La mobilité du monde est permanente et cependant fugace, pour partie visible et invisible. La peinture contient à la fois un espace immobile mais mouvant, plan mais profond. Une couleur rehausse sa complémentaire et le sec réagit à l’humide. Cette succession de dualités sensibles, observable dans mes tableaux, instaure une tension. Cette dernière me permet de restituer avec justesse les liens qui se tressent entre les éléments participant du visible. La peinture dans sa profondeur propre creuse une distance qui servira de base à l’agrandissement de la sensation spatiale par l’écart. Elle prend naissance dans le rapport au lointain provenant de l’observation du paysage naturel et des éléments mouvants qui le constituent. De l’imprégnation qui en résulte ressort une structure constante du visible par-delà les particularismes, ce que l’acte pictural vise à saisir avec justesse par-delà l’apparence. La discontinuité entre les éléments impliqués dans le réel et l’incidence du vide fondateur de l’espace est un point de correspondance entre le visible du monde et celui de la peinture. L’usage de la réserve et l’emploi de formes ouvertes, de lignes discontinues obtenues par dissociation du geste, entre autres subterfuges déjouant la volonté consciente d’évoquer, sont parmi les moyens plastiques dont je me dote pour atteindre une correspondance structurelle au visible. La mobilité du monde naturel instaure celle de la peinture ainsi que celle du regard qui y déambule dans une relation de transfert et de continuité qui est l’objet de cette recherche. / The mobility of the world is constant and however fleeting, partly visible and invisible. Painting contains at the same time motionless and moving, flat and deep space. A colour enhances its complementary one and the dry reacts to the wet. This succession of sensitive dualities, which canbe seen in my paintings, sets up some tension. The latter allows me to accurately restore the links that are twining the involved elements of the visible. Painting in its own depth delves a distance which will serve as an enlargement of the spatial sensation. It originates in the reference to the distant coming from the observation of natural landscape and the moving elements that are part ofit. The impregnation that ensues brings out an abiding structure of the visible across the particularities, what the pictorial act aims at pointing with accuracy beyond the surface. The discontinuity between the elements which are involved in the real and the impact of the emptiness of the space are an interchange of the visible of the world and the painting one. The use of blank areas and open forms, of discontinuous lines which were made from dissociation of gesture, among other subterfuge eluding the aware will of conjuring up, are among the plastic means I useto get a structural correspondence with the visible. The mobility of the natural world sets up the mobility of painting such as the one of the act of looking which strolls around it in a relationship of transfer and continuity which is the object of this research.

The development of IT-resources today has reached a level towards making companies,especially B2B-companies, depend on the use of IT-resources to a certain level.This contributes to a large scope of important data being used on a daily basis, as a result thisdata becomes an important factor that can help a company succeed or lead them the otherway. The use of IT-risk planning becomes a great factor that can help direct the company inthe correct route. Nevertheless, the amount of time that is put on IT-risk planning today isquite high due to the development of IT-resources. Still there are some human factors thatcontinually get forgotten about that could help make this IT-risk planning even morerighteous. Underlying reasons to why every company within B2B slows down their processeswhen handling a crisis varies pretty often and there is really no consensus to which the mainreasons are. For this cause we’ve had the intent to study the most important factor withinevery business, the human factor e.g. the employees of the business. Thus this study treats thesubject of B2B-employees information security awareness. This work intends to research ifB2B-companies follow information security frameworks that have been developed in thesubject of information security awareness. The aim is to summarize existing theory and createan understanding of different key elements that are needed for an operative business and see ifthese key elements can be recognized within B2B-companies. To be able to investigate thisarea an empirical study has been created and conducted with six different B2B-companies.The primary data consists of semi-structured interviews with employees within both Swedishand European B2B-companies. The collected theory comes from published materials andprevious studies done about IT-risks and employees awareness. Comparison between theoryand empiricism will give answers about B2B-employees information security awareness andwhat can be improved. As result of the research findings it was concluded that there are somekey elements developed about how to improve IT-risk awareness. It has also been empiricallyproven that B2B-employees have lack of knowledge about how to handle IT-risks andmajority of the key elements in information security framework have not been adapted in theinterviewed B2B-companies.

Transfer of delictual liability in competition law The issue of delictual liability for anti-competitive practices and subsequent identification of party which is to be penalized for them is, with regard to effective protection of competition, a crucial one. However, it is also a topic which is, with a few notable exceptions, often addressed only superficially. This work therefore aims to perform thorough analysis of rules applicable to transfer of delictual liability both on European and Czech national level. For this purpose, it is divided into two major and comparatively separate parts. First of them is devoted to a detailed analysis of the European court of justice case-law related to the possibility of transfer of liability from the original infringer to a different legal entity. The aim is not only to identify particular criteria, which may affect such transfer of liability, but also to illustrate the direction in which the case-law of the European court of justice evolved and in which it is probable to continue heading in the future. The second part of this work deals with regulation of the transfer of liability within the Czech legal framework, commencing with adoption of Act no. 63/1991 Coll., on the Protection of Competition, up to the present. Considering the decisive influence of the...

Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / This thesis examines what a Business Continuity Plan (BCP) should comprise off, as well as the difference between a BCP and a Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) and the key elements of an effective BCP as well as the different types of disasters. It also investigates why companies that have BCP in place and conducts testing of their plan on a regular basis, either quarterly or bi-annually, still experience prolonged downtime during a disaster resulting in Service Level Agreements (SLA) not being met or major financial loses. It also inspects acceptable processes within a BCP to determine whether there are ways of improving these processes to prevent companies from experiencing prolonged downtime. The objective of this research is to determine and understand: Why organisations within the Western Cape experience prolonged downtimes during a disaster event. The potential deficiencies in a BCP and how they can be amended. A case study of four companies based in the Western Cape was conducted. These companies were chosen because each of them has a BCP in place and each have experienced prolonged downtime during a disaster. Qualitative interviews with the aid of an open-ended questionnaire were used to interview the BCP or Risk Manager of each company. The data was analysed to determine what the causes of their prolonged downtime were during a disaster. In the analysis and findings process each company is presented as a separate case study. The intension with this research study is to add an additional concept to the Common BCP Process that was identified within this study and that formed the basis for the Conceptual Framework, thereby reducing the downtime during a disaster for the companies that formed part of the research.

This thesis focuses on the topics of Business Continuity Management and Disaster Recov-ery Management in the context of small and medium sized businesses which offer or use IT services in the cloud. The aim of this thesis is to carry out a theoretical research of BCM and DRM in the aforementioned context and to analyze situation in a specific company based on the results of the research. This includes analysis of specific incidents that hap-pened in the company, analysis of how the company reacts to the incidents and how are the incidents logged and reported. The analysis identifies weak spots in the company and their potentials of improvement. The most serious weak spot discovered is that BCM and DRM are not implemented in the company. In the last part this thesis suggests measures to im-prove the situation in the specific company. That includes both specifying general goals and procedures and also defining specific policies, plans and reaction schemes. Specifically those are politics handling the incidents categorization, warning and communication, inci-dent reporting and performing maintenance.

The concept of business continuity management has gained wide acceptance in recent years. Recent natural disasters such as the 2004 tsunami and terrorist activities such as the 911 World Trade Centre bombing, has emphasised the importance of business continuity management. Many of these events had catastrophic consequences, which left most executives faced with the challenge of improving the continuity of their organisation. Not to long ago, these executives were also faced with the challenge of managing their IT investments in such a way that it is aligned with the strategic goals of the organisation. An initiative referred to as IT governance was developed and IT governance frameworks instantly assisted executives to obtain direct business value from IT investments. The problem statement addressed in this research is the lack of a generally accepted business continuity management framework. This research aims to leverage of the success of IT governance in an attempt to establish the beginnings of a framework for business continuity management. In addition, the research also illustrates a paradigm shift where the enterprise continuity of a typical organisation has evolved from disaster recovery to business continuity management. The research approach executed is based on the interpretivism paradigm and is used to interpret the results of the research methodology and research method. The research methodology consists of a literature survey and empirical study whereas a content analysis is used as the research method. / Dissertation (M.Com (Informatics))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Informatics / unrestricted

Introduction/ Objectives: Stroke, the third leading cause of death in Canada, is projected to rise in the next 20 years as the population ages and obesity rates increase. Family caregivers fulfill pertinent roles in providing support for family members who have survived a stroke, from onset to re-integration into the community. However, the transition from rehabilitation to home is a crucial transition for both the stroke survivor and family caregiver. As the stroke survivor transitions home from a rehabilitation facility, family caregivers provide different types of support, including assistance with navigating the stroke rehabilitation system. They also are a constant source of support for the stroke survivor providing them with continuity during the transition. In this exploratory study we examined family caregivers’ perceptions and experiences navigating the stroke rehabilitation system. The theories of continuity care and complex adaptive systems were used to examine the transition home from hospital or stroke rehabilitation facility, and in some cases back to hospital. Methodology: Family caregivers (n=14) who provide care for a stroke survivor were recruited 4-12 weeks following the patient’s discharge from a stroke rehabilitation facility. Interviews were conducted with family caregivers to examine their perceptions and experiences navigating the stroke rehabilitation system. Directed content analysis was used to explore the perceptions of family caregivers as they reflected on the transitions home. The theories of continuity of care and complex adaptive systems were used to interpret their experiences. Results/Conclusions: During the transition home from a rehabilitation facility, family caregivers are a constant source of support, providing the stroke survivor with continuity. Emergent themes highlight the importance of the caregiving role, and barriers and facilitators that impact the role, and influence continuity of care. Also, supports and services in the community were limited or did not meet the specific needs of the family caregiver. The acknowledgment of the unique attributes of each case will ensure supports and services are tailored to the family caregiver’s needs. Mitigation of systemic barriers would also decrease complexity experienced at the micro-level in the stroke rehabilitation system, and better support the family caregiver during the transition home from a stroke rehabilitation facility.

Climate change and global commodity demands have increased access to and feasibility of extracting natural resources in Arctic regions. As a result, Nunavut is now poised to compete on the global market for oil, gas, minerals, and precious metals. The impacts of increasing resource exploration and development activities on nearby communities therefore require study. In particular, new methodologies are needed to explore how adjacent communities can harness the economic potential of resource extraction toward goals of self-sufficiency, sustainability, and cultural continuity while minimizing the associated risks. Using the predominantly Inuit community of Pond Inlet, Nunavut, as a case study, this thesis uses an article format to introduce the Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development’s ‘nation building’ conceptual framework, as well as a post-colonial theory to explore resource development in the Canadian Arctic context. The nation building framework is a well-established and validated approach to understanding economic development in Indigenous society that has been refined and used in hundreds of case studies over the past three decades. Based on interviews with residents and regional decision-makers, it was found that the community of Pond Inlet currently lacks the self-determination and effective institutions needed to implement local strategies for prosperity due to a number of complex factors, including educational and capacity deficiencies; infrastructure needs; as well as a centralized decision-making structure that poorly matches local culture and serves to alienate residents. As a result, the anticipated resource boom in Arctic Canada is in danger of indirectly repeating the colonial legacy of assimilation, this time justified by contemporary economic reasons, instead of providing the region with an inclusive, balanced economic development approach in line with local ideas for development and cultural continuity.This thesis follows the article format and is organized into four chapters: Chapter 1 is an introductory chapter. Chapter 2 is the first of two articles in the thesis titled: Community and Economic Development in Arctic Canada (CEDAC) – Understanding factors that contribute toward self-determined sustainable community development. Chapter 3 is the second of two articles in the thesis titled: Community and Economic Development in Arctic Canada (CEDAC) – Mining in Nunavut: A new path to prosperity or re‐paving old paths of colonial rule? Chapter 4 concludes the thesis.

Les politiques de préservation de la biodiversité (Grenelle 1 et 2, trames vertes et bleues) et les politiques de gestion de l'eau et des milieux aquatiques (Directive cadre européenne sur l'eau, LEMA) enjoignent les collectivités de protéger et restaurer des corridors écologiques. Cependant, dans le cas de rivières fortement modifiées, comme c'est le cas des rivières périurbaines d'Ile-de-France, cette mesure fait l'objet de controverses quant à la faisabilité hydraulique des restaurations (risques d'assecs et d'inondations) et à leur intérêt en termes de qualité de l'eau. Les différents acteurs en charge de la gestion de ces rivières, mais également les scientifiques travaillant sur ces rivières (écologues, hydrologues, géographes,…) ne parviennent pas à construire une expertise partagée pour définir les conséquences, bénéfiques ou négatives, de cette restauration écologique.Nous avons fait l'hypothèse que les controverses autour de l'idée de restauration des cours d'eau, étaient en grande partie structurées par la mobilisation de différents types de connaissances et de représentations pour gérer ces cours d'eau. Il nous a dès lors semblé intéressant de mener, dans deux cas de figure très différents, deux démarches de concertation dans le but de favoriser une confrontation de ces expertises et représentations. Nous avons ensuite observé les effets produits par ces dispositifs sur la construction d'une expertise locale permettant une action collective en vue d'une restauration des continuités. Dans un cas, nous avons mené une démarche de « modélisation d'accompagnement » sur la rivière du Grand Morin, pour discuter de la restauration de la continuité longitudinale, en mêlant les expertises de chercheurs, d'élus, de représentants de l'Etat et de représentants d'usagers. Dans un second cas, nous avons mené une démarche de « jury citoyen » sur la vallée de l'Orge, visant à débattre de la restauration de la continuité latérale (trames vertes et bleues) avec des gestionnaires (syndicats, techniciens,…), des élus, des représentants d'associations et des citoyens. Ces arènes de concertation étaient des lieux privilégiés pour observer les échanges et les possibilités de co-construire des connaissances. Elles nous ont aussi permis d'étudier la mise en œuvre de la continuité écologique au niveau local en zone périurbaine, et d'étudier comment cette politique publique pouvait devenir l'objet d'une action collective entre tous les acteurs concernés. Nous avons choisi d'explorer les débats et les échanges entre les participants d'une manière dynamique, du point de vue des acteurs qui y participent, afin de voir comment se forge une action collective. Nous réalisons une comparaison entre les positions des participants avant et après les démarches de concertation. L'hybridation de savoirs permise par ces procédures produit des apprentissages chez les participants. Elle permet d'expliciter les valeurs et représentations qui sont derrière les connaissances de chacun. Ces démarches facilitent la construction d'une représentation commune du système. Elles permettent de débattre des incertitudes, de montrer ce qu'on ne sait pas, et donc de (re)poser des choix politiques face aux lacunes de connaissances techniques. Elles permettent d'approfondir la définition de la continuité écologique, et d'alterner des moments de politisation et dépolitisation de cet objet technique. Bien que ces procédures ne changent pas fondamentalement le cours de la décision publique, elles permettent un recadrage de la question, une forme de légitimation et d'appropriation de la continuité écologique. Elles permettent de construire une certaine confiance entre les participants, en changeant le collectif et la dynamique des débats. En ce sens on peut dire qu'elles facilitent l'action collective, en transformant un objet technique en objet socio-technique / Biodiversity preservation and water management policies (WFD, Grenelle 1 and 2) require local stakeholders to restore ecological corridors and natural functions of rivers and aquatic environments. Implementing this measure on semi-artificial rivers in the Ile-de-France region can be an issue. In this context, river managers use dams to regulate the water level and to prevent floods. Therefore, they are reluctant to remove them. We made the assumption that those controversies about ecological continuity were mostly due to the diversity of expertise and representation of nature management. Therefore, we conducted two participative procedures to discuss those types of expertise and representations, on two different rivers in the Ile-de-France region: the Morin River and the Orge River. We studied the effects of those procedures and their ability to create collective action in order to restore continuities. On the Morin River, a companion modeling process was conducted to debate about longitudinal ecological continuity, associating scientists, elected representatives and user representatives (kayakers, fishermen). Using a model, participants shared their knowledge and representations of the river, to build a compromise between different management options. On the Orge River, a citizen jury was conducted to debate about green and blue corridors, involving elected representatives, river managers and citizens. We observed and analyzed debates and knowledge sharing during those procedures. We studied how ecological continuity could be implemented in suburban areas and how it could become a collective action involving all stakeholders. We compared participants' positions before and after the debates. Sharing expertise through those procedures led the participants to learn about the river, its functioning and about others. It helped elucidating values and representation of each participant, facilitating the common understanding of their position. A common representation of the system was built and uncertainties were debated. Therefore, the technical subject of ecological continuity became more explicit and more political. Those procedures didn't have a direct impact on political and management decisions. However, they facilitated the appropriation and legitimation of the concept of ecological continuity. We observed more trust between participants and the collective dynamics of discussions was improved. Therefore, to a certain extent, these procedures changed a technical concept for a socio-technical object, and turned this public policy into a collective action

Cette thèse aborde la question de la continuité de la conscience chez William James, en vue de ses possibles actualisations. En particulier, la tentative est de délimiter, de façon critique, les réflexions et les influences principales qui caractérisent le discours de James. Dans le sillage de la théorie de l'évolution de Darwin, les réflexions de James émergèrent dans le champ de la psychologie physiologique de la fin du 19ème siècle, où il développa de plus en plus intensément l'exigence d'une épistémologie renouvelée et d'un nouveau cadre métaphysique pour comprendre les théories et les découvertes scientifiques les plus intéressantes sur l'esprit humain. L'analyse du thème de la continuité permet de saisir, tant d'un point de vue historique que théorique, l'importance du passage graduel de James des observations de la psychologie expérimentale sur la continuité de la pensée vers une perspective ontologique selon laquelle la continuité constitue une caractéristique de la réalité. En outre, une telle analyse permet de clarifier la position de James par rapport à son contexte historique, et en même temps, de mettre en évidence les résultats les plus originaux de son travail.L'aspect de la continuité, bien que reconnu par les critiques de James, n'a jamais été proprement analysé jusqu'à présent. Cela est dû, d'une part, à la grande attention que les commentateurs ont communément prêté à la dimension individuelle chez James, et donc, à l'aspect tychistique et variant de la réalité ; d'autre part, il est important de garder à l'esprit que le principal courant interprétatif a réduit la confrontation entre James et Charles S. Peirce à une polarisation paradigmatique, où James était considéré comme un philosophe nominaliste et individualiste, alors que Peirce était étiqueté comme le réaliste à la recherche d'un continuum mathématique qui soit compatible avec sa théorie de la sémiose infinie.Toutefois, James fut immédiatement intrigué par la contradictoire unité synthétique des états mentaux, qu'il avait pu dériver de sa description de la continuité des états de conscience, où ceux-là préservaient à la fois une réelle continuité et une réelle divisibilité. Le vague aspect de l'expérience n'était pas pleinement reproductible en termes conceptuels, et en termes logiques il constituait une contradiction. L'élaboration d'une telle problématique de la part de James doit être considérée au sein du changement de paradigme de l'époque qui eut lieu dans la première moitié du 20ème siècle. Un tel changement influença l'élaboration de James, particulièrement à travers les progrès théoriques et méthodologiques réalisés dans le champ de la physiologie et de la biologie du 19ème siècle. / This thesis addresses the issue of the continuity of consciousness in William James, considering also its possible actualization. In particular, this work aims at outlining critically the various theoretical perspectives that influenced James’s philosophical discourse. On the wave of the Darwinian theory of evolution, James’s reflections originate in the field of late 19th century physiological psychology where he develops more and more intensely the exigency of a renewed epistemology and a new metaphysical framework for gathering the most interesting scientific theories and discoveries about the human mind. The analysis of the theme of continuity allows us to capture, from the historical and the theoretical point of view, the importance of James’s gradual translation of psychological experimental observations of the continuity of thought into an ontological perspective according to which continuity constitutes a feature of reality. Indeed, such an analysis clarifies James's position within his own historical context, as well as highlighting the most original outcomes of his work. The aspect of continuity, although mentioned by James’ scholars, has not been properly analyzed to date. This is firstly due to the great attention that interpreters have commonly paid to James’s individualist attitude, hence to the tychistic or variant features of reality. Secondly, it is important to consider that the main interpretative stream of pragmatism narrowed the comparison between James and Charles S. Peirce into a paradigmatic polarization, so that James was mainly considered as the philosopher of nominalism and individuality, while Peirce was labeled as the realist in search of a mathematical continuum.But James was immediately intrigued by the contradictory synthetic unity of mental states that he could draw from his description of the continuity of the states of consciousness, in so far as they preserved both real continuity and real divisibility. The vague aspect of experience was not fully reproducible in conceptual terms, and in logical terms it resulted in a contradiction. James’s elaboration of this problematic issue should be considered within the shift of paradigms that was taking place in the first half of the 20th century. Such an epochal change affected James’s elaboration, particularly through the theoretical and methodological advancements that were made in the fields of physiology and biological sciences throughout the 19th century.