<p>QC 20140428</p>

Bakgrund: Att bedriva hemsjukvård med hög kontinuitet har i tidigare studier visat sig medföra positiva effekter för vårdens kvalité. I lagen står det skrivet att patientens behov av kontinuitet ska tillgodoses, trots detta vittnar media fortfarande om brister kopplade till kontinuitet. Syfte: Att belysa kontinuitet från flera perspektiv utifrån ett patientfall i hemsjukvården. Metod: Mixad metod med kvantitativa och kvalitativa delar. Den kvantitativa delen beräknar kontinuiteten utifrån två formler och redovisas med deskriptiv statistik. Den kvalitativa delen består av kvalitativa innehållsanalyser av omvårdnadspersonalens dagliga noteringar samt en anhörig intervju. Resultat: Resultatet visade ett varierande värde på HHI och CoC index, Innehållsanalyserna resulterade i flera underkategorier och huvudkategorier. Syntesen kombinerar kvantitativa och kvalitativa för att få fram hur HHI och CoC förhåller sig till upplevelserna från patient och anhörig. Diskussion: Det finns styrkor och svagheter med respektive formel. Anteckningsboken ger en inblick i kommunikationen mellan vård- och omsorgspersonal. Intervjun av anhörig belyser vikten av kontinuitet från ett anhörigperspektiv. Slutsats: Studien visar hur kontinuitet kan belysas med både kvantitativa och kvalitativa implikationer. Vården kan dra nytta av att utveckla sätt för att bättre kunna belysa kontinuitet från både kvantitativa och kvalitativa data. / Background: Conducting home care with high continuity has in previous studies been shown to have positive effects on care. The law states that the patient's need for continuity must be met, despite this, the media still testify to shortcomings linked to continuity. Aim: To shed light on continuity from multiple perspectives from a patient case in home care. Method: Mixed method with quantitative and qualitative parts. The quantitative part calculates the continuity based on two formulas and is reported with descriptive statistics. The qualitative part contains two content analyzes, one of which is on the notebook from the patient's home and one is on an interview with a relative. Results: The results showed a varying value of HHI and CoC index, The content analysis resulted in several subcategories and main categories. The synthesis combines quantitative and qualitative to bring out how HHI and CoC relate to the experiences from patient and relative. Discussion: There are strengths and weaknesses with each formula. The notebook provides an insight into the communication between care and nursing staff. The interview of a relative highlights the importance of continuity from a relative perspective. Conclusion: The study shows how continuity can be elucidated with both quantitative and qualitative implications. Healthcare can benefit from developing ways to better illuminate continuity from both quantitative and qualitative data.

Future self-continuity has been noted as a major factor that determines unethical business decisions, but its mediating effect on the difference in individuals from cross-cultural settings is yet to be adequately examined. This study investigated unethical business decisions of Eastern and Western Nigerians; and the mediating role of future self-continuity. A total of 197 post graduate university students selected through convenience sampling were used for the cross-sectional study. Participants filled a self-administered close ended questionnaire measuring their unethical business decisions and future self-continuity. Pearson correlation analysis, independent t-test and Baron and Kenny’s method of mediation analysis were used to analyze the data collected. Result revealed that greater future self-continuity led to fewer unethical business decisions. Significant differences were noticed in the expression of unethical business and future self-continuity of Eastern and Western Nigerians. Future self-continuity did not mediate the difference noticed between the Eastern and Western Nigerians in their unethical business decision. In conclusion, future self-continuity is not a significant mediator of the observed difference in unethical business decisions of Eastern and Western Nigerians.

Creative thinking is a popular and ambiguous ability but so far we have limited knowledge about how creativity work within history education. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate how individual creativity and a historical thinking with a focus on continuity and change relate to each other within history education. Data was collected with the help of an authentic history assignment and analyzed with qualitative content analysis and statistical correlations. A constructivist framework with a specific focus on the The Geneplore Model of Creativity and Historical thinking was chosen to guide the analysis. Results point to several similarities between creativity and historical thinking on continuity and change, with both concepts focusing on constructing new and meaningful knowledge. Here, the strongest correlation was found between creative thinking and reflections about change through history. The analysis also pointed to cognitive processes with a particularly promising potential to develop both creative and historical thinking, namely divergent thinking with the purpose to generate several alternative answers, and janusian thinking with the purpose to generate contradictory perspectives. Further, the analysis also revealed some differences between creativity and historical thinking on continuity and change. Here, thinking creatively with help of distant analogical thinking was particularly difficult since those conclusions seldom were rooted in historical facts. In fact, many of the creative conclusion identified in this study showed a potential to develop students understanding of the past, but were still in an undeveloped stage. These results indicate a need for a continued critical exploration of creative answers after initially being generated. In sum, the identified similarities and differences between creative and historical thinking on continuity and change demonstrate that creativity could play a role in the development of students historical understanding and points to a promising direction for future research interested in creative comparisons over time.

Emotions are a central part of our lives and the ability to effectively regulate them is central to well-being. Although a lot of research shows the beneficial role of sleep on emotional reactivity and regulation, little is known about how dream emotions relate to emotional reactivity and regulation. The current study investigated how dreams with high vs low levels of self-rated negative dream affect related to next-day waking emotional reactivity and regulation. Participants kept a home dream diary until reporting dreams on five days. They also reported dream and wake emotions and performed an online emotional reactivity and regulation task. Opposing predictions were derived from the continuity hypothesis and from the emotion regulation theories of dreaming. However, no significant differences were found between emotional reactivity and regulation on mornings following dreams with high vs low negative affect. Thus, no support was provided for the direct predictions made from the two theories. Nevertheless, morning wake affect differed significantly as a function of dream emotions. Specifically, participants reported significantly higher levels of positive emotions on mornings after a dream low, rather than high, in negative affect. Similarly, wake morning negative affect was higher following dreams high, rather than low, in negative affect. Thus, the results support a form of affective continuity between dreams and morning wakefulness.

The high social costs associated with bankruptcy have spurred searches for better theoretical understanding and prediction capability. In this paper, we investigate a hybrid approach to bankruptcy prediction, using a genetic programming algorithm to construct a bankruptcy prediction model with variables from a rough sets model derived in prior research. Both studies used data from 291 US public companies for the period 1991 to 1997. The second stage genetic programming model developed in this research consists of a decision model that is 80% accurate on a validation sample as compared to the original rough sets model which was 67% accurate. Additionally, the genetic programming model reveals relationships between variables that are not apparent in either the rough sets model or prior research. These findings indicate that genetic programming coupled with rough sets theory can be an efficient and effective hybrid modeling approach both for developing a robust bankruptcy prediction model and for offering additional theoretical insights.

This study aims to investigate how history teachers talk about the historical thinking concepts change and continuity. In this study, four teachers from three different secondary schools in Sweden were interviewed. The theoretical perspectives are Seixas and Morton’s guidelines for teaching change and continuity, and these have been used as a tool to categorize and analyze the teachers’ responses and reflections. From this, five categories or topics that the teachers’ discussions covered were formulated. The most common method that the teachers talked about was to use a timeline or some other form of chronological illustration to provide a solid foundation for the students. The teachers could then use this to consolidate higher levels of understanding of the concepts. The chronological understanding enabled the teachers to address the process of change in terms of variation in paces, patterns and turning points, which the teachers emphasized had a relation to where we look and who it affects. Concerning the discussion of how teachers instruct students about historical progress and decline, it became clear that this is strongly related to language comprehension. It was also evident that students view history as a constant process of improvement. When it comes to historical periodization, all teachers agreed that critical reflection on why and on what premises these divisions has been made is important to consider. However, this was primarily applied to the concept of change, and continuity was most commonly referred to when the historical content was discussed in relation to the history of attitudes or mentalities. The teachers explained different didactical methods while discussing these topics, and they also used different ways to exemplify these with historical content and metaphors. What also became clear was the relationship between the teachers’ educational background and their variation of teaching.

The aim of the study is to visualize and discuss how students perceive and make meaning in their transition from pre-school class to primary school. A special goal is to identify factors that facilitates and/or hinders students’ successful transition. In spring 2017, nine five-year-old children expressed their thoughts before starting in preschool class. The thoughts were documented in interviews and drawings that the students made. By going back to the students who were interviewed then and with their images as artifacts, this study wants to analyze how the students retrospectively describe their experiences of the transition and make the students' expectations and concerns visible to future transitions. In analyses, the study wants to understand what the important aspects to take into account at school transitions are. The study has a social constructionist framework. The children's experiences of transitions is constructed together with the researcher in the process of research (Alvesson &amp; Sköldberg, 2017). A socio-cultural perspective is used and presumes that transitions are constructed in a social community. During transitions the students revise and re-identify their identities. The pupils´ experiences in the transition process becomes important aspects in the students' identity construction and meaning making (Newman &amp; Paasi, 1998).The pupils were able to give their thoughts on things they saw as frightening but which turned out to be simple and other things that were really difficult. It is hoped that, based on the students' experiences, tools are found to use in the work with successful transitions.

L’Homme est aujourd’hui au centre d’une sphère électronique composée de terminaux hétérogènes capables d’offrir des services similaires. Il choisit désormais l’interface adaptée à ses besoins, passant librement d’un terminal à un autre pour bénéficier d’un même service. Cette liberté induit de nouvelles problématiques de mobilité ayant un impact direct sur l’expérience utilisateur. L’état de l’art fait apparaître deux catégories de services aux caractéristiques propres : des services applicatifs revêtant diverses formes (applications locales et distantes) et des services de télécommunications reposant sur des infrastructures standardisées. L’étude des contraintes de mobilité et des approches existantes révèle que les solutions actuelles dans ce domaine sont incomplètes et ne peuvent assurer une continuité de bout en bout : désignation, transfert, adaptation, etc. Nous avons implémenté des mécanismes de continuité dans les environnements ims et web pour des services de télécommunications et multimédias afin de mettre en évidence les lacunes des solutions existantes, et identifier les fonctions élémentaires d’une gestion globale de la mobilité. Le résultat de ces travaux révèle qu’une approche plus abstraite du concept de service est nécessaire dans la définition d’un modèle générique de continuité adapté au milieu hétérogène de l’utilisateur. Nous avons introduit de nouveaux concepts et des mécanismes de mobilité originaux que nous avons ensuite implémentés dans un "distributed Service Manager". Enfin nous avons évalué ce modèle grâce à des tests qualitatifs et quantitatifs sur un prototype selon un scénario de transfert d’un service d’édition de texte dans un milieu hétérogène. Les résultats particulièrement satisfaisants prouvent la faisabilité de notre solution et son adéquation avec les contraintes de continuités temporelle et contextuelle / People now live within an electronic sphere of heterogenous devices providing similar services. From now on they can freely choose the best interface corresponding to their needs, switching from a device to another while enjoying a same service. This freedom leverage new mobility issues that directly impact the user experience. The state of the art introduces two services types with specific properties : applicative services commonly known as local or remote applications and telecommunication services based on standardised infrastructures. The study of the mobility constraints and the existing approaches shows that current solutions in this domain are incomplete and cannot assure an end-to-end continuity : selection, transfer, adaptation, etc. We implemented continuity mechanisms in the ims and web environments for telecommunication and multimedia services in order to emphasize the lacks of the existing solutions and identify the basic features of a unified mobility management model. These works led to a more abstract vision of the service concept, required to define a generic continuity model adapted to the user’s heterogeneous environment. We introduced innovative concepts and original mobility mechanisms, which we implemented in a "distributed Service Manager". Finally, we evaluated this model with qualitative and quantitative tests on a prototype according to a transfer scenario of text-edition service in a heterogeneous environment. Results are very satisfying, they prove the feasibility of our solution and its adequacy with the temporal and contextual constraints

Many small real estate business leaders lack effective strategies to resume and sustain operations in a postnatural-disaster environment. This multiple case study investigated strategies that 3 small real estate business leaders in southeastern Louisiana used to resume and sustain operations in the aftermath of a natural disaster. The chaos theory and stakeholder theory were the conceptual frameworks for this study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, and reviews of business continuity plan documents and member checking. The themes that emerged from data analysis were leaders' strategies relating to business planning and innovation, stakeholder engagement, operations management, and disaster responsiveness. Implications of the findings of this study for social change include identification of effective strategies for increasing the sustainability of small businesses in the real estate industry through implementation of proven business continuity strategies that might help keep communities intact, reestablish commerce, and contribute to regional economic sustainability in the aftermath of a natural disaster.