In this thesis, we study advanced reasoning about dynamical systems in a logical framework -- the situation calculus. In particular, we consider promoting the efficiency of reasoning about action in the situation calculus from three different aspects. First, we propose a modified situation calculus based on the two-variable predicate logic with counting quantifiers. We show that solving the projection and executability problems via regression in such language are decidable. We prove that generally these two problems are co-NExpTime-complete in the modified language. We also consider restricting the format of regressable formulas and basic action theories (BATs) further to gain better computational complexity for reasoning about action via regression. We mention possible applications to formalization of Semantic Web services. Then, we propose a hierarchical representation of actions based on the situation calculus to facilitate development, maintenance and elaboration of very large taxonomies of actions. We show that our axioms can be more succinct, while still using an extended regression operator to solve the projection problem. Moreover, such representation has significant computational advantages. For taxonomies of actions that can be represented as finitely branching trees, the regression operator can sometimes work exponentially faster with our theories than it works with the BATs current situation calculus. We also propose a general guideline on how a taxonomy of actions can be constructed from the given set of effect axioms. Finally, we extend the current situation calculus with the order-sorted logic. In the new formalism, we add sort theories to the usual initial theories to describe taxonomies of objects. We then investigate what is the well-sortness for BATs under such framework. We consider extending the current regression operator with well-sortness checking and unification techniques. With the modified regression, we gain computational efficiency by terminating the regression earlier when reasoning tasks are ill-sorted and by reducing the search spaces for well-sorted objects. We also study that the connection between the order-sorted situation calculus and the current situation calculus.

With the advent of the Semantic Web and Semantic Technologies, ontologies have become one of the most prominent paradigms for knowledge representation and reasoning. The popular ontology language OWL, based on description logics, became a W3C recommendation in 2004 and a standard for modelling ontologies on the Web. In the meantime, many studies and applications using OWL have been reported in research and industrial environments, many of which go beyond Internet usage and employ the power of ontological modelling in other fields such as biology, medicine, software engineering, knowledge management, and cognitive systems. However, recent progress in the field faces a lack of well-structured ontologies with large amounts of instance data due to the fact that engineering such ontologies requires a considerable investment of resources. Nowadays, knowledge bases often provide large volumes of data without sophisticated schemata. Hence, methods for automated schema acquisition and maintenance are sought. Schema acquisition is closely related to solving typical classification problems in machine learning, e.g. the detection of chemical compounds causing cancer. In this work, we investigate both, the underlying machine learning techniques and their application to knowledge acquisition in the Semantic Web. In order to leverage machine-learning approaches for solving these tasks, it is required to develop methods and tools for learning concepts in description logics or, equivalently, class expressions in OWL. In this thesis, it is shown that methods from Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) are applicable to learning in description logic knowledge bases. The results provide foundations for the semi-automatic creation and maintenance of OWL ontologies, in particular in cases when extensional information (i.e. facts, instance data) is abundantly available, while corresponding intensional information (schema) is missing or not expressive enough to allow powerful reasoning over the ontology in a useful way. Such situations often occur when extracting knowledge from different sources, e.g. databases, or in collaborative knowledge engineering scenarios, e.g. using semantic wikis. It can be argued that being able to learn OWL class expressions is a step towards enriching OWL knowledge bases in order to enable powerful reasoning, consistency checking, and improved querying possibilities. In particular, plugins for OWL ontology editors based on learning methods are developed and evaluated in this work. The developed algorithms are not restricted to ontology engineering and can handle other learning problems. Indeed, they lend themselves to generic use in machine learning in the same way as ILP systems do. The main difference, however, is the employed knowledge representation paradigm: ILP traditionally uses logic programs for knowledge representation, whereas this work rests on description logics and OWL. This difference is crucial when considering Semantic Web applications as target use cases, as such applications hinge centrally on the chosen knowledge representation format for knowledge interchange and integration. The work in this thesis can be understood as a broadening of the scope of research and applications of ILP methods. This goal is particularly important since the number of OWL-based systems is already increasing rapidly and can be expected to grow further in the future. The thesis starts by establishing the necessary theoretical basis and continues with the specification of algorithms. It also contains their evaluation and, finally, presents a number of application scenarios. The research contributions of this work are threefold: The first contribution is a complete analysis of desirable properties of refinement operators in description logics. Refinement operators are used to traverse the target search space and are, therefore, a crucial element in many learning algorithms. Their properties (completeness, weak completeness, properness, redundancy, infinity, minimality) indicate whether a refinement operator is suitable for being employed in a learning algorithm. The key research question is which of those properties can be combined. It is shown that there is no ideal, i.e. complete, proper, and finite, refinement operator for expressive description logics, which indicates that learning in description logics is a challenging machine learning task. A number of other new results for different property combinations are also proven. The need for these investigations has already been expressed in several articles prior to this PhD work. The theoretical limitations, which were shown as a result of these investigations, provide clear criteria for the design of refinement operators. In the analysis, as few assumptions as possible were made regarding the used description language. The second contribution is the development of two refinement operators. The first operator supports a wide range of concept constructors and it is shown that it is complete and can be extended to a proper operator. It is the most expressive operator designed for a description language so far. The second operator uses the light-weight language EL and is weakly complete, proper, and finite. It is straightforward to extend it to an ideal operator, if required. It is the first published ideal refinement operator in description logics. While the two operators differ a lot in their technical details, they both use background knowledge efficiently. The third contribution is the actual learning algorithms using the introduced operators. New redundancy elimination and infinity-handling techniques are introduced in these algorithms. According to the evaluation, the algorithms produce very readable solutions, while their accuracy is competitive with the state-of-the-art in machine learning. Several optimisations for achieving scalability of the introduced algorithms are described, including a knowledge base fragment selection approach, a dedicated reasoning procedure, and a stochastic coverage computation approach. The research contributions are evaluated on benchmark problems and in use cases. Standard statistical measurements such as cross validation and significance tests show that the approaches are very competitive. Furthermore, the ontology engineering case study provides evidence that the described algorithms can solve the target problems in practice. A major outcome of the doctoral work is the DL-Learner framework. It provides the source code for all algorithms and examples as open-source and has been incorporated in other projects.

Cette thèse contribue à la compréhension d’un phénomène émergent et complexe : la transformation/smartisation du système de service public urbain. Cela comprend la combinaison de différents secteurs de services tels que les transports, le tourisme,les taxes, etc. Du point de vue conceptuel, nous établissons trois piliers pour la Science du Service : Système de service (SS), Innovation de Service (IS) et Logiques Institutionnelles de Service (LIS). Nous commençons par proposer une méthode basée sur l’analyse sémantique latente (LSA), l’analyse factorielle (FA), le text mining et la théorie enracinée. Il s’agit de mettre en évidence de manière inductive et interdisciplinaire, 30 années d’évolution de la structure intellectuelle de SS, IS et LIS, de 1986 à 2015. Ceci nous a permis d’étudier les théories associées à ces thèmes, dans plusieurs domaines dans le temps. Grâce à cette étape, nous avons pu justifier le choix de deux théories permettant d’étudier la dynamique de la transformation institutionnelle et structurelle d’un système de service : 1) la théorie du travail institutionnel entre logiques collectives, antagonistes, et complémentaires, et 2) la pensée complexe. La théorie du travail institutionnel nous a permis de mettre en évidence le processus de transformation des arrangements institutionnels. La pensée complexe, comme cadre intégrateur, nous a permis de mettre en évidence le contenu, ou les effets, de la transformation institutionnelle, en considérant le tout et les parties d’un système de service public urbain qui devient smart. L’architecture de la recherche est basée principalement sur la théorie enracinée, l’observation, les archives, l’étude de cas longitudinale multiniveaux (i.e. locale et nationale) via le modèle dialogique(Parmentier-Cajaiba & Avenier, 2013) et le paradigme épistémologique constructiviste pragmatique (PECP). Aussi, nous utilisons deux hypothèses ontologiques du travail : l’ontologie relationnelle et l’ontologie du devenir. Du point de vue théorique, notre recherche contribue au affinement théorique de la littérature sur SS, IS et LIS en proposant une définition du construit "système de service public urbain smart". Cette définition est accompagné de trois modèles heuristiques résultants d’une analyse par le processus et par le contenu de la transformation et de la théorie enracinée (Gioia & Chittipeddi, 1991 ; Gioia et al., 2013). Le premier modèle heuristique contribue à la compréhension du processus de travail institutionnel pour la co-création d’arrangements institutionnels (i.e. standard, normes, les ressources frontières, APIs) entre deux logiques collectives antagonistes et complémentaires (Morin, 2005 ; Smets & Jarzabkowski, 2013 ; Greenwood et al., 2017) : la logique de service dominant du marché (Lusch & Nambisan, 2015 ; Vargo & Lusch, 2016) et la logique du service public (Osborne et al.,2015 ; Osborne, 2017). Le deuxième modèle heuristique met en évidence les composantes structurales d’un système de service public qui devient smart. Le troisième modèle heuristique souligne les moteurs et les freins de la transformation institutionnelle et structurelle. / This thesis contributes to the understanding of an emergent and complex phenomenon: transformation/smartization of the urban public service system. This involves innovative, context-sensitive and interoperable public service systems, as well as the cross combination of different services sectors such as transport, tourism, taxes, etc. We define three pillars of service science : Service System (SS), Service Innovation (IS) and Institutional Service Logic (LIS) in order to develop a process and content research to understand the dynamics of urban public service system institutional and structural transformation. We propose a method based on Latent SemanticAnalysis (LSA), Factor Analysis (FA), text mining and grounded theory to inductively reveal 30 years of evolution of interdisciplinarySS, IS and LIS intellectual structure from 1986 to 2015. In particular, we analyze the process of institutional work between antagonisticand complementary collective logics. Then, we mobilize complex thinking as an integrating framework of components of the urban publicservice system that becomes smart, as a whole and its parts. Our research design is based on grounded theory ; observations, longitudinalcase study with a multi-level approach (i.e. local and national) ; the dialogic model(Parmentier-Cajaiba & Avenier, 2013) and the pragmaticconstructivism epistemological paradigm (PECP). We define two working ontological hypotheses : the relational ontology and becomingontology. From the theoretical point of view, our research contributes to the theoretical refinement of the literature on SS, IS and LIS. Wepropose three heuristic models from a process and content analysis (Baines et al. 2017) and grounded theory (Gioia & Chittipeddi, 1991 ;Gioia et al., 2013). The first heuristic model contributes to the understanding of the institutional work process for the creation of institutionalarrangements (Standard, boundary resources, APIs) between two antagonistic and complementary collective logics (Morin, 2005 ; Smets & Jarzabkowski, 2013 ; Greenwood et al., 2017) : the service-dominant logic of the market (Lusch & Nambisan, 2015 ; Vargo & Lusch, 2016)and the public service logic (Osborne et al., 2015 ; Osborne, 2017). The second heuristic model highlights components of a smart publicservice system. The third heuristic model highlights the drivers and barriers of institutional and structural transformation.

Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-14T19:46:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_cmfreire.pdf: 426798 bytes, checksum: 4ad13c09839833ee22b0396a445e8a26 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-14T19:48:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_cmfreire.pdf: 426798 bytes, checksum: 4ad13c09839833ee22b0396a445e8a26 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-14T19:48:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_cmfreire.pdf: 426798 bytes, checksum: 4ad13c09839833ee22b0396a445e8a26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / In Descriptive Complexity, we investigate the use of logics to characterize computational classes os problems through complexity. Since 1974, when Fagin proved that the class NP is captured by existential second-order logic, considered the rst result in this area, other relations between logics and complexity classes have been established. Wellknown results usually involve rst-order logic and its extensions, and complexity classes in polynomial time or space. Some examples are that the rst-order logic extended by the least xed-point operator captures the class P and the second-order logic extended by the transitive closure operator captures the class PSPACE. In this dissertation, we will initially analyze the expressive power of some modal logics with respect to the decision problem REACH and see that is possible to express it with temporal logics CTL and CTL . We will also analyze the combined use of higher-order logics extended by the least xed-point operator and obtain as result that each level of this hierarchy captures each level of the deterministic exponential time hierarchy. As a corollary, we will prove that the hierarchy of HOi(LFP), for i 2, does not collapse, that is, HOi(LFP) HOi+1(LFP) / Em Complexidade Descritiva investigamos o uso de logicas para caracterizar classes problemas pelo vies da complexidade. Desde 1974, quando Fagin provou que NP e capturado pela logica existencial de segunda-ordem, considerado o primeiro resultado da area, outras relac~oes entre logicas e classes de complexidade foram estabelecidas. Os resultados mais conhecidos normalmemte envolvem logica de primeira-ordem e suas extens~oes, e classes de complexidade polinomiais em tempo ou espaco. Alguns exemplos são que a l ogica de primeira-ordem estendida com o operador de menor ponto xo captura a clsse P e que a l ogica de segunda-ordem estendida com o operador de fecho transitivo captura a classe PSPACE. Nesta dissertação, analisaremos inicialmente a expressividade de algumas l ogicas modais com rela cão ao problema de decisão REACH e veremos que e poss vel express a-lo com as l ogicas temporais CTL e CTL . Analisaremos tamb em o uso combinado de l ogicas de ordem superior com o operador de menor ponto xo e obteremos como resultado que cada n vel dessa hierarquia captura cada n vel da hierarquia determin stica em tempo exponencial. Como corol ario, provamos que a hierarquia de HOi(LFP) não colapsa, ou seja, HOi(LFP) HOi+1(LFP) / FREIRE, Cibele Matos. Complexidade descritiva das lógicas de ordem superior com menor ponto fixo e análise de expressividade de algumas lógicas modais. 2010. 54 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Computação, Fortaleza-CE, 2010.

[pt] O termo jogo tem sido utilizado como uma metáfora, em várias áreas do conhecimento, para modelar e analisar situações onde agentes(jogadores) interagem em ambientes compartilhados para a realização de seus objetivos sejam eles individuais ou coletivos. Existem diversos modelos propostos para jogos por diferentes áreas do conhecimento, tais como matemática, ciência da computação, ciência política e social, entre outras. Dentre as diversas formas de modelar jogos examinamos a Teoria dos Jogos e as lógicas para jogos. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma lógica modal de primeira-ordem baseada na lógica CTL, chamada de Game Analysis nalysis Logic, para raciocinar sobre jogos. Relacionamos os principais modelos da Teoria dos Jogos (jogo estratégico, extensivo, e de coalizão) e seus principais conceitos de soluções(equilíbrio de Nash, equilíbrio de subjogo perfeito,e core) aos modelos de GAL e às fórmulas de GAL, respectivamente. Além disso, estudamos as alternativas de quantificação De Re e De Dicto no contexto dos jogos extensivos, caracterizando o conceito de equilíbrio de Nash e equilíbrio de subjogo perfeito de acordo com as alternativas de quantificação. Relacionamos as lógicas Alternating-time lternating-Tempomporal Logic (A ATL) TL) e Coalitional Game Logic (CGL) com a lógica GAL, demonstrando que ambas as lógicas são fragmentos da lógica GAL. Outro resultado deste trabalho é caracterizar uma classe de sistemas multi- agentes,que é baseada na arquitetura de agentes Belief-Desir Desire- Intention(BDI), para a qual existem jogos extensivos e vice-v versa. Como conseqüência, os critérios de racionalidade da Teoria dos Jogos podem ser aplicados diretamente para agentes BDI e vice-versa. Assim, a abordagem deste trabalho pode ser utilizada para analisar sistemas multi-agentes. Do ponto de vista prático, apresentamos um verificador de modelos para a lógica GAL. Diversos estudos de casos são realizados utilizando o verificador de modelos. / [en] Games are abstract models of decision-making in which decision-makers(players)interact in a shared environment to accomplish their goals. Several models have been proposed to analyze a wide variety of applications in many disciplines such as mathematics, computer science and even political and social sciences among others. In this work, we focus on Game Theory and Game Logics. We present a first-order modal logic based on CTL, namely Game Analysis Logic (GAL), to model and reason about out games. The standard models of Game Theory (strategic games, extensiv games and coalition games) as well as their solution concepts (Nash equilibrium, subgame perfect equilibrium and co re),respectively, are express as models dels of GAL and formulas of GAL. Moreover, we study the alternatives of De Re and De Dicto quantification in the context of extensive games. We also show that two of the most representative game logics, namely Alternating-time lternating-Temp empor oral Logic (A ATL) TL) and Coalitional Game Logic (CGL), are fragments of GAL. We also characterize haracterize a class of multi-agent systems, which is based on the architecture Belief-Desire- Intention (BDI), for which there is a somehow equivalent class of games and vice-versa. As a consequence, criteria of rationality for agents can be directly applied to players and vice-versa. Game analysis formal tools can be applied to MAS as well. From a practical poin of view, we provide and develop a model-checker for GAL. In addition, we perform case studies using our prototype.

Submitted by Luana Messena (luanamessena@gmail.com) on 2018-04-15T16:42:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado Acadêmico APG_Luana Messena.pdf: 2813971 bytes, checksum: 6a7f1dd4a6ce0b8e4cda59e5b51515b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2018-04-16T14:10:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado Acadêmico APG_Luana Messena.pdf: 2813971 bytes, checksum: 6a7f1dd4a6ce0b8e4cda59e5b51515b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-16T14:27:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado Acadêmico APG_Luana Messena.pdf: 2813971 bytes, checksum: 6a7f1dd4a6ce0b8e4cda59e5b51515b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-16T14:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado Acadêmico APG_Luana Messena.pdf: 2813971 bytes, checksum: 6a7f1dd4a6ce0b8e4cda59e5b51515b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / Um corpo crescente de literatura tem investigado a emergência de empresas sociais, organizações que buscam gerar valor social, ambiental e econômico simultaneamente, mesclando características tradicionalmente vinculadas às organizações da sociedade civil com características do mundo empresarial. Compreendendo empresas sociais como organizações híbridas, essa dissertação tem como objetivo responder duas perguntas de pesquisa que buscam ampliar o conhecimento sobre esse novo tipo organizacional: a. Quais são as práticas de monitoramento e avaliação em empresas sociais? b. Como diferentes lógicas institucionais influenciam essas práticas? A revisão de literatura realizada mostrou a pertinência da perspectiva teórica institucional para explorar tanto o tema de monitoramento e avaliação quanto os desafios e tensões que emergem do hibridismo organizacional. A pesquisa estabelece diálogos com a literatura que estuda monitoramento e avaliação em empresas sociais e com a literatura que aplica a teoria de lógicas institucionais ao estudo dessas organizações. Lógicas institucionais podem ser definidas como padrões históricos de símbolos culturais e práticas materiais socialmente construídos que incluem premissas, valores e crenças pelos quais indivíduos e organizações dão sentido para suas atividades diárias, organizam o tempo e o espaço e reproduzem suas vidas e experiências (Thornton, Ocasio e Lounsbury, 2012). Partindo de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a análise de dois estudos de caso instrumentais. Por meio da realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, análise documental e observações, os casos de duas empresas sociais brasileiras foram analisados. As práticas de monitoramento e avaliação foram destrinchadas à luz dos seus propósitos, características metodológicas, atores envolvidos e usos, traçando um histórico detalhado de experiências vividas. Os desafios e tensões relacionados às práticas também foram explorados e se mostraram especialmente ricos para compreensão do ambiente de pluralismo institucional que essas organizações estão imersas. Optou-se por partir dos achados e afirmações da literatura sobre a existência de uma lógica de bem-estar social e uma lógica comercial influenciando empresas sociais (Battilana e Dorado, 2010; Smith et al., 2013; Pache e Santos, 2013; Mair, Mayer e Lutz, 2015; Nicholls e Huybrechts, 2016; Maibom e Smith, 2016). Os resultados da pesquisa mostram como os membros das organizações estudadas combinam ambas as lógicas em determinados elementos organizacionais e como as experiências e as práticas de monitoramento e avaliação são marcadas, especialmente, por estratégias de negociação e adaptação frente à diferentes prescrições institucionais. / A growing body of literature has investigated the emergency of social enterprises that seek the social, environmental and economic value simultaneously, merging traditionally characteristics affiliated to associations of civil society with characteristics of the entrepreneurial world. Comprehending social enterprises as hybrid organizations, this dissertation aims to answer two research questions that seek to broaden the knowledge about this new organizational type: a. What are the monitoring and evaluation practices in social enterprises? b. How do different institutional logics influence these practices? The literature review showed the theoretical relevance of the institutional perspective to explore both the monitoring and evaluation theme and the challenges and tensions that emerge from organizational hybridism. The research establishes dialogues with the literature that studies monitoring and evaluation in social enterprises and with the literature that applies the theory of institutional logics to the study of these organizations. Institutional logics can be defined as the socially constructed, historical patterns of cultural symbols and material practices, including assumptions, values, and beliefs, by which individuals and organizations provide meaning to their daily activity, organize time and space, and reproduce their lives and experiences (Thornton, Ocasio and Lounsbury, 2012). Starting from a qualitative approach, it was used the analysis of two instrumental case studies, as the research method. Through semi-structured interviews, documentary analysis and observations, the cases of two Brazilian social enterprises were analyzed. The monitoring and evaluation practices were unraveled considering the purpose, methodological characteristics, involved actors and uses, tracing a detailed history of lived experiences. The challenges and tensions related to practices have also been explored and have proven especially rich in understanding the institutional pluralism environment that these organizations are immersed in. It was decided to start from the findings and affirmations of the literature on the existence of a social welfare logic and a commercial logic influencing social enterprises (Battilana and Dorado, 2010; Smith et al., 2013, Pache and Santos, 2013; Mair et al., 2015, Nicholls and Huybrechts, 2016, Maibom and Smith, 2016). The results of the research show how the members of the organizations studied combine both logics in certain organizational elements and how experiences and practices of monitoring and evaluation are especially marked by strategies of negotiation and adaptation to different institutional prescriptions.

[pt] Adotando um olhar construtivista, esta dissertação tem como tema de pesquisa analisar a imagem internacional do Brasil como potência média - idéia que perpassa a construção da identidade do país - projetada pelo governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002). A perspectiva do sistema internacional como um ambiente social mostra a importância de fatores sociais e elementos cognitivos para os estudos em análise de política externa. A pesquisa problematiza o conceito de potência média a partir de quatro dimensões analíticas - capacidade material, influência, autopercepção, e reconhecimento - no intuito de revelar os aspectos teóricos presentes no entendimento brasileiro de potência média. Ao longo dos anos, a diplomacia brasileira desenvolveu um conceito próprio de potência média. Tradicionalmente visto pela óptica materialista, o conceito recebeu uma conotação menos tangível e mais cognitiva. Destarte, esta dissertação demonstra, dentro de uma lógica de interação social, como a imagem internacional do país como potência média é construída no governo Cardoso pelos discursos de continuidade e mudança apresentados nos fóruns internacionais multilaterais, em especial, na ONU e na OMC. / [en] Departing from a Constructivist view, this Msc. Dissertation has as its subject of research the analysis of Brazilian international image as a middle power - idea that can be found throughout the process of national identity construction - projected by Cardoso s government (1995 - 2002). The perspective of the international system as asocial milieu demonstrates the importance of social factors and cognitive elements in the study of foreign policy analysis. This Msc. Dissertation inquires into the concepts of middle power under four analytical dimensions - material capabilities, influence, selfperception, and recognition - questioning the concept to reveal the theoretical aspects found in the Brazilian understanding of middle power. Throughout the Brazilian Republican History, the Diplomats have developed their own concept of middle power. They gave a more cognitive and less materialist sense to a concept traditionally associated with a materialist point of view. Therefore, this research demonstrates from a social logic of interaction how the image of Brazil as a middle power was constructed during Cardoso s government by the statements of change and continuity in such multilateral international forums as the UN and WTO.

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2018-08-07T18:37:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tobias Sombra-Mestrado-2018.pdf: 2977663 bytes, checksum: b45309648a3be783327111ae5673abab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T18:37:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tobias Sombra-Mestrado-2018.pdf: 2977663 bytes, checksum: b45309648a3be783327111ae5673abab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-22 / Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa exploratória usando o algoritmo Naive Bayes com capacidade para classificar documentos no Mendeley usando até cinco classes de saída, definidas com base na quantidade de leitores dos documentos. Usando uma série de atributos que foram encontrados durante a coleta de dados, é realizada a classificação para tentar identificar padrões nos atributos, a fim de reconhecer lógicas sociais dos cientistas, que envolve tanto o comportamento quanto sua dinâmica nas redes sociais científicas. Para fins de concretização deste trabalho, foi aplicada uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, a fim de buscar o estado da arte de pesquisas que envolvam o uso de Reconhecimento de Padrões em Redes Sociais Científicas, além da aplicação de um método que envolve o uso de algoritmos desenvolvidos para o tratamento automático de todos os dados coletados no Mendeley. / This work is an exploratory research using the Naive Bayes algorithm with the ability to classify documents in Mendeley using the output classes, based on the amount of reading of the documents. Using a series of data that was found during a data collection, a classification is given to check the patterns in the attributes, an end to recognize the social logics of the scientists, that involve both the behavior and its dynamics in scientific social networks. For the purpose of this work, a literature systematic review was applied, with emphasis on the use of methods that involve the use of social networking concepts, as well as the application of a method for the use of algorithms. Created for automatic processing of all data collected at Mendeley.

A reactive control system is a computer system reacting to certain stimuli emitted by its environment in order to maintain it in a desired state. Distributed reactive control systems are generally composed of several processes, running in parallel on one or more computers, communicating with one another to perform the required control task. By their very nature, distributed reactive control systems are hard to design. Their distributed nature and/or the communication scheme used can introduce subtle unforeseen behaviours. When dealing with critical applications, such as plane control systems, or traffic light control systems, those unintended behaviours can have disastrous consequences. It is therefore essential, for the designer, to ensure that this does not happen. For that purpose, rigorous and systematic techniques can (and should) be applied as early as possible in the development process. In that spirit, this work aims at providing the designer with the necessary tools in order to facilitate the development and validation of such distributed reactive control systems. In particular, we show how using a dedicated language called dSL (Distributed Supervision language) can be used to ease the development process. We also study how validations techniques such as model-checking and testing can be applied in this context. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In the present dissertation, we discuss about mediatisation of Catholic Church. The main objective is to analyze how the affectation of catholic communicational and mediatic logics occurs in the mediatized practices at Canção Nova. Considering that the mediatic phenomenon presents itself as a source of social practices, because it reorganizes the form of actuation on the Church in the mediatised society, we understand that there is an affectation process between the communicational logic of the mediatic camp, here understood as the ambience logic, and the catholic communicational logic, understood as the information transmission logic. The empiric objective of this study is the cancaonova.com portal, belonging to the Canção Nova, a catholic community focused in evangelization trough communication medias. The specific objectives consist in mapping the occurrence and operation of catholic practices in the cancaonova.com portal and identify the presence of affectation of the catholic and mediatic communicational logics in the mediatised practices of Canção Nova at the portal. The study is characterized as a qualitative research with exploratory and interpretative character, using the study of case. The research is organized in two steps. The first one, methodological, is regarded to the exploration and analysis of changes in the catholic practices of formation, liturgy and pray at the portal. The second one is related to the identification and study of affectation of the communicational logics present at the portal. The dissertation is build in three chapters. The first explores the comprehension of the mediatic and religious camps and their imbrications regarded to the mediatic acting of Catholic Church. The second reflects about the mediatisation of the society and about the communicational logics involved in the new possibilities arising from the technological development. The last chapter treats about the empirical research, pointing up the changes encountered in the catholic practices present at the portal. We also aimed to identify the catholic and mediatic communicational logics, as well as their affectations. The analysis indicates the existence of the outspreading logic, resulting from the affectation between the transmission and ambience logics. The mediatisation of the Church changes the religiosity present in the internet if compared to the one historically known, setting a neodevotional mediatic. In the outspreading logic, that new religiosity encountered at cancaonova.com deploys itself and is experimented as information, sell and bond. Finally, we understand that the affectation process of the logics happens in the neodevotional experimented at the internet. On the other hand, the coexistence of the logics happens in the mediatised practices that build the portal and in the practices that are possible through it. / Na presente dissertação, ocupamo-nos da temática da midiatização da Igreja Católica. O objetivo geral é analisar como se dá a afetação das lógicas comunicacionais católicas e midiáticas nas práticas midiatizadas da Canção Nova. Ao considerar que o fenômeno midiático mostra-se como uma matriz de práticas sociais, pelo fato de reorganizar a forma de atuação da Igreja na sociedade midiatizada, entendemos haver um processo de afetação entre a lógica comunicacional do campo midiático, tomada aqui como lógica da ambiência, e a lógica comunicacional católica, entendida como lógica da transmissão da informação. O objeto empírico deste estudo é o portal cancaonova.com pertencente à Canção Nova, uma comunidade católica que tem como proposta a evangelização através dos meios de comunicação. Os objetivos específicos consistem em mapear a ocorrência e o funcionamento das práticas católicas no portal ancaonova.com e identificar a presença de afetação das lógicas comunicacionais católica e midiática nas práticas midiatizadas na Canção Nova no portal. O estudo configura-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório e interpretativo que utiliza o estudo de caso. A pesquisa está organizada em duas etapas. A primeira etapa, metodológica, diz respeito à exploração e a análise das modificações das práticas católicas da formação, liturgia e oração no portal. A segunda etapa corresponde à identificação e ao estudo da afetação das lógicas comunicacionais presentes no portal. A dissertação divide-se em três capítulos. O primeiro se dedica ao entendimento do campo midiático e religioso e de seus imbricamentos no que tange à atuação midiática da Igreja Católica. O segundo reflete sobre a midiatização da sociedade e as lógicas comunicacionais envolvidas nas novas possibilidades advindas do desenvolvimento tecnológico. O último capítulo trata da pesquisa empírica e evidencia as modificações encontradas nas práticas católicas presentes no portal, além de se ocupar da identificação das lógicas comunicacionais católica e midiática e de suas afetações. A análise aponta, ainda, para a existência da lógica do desdobramento, resultado da afetação entre as lógicas da transmissão e da ambiência. A midiatização da Igreja faz com que o religioso presente na internet não seja mais o mesmo religioso historicamente conhecido, configurando-se como um neodevocional midiático. Na lógica do desdobramento, esse novo religioso encontrado no portal cancaonova.com se desdobra e é experimentado como informação, venda e vínculo. Por fim, compreendemos que o processo de afetação entre as duas lógicas estudadas não se dá sempre da mesma forma. O processo de afetação das lógicas acontece no neodevocional experimentado na internet. Já a coexistência das lógicas, dá-se nas práticas midiatizadas que constroem o portal e nas práticas possíveis a partir dele.