Name of the author: Jiří Smetana Name of the MA thesis: Utopia in the Works of Adalbert Stifter University: Charles University in Prague Faculty: Faculty of Arts Department: Institute of the Germanic Studies Supervisor: Doc. PhDr. Milan Tvrdík, CSc. Place and date of publishing: Prague, March 2011 The subject of the present work is Adalbert Stifter's utopia. The aim is to outline its main essence and in part describe the motives that had led Stifter to his utopia. The work describes the artistic, political and social background of the Biedermeier era and approximates Stifter as its principal representative in Austrian literature. Adalbert Stifter's talent was versatile; he had affection for nature and art. Art was one of his most faithful friends. Stifter's Biedermeier literary works are original and in a certain sense possess great depth. For every opinion in these works is put down rationally. In this regard we would be hard pressed to find selfcontent in Stifter's late work. This opinion is also shared by the Austrian writer Peter Rosegger, who regards Adalbert Stifter higher than Johann Wolfgang Goethe for this very reason. As Rosegger rightly states, Stifter's style is also very original.1 This work takes note of the utopian features in some of Stifter's short stories and in his educational...

In this thesis I mainly analyzed the canonical dystopian works, like J. Zamjatin We and G. Orwell 1984, based on this observation I circumscribe the five criteria by which the dystopian fictional world works. In the following sections, I observed the role and place of these criteria in the 20th century Czech literature works.

The purpose of this work is an interpretation of the essay Argirópolis written by Argentine author Domingo Faustino Sarmiento. This work aims to determine the aspects of the essay and the utopia in Sarmiento΄s work; the interpretation, i. e. reading of the text in wider context, integrates Argirópolis into the contexts of the essay and the utopia in order for the present work to transcend the writing΄s historical ambit and portray the timelessness of Sarmiento΄s ideas. The first part of this work examines the essayistic genre, describes its genesis and sources in Europe and Latin America. This section accentuates the singularity of the Latin American essayistic tradition and presents the basic characterization of the form of essay. The analysis of essayistic aspects of Sarmiento΄s book is based on characteristic attributes of the essay. The second part of the work is focused on the utopia. In the context of the utopia, this work attempts to elucidate why Sarmiento preferred the genre of essay to the novelistic genre, while creating a book containing utopian aspects. The last part of the present work is focused on the peculiarity of the Latin American utopian thinking and includes the analysis of the aspects of the utopia in Argirópolis.

Le nom d’Anatole France, l’écrivain qui fut célèbre, il y a un siècle, court le risque d’être oublié de nos jours. Fraichement nommé à l’Académie française, il a vu son nom briller pendant l’Affaire Dreyfus aux côtés de Zola et des autres dreyfusards. Il consacre Monsieur Bergeret à Paris entièrement à cette Affaire. Mais après la réhabilitation du Capitaine, lui, qu’il avait mis tant d’espoir dans cette affaire voit ses rêves s’effondrer. Nous percevons un changement après l’Affaire dans l’orientation de ses œuvres. Cette nouvelle orientation se fait ressentir surtout à partir de son roman Sur la pierre blanche dans lequel il bâtit une cité de rêve à la fin de son roman. Il devient un amoureux impénitent de l’imaginaire en quête de l’ « inconnaissable », le conteur du « merveilleux », le bâtisseur de « cité utopique ». Avec le temps et surtout vers la fin de sa carrière Il prend un ton plus amer avec une tendance contre-utopique. Il prend conscience de l’impossibilité de changer la société. Cette tendance va s’intensifier dans L'Île des pingouins et La Révolte des anges qu’on peut qualifier de contre-utopies avec des effets de Merveilleux. Pourtant il évite de prévoir une fin pour ses deux histoires dans l’espoir que peut-être les futures générations arriveront à écrire une fin heureuse pour l’histoire et l’humanité. / Anatole France, the French writer who was famous one century ago, risks to be forgotten nowadays. Freshly elected at the “Académie Française”, he saw his name shining during the Dreyfus Affair beside Zola and the other dreyfusards. The story of Monsieur Bergeret à Paris is completely dedicated to the Affair. But after the rehabilitation of the Captain Dreyfus, he, who had put so much hope in this Affair, sees his dream collapsed. After this period, we perceive a change in the orientation of his works. This new orientation is felt especially at the end of his novel Sur la Pierre Blanche in which he builds a dream city. He becomes an incorrigible lover of the imaginative world in search of the “unknownable”, a storyteller of the “magic”, the builder of an “utopian city”. Latter, especially towards the end of his career, he took a more bitter tone, a kind of “contre-utopia”. He became aware of the impossibility of changing the society. This trend is intensified in his two novels: L’Île des pingouins and La Révolte des anges which we can be qualified of “contre-utopia” with effects of magic. Nevertheless he avoid to plan the end of these two stories in hope that the future generations will manage, maybe, to write a happy end for the history and for the humanity.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia Rodrigues Alves Lage.pdf: 4431421 bytes, checksum: ed4de49416c4e70a1cc0ae1c89baca30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-28 / This research aims to trace the trajectory of the poet Torquato Neto literary art from the analysis of some poems, including concrete poems published in the journal volume Navilouca single, idealized by him and Wally Solomon and released in 1974. This objective was outlined, considering that the work of Torquato Neto reveals a circular language precisely characterized by the mixture of voices - of art and life of the poet. The analysis was driven by questions related to the structure, form of composition in order to verify its literary relevance without forgetting, however, the historical-cultural context. As the center of our concerns, we ask: to what extent the poetic Torquato Neto characterized as a space for events utopian dystopian and / or heterotopic? The theoretical framework is based on poetic concepts of the brothers Haroldo and Augusto de Campos, Mário Faustino and Heloisa Buarque de Hollanda, and concepts of utopia and dystopia proposed by Teixeira Coelho and Claude- Gilbert Dubois, and heterotopias by Michel Foucault. The paper presents three chapters that explore the history of the poet inserted into the historical and cultural context of the time along with his work, a faithful reflection of what was his life. In conclusion, to captures the poetry of Torquato Neto was configured as a single space that supported all the faces of a poet who immortalized the life in verse / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo traçar a trajetória do poeta Torquato Neto na arte literária a partir da análise de alguns poemas, inclusive os poemas concretos publicados na revista de volume único Navilouca, projeto idealizado por ele e Wally Salomão e lançado em 1974. Tal objetivo foi traçado, considerando-se que a obra de Torquato Neto revela uma linguagem circular justamente por caracterizar-se pela mistura de vozes da arte e da vida do poeta. A análise foi impulsionada por questionamentos ligados à estrutura, à forma de composição, a fim de verificar a sua relevância literária sem esquecer, entretanto, do contexto histórico-cultural. Como centro de nossas preocupações, perguntamos: até que ponto a poética Torquato Neto caracteriza-se como espaço de manifestações utópicas, distópicas e/ou heterotópicas? A fundamentação teórica baseia-se nas concepções poéticas dos irmãos Haroldo e Augusto de Campos, Mário Faustino e Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, e nos conceitos de utopia e distopia propostos por Teixeira Coelho e Dubois Claude-Gilbert, e de heterotopia por Michel Foucault. O trabalho reúne três capítulos que exploram a trajetória do poeta inserido no contexto históricocultural da época juntamente com sua obra, fiel reflexo do que foi a sua vida. Concluindo, apreende-se que a poética de Torquato Neto configurou-se como único espaço que suportou todas as faces de um poeta que eternizou a vida em versos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 6358020 bytes, checksum: 3ba63c6c2470e79ec0d8794b6770cf9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The main objective of this research is to examine, in the book Rasif: mar que arrebenta by Marcelino Freire, the author's method of composition and how ethical and aesthetic issues were dealt with on the book. We consider the importance of current debates about the contemporary and the art produced during this period, taking into account the active and creative role of criticism. To guide these reflections, we propose as hypothesis: the study of the tangle of discursive voices that make up the book and violate the reader's perception, causing weirdness and unpredictability; the characters building as performance that "dramatizes" the discourse, inscribing the reader as a performer who participates in the enactment of language; and the erasure as discourse procedure and as a method of creating the illustrations, leading to the questioning of traditional social patterns of language and literature itself, revealing the conflicts of contemporary times. Support for this work was found on reflections on literature produced by Italo Calvino; notions of post-dramatic theater proposed by Hans-Thies Lehmann, and performance by Paul Zumthor, and propositions on the contemporary developed by Linda Hutcheon and Giorgio Agamben. The research results reinforce the use of procedures such as erasure and fragmentation in the construction of a work that moves between different literary genres, dialogs with tradition and does not shirk from the contemporary discussions, even the utopian ones / O objetivo central desta pesquisa é examinar, no livro Rasif: mar que arrebenta de Marcelino Freire, o método de composição do autor e a maneira como questões éticas e estéticas foram problematizadas na obra. Considera-se a importância dos debates atuais sobre a contemporaneidade e a arte produzida neste período, levando-se em conta o papel ativo e criador da crítica. Para conduzir estas reflexões, propomos como hipóteses: o estudo do emaranhado de vozes discursivas que compõem o livro e que violentam a percepção do leitor, causando estranhamento e imprevisibilidade; a construção das personagens como performance que teatraliza o discurso, inscrevendo o leitor como performer ao participar da encenação da linguagem; e a rasura como procedimento discursivo e como método de gravação das ilustrações, gerando o questionamento dos padrões sociais tradicionais da língua e da própria literatura, desnudando os conflitos da contemporaneidade. Fundamentam este trabalho reflexões sobre literatura elaboradas por Ítalo Calvino; noções do teatro pós-dramático propostas por Hans-Thies Lehmann, e de perfomance, por Paul Zumthor, além de proposições sobre o contemporâneo desenvolvidas por Linda Hutcheon e Giorgio Agamben. Os resultados da pesquisa ressaltam a utilização de procedimentos como a rasura e a fragmentação na construção de uma obra que transita entre diferentes gêneros literários, dialoga com a tradição e não se furta às discussões, mesmo utópicas, próprias da contemporaneidade

Applying utopian theory to the Bible reveals a number of issues surrounding the biblical text within academic disciplines such as biblical studies, which study the Bible as an ancient cultural artefact, and among religious readers of the Bible. The biblical passage Numbers 13 was chosen as a case study of a utopian reading of the image of the Promised Land to demonstrate the Bible’s multifaceted potential by externalising the presupposition brought to the text. The underlying method is derived from an ideal type procedure, appropriated from Weber. Instead of comparing phenomena to each other, one compares a phenomenon to a constructed ideal type. This method enables one to compare phenomena independently of exclusive definitions and direct linear influences. It has been suggested by biblical scholars that utopian readings of the Bible can yield insights into socio-political circumstances in the society which produced biblical texts. Using observations by Holquist about utopias’ relationships to reality it is asked if applying the concept of utopia to a biblical passage allows drawing conclusions about the originating society of the Hebrew Bible. The answer is negative. Theory about literary utopias is applied to the case study passage. Numbers 13 is similar to literary utopias in juxtaposing a significantly improved society with a home society, the motif of travellers in an unfamiliar environment, and the feature of a map which is graphically not representable. Noth’s reading of the biblical passage’s toponyms reveals that its map is a utopian map. Numbers 13 is best understood as a literary utopia describing an unrealistic environment and using common utopian techniques and motifs. Despite describing an unrealistic environment, the passage was understood as directly relevant to reality by readers throughout time, for example by Bradford. Following two Puritan readings, it is observed that biblical utopian texts have the potential of being applied in reality by those who see them as a call to action. If a literary utopia is attempted to be brought into reality, it becomes apparent that it marginalises those who are not utopian protagonists; in the case study passage, the non-Israelite tribes, in Bradford’s reading, the Native Nations in New England. The interplay of utopia and dystopia is explored and it is concluded that a definitive trait of literary utopias is their potential to turn into an experienced dystopia if enforced literally. This argument is supported by demonstrating that the utopian traits of the case study passage contain dystopian downsides if read from a different perspective. A contemporary utopian reading of the case study passage is proposed. Today utopian speculation most often appears in works of science fiction (SF). Motifs appearing in the case study passage are read as tropes familiar to a contemporary Bible reader from SF. Following D. Suvin’s SF theory, it is concluded that the Bible in the contemporary world can be understood as a piece of SF. It contains the juxtaposition of an estranged world with a reader’s experienced world as well as a potential utopian and dystopian message.

In the wake of the First World War, reformers across the Western world questioned laissez-faire liberalism, the self-oriented and market-driven ruling doctrine of the nineteenth century. This philosophy was blamed, variously, for the war, for industrialisation and for urbanisation; for a way of life shorn of any meaning beyond getting and keeping; for the too great faith in materialism and in science; and for the loss of a higher, transcendent meaning that gave a unifying altruistic or spiritual purpose to individual existence and to society as a whole. For many, the cure to these ills lay in reforming the liberal social framework in ways that made it more fulfilling to the whole person and that strengthened ties between individuals. Dartington Hall was an outstanding practical example of this impulse to promote holistic, integrated living. It was a well-financed, internationally-minded social and cultural experiment set up on an estate in South Devon in 1925 by American heiress Dorothy Elmhirst (née Whitney) and her second husband, Leonard, son of a Yorkshire squire-parson. The Elmhirsts' project for redressing the effects of laissez-faire liberalism had two components. Instead of being treated as atomised individuals in the capitalist market, participants at Dartington were to achieve full self-realisation through a 'life in its completeness' that incorporated the arts, education and spirituality. In addition, through their active participation in running the community, they were to demonstrate how integrated democracy could bring about the perfection of individuals and the progress of society as a whole. The Elmhirsts hoped that Dartington would provide a globally applicable model for a better way of life. This thesis is a close study of Dartington's interlinked constellation of experiments in education, the arts, agriculture and social organisation - experiments that can only be understood by tracing them back to their shared roots in the idea of 'life in its completeness'. At the same time, it explores how Dartington's philosophy and trajectory illuminate the wider reform landscape. The Elmhirsts' community echoed and cross-pollinated with other schemes for social improvement in Britain, Europe, America and India, as well as feeding into the broad social democratic project in Britain. Dartington's evolution from an independent, elite-led reform project to one split between state-led and communitarian reform matched the trajectory of other such enterprises begun in interwar Britain, making it a bellwether of changes in reformist thinking across the century.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:22:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio Bianchi de Araujo.pdf: 1496828 bytes, checksum: a328db34106753104e3a38d17d3db961 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The objective of this thesis is to problematize the role of utopia in contemporaneity without explaining all its nuances, nor to attempt to come up with an interpretation of utopia throughout various historical contexts. This thesis does not intend to be a conclusive study given the wealth of references on utopia, particularly in the area of study of Human Sciences. I am focussing on a part of an epistemological study, which permits us to think about contemporary utopia and anti-utopia from the perspective of some authors, whose ideas I will use with the purpose of bringing their thoughts together in a way that seems most appropriate to comprehend the role of utopia in contemporaneity. By analyzing some of Gianni Vattimo and Edgar Morin s works, I will discuss the necessity to create a new paradigm of thought, which permits us to reconnect to objectivity and subjectivity, which were lost after the Cartesian paradigm. Utopia is a development of ethics and principles, which guide utopian thought. It contains in itself an objectivity of thought which creates a dialogic relationship between the concrete possibilities of realization and the imaginary possibilities of day dreaming. Following this line of thought , I used, Ernst Bloch s Principle of Hope and Hans Jonas Principle of Responsibility as my references and in such a way that they would complement each other and not the contrary. In conclusion, I intend to demonstrate that the utopia of the development of a planetary citizenship is stimulated through the expansion of the consumer society, which I consider to be a contemporary anti-utopia. Some authors, such as Jean Baudrillard and Zygmunt Bauman are important references for problematizing the disastrous effects of the consumer society. I used various information sources, besides the authors cited, including references from cinema and literary works, which I used to justify my arguments given that utopia contains both objective and subjective dimensions of analysis. It is possible to affirm that in contemporaneity, it has not disappeared, rather, there are new paradigms that have emerged and this thesis seeks to discuss those / O objetivo desta tese é problematizar o papel da utopia na contemporaneidade e não explicá-la com todas as suas nuances, nem fazer a sua interpretação no decorrer dos mais variados contextos históricos. Esta tese não pretende esgotar o assunto devido à vastidão de referências utópicas, sobretudo dentro da área de estudos das Ciências Humanas. Faço um recorte epistemológico que permite pensar a utopia e a antiutopia contemporânea sob a perspectiva de alguns autores que me aproprio com a finalidade de conciliar seus pensamentos num caminho que parece ser o mais adequado para compreender o espaço da utopia na contemporaneidade. Por meio da análise de algumas obras de Gianni Vattimo e Edgar Morin discuto a necessidade da criação de um novo paradigma de pensamento que nos permita a religação da objetividade e da subjetividade perdida desde o paradigma cartesiano. A utopia se constrói também com ética e princípios que norteiam o pensar utópico. Ela comporta em si uma objetividade de pensamento que se constrói na relação dialógico entre as possibilidades concretas de realização e as possibilidades imaginárias do sonho acordado. Nesse sentido, tomei como referência o Princípio Esperança de Ernst Bloch e o Princípio Responsabilidade de Hans Jonas de forma complementar e não antagônica. Por fim, pretendi demonstrar que a utopia da construção da cidadania planetária é incentivada por meio da expansão da sociedade de consumo a qual considero como a antitutopia contemporânea. Alguns autores, tais como Jean Baudrillard e Zygmunt Bauman são referências importantes para problematizar os efeitos desastrosos da sociedade de consumo. Como método de trabalho e pesquisa, além dos autores citados, utilizei em toda a tese os referenciais do cinema e de obras literárias para justificar as minhas argumentações dado que a utopia contém dimensões objetivas e subjetivas de análise. É possível afirmar que na contemporaneidade ela não desapareceu, mas se faz com novos paradigmas que esta tese procura discutir

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio Bianchi de Araujo.pdf: 1496828 bytes, checksum: a328db34106753104e3a38d17d3db961 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The objective of this thesis is to problematize the role of utopia in contemporaneity without explaining all its nuances, nor to attempt to come up with an interpretation of utopia throughout various historical contexts. This thesis does not intend to be a conclusive study given the wealth of references on utopia, particularly in the area of study of Human Sciences. I am focussing on a part of an epistemological study, which permits us to think about contemporary utopia and anti-utopia from the perspective of some authors, whose ideas I will use with the purpose of bringing their thoughts together in a way that seems most appropriate to comprehend the role of utopia in contemporaneity. By analyzing some of Gianni Vattimo and Edgar Morin s works, I will discuss the necessity to create a new paradigm of thought, which permits us to reconnect to objectivity and subjectivity, which were lost after the Cartesian paradigm. Utopia is a development of ethics and principles, which guide utopian thought. It contains in itself an objectivity of thought which creates a dialogic relationship between the concrete possibilities of realization and the imaginary possibilities of day dreaming. Following this line of thought , I used, Ernst Bloch s Principle of Hope and Hans Jonas Principle of Responsibility as my references and in such a way that they would complement each other and not the contrary. In conclusion, I intend to demonstrate that the utopia of the development of a planetary citizenship is stimulated through the expansion of the consumer society, which I consider to be a contemporary anti-utopia. Some authors, such as Jean Baudrillard and Zygmunt Bauman are important references for problematizing the disastrous effects of the consumer society. I used various information sources, besides the authors cited, including references from cinema and literary works, which I used to justify my arguments given that utopia contains both objective and subjective dimensions of analysis. It is possible to affirm that in contemporaneity, it has not disappeared, rather, there are new paradigms that have emerged and this thesis seeks to discuss those / O objetivo desta tese é problematizar o papel da utopia na contemporaneidade e não explicá-la com todas as suas nuances, nem fazer a sua interpretação no decorrer dos mais variados contextos históricos. Esta tese não pretende esgotar o assunto devido à vastidão de referências utópicas, sobretudo dentro da área de estudos das Ciências Humanas. Faço um recorte epistemológico que permite pensar a utopia e a antiutopia contemporânea sob a perspectiva de alguns autores que me aproprio com a finalidade de conciliar seus pensamentos num caminho que parece ser o mais adequado para compreender o espaço da utopia na contemporaneidade. Por meio da análise de algumas obras de Gianni Vattimo e Edgar Morin discuto a necessidade da criação de um novo paradigma de pensamento que nos permita a religação da objetividade e da subjetividade perdida desde o paradigma cartesiano. A utopia se constrói também com ética e princípios que norteiam o pensar utópico. Ela comporta em si uma objetividade de pensamento que se constrói na relação dialógico entre as possibilidades concretas de realização e as possibilidades imaginárias do sonho acordado. Nesse sentido, tomei como referência o Princípio Esperança de Ernst Bloch e o Princípio Responsabilidade de Hans Jonas de forma complementar e não antagônica. Por fim, pretendi demonstrar que a utopia da construção da cidadania planetária é incentivada por meio da expansão da sociedade de consumo a qual considero como a antitutopia contemporânea. Alguns autores, tais como Jean Baudrillard e Zygmunt Bauman são referências importantes para problematizar os efeitos desastrosos da sociedade de consumo. Como método de trabalho e pesquisa, além dos autores citados, utilizei em toda a tese os referenciais do cinema e de obras literárias para justificar as minhas argumentações dado que a utopia contém dimensões objetivas e subjetivas de análise. É possível afirmar que na contemporaneidade ela não desapareceu, mas se faz com novos paradigmas que esta tese procura discutir