Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2017-03-17T14:57:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_FERNANDA_BOING_COMPLETO.pdf: 1896690 bytes, checksum: 4b82835f573450cc33877741eeebac1f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T14:57:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_FERNANDA_BOING_COMPLETO.pdf: 1896690 bytes, checksum: 4b82835f573450cc33877741eeebac1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-19 / Objective: To evaluate the bone formation with different bone substitutes, including a rhGH hormone carrier (Growth Human Hormone Recombined) in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 rabbits (from New Zealand), males, young adults (approximately 10 months old) were used. For each group, 6 rabbits were used, being that in each animal, 4 test sites were performed with a 8 mm diameter trephine, completing the total thickness of the skull. The test sites were distributed in: Group I (a: clot, b: autogenous bone triturated, c: PLGA (poly lactic glycolic acid) + rhGH (Growth Human Hormone Recombined), and d: autogenous bone + rhGH); and Group II (a: HA (hydroxyapatite), b: autogenous bone triturated, c: HA / ?-TCP (hydroxyapatite / tricalcium phosphate beta), and d: HA / SiO2n (hydroxyapatite / silicium oxide). The animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks and the samples were prepared and stained with HE (hematoxylin and eosin). A descriptive analysis of the samples was performed with OM (optics microscopic). Results: The evaluation showed that in the samples with PLGA and rhGH there was not the complete filling of the sites, although it was observed inflammatory process compatible with existing biomaterials. The bone formation regions presented filled osteocytic gaps in remodeling process, showing mature and viable bone. In relation to the sites with biomaterials (HA, HA/TCP-b e HA/ HA/SiO2n), all of them showed bone formation with biomaterial incorporation. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the viability of different bone substitutes (HA, HA / TCP-?, HA / SiO2n). In addition, bone formation was not observed throughout the test region with the use of the hormone carrier. However, in regions with neoformation, it was verified the presence of mature and viable bone. / Objetivo: Avaliar a forma??o ?ssea com diferentes substitutos ?sseos, incluindo um carreador de horm?nio rhGH (horm?nio do crescimento) em defeitos cr?ticos em um modelo animal. Materiais e M?todos: Foram utilizados 12 coelhos da ra?a Nova Zel?ndia, machos, e adultos jovens (aproximadamente 10 meses). Para cada grupo foi utilizado 6 coelhos, sendo que em cada animal foram realizadas 4 cavidades teste com broca trefina de 8mm de di?metro e espessura total da calota craniana. As cavidades teste foram distribu?das em: Grupo I (a: co?gulo, b: osso aut?geno triturado, c: PLGA (Poli ?cido glic?lico l?tico) + rhGH (horm?nio do crescimento recombinante) e, d: osso aut?geno triturado + rhGH) e Grupo II (a: HA (hidroxiapatita), b: osso aut?geno triturado, c: HA/TCP-? (hidroxiapatita/tric?lcio fosfato beta) e d: HA/SiO2n (hidroxiapatita/?xido de sil?cio). Os animais foram sacrificados ap?s 6 semanas, e as amostras foram preparadas e coradas com colora??o HE (hematoxilina e eosina). Foi realizada uma an?lise descritiva das amostras por MO (microscopia ?ptica). Resultados: A avalia??o mostrou que nas amostras com PLGA e rhGH n?o houve o preenchimento total da cavidade, embora tenha sido observado neoforma??o ?ssea. Essas regi?es apresentavam-se com as lacunas osteoc?ticas preenchidas e em processo de remodela??o, evidenciando osso maduro e vi?vel. Com rela??o aos biomateriais (HA, HA/TCP-? ? ??/ HA/SiO2n), todos apresentaram forma??o ?ssea com a incorpora??o do biomaterial. Conclus?o: Os resultados do presente estudo demostraram a neoforma??o ?ssea com os diferentes substitutos ?sseos (HA, HA/TCP-?, HA/SiO2n). Al?m disso, foi observada a viabilidade do uso do carreador de horm?nio com a presen?a de osso maduro e vi?vel nas regi?es de teste desse.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:51:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 460927.pdf: 1283521 bytes, checksum: 4cd3a506cc6198771e3bac28f9c816ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / The raw glycerol derived from the biodiesel production is considered an industrial waste that has raised great concerns in the biofuels industry, mainly due to its low commercial value, its reduced assimilation after purification as well as to the high costs associated with its disposal. In this context, the use of microorganisms on biodegradation processes and bioconversion of raw glycerol to molecules with high added-values tends to enhance the biodiesel production chain, and minimize environmental impacts associated with its disposal, often done improperly. Thus, the goal of this work was to investigate and identify, in different environmental samples, the presence of yeasts capable of using raw glycerol as sole carbon source, and investigate in a preliminary manner their eventual metabolic products. Fifty-seven yeasts derived from the regional biodiversity were evaluated and five of them were selected as metabolically able for raw glycerol consumption. The selected isolates were cultured under different conditions of temperature, glycerol concentration and oxygenation in order to establish the best growing conditions. In order to investigate eventual products generated from the raw glycerol assimilation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses and emulsification assays were performed. As results, this work presents the first report of raw glycerol consumption by Zygowilliopsis californica, Pichia fermentans, Candida melibiosica and by a probable new yeast species of Candida genus (Candida sp.) isolated in this work. Still, this is the first report of this metabolic feature for a species of Zygowilliopsis genus. Moreover, Z. californica and Candida sp. presented some evidence to bear the metabolic potential to produce molecules of industrial interest from raw glycerol. These data may contribute for future strategies that aim the value increase of the biodiesel production chain. / O glicerol bruto derivado da produ??o do biodiesel ? considerado um rejeito industrial que tem despertado grande preocupa??o na ind?stria de biocombust?veis, dentre outros fatores, devido ao seu baixo valor comercial, sua reduzida assimila??o ap?s processo de purifica??o e aos altos custos associados ao seu descarte. Nesse contexto, a aplica??o de microrganismos em processos de biodegrada??o ou bioconvers?o do glicerol bruto em mol?culas de maior valor agregado tende a valorizar a cadeia produtiva do biodiesel, e a minimizar impactos ambientais associados ao seu descarte, muitas vezes feito de forma inadequada. Deste modo, o objetivo desde trabalho foi investigar e identificar, em diferentes amostras ambientais, a presen?a de leveduras capazes de utilizar, como ?nica fonte de carbono, o glicerol bruto, bem como investigar de maneira preliminar eventuais produtos metab?licos. Cinquenta e sete leveduras oriundas da biodiversidade local foram avaliadas e cinco delas selecionadas por apresentaram o potencial metab?lico de interesse. Os isolados selecionados foram cultivados sob diferentes condi??es de temperatura, concentra??o de glicerol e oxigena??o, com a finalidade de estabelecer as melhores condi??es para o seu crescimento. An?lises de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE) e de atividade emulsificante foram realizadas com a finalidade de investigar eventuais produtos gerados a partir do consumo do glicerol bruto. Como resultados, este trabalho traz o primeiro relato do potencial de utiliza??o de glicerol bruto por Zygowilliopsis californica, Pichia fermentans, Candida melibiosica e por uma prov?vel esp?cie nova do g?nero Candida (Candida sp.) isolada durante este trabalho. Esta ? tamb?m a primeira descri??o desta atividade metab?lica para uma esp?cie do g?nero Zygowilliopsis. De forma adicional, Z. californica e Candida sp. apresentaram ind?cios de capacidade metab?lica para bioconvers?o do glicerol bruto em mol?culas de valor industrial. Os dados levantados neste trabalho poder?o contribuir para futuras estrat?gias que visem ? valoriza??o da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel.

Submitted by Kelson Anthony de Menezes (kelson@ucb.br) on 2016-11-23T12:14:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaCarvalhoBergmannTeseparcial2013.pdf: 124515 bytes, checksum: 0d2877a5336a887b74ef27ed08081d9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-23T12:14:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaCarvalhoBergmannTeseparcial2013.pdf: 124515 bytes, checksum: 0d2877a5336a887b74ef27ed08081d9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-07 / The necessity to be a self-suficient producer of fuels is stimulating research for alternative types of energy. Brazil, as well as other countries, is investing in this sector and in 2012 was the second largest biofuel producer in the world. Bioethanol production can double productivity with second generation technology in which bioethanol is produced from cellulose. Biodiesel production from oils using different feedstocks can also contribute for this independency in biofuels production, both locally and globally. This doctorate thesis is divided in two chapters, both attempting to make a contribution to the development of the biofuels sector in Brazil. The first chapter focuses on enzyme discovery for ethanol production from cellulose. The second chapter focuses on the characterization of the soil microbiota associated with oil palm plants with fatal yellowing, which has hindered the development of a biodiesel industry based on palm oil. The first chapter describes prospection for hydrolytic enzymes to be used for biomass deconstruction in second generation bioethanol production. Enzymes were screened from an Amazon soil large insert metagenomic library (30-50 kb). The library containing approximately 213,000 clones was functionally screened, and 15 clones with cellulolytic activity and 16 clones resistant to hydroquinone were identified. The sequences of these 31 clones and an additional 65 other random clones were obtained and analysed using the IMG/MER pipeline. In silico analysis identified several coding regions (CDS) that were amplified by PCR and cloned in expression vectors. The sequences for two beta-glucosidases enzymes, BGL17 and BGL18, were codon optimized before being expressed and purified. Characterization of both enzymes showed that the optimum temperature for BGL17 and BGL18 was 45oC and 40oC, respectively. The optimum pH for BGL17 and BGL18 was 6.0 and for 6.5, respectively. Half-life stability was approximately one hour for both enzymes. Regarding enzyme kinetics, BGL18 showed higher Vmax and Km (11 U/mg ?? 0.0011 and 0.36 mM ?? 0.01612) when compared to BGL17 (85 U/mg ?? 0.0028 and 0.30 mM ?? 0.017). Kcat was only calculated for BGL17 as 38.57 s-1 ?? 0.37 as the purification of BGL18 was not successfull. Chapter two aimed to study the soil bacterial diversity from oil palm trees affected by fatal yellowing disease (bud rot) in three different stages. The strategy used was pyrosequencing of the gene for the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA). Oil palm is an oilcrop produced in the north region of Brazil with hight oil yield, which makes it a good candidate for biodiesel production. However, oil palm trees are being affected by fatal yellowing (FY) for more than 20 years, but to this date no etiological agent was identified. Observation was reported where healthy palm tree were planted in the same spot as previously sick tree, developed FY after a period of time, suggesting that the disease could be transmitted by some microorganism in the soil. In this work, the gene for 16S rRNA was amplified from DNA extracted from soil of diseased oil palm trees (stages 5 and 8) and from plants with no symptoms of the disease and sequenced. Pyrosequencing originated 839,694 sequences. After artifacts and chimeras were removed, 498,397 sequences distributed in 9 samples (3 for each disease stage) remained to be analyzed. Sequences were analyzed using the Qiime pipeline (Quantitative Insights in Microbial Ecology) and taxonomic classification of sequences was obtained based on the RDP (Ribossomal Database Project). The most abundant phyla in the samples were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia. Alpha and Beta diversity were calculated and taxonomic comparisons were performed by STAMP software. Results showed that the bacterial communtiy associated with soils of diseaded plants on stage 5 (DCA5) and stage 8 had a higher number of observed OTUs than stage 0, as determined by the Chao1 phylogenetic diversity index. Beta-diversity analysis showed that the different biological replicates of soil from diseased plants of the same stage are significantly different, as shown in PCoA (Principal Coordenate Analysis). Taxonomic comparison showed more rare phyla associated to stages 5 and 8 of the disease. This work is the first to study the bacterial microbiota associated with soils of oil palm plants with and without symptoms of fatal yellowing with next generation sequencing. / A necessidade de produzir combust??veis para que futuramente haja independ??ncia na produ????o de energia, vem impulsionando pesquisas no setor de energias alternativas. O Brasil, assim como outros pa??ses emergentes, tem investido e ganhado espa??o neste cen??rio, sendo hoje o segundo maior produtor mundial de biocombust??veis. A produ????o de bioetanol, apesar de j?? bem estabelecida no pa??s, poder?? dobrar com a tecnologia de produ????o de etanol de segunda gera????o (a partir da biomassa). Al??m disso, com a produ????o de biodiesel a partir do ??leo de diferentes culturas oleaginosas poder?? contribuir para esta independ??ncia na produ????o de biocombust??veis localmente e globalmente. Esta tese est?? dividida em dois cap??tulos, ambos tratando como produto final a produ????o de biocombust??veis. O cap??tulo um teve como objetivo a prospec????o de enzimas hidrol??ticas para serem utilizadas durante o processo de hidr??lise enzim??tica e clones resistentes a produtos secund??rios formados durante o processo de pr??-tratamento na produ????o de etanol de segunda gera????o. Construiu-se uma biblioteca metagen??mica de grandes insertos (30-50 kb) em fosm??deo a partir de DNA da comunidade microbiana do solo amaz??nico. A biblioteca contendo aproximadamente 213.000 clones foi triada funcionalmente, identificando 15 clones com atividade celulol??tica e 16 clones resistentes ?? hidroquinona (produto t??xico a leveduras produzido durante o pr??tratamento). Estes 31 clones com atividade na triagem funcional, somados a outros 65 clones selecionados aleatoriamente, foram sequ??nciados e suas sequ??ncias depositadas no pipeline IMG/MER (JGI) onde foram anotadas. A an??lise computacional dos clones com atividades enzim??ticas permitiu a identifica????o de diferentes regi??es codificantes (CDs) que foram amplificadas por PCR e clonadas em vetores de express??o. Conseguiu-se a express??o de duas enzimas beta-glicosidases (BGL17 e BGL18) que tiveram suas sequ??ncias otimizadas antes de serem purificadas. A caracteriza????o destas enzimas mostrou que a BGL17 e BGL18 possuem uma temperatura ??tima de 45oC e 40oC, respectivamente, e um pH ??timo de 6 e 6,5, respectivamente, com estabilidade m??dia nestas condi????es em torno de uma hora. A BGL17 possui um valor de Vmax e Km de 85 U/mg e 0,30 mM ?? 0.017 enquanto a BGL18 possui os valores de Vmax e Km de 11,01 U/mg e 0,36 mM ?? 0,01612. O cap??tulo dois visou o estudo da microbiota de solo de dendezeiros acometidos pelo amarelecimento fatal (AF) em diferentes est??gios da doen??a utilizando como estrat??gia o pirosequenciamento do gene para 16S rRNA. A planta do dend?? ?? uma oleaginosa produzida principalmente no norte do Brasil e possui um alto rendimento de ??leo o que a torna uma boa candidata a produ????o de biodiesel. Por??m, o dendezeiros t??m sido acometidos pelo AF, sendo seu agente etiol??gico procurado h?? mais de 20 anos sem resultados conclusivos. Plantas sadias que foram replantadas no mesmo lugar de plantas doentes desenvolveram a doen??a, criando-se a hip??tese da transmiss??o do AF ocorrer pelo solo. Neste trabalho, realizou-se o pirosequenciamento do gene para 16S rRNA amplificado da comunidade bacteriana de uma amostra de solo da base de dendezeiros acometidos por AF em dois est??gios da doen??a (est??gio 5 e est??gio 8) e aparentemente sem doen??a (est??gio 0). O sequenciamento gerou 839.694 sequ??ncias que depois de retirados os artefatos totalizaram 498.397 sequ??ncias distribu??das em 9 pontos (3 para cada est??gio da doen??a). As sequ??ncias foram analisadas utilizando-se o programa Qiime (Quantitative Insights in Microbial Ecology) e sua classifica????o taxon??mica atribu??da de acordo com o RDP-II (Ribossomal Database Project). Os filos mais abundantes encontrados foram Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes e Verrucomicrobia. An??lises de alfa e beta diversidade foram realizadas e compara????es taxon??micas foram feitas utilizando o programa STAMP (Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles). Os resultados mostraram que os pontos DCA5 (dendezeiros com AF no est??gio 5 da doen??a) apresentam maior quantidade de OTUs observadas em rela????o a diversidade filogen??tica e ??ndice de Chao1. As an??lises de beta-diversidade mostraram que os agrupamentos entre os pontos por sintomas da doen??a s??o significativamente diferentes. Compara????es taxon??micas mostraram uma maior presen??a de filos raros nos est??gios 5 e 8. Este trabalho foi o primeiro realizado tentando elucidar o causador do AF utilizando sequenciamento de ??ltima gera????o. Estes resultados ir??o contribuir para futuros estudos do Amarelecimento Fatal.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-12T16:46:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Liziana Maria Rodrigues.pdf: 560442 bytes, checksum: 3ed65532525d106ac2a5c430b0f2059b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-12T16:46:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Liziana Maria Rodrigues.pdf: 560442 bytes, checksum: 3ed65532525d106ac2a5c430b0f2059b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This study was carried out to estimate the prececal and total nutrient?s digestibility of forages by total feces collection and mobile bag techniques and evaluate the passage kinetics in the digestive tract of horses using mobile bags. This work was conducted with three assays. The first was carried out to estimate nutrient?s digestibility of coast cross hay (Cynodon dactylon cv. coastcross) with the total feces collection technique. The second assay was carried out to estimate nutrient?s digestibility of lucerne hay (Medicago sativa), coast cross hay, and peanut forage (Arachis pintoi) with the mobile bag technique. The last one was carried out to evaluate the prececal nutrient?s digestibility of the same forages used at second assay with the mobile bag technique in a horse cannulated at cecum. The two first assays were simultaneously, with four horses with average weight of 300kg fed coast cross hay only. Water and mineral salt was offered ad libitum. The nylon bags has 45? of porosity and 6.5x 3.0cm of internal dimension and were fill with 663 mg of forage samples ground at 1mm. These assays had duration of 19 days, 10 days for adaptation and regulation of intake, and the last five days to introduce the bags in the stomach and, bags collections in the feces. Two insertions of bags were made at day with 25 bags, eight bags per forage and one empty bag. The feces and the bags were kept on the floor quickly after the horses crap, the bags were separate and the time noted. The assay of prececal digestibility had duration of 20 days which the first 5 days were to horse adaptation and the last 15 days were to insert and recovery the bags in the cecum. In this assay the bags were similar of those used in the first assay, but with a little washer in the border of the bags to possibility the recovery them in the cecum with a magnet. The magnet was place into the cannula near the ileocaecal junction, and at every 30 minutes beginning one hour after bag?s insertion in the stomach, the magnet was withdraw and the bags was removed until 7 hours later. Values of total digestibility with feces collection and mobile bags were similar with the possibility to use the mobile bag technique as alternative to feces collection. There wasn?t differences between digestibility of nutrients of lucerne and peanut forage with mobile bags technique (P<0.05), nevertheless those were higher than the coast cross hay. The use of mobile bag in cannulated horses allow to estimate the digestibility from different segments of the intestine, show to be a good alternative to study the digestion in horses / Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a digestibilidade parcial e total dos nutrientes de forrageiras atrav?s das t?cnicas de coleta total de fezes e sacos de n?ilon m?veis e avaliar a cin?tica de passagem de sacos de n?ilon m?veis no trato digest?rio de equinos. O experimento foi dividido em tr?s ensaios. O primeiro ensaio estimou a digestibilidade dos nutrientes do feno de coastcross (Cynodon dactylon cv. coastcross) atrav?s da coleta total de fezes. O segundo ensaio estimou a digestibilidade dos nutrientes do feno de alfafa (Medicago sativa), do feno de coastcross e do amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi) com a t?cnica de sacos de n?ilon m?veis. O terceiro ensaio foi realizado utilizando as mesmas forrageiras do segundo ensaio, avaliando a digestibilidade pr?-cecal com a t?cnica dos sacos de n?ilon m?veis em equino fistulado no ceco. Os dois ensaios de digest?o iniciais foram realizados simultaneamente, com quatro equinos adultos com peso m?dio de 300kg alimentados com dieta exclusiva de feno de coastcross. A ?gua e o sal mineral foram fornecidos ad libitum. Foram utilizados sacos de n?ilon com porosidade de 45? com dimens?es internas de 6,5x 3cm, e preenchidos com 663mg de amostra das forrageiras mo?das a 1mm. Os dois ensaios iniciais tiveram dura??o de 19 dias, sendo 10 dias de adapta??o e regula??o do consumo da dieta, cinco dias para inser??o g?strica dos sacos, coleta total de fezes e dos sacos de n?ilon nas fezes. Para inser??o g?strica dos sacos de n?ilon, foram feitas duas sondagens ao dia, com 25 sacos, oito com amostras de cada alimento e um em branco. As fezes e os sacos foram coletados do piso das baias imediatamente ap?s a excre??o, os sacos foram separados manualmente e anotado o tempo de tr?nsito. O ensaio de digest?o pr?-cecal teve dura??o de 20 dias sendo os cinco primeiros para adapta??o do animal ao manejo e 15 dias de sondagens e recupera??o dos sacos. Neste ensaio foram utilizados sacos semelhantes ao ensaio anterior, por?m em uma das extremidades dos sacos foi afixada uma arruela met?lica para permitir que o saco fosse recuperado no ceco com aux?lio de um im?. Este im? foi posicionado pr?ximo a jun??o ?leo-cecal e, a intervalos de 30 minutos, iniciando uma hora ap?s a inser??o dos sacos no estomago e, o im? foi retirado da c?nula e os sacos aderidos foram coletados at? 7 horas ap?s a inser??o g?strica. Os valores de digestibilidade total atrav?s da coleta de fezes e dos sacos m?veis foram semelhantes confirmando a possibilidade de utiliza??o dos sacos m?veis como alternativa a coleta de fezes. N?o houve diferen?a entre os coeficientes de digestibilidade do feno de alfafa e do amendoim forrageiro com os de sacos de n?ilon m?veis (P<0,05), no entanto estes foram maiores que o do feno de coastcross. O uso da t?cnica de sacos de n?ilon m?veis em animais fistulados permitiu estimar a digestibilidade pr?-cecal e p?s-ileal em equinos, mostrando ser uma alternativa vi?vel no estudo dos processos digestivos desta esp?cie.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-04T22:01:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WenyaDantasRomarizMachado_DISSERT.pdf: 46976534 bytes, checksum: 13e52b17ca11c5573df9cb56f0b6a726 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-11T20:09:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 WenyaDantasRomarizMachado_DISSERT.pdf: 46976534 bytes, checksum: 13e52b17ca11c5573df9cb56f0b6a726 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-11T20:09:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WenyaDantasRomarizMachado_DISSERT.pdf: 46976534 bytes, checksum: 13e52b17ca11c5573df9cb56f0b6a726 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / O presente trabalho descreve o processo de concep??o e desenvolvimento de um projeto de arquitetura para um edif?cio de uso misto (residencial multifamiliar e comercial), com aplica??o de princ?pios bioclim?ticos de conforto ambiental para a cidade de Natal/RN e ?nfase na elabora??o de envolt?rias flex?veis. Fundamenta-se, inicialmente, em pesquisa bibliogr?fica, visando ampliar a compreens?o sobre os edif?cios de uso misto, o conforto ambiental e a flexibilidade aplicada ? arquitetura, principalmente a partir dos trabalhos de Kronenburg (2007) e Jorge (2012). O conceito de flexibilidade ? tratado como uma resposta poss?vel ?s demandas funcionais e formais pretendidas para o projeto. Nesse sentido, ensejando uma analogia com a c?lula vegetal, a cria??o de uma ?segunda pele? com estruturas manej?veis funciona como um filtro, solucionando quest?es pertinentes ? promo??o do conforto ambiental ? como sombreamento e permeabilidade da ventila??o ? e tamb?m quanto ? privacidade. Do ponto de vista formal, essa solu??o confere tamb?m ao edif?cio caracter?sticas como dinamismo e flexibilidade. A pesquisa emp?rica baseou-se na an?lise dos condicionantes do terreno ? aspectos f?sico/ambientais e prescri??es urban?sticas/legais ? e estudos de refer?ncias diretos e indiretos, que subsidiaram a defini??o da programa??o, do partido arquitet?nico e das estrat?gias de conforto ambiental. A proposta arquitet?nica ? apresentada em n?vel de anteprojeto, acompanhada de um memorial que cont?m a descri??o e justificativa das solu??es projetuais adotadas, especialmente quanto ao emprego de envolt?rias flex?veis na edifica??o. / This dissertation describes the design and development of an architecture project for a mixed use building (multifamily and commercial residential), with application of bioclimatic principles of environmental comfort for the city of Natal / RN and emphasis on the elaboration of flexible enclosures. It is based, initially, on bibliographical research, aiming to broaden the understanding about mixed-use buildings, environmental comfort and flexibility applied to architecture, mainly from Kronenburg (2007) and Jorge (2012). The concept of flexibility is treated as a possible response to the functional and formal demands intended for the project. In this sense, by creating an analogy with the vegetable cell, the creation of a "second skin" with manageable structures functions as a filter, solving issues pertinent to promoting environmental comfort - such as shading and permeability of ventilation - as well as privacy. From the formal point of view, this solution also gives the building characteristics such as dynamism and flexibility. The empirical research was based on the analysis of the conditions of the site - physical / environmental aspects and urban prescriptions - and studies of direct and indirect references, which subsidized the definition of programming, the architectural party and environmental comfort strategies. The architectural proposal is accompanied by a memorial that contains the description and justification of the design solutions adopted, especially regarding the use of flexible envelopes in the building.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-07-27T21:01:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_santos_andrade.pdf: 1604049 bytes, checksum: bb2c3cf0ac4aa6046bb0b61a72490f8e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-10-05T19:08:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_santos_andrade.pdf: 1604049 bytes, checksum: bb2c3cf0ac4aa6046bb0b61a72490f8e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T19:08:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_santos_andrade.pdf: 1604049 bytes, checksum: bb2c3cf0ac4aa6046bb0b61a72490f8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / Com a crescente relev?ncia da produ??o do biodiesel no cen?rio atual, intensifica-se tamb?m a gera??o de glicerol bruto. O glicerol ? formado em abund?ncia nessa cadeia produtiva, representando 10% em peso do produto final. Dessa forma, a fim de permitir maior competitividade para a ind?stria do biodiesel, faz-se imprescind?vel a investiga??o por alternativas que visem o aproveitamento desse subproduto. Entre as poss?veis transforma??es promissoras para o glicerol bruto, encontra-se o emprego de c?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas. Nessas c?lulas, solu??es aquosas de glicerol s?o convertidas em hidrog?nio gasoso quando energia luminosa suficiente ? incidida sobre o fotocatalisador. Apesar do grande potencial das c?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas para o aproveitamento do glicerol, o desafio prevalecente ? sintetizar um fotocatalisador que gere uma alta corrente fotovoltaica nas condi??es envolvidas, e tenha uma alta estabilidade e capacidade de absor??o da luz v?sivel. Neste trabalho, sintetizou-se fotocatalisadores ? base de BiVO4, WO3 e V2O5 por m?todo drop coating, a fim de avaliar seu potencial emprego em c?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas em solu??es de glicerol. As propriedades fotoeletroqu?micas dos materiais foram investigadas por voltametria c?clica, imped?ncia eletroqu?mica, Mott-Schottky, cronoamperometria e cronopotenciometria em solu??es de Na2SO4 e Na2SO3. Al?m disso, caracterizou-se os materiais por reflect?ncia difusa (DRS), Difra??o de Raios-X (DRX) e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados mostram que as heterojun??es sintetizadas s?o fotocatalisadores eficientes para clivagem da ?gua. Particularmente, a heterojun??o de BiVO4/WO3/V2O5 se destaca pela gera??o de alta corrente fotovoltaica e boas propriedades fotoeletroqu?micas, mostrando que a jun??o dos tr?s materiais foi realizada com ?xito. Testes em solu??es de glicerina geraram resultados ainda melhores, enaltecendo o desempenho dessa heterojun??o em c?lulas fotoeletroqu?micas para aproveitamento de glicerol. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Biocombust?veis, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / The growing relevance of biodiesel production in the current scenario, it also intensifies the generation of crude glycerol. Crude glycerol is formed in abundance in this productive chain, representing 10% by weight of the final product. Thus, in order to allow greater competitiveness for biodiesel industry, it is essential to search for alternatives that aim at new applications for this by-product. Among possible promising transformations for crude glycerol, it can be used in photoelectrochemical cells. In these cells, aqueous solutions of glycerol can be converted into gaseous hydrogen if sufficient light energy is irradiated on the photocatalyst. Despite the great potential of photoelectrochemical cells, the most challenge issue is to synthesize a photocatalyst that generates a high photovoltaic current, has a good stability and excellent light absorption capacity. In this work, photocatalysts based on BiVO4, WO3 and V2O5 were synthesized by drop coating technique, in order to evaluate their potential in photoelectrochemical cells containing glycerol aqueous solutions. To evaluate their photoelectrical properties, electrochemical impedance, Mott-Schottky, chronoamperometry and chronopotentiometry were performed in Na2SO4 and Na2SO3 solutions. In addition, the semiconductors were characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the heterojunctions formed are promising photocatalysts. Particularly, the BiVO4/WO3/V2O5 heterejunction stands out for the generation of high photovoltaic current and good properties, showing that this triple junction was successfully made. Tests in glycerol solutions generated even better results, highlighting the performance of this material for photoelectrochemical cells using glycerol.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:03:28Z No. of bitstreams: 5 crisley.pdf: 2081607 bytes, checksum: 90ca0fb9cd507118e713cc82f093637a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T09:27:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 crisley.pdf: 2081607 bytes, checksum: 90ca0fb9cd507118e713cc82f093637a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T09:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 crisley.pdf: 2081607 bytes, checksum: 90ca0fb9cd507118e713cc82f093637a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-17 / A busca por energias alternativas, sustent?veis e economicamente vi?veis, colocou em destaque o uso dos biocombust?veis. Os estudos recentes apontam o uso de biomassas residuais como candidatas potenciais para produ??o de bioenergia. Nesse contexto, a presente disserta??o teve por objetivo ava-liar a torta de dend? como insumo para produ??o de etanol de segunda gera??o por meio de estudos que envolveram etapas de pr?-tratamento ?cido e alcalino, sacarifica??o e fermenta??o. Inicialmente foi determinada a composi??o centesimal da torta de dend?, indicando a presen?a de 53,2% de car-boidratos totais, dos quais 32% referente a fra??o de celulose. Para otimiza??o do pr?-tratamento ?cido foi aplicado um Planejamento Fatorial atrav?s de delineamento composto central rotacional. O programa STATISTICA Vers?o 8.0 (Statsoft Inc., Tulsa,) foi utilizado para an?lise dos dados. O pr?-tratamento com ?cido sulf?rico dilu?do resultou na remo??o de pelo menos 82% da hemicelulose presente na torta de dend?. O pr?-tratamento alcalino subsequente foi capaz de remover pelo menos 72% da lignina da biomassa, um interferente do processo fermentativo. Na sequ?ncia o processo de sacarifica??o foi otimizado com o uso de delineamento composto central rotacional com 3 fatores, 4 pontos centrais e 6 pontos axiais, onde foram avaliadas a concentra??o de celulases, a raz?o s?lido-l?quido e o tempo. O hidrolisado enzim?tico obtido em condi??o otimizada, com 80% de convers?o da celulose a a??cares redutores, foi submetido ? fermenta??o com Saccharomyces cerevisiae apre-sentando um YP/S de 0,49 com 5,4%(v/v) de ?lcool no mosto fermentado. Os dados obtidos indicaram que a torta de dend? avaliada apresenta elevado potencial para produ??o de bioetanol de segunda gera??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The search for alternative energies, sustainable and economically viable, highlighted the use of biofuels. Recent studies indicate the use of residual biomass as potential candidates for bioenergy production. In this context, the present dissertation aimed at evaluating the palm cake as a feedstock for the production of second generation ethanol through studies involving acid and alkaline pretreatment steps, saccharification and fermentation. Initially it was determined the chemical composition of palm cake, indicating the presence of 53.2% of total carbohydrates, of which 32% related to cellulose. To optimize the pretreatment was applied a Factorial Design by central composite rotational design. The program STATISTICA version 8.0 (Statsoft Inc., Tulsa,) was used for data analysis. Pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid resulted in the removal of at least 82% of the hemicellulose present in palm cake. The subsequent alkaline pretreatment was able to remove at least 72% of the lignin from the biomass, an interfering of fermentation. Further the saccharification process was optimized by the use of central composite design with three factors, fourth central points and six axial points, evaluating the concentration of cellulase, the solid-liquid ratio and the time. The enzymatic hydrolyzate obtained under optimized conditions with 80% conversion of cellulose to sugars was subjected to fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae showing an YP/S of 0.49 based on 5.4% (v/v) of alcohol in the fermented must. The data indicated that the palm kernel cake evaluated presents high potential for production of second generation bioethanol.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 tia.pdf: 1423954 bytes, checksum: 51545efc1d46e2caf827b6b93408510c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:30:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 tia.pdf: 1423954 bytes, checksum: 51545efc1d46e2caf827b6b93408510c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 tia.pdf: 1423954 bytes, checksum: 51545efc1d46e2caf827b6b93408510c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-20 / Morangos s?o frutos altamente apreciados pelos consumidores, pelas suas caracter?sticas sensoriais e nutricionais e por promoverem benef?cios ? sa?de humana. No entanto, durante a fase de cultivo, o uso indiscriminado de agrot?xicos na cultura pode tornar os frutos impr?prios para o consumo. Al?m disso, s?o necess?rias ado??o de medidas para prolongar o tempo de vida ?til dos frutos ap?s a colheita. Visando caracterizar a qualidade dos frutos comercializados em Diamantina e tamb?m propor t?cnicas para melhor conserva??o dos morangos no armazenamento p?s-colheita realizou-se este trabalho, que constou de dois experimentos. No primeiro procurou-se identificar e quantificar res?duos dos agrot?xicos nos frutos os quais foram coletados em sete fazendas da regi?o em tr?s ?pocas diferentes. A extra??o dos agrot?xicos da matriz foi realizada por extra??o s?lido-l?quido com parti??o em baixa temperatura (ESL-PBT) e a detec??o e quantifica??o foram feitas por cromatografia gasosa com detector de captura de el?trons. Em 28,57% das amostras n?o foram detectados res?duos dos agrot?xicos azoxistrobina, bifentrina, cipermetrina, clorotalonil, clorpirof?s, difenoconazol, endossulfam, iprodiona, ?-cialotrina e permetrina. Em 33,33% dessas amostras constataram-se res?duos abaixo do limite m?ximo de res?duos (LMR) estabelecido e em 38,10% os n?veis desses res?duos nas amostras foram considerados insatisfat?rios por apresentarem res?duos de produtos n?o autorizados e/ou se autorizados acima do LMR. No segundo experimento avaliou-se o efeito de revestimento de amostras de morango com coberturas comest?veis ? base de amido previamente extra?do de banana verde, quitosana e cloreto de c?lcio no armazenamento refrigerado. Os frutos foram coletados no munic?pio de Datas, MG e submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: imers?o em solu??es de quitosana (QTS), CaCl2 (Ca), amido de banana (Am), amido e quitosana (AmQTS), quitosana e CaCl2 (QTSCa) , amido e CaCl2 (AmCa), amido, quitosana e CaCl2 (AmQTSCa), al?m do grupo controle (Cte). No tempo inicial e ap?s 3, 6, 9, 12 e 16 dias do in?cio do armazenamento, os frutos submetidos aos diferentes tipos de revestimento sob refrigera??o foram avaliados quanto a perda de mat?ria fresca (%), pH, s?lidos sol?veis (?Brix), acidez titul?vel (em percentual e percentual de ?cido c?trico), teor de vitamina C (mg 100 g-1), compostos fen?licos (g 100 g-1 de ?cido t?nico), flavon?ides (g 100 g-1 de ?cido t?nico), antocianinas (mg 100 g-1), atividade antioxidante total (?M sulfato ferroso g-1 de fruta) e a??cares (g 100 g-1). Foram tamb?m avaliados desenvolvimento de bolores e leveduras e coliformes totais ao longo do armazenamento. Frutos que n?o receberam o revestimento mantiveram suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas por 11 dias. Ap?s este per?odo de armazenamento houve perdas na qualidade dos frutos. Por outro lado frutos submetidos aos tratamentos quitosana, quitosana-CaCl2 e amido de banana-quitosana-CaCl2 mantiveram suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas durante o per?odo avaliado (16 dias). Os revestimentos com quitosana mostraram-se, ainda, eficientes na prote??o de crescimento de micro-organismos. Concluiu-se que ? necess?rio conscientizar os produtores e os agentes de fiscaliza??o na utiliza??o sobre o uso inadequado dos agrot?xicos e que no caso do armazenamento dos frutos o envolvimento destes com filmes de quitosana prolongam as suas qualidades nutricionais al?m dificultar o ataque de fungos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Strawberries fruits are highly appreciated by consumers for their sensory and nutritional characteristics and for promoting benefits to human health. However, during its cultivation, indiscriminate use of pesticides in crop can make the fruits unfit for consumption. Besides, it is necessary the adoption of measures to prolong the life of the fruits after harvest. In order to characterize the quality of the fruit sold in Diamantina, Brazil, and also to propose techniques to improve the conservation of strawberries in post-harvest storage this work was conducted, and carried out in two experiments. In the first, we tried to identify and to quantify pesticide residues in fruits which were collected in seven farms in the region in three different eras. The extraction of pesticides was performed by solid-liquid matrix extraction with partition under low temperature (SLE-LTP) and the detection and quantification were performed by gas chromatography with electron capture detector. In 28.57% of the samples were not detected residues of pesticides azoxystrobin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, difenoconazole, endosulfan, iprodione, ?-cyhalothrin and permethrin. In 33.33% of these samples, there have been noticed residues below the maximum residue limit (MRL) established and in 38.10% of the samples, have been found levels of unauthorized products and / or above MRL. The second experiment evaluated the effect of coating samples of strawberry with previously edible coatings based on starch on extracted from green banana, chitosan and calcium chloride in cold storage. The fruits were collected in the municipality of Datas, MG and subjected to the following treatments: immersion in solutions of chitosan (CTS), CaCl2 (Ca), banana starch (Am), starch and chitosan (AmQTS), chitosan and CaCl2 (QTSCa), starch and CaCl2 (AmCa), starch, chitosan and CaCl2 (AmQTSCa), and the control group (Cte). At baseline and after 3, 6, 9, 12 and 16 days from the beginning of storage, the fruits subjected to different types of coating under refrigeration were assessed for fresh weight loss (%), pH, soluble solids (?Brix), titratable acidity (in percentage and percentage of citric acid), vitamin C (mg 100 g-1), phenolic compounds (g 100 g-1 of tannic acid), flavonoids (g 100 g-1 of tannic acid), anthocyanins (mg 100 g-1), total antioxidant activity (?M ferrous sulphate g-1 fruit) and sugars (g 100 g-1). We also evaluated the development of molds, yeasts and coliforms during storage. Fruits that have not received the coating maintained its physicochemical properties for 11 days. After this storage period there have been losses in fruit quality. Besides, fruits treated with chitosan, chitosan-CaCl2 and banana starch-chitosan-CaCl2 maintained their physicochemical properties during the study period (16 days). The chitosan coating proved also to be effective in protecting the growth of micro-organisms. It was concluded that it is necessary to educate producers and control staff about the inappropriate use of pesticides, and that in the case of storage of fruits their involvement with chitosan films extend its nutritional qualities and protect them against fungal attack.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-26T13:23:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 camila_tangari_meira.pdf: 312940 bytes, checksum: a4627c11344e9979ceee55d723fadc4a (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-26T13:24:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 camila_tangari_meira.pdf: 312940 bytes, checksum: a4627c11344e9979ceee55d723fadc4a (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-26T13:24:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 camila_tangari_meira.pdf: 312940 bytes, checksum: a4627c11344e9979ceee55d723fadc4a (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar um conjunto de caracter?sticas morfofuncionais, caracter?sticas morfom?tricas e pontua??o da marcha, atrav?s da an?lise de componentes principais (ACP), e estimar os par?metros gen?ticos, para as caracter?sticas relevantes ap?s an?lise multivariada em cavalos da ra?a Mangalarga Marchador. Dados de 14288 animais, nascidos de 1990 a 2005, foram submetidos ? ACP, objetivando reduzir a dimensionalidade do conjunto de caracter?sticas. Foram consideradas as seguintes caracter?sticas: altura na cernelha, altura na garupa, comprimento da cabe?a, comprimento do pesco?o, comprimento do dorso, comprimento da garupa, comprimento da esp?dua, comprimento do corpo, largura da cabe?a, largura das ancas, per?metro do t?rax, per?metro da canela e a pontua??o da marcha. A partir desta an?lise, sugeriram-se sete vari?veis para descarte, por apresentarem maiores coeficientes de pondera??o, em valor absoluto, a partir do ?ltimo componente principal. Assim, recomendaram-se as seguintes caracter?sticas para serem mantidas em trabalhos que utilizar?o esta mesma base de dados: pontua??o da marcha (PM), altura na garupa (AG), comprimento do dorso (CD), comprimento da garupa (CG), largura da cabe?a (LC) e per?metro da canela (PC). Estas caracter?sticas foram submetidas a uma an?lise gen?tica a fim de estimar suas herdabilidades e correla??es gen?ticas e fenot?picas. Os componentes de (co)vari?ncia necess?rios ? estima??o dos par?metros gen?ticos das caracter?sticas estudadas foram estimados pelo m?todo da M?xima Verossimilhan?a Restrita (REML). O modelo animal multicaracter?stica incluiu efeito gen?tico aditivo direto de animal, como aleat?rio, e os efeitos fixos de grupos contempor?neos, al?m da covari?vel idade do animal ao registro. Altas estimativas de herdabilidade (0,66 para PM a 0,94 para CD) foram encontradas, evidenciando a possibilidade de resposta direta ? sele??o. Foram estimadas correla??es gen?ticas e fenot?picas de ausentes a moderadas magnitudes e discretas tend?ncias gen?ticas ao longo dos anos para maior parte das caracter?sticas avaliadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate a set of morphofunctional traits, morphometric traits and marcha score data through the principal component analysis (PCA) and genetic parameters for the relevant traits in a multivariate analysis in horses Mangalarga Marchador . Data from 14,288 animals born from 1990 to 2005 were submitted to PCA aimed at reducing the dimensionality of the data set. There had been considered the following characteristics: height at withers, height at croup, lengths of head, neck, back, croup, hip length and body, widths of head, hip width, thorax perimeter, cannon bone circumference and marcha score. From this analysis, it was suggested seven variables to be discarded, because they have higher weightings (eigenvectors) in absolute value from the last major component. Based on the results, there was recommended the following characteristics to be maintained in future work: marcha score, height at croup, length of back, length of croup, width of head and cannon bone circumference. In a second step, these features were subjected to a genetic analysis to estimate their heritability?s and genetic and phenotypic correlations. The components of (co) variance needed to estimate the genetic parameters studied were estimated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML). The trait animal model included direct genetic effect as random and fixed effects of contemporary groups and the covariate age record. High heritability estimates were found, suggesting the possibility of direct response to selection. Genetic and phenotypic correlation were estimate of absence to moderate magnitudes between traits and observed discrete genetic trends over the years for most traits.

Submitted by M?rden L?les (marden.inacio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-21T18:35:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Diego_dos_Santos_Vieira.pdf: 3296114 bytes, checksum: b738df6d293269169107da9a2300aaa3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T17:07:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Diego_dos_Santos_Vieira.pdf: 3296114 bytes, checksum: b738df6d293269169107da9a2300aaa3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T17:07:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Diego_dos_Santos_Vieira.pdf: 3296114 bytes, checksum: b738df6d293269169107da9a2300aaa3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa investigar a estrutura e padr?o espacial de uma ?rea de floresta periodicamente inund?vel e suas esp?cies dominantes, de modo a contribuir para defini??o de estrat?gias de manejo e conserva??o (?rea I); analisar a estrutura diam?trica, padr?o espacial e m?todos de amostragem para estimar a densidade de Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. na Regi?o do Baixo Rio Tapaj?s (?rea II). A ?rea I trata-se de um t?pico fragmento de Floresta Ombr?fila Densa Aluvial utilizado para atender os objetivos do cap?tulo 2, enquanto que a ?rea II representa uma Floresta Ombr?fila Densa de Terra Firme utilizada para atingir os objetivos do cap?tulo 3. Na ?rea I foram instaladas 308 unidades amostrais cont?guas de 10 x 10 m, perfazendo uma ?rea amostral de 3,08 ha. Nessas unidades amostrais, todos os indiv?duos com di?metro a 1,30 m de altura do solo (dap) ? 10 cm foram medidos, identificados e referenciados em coordenadas cartesianas (X,Y). Foram calculados os par?metros fitossociol?gicos de densidade, frequ?ncia, domin?ncia e posi??o sociol?gica, e as esp?cies ordenadas segundo o valor de import?ncia ampliado (VIA). A diversidade e o padr?o espacial foram obtidos atrav?s do ?ndice de Shannon-Weaver e fun??o K de Ripley, respectivamente. Na ?rea II, realizou-se um invent?rio de prospec??o com mapeamento de todas as ?rvores de Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. com dap ? 20 cm, totalizando 1.000 hectares. Para an?lise da estrutura diam?trica foram utilizadas t?cnicas multivariadas: an?lise de agrupamento e discriminante. Utilizaram-se para an?lise de agrupamento a dist?ncia euclidiana e o m?todo de Ward. O padr?o espacial foi definido por meio do emprego da fun??o univariada K de Ripley. Constatado o padr?o espacial, dividiu-se o mapa em unidades de 50 x 50 m, no qual foram simulados diferentes procedimentos de amostragem (Amostragem Casual Simples, Amostragem Sistem?tica e Amostragem Adaptativa em Cluster) com intensidade amostral de 15% e limite de erro de 10%. As compara??es entre os m?todos foram realizadas por meio do teste F de Graybill e an?lises da precis?o e exatid?o obtidas das 30 simula??es realizadas para cada procedimento. Na ?rea I foram registrados 1.022 indiv?duos, distribu?dos em 64 esp?cies arb?reas e 33 fam?lias. A diversidade registrada foi de 3,03 nats.ind-1. As seis esp?cies de maior VIA foram: Campsiandra laurifolia Beth., Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Mull.Arg, Glicoxylon pedicellatum Ducke, Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart, Vantanea parviflora Lam. e Mabea caudata Pax & K.Hoffm. O padr?o espacial da comunidade variou em fun??o da dist?ncia considerada, por?m foi predominantemente agregado. Os padr?es espaciais detectados para as esp?cies foram: predominantemente aleat?rio para a esp?cie Vantanea parviflora; completamente agregado para as esp?cies Hevea brasiliensis e Glicoxylon pedicellatum; predominantemente agregado para Campsiandra laurifolia, Tetragastris altissima e Mabea caudata. Na ?rea II, a distribui??o diam?trica de Bertholletia excelsa apresentou clara tend?ncia ? normalidade, enquanto que o padr?o espacial foi predominantemente aleat?rio. Os m?todos de amostragem adaptativos foram ineficiente e subestimam o n?mero de indiv?duos por hectare. Os procedimentos casual simples e sistem?tico podem ser utilizados para invent?rios florestais de Bertholletia excelsa desde que haja um aumento na intensidade amostral para valores acima de 44% da ?rea total. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to investigate the structure and space pattern of a periodically floodable forest area and its prevalent species, in such a way to contribute to the definition of handling and conservation strategies (Area I); analyze the diameter structure, spatial pattern and sampling methods to estimate the Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl density in the Lower Tapaj?s River Region (Area II). Area I is a typical fragment of alluvial Dense Ombrophilous Forest used to accord the objectives of chapter 2, while Area II represent a Solid Ground Dense Ombrophilous Forest used to reach the aims of chapter 3. In Area I 308 contiguous sampling units measuring 10 x10 cm were installed, making a sampling area of 3.08ha. In those sampling units, all the individuals with 1.3m height from the soil (dap) > 10cm were measured, identified and referenced in Cartesian coordinates (X,Y). The phytossociological parameters of density, frequency, dominance and sociological position were calculated, and the species were sorted according to the increased importance rate (VIA). The diversity and the spatial pattern were obtained through the index of Shannon-Weaver and K function of Ripley, respectively. In Area II, an inventory of prospection with the mapping of all Bertholletia excels Bonpl. trees with dap > 20cm was made, totalizing 1,000 hectares. For the analysis of the diametrical structure multi-varied techniques were adopted: grouping analysis and discriminating analysis. To the grouping analysis the Euclidian distance and the Ward method were used. The spatial pattern was defined by employing the univariate Ripley K function. After confirming the spatial pattern, the map was divided into 50 x 50 cm units, in which different sampling procedures were simulated (Simple Casual Sampling, Systematic Sampling and Cluster Adaptive Sampling) with 15% sampling intensity and 10 % error limit. The comparisons between the methods were performed by means of Graybill F test and precision analysis obtained from the 30 simulations performed for each procedure. In Area I 1,022 individuals were recorded, they were distributed into 64 arboreal species and 33 families. The recorded diversity was 3.03 nats.ind-1. The six species with greater VIA were: Campsiandra laurifolia Beth., Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Mull.Arg, Glicoxyson pedicellatum Ducke, Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart, Vantanea parviflora Lam. And Mabea caudata Pax & K.Hoffm. The spatial pattern of the community has varied because of the considered distance, however it was predominantly aggregated. The spatial patterns detected for the species were: Predominantly random for the Vantanea parviflora; completely aggregated for the Hevea brasiliensis and Glicoxylon pedicellatum species; predominantly aggregated for Camsiandra laurifolia. Tetragastris altissima and Mabea caudata. In Area II, the diametric distribution of Bertholletia excelsa has showed clear tendency to normality, while the spatial pattern was predominantly random. The adaptive sampling methods were inefficient and underestimate the number of individuals per hectare. The simple casual and systematic procedures can be used in Betholletia excelsa forest inventories if there is an increase of sampling intensity for values over 44% the total area.