The objective of this work is to reveal the human attitude to overcoming difficulties and map the problems brought about by their inclusion to the senior home.The qualitative research was used in the work.The basic technique applied was a standardised interview with respondents during which closed and semiclosed questions were asked, and the technique of semi-standardised interview with the social workers. The research results have shown that seniors associate their entrance to a social institute with the expectation to receive assistance in managing difficult siotuations in their lives.As their capabilities decrease,they seek safety,company,the provision of care and security in its availability.

Worker Centers (WC) sind Interessenorganisationen, die in den USA vor allem Migrantinnen und Migranten sowie Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer im Niedriglohnsegment vertreten und die seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre stark an Zulauf gewonnen haben. Die Studie untersucht diese Formen der kollektiven Interessenvertretung mit Hilfe einer Literaturauswertung und einer Fallstudie eines WC in Deutschland. Im Zentrum stehen Fragen nach den Gründen der Entstehung von Worker Centers, den Leistungen und Arbeitsweisen; der \"effektiven\" Vertretung der Interessen ihrer Mitglieder bzw. ‚Klienten‘; und Folgen für das deutsche System der Arbeitsbeziehungen insgesamt - im Falle einer Zunahme der Verbreitung von Worker Centers. Die Auswirkungen auf das deutsche System werden als gering eingeschätzt, da sich die sozial-ökonomischen Voraussetzungen der USA, die die Dynamik der WC-Entstehung befördern, unterscheiden. So verfügen die USA über einen größeren Niedriglohnsektor; bestimmte Städte weisen weitaus höhere Konzentrationen von Migrantinnen und Migranten auf; gleichzeitig bestehen schwächere institutionelle Rechte und sozialstaatliche Unterstützungsleistungen. Allerdings zeichnen sich auch hierzulande Trends ab (Abnahme der Tarifbindung und Betriebsratsabdeckung, Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit, neue Personalkonzepte), die langfristig gesehen zu Veränderungen führen können.

Les organisations, tentées par la perspective de transformer un poste de dépense considérable en véritable ressource organisationnelle, envisagent généralement leur espace comme un potentiel outil de management, mais de l'espace conçu à l'espace vécu, on observe souvent un décalage remarquable. Cette thèse pose la question de ce que peut révéler un espace organisationnel du management pratiqué en son sein : au-delà des déclarations d'intention, que peut-on comprendre de l'espace? De la façon dont il est administré? Notre terrain d'observation est le siège social d'une grande banque internationale, de son projet architectural initial (rédigé en 1989) jusqu'à nos jours, soit six ans de construction (livraison des tours en 1995), et dix-neuf années de pratique spatiale. Ce cas emblématique a retenu notre attention car le projet consistait à faciliter la mise en place d'un "New Model Worker" par un aménagement spatial particulier, propice à la communication informelle. L'analyse de nos données nous a finalement permis de mettre au point une grille de lecture - regroupant la territorialisation, la valorisation et la localisation - pour mieux appréhender l'espace des organisations. / Willing to turn a tremendous item of expenditure into a real organizational resource, organizations usually perceive their spaces as potential management tools, but from conceived spaces to lived ones, a noticeable gap is often to be found. This thesis aims at understanding what an organizational space can reveal about the ongoing management practices: what can we understand from the way space is organized, beyond official discourses? Our research is focused on a case: an international bank's headquarter, from its original architectural project document (written in 1989) to 2014, that is to say: six years of construction (as the towers were delivered in 1995) and nineteen years of spatial practice. This is particularly interesting for those towers were supposed to help implement a "New Model Worker" through a particular spatial setting, favorable to informal communication. From our collected data, we've been able to build up a fresh perspective - an analysis grid gathering space, place, and artefacts - to better understand organizational spaces.

The diploma thesis is focused on the main activities of the social workers at the hospitals in Prague, the regional hospitals, and one former district hospital. Within the theoretical section of the abstract there are clearly defined fundamental concepts of social work in health care and its historical transformation. The chapters consist of four sections: ethics code, the quality of social work at the hospital, valid legislation, as well as interdisciplinary collaboration within the hospital. The theoretical part focuses on job description, competencies, skills or personality characteristics of the social worker in the hospital. The last section describes social work in the hospitals by different target groups with whom the social workers can come into contact. The empirical part of this diploma thesis is acquired by the semistructured interviews. The main research question tries to find out the role of the social worker at the hospital. The research targets three surveyed areas: The first examines the qualification skills of the social worker at the hospital. The second refers to the job description of the social worker at the hospital's core business activities. The last part of the research is dedicated to interdisciplinary collaboration among hospital staff. The discussion consists of compared...

In the understanding of the author tax law and social security laws are studied in general separately. The author agrees with many doctrine authors that find it ‘surprising’ as this is a complete and linked issue, that all remote worker even cross-border/frontier workers face. However, it is worth mentioning here, for future reference and for the understanding in the continuity of this paper, is that remote worker and cross-border - frontier worker have usually different rules surrounding them. Additionally it may seem unusual for the reader to link digitalization of the economy and all its development with remote work; tax law and social security but in the eyes of the author it is all in some way linked. Firstly, developments in the digital world and its impact in economy transcendance in mobility of individuals. Which gives principally, the opportunities for employees to work from a remote place. Secondly, again in the eyes of the author, especially after the courses taken during this master year and in concordance with all the research done for this study; tax law and social security law are linked with each other. In conjunction the author finds it useful to study the issue born from the difficulty of tax allocation in regards to remote worker and the lack of compatibility between the social security legal system and the tax legal system. It is the purpose of this thesis to analyse and study these topics separately and then discuss throughout the paper the issues that may affect individuals especially remote workers but also states especially in our post pandemic states.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka fältarbetares egna upplevelser av relationsskapande mellan dem och ungdomar på internet och sociala medier. Åtta semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med fältarbetare från socialtjänsten som arbetar med ungdomar på internet och sociala medier. Empiriinsamlingen har bearbetats utifrån hermeneutisk tradition och har därefter analyserats genom teorin symbolisk interaktionism. Resultatet visar att fältarbetare använder sig av informationsspridning, aktiviteter och ett förenklat språk på digitala plattformar som olika tillvägagångssätt för att skapa relationer med ungdomar online. De upplever att förtjänsten med digitalt fältarbete är att relationsskapandet inte enbart är begränsat till fysiska miljöer. Internet möjliggör för anonyma möten och ungdomar kan då berätta om upplevelser som de annars inte vågar tala om. Fältarbetare kan i kommunikationen använda sig av symboler såsom emojis för att ersätta avsaknaden av kroppsspråk, gester, mimik och tonfall. Utmaningar som de upplever i relationsskapandet handlar om negativa aspekter av anonyma möten och emoji-användande samt om lagar som är förknippade till det digitala arbetet. Anonyma möten bidrar även till att fältarbetare inte kan fysiskt ingripa vid oro kring en ungdom då den har möjlighet att maskera sin identitet. De professionella upplever att emojis kan hämma etableringen av relationer med ungdomar om de unga uppfattar verktyget som opassande. Lagar kring fältarbetet online är en betydande utmaning för fältarbetarna eftersom de upplever att de inte kan interagera med ungdomar på de vis som de önskar. Slutligen tyder resultatet på att ansikte-mot-ansikte interaktion har en stor betydelse när fältarbetarna försöker skapa relationer till ungdomar digitalt. Det pekar på att digitala etableringar av relationer mer används som ett komplement till de relationer som skapas i fysiska miljöer. / The purpose of this study was to investigate field workers' own experiences of relationship building between them and young people on the internet and social media. Eight semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with social field workers from the social services who work with young people on the internet and social media. The collection of empirics has been processed on the basis of hermeneutic tradition and has subsequently been analyzed through the theory of symbolic interactionism. The results show that social field workers use information dissemination, activities and a simplified language on digital platforms as different approaches to create relationships with young people online. The professional’s experience that the benefit of digital field work is that relationship building is not only limited to physical environments. The Internet enables anonymous meetings and for young people to share experiences that they otherwise do not dare to talk about. Social field workers can in their communication use symbols such as emojis to replace the loss of body language, gestures, facial expressions and tone of voice. Challenges that they experience in relationship building are about negative aspects of anonymous meetings and emoji usage, as well as about the legal context of this platform. Anonymous meetings also contribute to social field workers not being able to physically intervene in the event of concerns about young people as they have the opportunity to mask their identity. The professionals feel that emojis can inhibit the establishment of relationships with young people if the young people perceive the tool as inappropriate. Laws regarding social fieldwork online are a significant challenge for the professionals because they experience that they cannot interact with them in ways they want. Finally, the results suggest that face-to-face interaction is of great importance when field workers try to create relationships with young people on digital platforms. This indicates that digital establishments of relationships are more used as a complement to the relationships that are created in physical environments.

(in English): The diploma thesis deals with the differences in the provision of social activation services from the personnel point of view in homes for the elderly. Its aim is to focus on the difference in the personnel implementation of the social activation service of the staff of the retirement home, due to their qualifications and the nature of work in this facility. In my work, I am looking for an answer to the question: "Who should perform social activation services in a retirement home?". In the theoretical part I present the concepts of aging, the theory of aging, old age and related changes in old age, adaptation and preparation. Description of the retirement home, social work in it and then the nature of the work and qualifications of the social worker, the worker in social services and the activating worker in the home for the elderly. The last chapter is activation, in which I deal with the activation program and communication within the activation. I process the practical part with the help of qualitative research in the form of a semi- structured interview. I am looking for an answer to who should perform a social activation service in the retirement home. My respondents are activation workers or social workers and social care assistant, who carry out activation in the facility....

The working environment in social services has long been talked about. Recently, the working environment of child case workers has been in particular focus on the basis that it is difficult to retain and recruit new staff for this profession. Previous research shows that the work environment affects the child case worker's well-being and job satisfaction. Previous research also shows that the work environment can affect confidence in one's own ability to handle different parts of the professional role. This study aims to investigate whether there is any relationship between psychosocial work environment, work-related self-efficacy and social self-efficacy. The study has been conducted through a quantitative research method using a web-based survey. The survey was emailed to 144 municipalities, out of which 28 municipalities and 116 child case workers chose to participate in the study. In the survey, several scales have been used to measure work-related self-efficacy, social self-efficacy and the psychosocial work environment. The study has 116 participants, of which women made up a majority of the sample (n=108). The result shows that the degree of social self-efficacy has a connection with the psychosocial work environment. Degree of work-related self-efficacy has a positive relationship with work experience. One of the conclusions drawn from the study is that years in the profession have a correlation with the degree of work-related self-efficacy. This means that the more years child case workers have in their professional role, the higher the degree of work-related self-efficacy they estimate. Keywords: Self-efficacy, social worker, work environment, child welfare and social worker within child welfare. / Arbetsmiljön inom socialtjänsten har länge varit omtalad. På senare tid har barnhandläggares arbetsmiljö varit i särskilt fokus utifrån att det är svårt att bibehålla och rekrytera ny personal till yrkesrollen. Tidigare forskning visar att arbetsmiljön påverkar barnhandläggarens mående samt trivsel på arbetsplatsen. Tidigare forskning visar även att arbetsmiljön kan påverka tilltron till den egna förmågan att hantera olika delar av yrkesrollen. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka om det finns något samband mellan arbetsmiljö, arbetsrelaterad och social self-efficacy. Studien har genomförts med en kvantitativ forskningsmetod med hjälp av en webbaserad enkät. Enkäten mailades ut till 144 kommuner varav 28 kommuner och 116 barnhandläggare valde att delta i studien. I enkäten har flertal skalor använts för att mäta arbetsrelaterad self-efficacy, social self-efficacy och den psykosociala arbetsmiljön. Studien har 116 deltagare, varav kvinnor utgjorde en majoritet av urvalet (n=108). Resultatet visar att grad av social self-efficacy har ett samband med den psykosociala arbetsmiljön. Grad av arbetsrelaterad self-efficacy har ett positivt samband med arbetslivserfarenhet. En av slutsatserna som dras av studien är att år inom yrket har en korrelation med grad av arbetsrelaterad self-efficacy. Detta innebär att desto fler år barnhandläggare har i yrkesrollen desto högre grad av arbetsrelaterad self-efficacy skattar de. Nyckelord: Self-efficacy, barnavårdsutredningar, socialtjänsten, arbetsmiljö samt socialsekreterare.

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The aim of this study is to highlight and gain an increased understanding of the stigma that can occur while growing up without a correct diagnosis. Furthermore, the study aims to increase understanding of the importance and need for knowledge about autism among social workers who work in school and care environment. Even though society´s view of people with disability has changed for the better in recent times, previous research shows that there is a stigma around people diagnoses with autism. Research also shows that it is not the diagnosis itself that is stigmatizing but the characteristics that are related to it, which can mean that undiagnosed could experience the same stigma. Research further shows that there is a need to educate social workers about the experiences and difficulties that people with autism goes through in life. The empirical data that was used in this study is based on autobiographies written by people diagnosed with autism later in life. In addition to the autobiographies, an interview was conducted with an experienced social worker to deepen the analysis. Qualitative methods are used in the form of manifest qualitative content analysis and a semi structured interview that was transcribed and analyzed together with the autobiographies. To understand the empirical data two theories were used in the analysis process, symbolic interactionism and Goffman’s stigma. The result of this study shows that both authors' upbringing was marked by a difference that was due to deviations in social interaction, exclusion in several social contexts and a development of mental illness. It is also something that is confirmed by the social worker's experiences. Another conclusion from the social worker's experiences is that knowledge is needed to be able to identify individuals with autism and prevent the feeling of stigma and exclusion.