality of agriculture and how it has been taken into account in the strategies for agricultural planning and revitalisation in the Regional Municipal Counties (RMC). The second one aims to establish the linkages between these strategies and the urban pressures in the Montreal metropolitan region. Urban pressures are analysed in the context of 88 municipalities as a function of the increases in population and households and the number of construction projects initiated as well as the requests for modification of their agricultural zones submitted by the municipalities to Quebec’s Agricultural Land Protection Commission between 2000 and 2009. The final objective aims to identify those RMC which have developed strategies in their regional land use development plan for their agricultural zone, in order then to compare the intentions and actions of the RMC with the urban sprawl which has actually taken place in their territory since 2000. To accomplish this, two criteria were used: a typology of the planning and revitalisation strategies for the agricultural zones and the positions adopted by the players involved in formulating the requests for modification. By way of conclusion, the 5 RMC analysed in detail requested the withdrawal of between 2.1 % and 2.6 % of their own agricultural zone during the last 10 years, regardless of their own agricultural development plan and the actual urban pressures they had experienced.

Miestai – vienas svarbiausių veiksnių, neišvengiamai darančių įtaktą aplinkai ir klimato pasikeitimams. Tipiškos šiuolaikinių miestų problemos – užterštas oras, automobilių spūstys gatvėse, žalingas triukšmas, prastos kokybės užstatyta aplinka, apleista žemė, gausėjančios atliekos. Šio baigiamojo magistro darbo tikslas – kompleksiškai išanalizuoti svarbiausias miestų plėtros įtakos klimato kaitai reguliavimo priemones bei jų įgyvendinimo būdus darnaus vystymosi kontekste. Darbo objektas – miestų plėtros įtakos klimatui valdymo procesas. Baigiamojo magistro darbo dėstomąją dalį sudaro 4 skyriai. Pirmajame skyriuje aptarta miestų plėtros samprata bei poveikis klimatui. Antrajame - miestų reikšmė bei išvardintos miestų problemos. Trečiajame skyriuje apžvelgtos Europos Sąjungoje naudojamos aplinkos valdymo priemonės, taip pat urbanizacijos poveikio aplinkai mažinimas ir reguliavimo sprendimai Lietuvoje. Šiame skyriuje taip pat apibrėžta darnaus, kompaktiško miesto vizija. Siekiant užsibrėžto darbo tikslo tyrimui panaudota mokslinės literatūros, aktualių įstatymų bei kitų teisės aktų bei kt. šaltinių analizė, visuomenės nuomonės apklausa, gautų duomenų statistinė analizė bei interpretavimas. Atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė ir empirinis tyrimas iš esmės patvirtino darbe iškeltą hipotezę, kad 1) integralus ir kompleksiškas aplinkosaugos principų diegimas visuose viešojo valdymo lygmenyse ir 2) socialinės ir švietimo programos, padedančios ugdyti piliečių ekologinę kultūrą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Cities are complex and rapidly changing their social, economic and technological systems, with inevitable impacts on the environment and climate change. The main problems are – air pollution, traffic jams on the streets, damaging noise, poor quality built environment, derelict land, increasing quantities of waste. The purpose of this work is – a complex analysis of the most important urban development impact on climate change, regulatory measures and their implementation in the context of sustainable development. The objective of this work – study the urban sprawl‘s impact on the climate and it‘s regulation. Conclusive part of master’s lecturing work is made out of 4 sections. The first section discusses the meaning of urban sprawl and impact on climate. The second – value of the cities and its problems. In the third section it‘s overviewed the environmental controlling measures used in European Union, reducing the urbanization impact on climate and regulatory solutions in Lithuania. In this section it is also defined a vision of sustainable and compact city. In order to reach the objective of this work, scientific literatures, relevant laws and regulation sources analysis, a survey of public opinion and statistical data analysis were used. Scientific literature analysis and empirical study confirmed hypothesis that: 1) the integral and complex environmental principles installation in public administration at all levels, and 2) social and educational programs which help to... [to full text]

Submitted by Frederico Ramos (fred.r.ramos@gmail.com) on 2014-03-21T12:51:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Frederico Ramos Tese 2014.pdf: 11399489 bytes, checksum: 7ef1919906b38915cc808aa43da9075b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PAMELA BELTRAN TONSA (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2014-03-21T13:12:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Frederico Ramos Tese 2014.pdf: 11399489 bytes, checksum: 7ef1919906b38915cc808aa43da9075b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-21T13:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Frederico Ramos Tese 2014.pdf: 11399489 bytes, checksum: 7ef1919906b38915cc808aa43da9075b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / This thesis presents new methodological possibilities within the field of urbanism through the application of techniques derived from the Geoinformation Science within the urban economics theories framework. The work is organized in three essays. Each of them presents and analyses one relevant question of the urban economics theories for the specific context of the Brazilian contemporary cities. The objective of the first essay is to investigate the relation between the processes of urban sprawl and spatial segregation in the city of São Paulo. Establishing the discussion in the theories of urban economics, the essay is based on the assumption that both processes result from the operation of housing market, including its inherent failures that drives the distribution of the population groups according to the different social characteristics. The work focuses on the central issue of the continuous occupation of the fringes of the city and the consequences for the spatial urban structure. The second essay is dedicated to the investigation of the distribution of employment subcenters in the city of São Paulo and their relation with the land rent gradients. In the third essay, we are again interested in the process of urban sprawl, but here we introduce a dynamic perspective having the Amazonian fast growing medium size cities as examples. The objective is to investigate the impact of the expectations for the future enhancement of land values among the landholders and the impact in conversion for different land use in the urban fringes. Using remote sensing data, we compare the uses and land covers previously to the urban conversion identifying a scale of urban land use potential. The thesis is based on the assumption that is possible to establish mathematical-computational representation of the spatial urban structure with the use of geographical information systems, and aims to contribute to the constitution of digital territories as quantitative expressions of environmental and social concepts that define the urban structure. Through these representations, this thesis aims to contribute to the insertion of the territorial dimension on the political and economic decision making processes that continuously interfere in our cities and in the life conditions that they propitiate. / Esta tese apresenta novas possibilidades metodológicas no campo do urbanismo através da aplicação de técnicas derivadas da ciência da geoinformação a luz das teorias de economia urbana. O trabalho está organizado em torno de três ensaios. Cada ensaio se dedica a apresentação e análise de uma questão específica identificada como relevante dentro das teorias da economia urbana no contexto de cidades brasileiras. O primeiro ensaio tem como objetivo investigar as relações que possam existir entre os processos de expansão urbana e a segregação socioespacial na cidade de São Paulo. Situando a discussão dentro de uma perspectiva de economia urbana, o ensaio parte do pressuposto de que ambos os processos estão relacionados às forças de mercado habitacional, incluindo suas falhas inerentes, que acabam por definir a distribuição dos grupos populacionais de acordo com suas características socioeconômicas. O estudo se debruça sobre uma questão central ao debate urbanístico atual que é a ocupação contínua das áreas de fronteira urbana e na forma como este processo impacta a estrutura urbana. O segundo capítulo traz o ensaio onde tratamos de analisar as questões relativas à distribuição dos empregos na cidade de São Paulo e suas consequências para os modelos de economia urbana baseados em gradientes de renda e valor da terra. O terceiro capítulo traz o ensaio no qual retomamos a discussão sobre os processos de expansão urbana, porém situando a discussão a partir de uma perspectiva dinâmica em cidades médias em rápido crescimento demográfico. Neste contexto, há o reconhecimento de que a composição dos preços da terra nas áreas limítrofes da mancha urbana sofre uma forte influência de expectativas de retornos levando a uma sobrevalorização do preço gerada por processos de retenção de terras. Em uma análise aplicada às cidades amazônicas de Marabá e Santarém, buscamos caracterizar em uma perspectiva comparativa os processos de conversão da terra em usos urbanos nas últimas três décadas. Incorporando a informação sobre os usos do solo anteriores a conversão para uso urbano, criamos uma escala de potencial de conversão relativo a cada uso. Partindo do pressuposto de que é possível estabelecer representações matemático-computacionais da estrutura urbana em sistemas de informação geográfica, o trabalho espera contribuir para a constituição dos territórios digitais como expressões quantitativas de conceitos sobre os diferentes processos ambientais e socioeconômicos que acabam por definir o ambiente urbano. Através destas representações, buscar inserir o território no centro das decisões políticas e econômicas que seguem continuamente conformando essas cidades e as condições objetivas de vida que elas propiciam.

Le périurbain est souvent décrié, notamment en raison des formes urbaines produites par un étalement urbainspatiophage et polymorphe. Depuis les lois relatives à la Solidarité et au Renouvellement Urbains (2000) et Grenelle II (2010), le législateur a fait de la lutte contre l‘étalement urbain une priorité nationale. Pour la première fois en France, des outils de planification urbaine tels que les Plans Locaux d’Urbanisme (PLU) ou les Schémas de Cohérence Territoriale (SCoT) sont « officiellement » chargés de lutter contre la consommation excessive des terres agricoles. Au delà de la lutte contre l’étalement urbain se pose la question de la mesure du phénomène. Cette thèse propose d’analyser la morphologie urbaine produite par le processus de périurbanisation à partir d’une méthodologie originale et reproductible à d’autres territoires, reposant sur la télédétection et la photointerprétation et élaborée à l’échelle de l’aire urbaine duMans. Cette recherche mobilise deux approches complémentaires : l’analyse spatiale – diachronique etmultiscalaire – est utilisée pour quantifier le phénomène d’étalement urbain ; l’analyse des entretiens menés auprès des élus permettant de confronter les discours aux pratiques d’urbanisation identifiées grâce à l’analyse spatiale. Les études menées à l’échelle communale révèlent que la délimitation morphologique du périurbain est l’une des conditions sine qua non pour envisager une reprise en main urbanistique de cet espace. Au même titre que l’évolution accélérée de laville contemporaine a donné naissance à l’urbanisme au début du XXe siècle, nous posons ici l’hypothèse que lanotion de périurbanisme pourrait qualifier la mise en ordre nécessaire du périurbain. / Suburbia is often criticized, especially because urban forms produced by urban sprawl and spatiophage multiforme. Since the laws Solidarity and Urban Renewal (2000) and Grenelle II (2010), the legislature has made the fight against urban sprawl a national priority. For the first time in France, the urban planning tools such as Plan Local d’Urbanisme (PLU) orSchémas de Cohérence Territoriale (SCoT) are "officially" in charge of the fight against the excessive consumption of agricultural land. Beyond the fight against urban sprawl is the question of the extent of the phenomenon. This thesis proposes to analyze urban morphology produced by the process of suburbanization from an original and reproduciblemethodology to other territories, based on remote sensing and photo interpretation and developed across the urban area Le Mans. This research uses two complementary approaches: spatial analysis - diachronic and multiscale - is used toquantify the phenomenon of urban sprawl; analysis of interviews with elected officials to compare the speech to urbanization practices identified through spatial analysis. Studies conducted at the municipal level show that the morphological delimitation of peri is a condition sine qua non to consider a recovery in hand urban space. As well as the accelerated evolution of the contemporary city gave birth to urban planning in the early twentieth century, we pose the hypothesis that the concept of périurbanisme might call the ordering of suburban necessary.

Urban greenbelts are considered a key instrument for shaping sustainable urban growth and protecting the environment in a large number of cities in the world. In most cities, there is a widely shared belief that urban greenbelts are beneficial to the natural environment. By contrast, there is little understanding of the underlying economic impacts of greenbelts and other green space configurations in fast growing cities. The unprecedented rate and scale of urbanisation in the emerging economies has brought the role of greenbelts into an even sharper focus. In cities within these fast growing economies, the urban population is expected to double in the coming decades, which means that greenbelts are under great pressures to adapt to the large forthcoming growth. Few existing urban models are capable of addressing the dynamic nature of the urban transformations and predicting the impacts of urban greenbelts in the developing world. This prompts us to develop a new modelling method that is capable of assessing the impacts of different configurations, scales and locations of green spaces. We then use it to examine alternative futures to the greenbelt through a case study of Greater Beijing. The method we developed is a new variant in the land use-transport interaction (LUTI) model family. This model is capable of addressing the non-equilibrium nature of urban land use and transport development and the equilibrium nature of the day-to-day adaptations made by businesses and citizens. This LUTI model aims to answer the following questions: what are the short-term and long-term economic impacts of a greenbelt on a fast growing city? Which alternative green space configuration performs better in terms of economic well-being and travel costs? Where and how much should the greenbelt land be progressively reshaped or released as the city grows? The new LUTI model is calibrated and validated using data collected for 1990, 2000 and 2010 for Greater Beijing, The model is first tested retrospectively through revisiting the past greenbelt policies in Beijing from 1990 to 2010. Then the impacts of different future green space configurations from 2010 to 2030 are predicted and assessed through quantifying economic costs/benefits and travel costs for socio-economic groups. The model results suggest that under rapid transformative urban change, the configuration, scale and location of a greenbelt have a significant impact on a city’s economic efficiency. Such impacts will transcend the greenbelt boundary, and even the boundary of Beijing Municipality, onto the entire city region. A narrow greenbelt launched in the early age of urban expansion could lead to spatial mismatch of residents and jobs. A wide and strictly controlled ring-shaped greenbelt is not the highest performing intervention either, in terms of economic well-being. The green-wedges configuration is a remedial policy that balances the economic efficiency and environmental benefits. Intensive development around metro/rail stations in the designated greenbelt could reduce spatial costs and promote sustainable travel modes. This implies that a careful siting of new development within existing designations of the greenbelt can be beneficial in terms of economic well-being and sustainable transport.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-14T11:24:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Carolina Fernandes Pires - 2018.pdf: 9380227 bytes, checksum: e5582a51bf4fddf8aecd6825577eea20 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-14T11:34:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Carolina Fernandes Pires - 2018.pdf: 9380227 bytes, checksum: e5582a51bf4fddf8aecd6825577eea20 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:34:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Carolina Fernandes Pires - 2018.pdf: 9380227 bytes, checksum: e5582a51bf4fddf8aecd6825577eea20 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-29 / The urbanization process of the Brazilian metropolitan regions has not been sustainable. These areas are characterized for its dichotomic central-peripheral model of city expansion, in which the intense conurbation and dependence among its municipalities allow intermunicipal commuting to happen. The latter usually happen through mass transit buses, which circulate without priority infrastructure and low passenger turnover. In the peripheral municipalities, urban occupation has happened in a scattered way, which turns infrastructure provision more expensive in these areas, and, because of that, scarcer, something that also undermines the efficiency of public transportation. A modal of transportation is needed between not too dense urban occupations, with a small amount of passengers, regularly traversing urban voids. Considering this background, this research aims at characterizing the impacts that the urban sprawl and the metropolitan relations cause into the mass transit, through a case study about selected municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia. In order to achieve this goal, indicators of quality and efficiency were selected to evaluate the mass transit system in two different dates, 2010 and 2017, when the system of mass transit that meets the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia present distinct settings to serve the metropolitan population, which, in this time interval, grew in a scattered and expanded manner in the peripheral municipalities. The proposed analysis aims at allying the results shown by the indicators to the urban spot spatial growth of the selected peripheral municipalities, and the spatial setting that the system presents in both dates. The results demonstrate that the intermunicipal commuting and the low density of intramunicipal passengers impair the economic efficiency of the system, causing economic impacts, while the excessive distance, which characterizes the commuting, and the frequency of intramunicipal bus lines impair this system quality, causing social impacts. The methodological procedure has proved itself adequate for the identification and registration of the case under investigation, and it may contribute to a better comprehension of the metropolitan relations, for the urban occupation resultant of these relations and from the displacements generated by such relationships. The conclusion of this work demonstrates a strong need for decentralization of the socio-economic activities in the MRG (Metropolitan Region of Goiânia) and for politics that may promote mass transit in this region. / O processo de urbanização ao qual estão submetidas as regiões metropolitanas brasileiras não tem ocorrido de forma sustentável. Essas regiões são caraterizadas pelo modelo dicotômico centro-periferia de expansão das cidades, em que a intensa conurbação e dependência entre seus municípios propiciam os deslocamentos pendulares intermunicipais, realizados geralmente por ônibus coletivo, que circulam sem infraestrutura prioritária para este modo e com baixa rotatividade de passageiros. Nos municípios periféricos, a ocupação urbana tem ocorrido de forma espraiada no território, o que torna a provisão de infraestruturas nessas áreas mais dispendiosa e, por isso, mais escassa, o que também prejudica a eficiência do transporte coletivo, que precisa circular entre ocupações urbanas pouco densas, com baixa demanda de passageiros, muitas vezes percorrendo vazios urbanos. Diante deste contexto, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de caracterizar os impactos que o espraiamento urbano e as relações metropolitanas provocam no sistema de transporte coletivo, a partir de um estudo de caso com municípios selecionados da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia. Para alcançar tal objetivo, foram selecionados indicadores para avaliação da qualidade e eficiência do sistema de transporte coletivo em duas datas distintas, 2010 e 2017, nas quais o sistema de transporte coletivo que atende a Região Metropolitana de Goiânia apresenta configurações distintas para atender a população metropolitana que, neste intervalo temporal, cresceu de forma expandida e espraiada nos municípios periféricos. A análise proposta procura aliar o resultado demonstrado pelos indicadores ao crescimento espacial da mancha urbana dos municípios periféricos e selecionados, e também à configuração espacial que o sistema apresenta nas duas datas. Os resultados demonstram que os deslocamentos pendulares intermunicipais e a baixa densidade de passageiros intramunicipais prejudicam a eficiência econômica do sistema, causando impactos econômicos, enquanto a distância excessiva que caracteriza os deslocamentos pendulares e a frequência das linhas de ônibus intramunicipais prejudicam a qualidade deste sistema, causando impactos sociais. O procedimento metodológico mostrou-se adequado para o registro e identificação do processo investigado, e pode contribuir para melhor compreensão das relações metropolitanas, da forma de ocupação urbana resultante destas relações e dos deslocamentos gerados em função de tais relações. A conclusão deste trabalho demonstra a forte necessidade de descentralização das atividades socioeconômicas na RMG e a necessidade de políticas que possam potencializar o transporte coletivo nesta região.

Sprawl seems an inevitable phenomenon because of the rapid expansion in urban area. It has some negative consequences, such as long transport distance to work, high car dependence and inadequate facilities. Recently, it pointed as causing a lot of urban problems and the situation has been worsening. This thesis asks the question: could there be a conscious way to prevent this issue? To deal with it, this thesis firstly conducts an intensive study about theories of compact city and satellite city. In the second part, in order to investigate how those theories are reflected and implemented in real examples, this thesis analyzes two cases and discusses about how urban sprawl happened in London and Shanghai as well as to what extent theories were served in these two cities. The investigation produces some results related to the process of urbanization, common actions which authorities would take towards it, and some highlights in the pre-experience. So when facing with urban sprawl, the measure might be dealt with it in a more conscious way.

Die Dissertation beleuchtet das Thema Flächenverbrauch, welcher seit Jahrzehnten eines der dringlichsten Umweltprobleme in Deutschland und Europa darstellt, zumal mit ihm eine Reihe sozialer und wirtschaftlicher, u. a. fiskalischer, Auswirkungen einhergehen. Hauptschwerpunkt der Dissertation bilden retrospektive indikatorengestützte GIS-Analysen urbaner und suburbaner Regionen, für welche Flächennutzungs- und Transportsysteme-Datenbanken von acht europäischen Großstädten – Bilbao, Bratislava, Dresden, Kopenhagen, Lyon, München, Palermo und Porto – aus den EU-Projekten MURBANDY/MOLAND über einen Zeitraum von 50 Jahren anhand von vier Zeitschnitten (Anfang der 1950er bis Ende der 1990er Jahre) untersucht wurden. Dabei wurden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede in den Entwicklungen der Städte, ansatzweise ebenso mit Blick auf die unterschiedlichen Wirtschaftssysteme, herausgearbeitet. Hauptziel der Dissertation ist es, eine Lücke zwischen theoretischer Analyse des Flächenverbrauchs und der damit oft einhergehenden Zersiedelung, konkret in (sub)urbanen Siedlungsräumen, und der praktischen Vermittlung der Thematik, hauptsächlich mittels geeigneter kartographischer Darstellungsformen, zu schließen. Des Weiteren versucht die Dissertation, einerseits die wissenschaftliche Erforschung des Flächenverbrauchs mit dem politischen Handlungsbedarf zu verbinden und andererseits einen Bogen zur kommunikativen Vermittlung der Thematik an relevante gesellschaftliche Gruppen zu spannen. Für dieses Anliegen wurde die Arbeit um eine Betrachtung des bevölkerungsseitigen Umweltbewusstseins in Deutschland mit dem Fokus auf das Thema Flächenverbrauch sowie tiefergehende Überlegungen hinsichtlich der Vermittlungsformen und -wege, welche als weiteren Schwerpunkt kartographisch-konzeptionelle Betrachtungen beinhalten, erweitert. / The dissertation sheds light on the topic of land consumption, which marks one of the most pressing environmental problems in Germany as well as in Europe since decades, and which is accompanied by several social and economic, e.g. fiscal, effects. Retrospective indicator-aided GIS analyses of urban and suburban regions – using land use data of eight European cities (Bilbao, Bratislava, Dresden, Copenhagen, Lyon, Munich, Palermo and Porto), taken from the EU projects MURBANDY/MOLAND with a time span of about 50 years (beginning of the 1950s until end of the 1990s) – build the main part of the work. Within this, similarities and differences in the developments were worked out, to some degree also including a look on the different economic and political systems at that time. The principal objective of the PhD thesis is to close a gap between the theoretical analysis of land consumption and the often linked urban sprawl, particularly in (sub)urban settlement regions, and the practical communication of the research subject, primarily by means of adequate cartographic presentations. Furthermore, the dissertation aims on the one hand at connecting scientific investigations of land consumption and political need for action, and on the other hand at building a link to the communication to various stakeholders in the society. For this, the dissertation was also broadened by an analysis of the environmental awareness of the German society – focussing on the topic of land consumption – and by deeper considerations regarding forms and ways of communicating the topic in particular by means of cartographic approaches.

Po změně politického režimu v roce 1989 se všechna velkoměsta České republiky potýkají s novým, pro nás neznámým, fenoménem v rozmístění bydlení obyvatelstva ? se suburbanizací. Obyvatelé velkoměst se ve velkém měřítku stěhují do jejich zázemí. V zázemí se začíná nekontrolovatelně rozvíjet výstavba rodinných domů. Tímto procesem již prošla většina velkoměst v západní Evropě a v USA. Neregulovaný a nekontrolovaný rozvoj suburbanizačního procesu má dalekosáhlé důsledky na velkoměsto, okolní menší sídla a volnou krajinu. Autorka se zaměřuje na průběh rezidenční suburbanizace hlavního města Prahy, na faktory, které ovlivnily suburbánní rozvoj a jeho negativní i pozitivní dopady v daném území. Soustředí se na rozvoj nové výstavby v několika obcích na Kladensku. Bude analyzovat dopad suburbanizace na rozvoj a stabilitu malých sídel v zázemí velkého města.

The main objective of diploma thesis "Suburbanization in Central Bohemia Region and its impact on health" is research of non-coordinated suburbanization in Central Bohemia Region and its relation to health of inhabitants. There is used an appropriate combination of research methods according to the research objectives and questions (mental maps, actor analysis, public policy analysis, comparation, interviews). It enables understanding of all aspects of thesuburbanization process. Many theoretical concepts are used, eg. determinants of health, urbanism, sustainable development, quality of life or social transformation. The first part of diploma thesis presents health problems caused by urban sprawl. These problems are related to air quality, physical activity, traffic, water quantity and quality, mental health, social capital and health of special populations. Inguiry identifies roles, interests and behaviour of relevant actors. It proves that current suburbanization of Central Bohemia Region, similar to urban sprawl, may influence health and quality of life of its inhabitants, and brings many negative externalities. Incrementakl knowledge development and pressure of the European Union leads to changes in public policy and legislation, which was influenced with social transformation and impact on...