This research brings together two concepts that are often depicted as polar opposites. Sutton-Smith (2001) however suggests that the opposite of play is not work, but depression, and moreover echoes other scholars in reclaiming play as an essential human expression, even for adults. This study, therefore, argues that, given the precarious wellness territory our workplaces are in, something about work is not working. It is furthermore proposed that, given all the evidence of the therapeutic potential inherent to play, there is indeed something nutritious at play in play. Despite these well-supported arguments, play remains hidden away in the academic shadows of more serious industrial psychological preoccupations. Surprisingly, the same conspicuous absence is even mirrored in Positive Psychology, a bustling field that claims to celebrate glee, fun, and happiness (Seligman, 2002a). Entitled “An autoethnographic exploration of play at work,” this dissertation leans on the metaphor of “exploration”, or more specifically, exploratory play. This results in two distinct yet interwoven dimensions to the research study. Firstly, the research approaches the phenomenon of play and play-based methods in workshop contexts through the lived experience of the researcher. Secondly, the research project in itself is conceptualised as work, and the methodology of autoethnography is conceptualised as a playful approach to this work of conducting research. Aside from widening the research scope, this also appropriately matches research methodology to the research domain. Aside from being about play at work, this research also is play at work. Autoethnography, as a recent development in qualitative research, remains unconventional and somewhat controversial in the South African social sciences. Autoethnography, as an offspring of ethnography, offers a method to reflexively incorporate the researcher’s own lived experience in the study of culture as a primary source of rich phenomenological data. Instead of minimising the emotive and subjective, this research amplifies and celebrates it. Given a fair degree of unfamiliarity in terms of autoethnography as well the accusation of being overly self-centred, the experience of the researcher is then complemented by the views of a number of co-creators to the culture being studied. This is done through external data-gathering in the forms of a focus group as well as number of semistructured, dyadic interviews. While therefore leaning more toward postmodern themes, this research also incorporates what has been termed analytical autoethnography (Anderson, 2006), wherein the researcher is a full-member of the setting being studied, is portrayed as such and is committed to theoretical analysis. This study can therefore be summarised as an autoethnographic case study that balances evocative and analytical styles (Vryan, 2006) while emanating from the philosophical assumptions of interpretivism and subjectivism. Internal realities and meaning-creation are thus emphasised rather than the received views of positivism. The central research question being explored is how play and play-based methods promote work-related well-being. To answer this question, firstly, play and play-based methods are explored, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. From within workshop (pedagogical) contexts, the play-based methods considered throughout this study include metaphor and story, creative-arts-based play, physical-body play and also the uncelebrated yet essential methods of icebreakers and games. A preliminary taxonomy is proposed for play-based methods to offer description and to facilitate reflection and learning. Descriptive elements in this taxonomy include interactive vs. solitary, competitive vs. cooperative, motor-sensory vs. cognitive-mind, participative vs. vicarious and rule-bound vs. improvisational. Building on this exploration of play-based methods, the second aspect explored in more detail has to do with the more internal and subjective experiences of participants, or players, if you like. These experiences are then related to prominent concepts encountered in Positive Psychology to, by proxy, understand how they relate to work-related well-being. Significant themes that emerge from this include play as fun, play as mind-body integration, play as authenticity, play as community, and play as stress-relief and resilience. This is then woven into a creative non-fiction, in accord with a trend in qualitative research called creative analytical practices (CAP) (Richardson, 2000). This creative non-fiction, detailed in Chapter 4, forms a key autoethnographic output that animates all these themes in a way that is accessible, evocative and playful. Chapter 5 complements this chapter with an in-depth exploration of the research journey as a confessional tale. While adopting the metaphor of hiking in mountains (exploring nature), this confessional tale clarifies the research process and incorporates an in-depth analysis of the themes, both in terms of research data as well as literature. This is supported by a number of separate appendixes, including interview transcripts, depictions of the interview analysis as well as a number of photos from the field. In terms of its uniqueness and unconventionality, this research joins in the choir of related work to incorporate more contemporary research genres into the social sciences in South Africa. By doing so, it opens up doors to phenomena that simply resist being studied with the ontological and epistemological assumptions of conventional modern science. Furthermore, the effect and impact of this research is that it provides accessible and practical ideas as to how a synthesis of play and work can help us renew and rejuvenate our work and workplaces. That is, how we can come alive in the work contexts that risk becoming sterile, clinical and inhuman in the wake of Taylorist reductionism and efficiency. Given that state of work and workplace, and the productive and therapeutic potential in play, indeed, we are too busy not to play. / Thesis (MCom (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Bakgrund: Yrkesrelaterad stress har ökat markant under de senaste tio åren. Vårdyrken anses vara bland de arbeten som är mest tyngda av stress. Långvarig stress kan ge individen fysiska såväl som psykiska problem och kan leda till utbrändhet. För att kunna fastställa en god och säker vård krävs stressförebyggande åtgärder, eftersom kraven på sjuksköterskor höjs allt mer. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors strategier för att hantera arbetsrelaterad stress. Metod: Litteraturstudie inkluderande nio kvalitativa studier varav en studie som även bestod av kvantitativa resultat, men endast de kvalitativa resultaten behandlades i denna litteraturstudie. Artiklarna analyserades med inspiration av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier identifierades; ”Stressreducering på arbetsplatsen” och ”Stressreducering utanför arbetet”. Den första huvudkategorin utgjordes av underkategorierna ”Kollegialt stöd”, ”Prioriteringar”, ”Att påverka sin egen arbetstid”, ”Att distansera sig”, ”Att stärka sig själv” samt ”Tro och andlighet”. Den andra huvudkategorin bestod av underkategorierna ”Att lämna arbetat bakom sig”, ”Fritidsaktiviteter”, ”Sömn” samt ”Tobak och alkohol”. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor kan ta till flertalet strategier för att reducera stress kortsiktigt. Däremot krävs organisatoriska förändringar på högre nivå för att på lång sikt reducera arbetsstressen hos sjuksköterskor. / Background: Work related stress has increased greatly during the past decade. Healthcare workers are considered having among the most stressful working conditions. Long term stress may cause physical as well as psychological harm on the individual, which may lead to burnout. In order to be able to secure a good and safe healthcare for the patients, it is essential to find long term stress reducing solutions. This is especially important in today’s healthcare, since the demands on the registered nurse are getting even higher. Aim: The aim of this literature study is to describe the strategies used by registered nurses for manage work related stress. Methods: This literature study included nine qualitative articles, of which one also consisted of quantitative results. However, only qualitative results were included in this literature study. All nine articles were analysed with inspiration from qualitative content analysis. Results: Two main categories were identified; ”Stress Reduction at the Workplace” and ”Stress Reduction Outside of the Workplace”. The main category first mentioned consisted of the subcategories “Collegial Support”, “Priorities”, “Influencing One’s Own Working Hours”, “To Distance Oneself”, “To Strengthen Oneself” as well as “Belief and Spirituality”. The second main category consisted of the subcategories “To Leave Work Behind”, “Spare Time Activities”, “Sleep” and also “Tobacco and Alcohol”. Conclusion: Registered nurses may use several strategies in order to reduce stress momentarily. However, organisational changes on a higher level are needed to reduce work related stress in the long term among registered nurses.

This thesis presents a program of research exploring the multilevel organisational structure of fleet safety management. The aim of this research was to investigate three current fleet safety initiatives, and individual and contextual factors influencing safe driving behaviour in a work vehicle. Three studies were conducted to achieve this aim. This research utilised a sample of employees from a range of Queensland Government agencies.----- Study one evaluated three current fleet safety initiatives within the Queensland Government. From a sample of fleet co-ordinators (N=24) and drivers (N=88), this study established the extent to which specific psychological processes underlying the fleet safety initiatives were adopted, and the attitude change associated with their use. This study found mixed support for the Hypotheses, with the influence of the fleet safety initiatives on fleet co-ordinators' and drivers' attitude change being consistent with processes associated with the persuasive communication framework, and behaviour management. However, the study found no support for the behavioural management processes hypothesised to underlie the incentive scheme (CPP). The findings of the study suggested that while fleet safety initiatives can have an influence on fleet co-ordinator and driver attitude change, their impact depends on the extent to which safety issues are viewed as relevant, and the extent to which there is reinforcement within the organisational environment to support these safety initiatives. Therefore, the findings from this study, combined with existing research into the impact of safety climate, suggest the workplace context needs to be taken into account. For this reason, study two investigated the role of perceptions of the safety climate, in addition to individual attributes, as predictors of self-reported crash involvement.----- Study two applied a framework incorporating driver attributes, including attitudes towards traffic safety and self-efficacy, and drivers' perceptions of the safety climate, as predictors of self-reported crashes in a work vehicle. Within this framework, drivers' perception of the safety climate, and their individual attributes were conceptualised as antecedents of driving performance, and driver safety motivation and knowledge mediated the relationship between these factors and self-reported crashes. A total of 385 drivers participated in this study, which found motivation to drive safely mediated the relationship between driver attributes and self-reported crashes. The initial analysis did not find a significant relationship between safety climate and safety motivation. However, posthoc analyses exploring this non-significant relationship found managerial safety values could be distinguished from other facets of the safety climate construct. Subsequently, the results indicated managerial safety values predicted safety motivation, when drivers perceived a strong safety climate. This study provided a more thorough understanding of the variables predicting driver behaviour at an individual level of analysis. However, a shortcoming is the study did not consider the various influences impacting on drivers' safety perceptions, and individual attributes within the context of the work environment.----- Study three extended on the framework established in study two, and investigated the contribution of leader attributes to the prediction of drivers' safety perceptions, and individual attributes. The leader attribute measures, specifically, perceptions of the safety climate, motivation, knowledge, and work overload were collected from a sample of fleet co-ordinators (N=52) and supervisors (N=88). Through multi-level analyses, both supervisors and fleet co-ordinators were shown to influence the safety perceptions and individual attributes of individuals who drive work vehicles. Support was found for positive relationships between supervisor safety knowledge, and the individual attributes. However, there was a large amount of variation due to group membership unaccounted for by supervisor safety knowledge and the safety performance factors investigated within the supervisor groups. These findings suggested supervisors may not be interacting with drivers in relation to fleet safety matters, but that other factors associated with work group membership are having an impact on drivers' safety perceptions. In comparison, there was a small amount of variation accounted for by fleet co-ordinator group membership. However, the results suggested the fleet co-ordinator leader attributes accounted for a high percentage of this variation in group membership. Support was found for a positive relationship between fleet co-ordinator safety perceptions, and driver safety perceptions. Other results found fleet co-ordinators were engaging in higher workloads to enhance the safety perceptions, and attitudes towards traffic safety of drivers within their groups.----- Overall, these studies establish a multilevel organisational process of effect, whereby individual and leader attributes, and organisational initiatives all play a role in influencing the safety performance of work-related drivers. The results also indicated an unclear structure in the management of fleet safety, as perceived by drivers, and through the roles and responsibilities of supervisors and fleet co-ordinators. The implications of these results for the management of fleet safety are discussed.

Work-related stress can be either positive or negative, but the difficulty is to create a balance between demands at work, control at work and social support. High demands at work can both motivate, but at the same time result in excessive workload if the individual does not have enough control and support. In the real estate sector, it is insufficient with studies among work-related stress and by that it is interesting to investigate that sector. The purpose of this study is to examine and get an insight of the work related stress at the real estate company Kungsleden. The study is based on the “Job demand-control-support” model, which explains the relationship between psychological demands at work, control at work and social support and how it affects the stress level. In addition to this, the study also aims to investigate how the management is working with preventing work related stress. To be able to explain the purpose of the study, a method triangulation was conducted, in form of a questionnaire and interviews. The questionnaire received 34 answers and nine interviews were conducted. The result from the questionnaire show that the majority are positively stressed and are experiencing high work demands, high levels of work control and high levels of social support. Furthermore, the interviews presented that the management are actively working to prevent work-related stress at Kungsleden to create a health-promoting workplace. / Arbetsrelaterad stress kan både vara positiv eller negativ, det svåra är att skapa en balans mellan arbetskrav, arbetskontroll och arbetsstöd. Höga arbetskrav inom verksamheten kan både motivera, men samtidigt leda till en för hög arbetsbelastning om individen inte har tillräckligt med kontroll och stöd. Inom fastighetsbranschen är det bristfälligt med studier kring ämnet och därmed är det intressant att undersöka branschen. Syftet med studien blir således att få en insikt i hur den arbetsrelaterade stressen upplevs inom fastighetsbolaget Kungsleden. Studien grundar sig på “Job demand-control-support” modellen som förklarar sambandet mellan arbetskrav, arbetskontroll samt arbetsstöd och hur de påverkar stressnivån. Studien undersöker även hur ledningen på Kungsleden arbetar med det förebyggande arbetet kring arbetsrelaterad stress. För att besvara studiens syfte genomfördes en metodtriangulering, i form av en enkätundersökning och intervjuer. Enkätundersökningen gav 34 stycken enkätsvar och det genomfördes nio stycken intervjuer. Resultatet från enkätundersökningen påvisade att majoriteten är positivt stressade och därmed upplever höga arbetskrav, hög arbetskontroll och högt socialt stöd. Från intervjuerna framgick det att ledningen arbetar aktivt med att förebygga arbetsrelaterad stress på Kungsleden för att skapa en hälsofrämjande arbetsplats.

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-19T18:46:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAQS.pdf: 7011030 bytes, checksum: 8e3c2b2424fbf8a19bb9de510f1866a6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-20T13:39:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAQS.pdf: 7011030 bytes, checksum: 8e3c2b2424fbf8a19bb9de510f1866a6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-20T13:39:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAQS.pdf: 7011030 bytes, checksum: 8e3c2b2424fbf8a19bb9de510f1866a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T13:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAQS.pdf: 7011030 bytes, checksum: 8e3c2b2424fbf8a19bb9de510f1866a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / Não recebi financiamento / Organizational Culture is a theme that has been gaining interest in the academic area and in business management, mostly since the 1980's. Organizational culture can be understood as a set of assumptions, values, and artifacts transmitted between its members, creating a meaning which defines a behavior pattern in an organization. This study aimed to analyze the alignment between cultural and work related values of potential employees in a Brazilian Financial Institution. It was relevant for the studied company to analyze the expectations of the new employees, since these expectations may or may not converge with the present cultural values, influencing these people. Since the organizational culture rules the company and its member's behaviors, according to the definition, it is believed that the analysis of the alignment between work related values and the organizational culture is an important diagnostic tool for strategic actions. The research was developed in a large financial institution, of mixed economy, and because of this fact, it shows the coexistence between public and private values. By performing a survey between the potential employees of that organization (approved in a public examination and summoned to take office), it was possible to identify the values that would orientate their work life and, afterwards, these values were compared to the cultural values already existing in the company. With regard to corporate values (declared by the organization), an alignment in the ones related to safety, accomplishment, universalism, and benevolence was observed. As far as organizational values go (values shared by the organization members), there was an alignment in those related to safety, conformity, and self-determination, as well as a partial alignment in the values related to realization, universalism, and benevolence. Considering both types of values as representatives of the company's organizational culture, we found an alignment in safety values and a misalignment in the values related to power, dominance, and prestige. The lack of alignment in these values must be observed by the company, since that can influence the satisfaction of new employees with their work negatively, contribute to a higher turnover rate, and even influence the financial performance of the company. Additionally, the new employees values can, over time, modify the company's culture itself. / Cultura Organizacional é um tema que ganhou crescente interesse tanto na área acadêmica quanto na gestão empresarial, principalmente, a partir da década de oitenta. A cultura organizacional pode ser entendida como um conjunto de pressupostos, valores e artefatos transmitidos entre seus membros, criando um significado que definem um padrão de comportamento em uma organização. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar o alinhamento entre os valores culturais e os valores relativos ao trabalho de funcionários ingressantes em uma instituição financeira brasileira. Julgou-se relevante para a organização estudada analisar as expectativas dos ingressantes em seu quadro funcional, uma vez que essas podem ou não convergir com os valores culturais vigentes, influenciando-os. Como a cultura organizacional rege o comportamento da empresa e seus membros, segundo a definição, acredita-se que a análise do alinhamento entre valores relativos ao trabalho e cultura organizacional seja uma importante ferramenta diagnóstica para ações estratégicas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma organização financeira de grande porte, de economia mista, e que por esta característica tem presente em sua cultura a coexistência entre valores públicos e privados. Por meio da realização de uma pesquisa de levantamento (survey) entre os funcionários ingressantes naquela organização (aprovados em concurso público e convocados a tomar posse) foram identificados os valores que orientariam sua vida no trabalho e, posteriormente, estes foram comparados aos valores culturais já existentes na empresa. Com relação aos valores corporativos (declarados pelo organização) observou-se alinhamento naqueles relacionados à segurança, realização, universalismo e benevolência. Já em relação aos valores organizacionais (valores compartilhados pelos membros da organização), encontrou-se alinhamento naqueles relacionados à segurança, conformidade e autodeterminação, bem como um alinhamento parcial quanto aos valores de realização, universalismo e benevolência. Considerando os dois tipos de valores como representantes da cultura organizacional da empresa, encontramos alinhamento nos valores de segurança e desalinhamento nos valores poder, domínio e prestígio. A falta de alinhamento nesses valores deve ser observada pela organização, já que podem influenciar negativamente na satisfação dos ingressantes com o trabalho, contribuir para aumentar índices de rotatividade e, até mesmo, influenciar o desempenho financeiro da organização. Adicionalmente, os valores dos ingressantes podem ao longo do tempo modificar a própria cultura da organização.

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) acometem a saúde do trabalhador, desde a década de 90, gerando ocorrências num grande número de pessoas, em diferentes países e diversas atividades, sendo um dos casos mais evidenciados no contexto ocupacional. Trabalhadores sujeitos a cargas de trabalho semelhantes, que desempenham a mesma atividade, podem apresentar variações significativas no seu estado de saúde relacionado ao trabalho. Uma forma eficaz de reduzir o número de casos de DORT é a prevenção, que só se torna efetiva se for participativa e abrangente e se minimizar os fatores de risco presentes nas situações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a gestão preventiva dos problemas relacionados aos DORT, através de uma abordagem ergonômica estruturada, interpretações, prevalências, tipos de tratamentos ou reabilitações para retorno ao trabalho, bem como avaliar e gerar dispositivos de controle dos problemas relacionados aos DORT em uma indústria cimenteira, baseando-se na estratégia SOBANE, por ser uma estratégia de prevenção que avalia os fatores de risco e permite a interação com os trabalhadores. (excluída a frase sobre limitação do método) Como resultado prático para a empresa foram propostas recomendações através de plano de ação detalhado, de forma a melhorar continuamente as atividades e postos de trabalho, reduzindo os fatores de risco. / Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) affect the health of workers, since the Nineties, generating occurrences in a great number of people, in different countries and several activities, which are being one of expressed cases in the occupational context. Employees subjected to similar loads, performing the same activity, can present significant variations of their state of health work related. An effective way to reduce the number of WRMD cases is the prevention, only becomes effective if it is participative and comprehensive and if it minimizes the risk factors present at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to conduct the preventive management of the problems related to WRMD, through a structural ergonomic approach, interpretation, prevalences, types of treatments or rehabilitation to return to work, as well as generating controls devices of problems related to WRMD in a cement industry, based on SOBANE strategy, to be a prevention strategy which evaluates the risk factors and allows the interaction with employees. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are proposed through a detailed action plan, in order to apply continuous improvement in the work environment, reducing the risk factors.

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) acometem a saúde do trabalhador, desde a década de 90, gerando ocorrências num grande número de pessoas, em diferentes países e diversas atividades, sendo um dos casos mais evidenciados no contexto ocupacional. Trabalhadores sujeitos a cargas de trabalho semelhantes, que desempenham a mesma atividade, podem apresentar variações significativas no seu estado de saúde relacionado ao trabalho. Uma forma eficaz de reduzir o número de casos de DORT é a prevenção, que só se torna efetiva se for participativa e abrangente e se minimizar os fatores de risco presentes nas situações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a gestão preventiva dos problemas relacionados aos DORT, através de uma abordagem ergonômica estruturada, interpretações, prevalências, tipos de tratamentos ou reabilitações para retorno ao trabalho, bem como avaliar e gerar dispositivos de controle dos problemas relacionados aos DORT em uma indústria cimenteira, baseando-se na estratégia SOBANE, por ser uma estratégia de prevenção que avalia os fatores de risco e permite a interação com os trabalhadores. (excluída a frase sobre limitação do método) Como resultado prático para a empresa foram propostas recomendações através de plano de ação detalhado, de forma a melhorar continuamente as atividades e postos de trabalho, reduzindo os fatores de risco. / Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) affect the health of workers, since the Nineties, generating occurrences in a great number of people, in different countries and several activities, which are being one of expressed cases in the occupational context. Employees subjected to similar loads, performing the same activity, can present significant variations of their state of health work related. An effective way to reduce the number of WRMD cases is the prevention, only becomes effective if it is participative and comprehensive and if it minimizes the risk factors present at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to conduct the preventive management of the problems related to WRMD, through a structural ergonomic approach, interpretation, prevalences, types of treatments or rehabilitation to return to work, as well as generating controls devices of problems related to WRMD in a cement industry, based on SOBANE strategy, to be a prevention strategy which evaluates the risk factors and allows the interaction with employees. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are proposed through a detailed action plan, in order to apply continuous improvement in the work environment, reducing the risk factors.

Orientador: Jose Inacio de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T19:26:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shiraishi_WilmaHideko_M.pdf: 1998354 bytes, checksum: 503ec8f6636f894c6c459636f7045b26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Neste estudo analisa-se o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com diagnóstico clinico de tendinite do supra-espinhal relacionada ao trabalho, atendidos no Ambulatório de Medicina do Trabalho do Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP, no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2004 e verifica-se, dentre as lesões do manguito rotador, quais as tendinites mais freqüentes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com dados coletados dos prontuários do Serviço de Arquivo Medico (SAME), utilizando-se o Software Epi-info 6 para o registro de dados. Foram analisados 246 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório com diagnóstico clínico de Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT). Desses, identificaram-se 112 pacientes com lesão do manguito rotador e, dentre estes, 106 eram especificamente tendinites do tendão do músculo supra-espinhal. Foram investigadas as variáveis relacionadas a sexo, idade, procedência, ocupação, lado do ombro comprometido, tipo de lesão, ramo de atividade econômica, situação de trabalho no primeiro atendimento, benefícios previdenciários, nexo com o trabalho e distribuição do diagnóstico clinico geral dos DORT neste período. Os resultados mostraram que, dentre as lesões do manguito rotador, a tendinite do tendão do músculo supra-espinhal obteve a maior freqüência, com 106 casos (94,6%); seguida do músculo subescapular com 4 (3,6%); músculo ínfra-espinhal com 2 (1,7%) e nenhuma referência do redondo menor. O grupo concentra-se na faixa etária de 22 a 71 anos de idade, com média de idade de 40 anos (dp= 8,75) sendo que, destes, 74 (69,8%) eram do sexo feminino. O lado do ombro mais comprometido foi o direito em 52 casos (49,1%), o esquerdo em 28 (26,4%) e bilateral em 26 (24,5%). Dentre as principais ocupações, os operadores de máquina e os auxiliares de produção tiveram a maior prevalência (25,4%). Em seguida, auxiliar de cozinha (11,3%) e auxiliar de serviços gerais (6,6%). Do total, 44 (41,5%) pacientes pertenciam à indústria alimentícia e 25 (23,6%) à indústria metalúrgica. Dos pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de tendinite de supra-espinhal o nexo causal com o trabalho foi estabelecido em 100 pacientes (94,3%) / Abstract: Epidemiological profile of pacients with supraspinatus tendinitis related to work in an outpatient Clinic of A Medical School Hospital. This study analyzes the epidemiological profile of patients that consulted at the Occupational Health Outpatient Clinic of the UNICAMP General Hospital, in the period between January 2002 and December 2004, and had clinical diagnosis of work-related Supraspinatus Tendinitis. It also verifies the most frequent tendinitis among rotator cuff injuries. It is a descriptive study using data collected from patients' records in the Medical Record File Service (SAME) and Epi-info6 software was used for recording the data. A total of 246 records of outpatients seen at the Hospital Clinic with clinical diagnoses of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WRMD) were analyzed. In this group, 112 patients with Rotator Cuff Tendinitis were selected and among these there were 106, specifically, with Supraspinatus Tendinitis. Variables such as gender, age, origin, occupation, side of injured shoulder, type of injury, area of economic activity, work status at first appointment, workers compensation benefits, relation of injury to work, and the distribution of clinical diagnoses of WRMD during the period mentioned, were examined. The results showed that among rotator cuff injuries, supraspinatus tendinitis was the most frequent with 106 cases (94.6%); next came subscapular]s injuries with 4 cases (3.6%), infraspinatus with 2 (1.7%), and there was no reference to teres minor. The age of this group varies from 22 to 71 years old, mean age being 40 (sd=8,75). Among them, 74 (69.8%) patients were female. The side most frequently injured was the right shoulder in 52 cases (49.1%), the left in 28 (26.4%) and both in 26 (24.5%). Among the main occupations, machine operators and production helpers were the most prevalent, both with 25.4%. Next came cooks (11.3%) and all-task helpers (6.6%). A total of 44 (41.5%) patients pertained to the food industry and 25 (23.6%) to metallurgical industry. In the group of patients with clinical diagnosis of supraspinatus tendinitis the relation of injury to work was established in 100 patients (94.3%) / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Esse estudo teve como objetivo apreender a qualidade de vida (QV) de trabalhadores de enfermagem acometidos por Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) e construir possíveis estratégias para a melhoria da mesma. Investigamos a QV em trabalhadores de Enfermagem com DORT em membros superiores de um Hospital Universitário. O estudo, de caráter exploratório-descritivo e abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvido tendo como população os trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital público universitário, constituindo 11 mulheres e dois homens, portadores de DORT em membros superiores, representantes de todas as categorias de enfermagem e de diversas unidades assistenciais. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista individual e grupo focal. Após aprovação do projeto em Comitê de Ética, a coleta de dados foi iniciada através das entrevistas com os sujeitos eleitos. Foram realizadas, também, cinco sessões de grupo focal, no período de novembro a dezembro de 2011. Os resultados de caracterização mostram que a média de tempo de trabalho nesta instituição é de 19 anos, denotando extensa exposição a cargas fisiológicas; sete trabalhadores realizam, concomitantemente ao trabalho remunerado, afazeres domésticos integralmente e cinco deles parcialmente; as atividades de lazer são apenas ocasionais; a maioria dos sintomas refere-se a quadros dolorosos em ombros, o que acaba prejudicando também a realização de atividades básicas e cotidianas. Após o tratamento dos dados de caracterização, as falas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo e permitiram apreender quatro categorias: existindo com dor, QV é não ter limitações, meu trabalho influenciando na minha QV e cuidando e sendo cuidado. Na primeira categoria, os relatos revelam a influência da dor na constituição do sujeito, em suas expectativas e sua relação com o quadro emocional. Com relação à qualidade de vida, evidenciamos que esta encontra-se prejudicada pela co-existência de dois aspectos, mencionados na segunda e terceira categorias: dor e consequentes limitações e inadequações na organização e processo de trabalho, sendo mencionados alguns fatores desfavoráveis do cotidiano laboral: excesso de tempo no local de trabalho, inadequação de equipamentos e organização e processos de trabalho inapropriados. Dessa forma, as falas dialogam com as definições de Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde e Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, sendo essas indissociáveis do conceito de QV para esses trabalhadores, já que as percepções do valor atribuído à vida estão sob influência da dor e que inadequações no processo de trabalho alteram significativamente a QV. Na última categoria, verificou-se satisfação com o processo grupal, com crescente conscientização e mudanças no cuidado a si. Em especial, foram despertadas ações cruciais para controle de quadros crônicos de DORT: a atenção a si e às combinações de fatores pessoais, físicos, sociais e emocionais. Também foram observados o meio, com seus riscos e benefícios e simples estratégias de saúde, apreendidas e construídas coletivamente. Construiu-se, junto aos trabalhadores, um programa educativo onde foram oferecidas novas perspectivas para amenização de sintomas, bem como modificações comportamentais relacionadas a componentes posturais e ambientais, indo ao encontro de um dos princípios de Promoção da Saúde e abordando um dos pilares da QV para esse grupo. Conclui-se que a QV desses trabalhadores está intimamente relacionada à dor e ao trabalho. Compreendeu-se que há a necessidade de combinação de estratégias mutissetoriais, com responsabilização dos próprios indivíduos e existência de ações coletivas do sistema de saúde e da comunidade / This study aimed to capture the quality of life (QoL) of nursing workers affected by Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) and build strategies for its improvement. We investigated the QoL of nursing workers with upper limb disorders in a University Hospital. The study is exploratory and descriptive with qualitative approach and was developed with the nursing staff of a public hospital, constituted of 11 women and two men suffering from disorders in the upper limbs, representatives of all categories of nursing and several units. Data collection was conducted through individual interviews and focus groups. After project approval by the Ethics Committee, data collection began with interviews with the chosen subjects. Five focus group sessions were also carried out, from November to December in 2011. The sociodemographic results show that the average working time in this institution is 19 years, indicating extensive exposure to physiological loads; seven workers perform, concurrently with paid work, full housework and five of them partial; leisure activities are only occasional and the majority of symptoms refers to painful shoulders, which ultimately jeopardize the performance of basic activities of daily living. After treatment of the sociodemographic data, the reports were subjected to content analysis which raised four categories: existing with pain, QoL is having no limitations , my job influencing on my QoL and caring and being cared for. In the first category, the reports reveal the influence of pain in the constitution of the subject, their expectations and its relationship with the emotional picture. Regarding the quality of life, we found that it is hampered by the co-existence of two aspects mentioned in the second and third categories: pain and its resulting limitations and inadequacies in the work organization and process, and some unfavorable factors of daily work mentioned were: too much time at work, inappropriate equipment and improper work organization and processes. Thus, the speeches match with the definitions of Quality of Working Life and Health-Related Quality of Life, these being inseparable from the concept of QoL for these workers, since the perceptions of the value attributed to life are under the influence of pain and that inadequacies in the work process significantly alter QoL. In the latter category, there was satisfaction with the group process, with enhanced awareness and changes in their care. In particular, workers were sensitized to crucial ways to control chronic conditions of WMSDs: attention to themselves and to combinations of personal, physical, social and emotional aspects. Increased attention with the environment also happened, with recognition of its risks and benefits and the use of simple health strategies, learned and built collectively. It was built, along with the workers, an educational program where they were offered new prospects for alleviation of symptoms, as well as behavioral changes related to postural and environmental components, meeting one of the principles of Health Promotion and addressing one of the concepts of QoL for this group. In conclusion, QoL of these workers is closely related to pain and work. It was understood that there is a need for multiple combination of strategies, with accountability of the individuals themselves and the existence of collective actions of the health system and community

University teachers' conditions at work have changed and work-related stress increases among academics atuniversities. The aim of this study was to investigate whether university teachers' experience of work-related stress and recovery differed depending on their extent of telework. The study wasan empirical quantitative cross-sectional study where 95 university teachers’ from two universities in Sweden answered a web survey. About half of the university teachers’ telework several times a week and the results show that university teachers' experience of recovery in relation to telework differs, but not their work-related stress. Gender was found to have a small impact on the recovery to telework, but not onwork-related stress. The conclusion is that university teachers’ who telework frequently experience worse recovery than those who rarely telework. The difference in recovery may be because telework makes it more difficult for the university teacher to finish the work compared to they who not telework. / Universitetslärares arbetsförhållanden har förändrats och den arbetsrelaterade stressen ses öka bland akademiker inom universitetet. Arbetsgruppen distansarbetar i olika omfattning vilket kan påverka deras upplevelse av arbetsrelaterad stress och återhämtning.Tidigare forskning gällande distansarbete och upplevelse av arbetsrelaterad stress och återhämtning visar framförallt att distansarbete medför minskad stress. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om universitetslärares upplevelse av arbetsrelaterad stress och återhämtning skiljde sig beroende på i vilken omfattning de distansarbetar. Studien var enempirisk tvärsnittsstudie, med en kvantitativ ansats. Nittiofem stycken universitetslärare från två högskolor besvarade en webenkät varav 46 % distansarbetade flera gånger i veckan. Resultatet visar att universitetslärares upplevelse av återhämtning skilde sig beroende på distansarbetets omfattning, men inte arbetsrelaterad stress. Kön visade sig ha liten påverkan på återhämtningen relaterad till arbetet i relation till distansarbete, men inte på arbetsrelaterad stress. Slutsatsen är att universitetslärare som distansarbetar sällan upplever bättre återhämtning jämfört med de som distansarbetar i större omfattning. Skillnaden i återhämtning kan bero på att distansarbete gör det svårare för universitetsläraren att slutföra och begränsa sitt arbete jämfört med de som inte distansarbetar.