The following study aims to identify the relationship between emotional dependency and intimate partner violence in a sample of women who utilize the psychology service of a national health establishment. A quantitative approach is followed with a comparative associative strategy. The sample consisted of two groups of women, female victims of intimate partner violence (25 women) and women who were not victims of intimate partner violence (26 women). The results suggest that there is a statistically significant relationship between the variables of study, since differences between the two study groups was found and it was found that the value assumed correlation coefficient between variables was highly significant. / El siguiente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la relación entre la dependencia emocional y la violencia de pareja en una muestra conformada por mujeres usuarias del servicio de psicología de un establecimiento de salud nacional. Para esto, se sigue un enfoque cuantitativo y se utiliza una estrategia asociativa comparativa. La muestra estuvo constituida por dos grupos de mujeres, mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja (25 usuarias) y mujeres que no fueron víctimas de violencia de pareja (26 usuarias). Los resultados sugieren que existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables de estudio, puesto que se encontró diferencias entre los dos grupos de estudio y se halló que el valor que asumió el coeficiente de relación entre las variables fue altamente significativo.

In arder ro identifY rhe most important characrerisrics rhat describe rhe Latín American Psychology ar rhe end of rhe century, six main issues áre discussed: rhe scientific orienration, the dependency characteristic, the lack of an original arproach, the social meaning, the politic permeabiliry, rhe emphasis on applied research, and the interest in the person as the central object of study. The fact that these observations are based on the more active nations in rhe generation of psychological knowledge could be a limitation in rhe generalization of rhe findings. / Con el propósito de identificar las características más relevantes que tipifican a la psicología latinoamericana hacia fines del siglo XX, se señalan y discuten seis notas dominantes: su orientación científica, el carácter dependiente, la escasa originalidad, la relevancia social y su permeabilidad política, la preferencia por la investigación aplicada y su interés por el hombre como objeto central de sus trabajos. Se señala como limitación para establecer generalizaciones, el que las observaciones se basan solamente en las naciones latinoamericanas más activas en la generación de conocimientos psicológicos.

Accessibility is a gateway to accessing opportunities or service sites, i.e., grocery shopping, healthcare and jobs and it has been used as a proxy to measure inequalities. The equity, in travel time or distance, to accessing of these services is vital to ensure high accessibility hence providing equality. Population increase leading to urban sprawl affects accessibility in the absence of prudent residential spatial planning and transport systems and infrastructure. Urban sprawl creates a distance between populations and centres of services such as grocery stores. This promotes the growth of car-dependency to accessing these services that are not easily reachable by non-motorised transport of walking and biking.This thesis measures accessibility to grocery stores by comparing the travel time of populations in the four neighbourhoods, of Ålidhem, Tomtebo, Carlshem and Sofiehem, by walking and biking. The measuring is done by using the ArcGIS Network Analyst to create and build a single-modal network dataset of pedestrian and bike lanes in the study area. Accessibility to grocery stores is measured using the service areas created based on the grocery store location and it highlights all the accessible streets from the centre within a time impedance. Afterwards, the populations are aggregated in each service area of each neighbourhood to compare the time difference of accessibility to a grocery store.With distance decay effects, the walking time distance restricts accessibility to grocery stores to a limited population in the neighbourhoods. The bike time distance, however, increased the residents in the study area who can access the grocery stores. The new location for a Coop grocery store provides the highest accessibility to grocery stores compared to the Ålidhem Centre grocery store.From the results of the analysis, the bike travel is the most equitable hence equal mode of active transport for all the four neighbourhoods. / <p>The best time to build walk and cycle paths was 20 years ago. The second best time is now! This publication is my first and very close to my heart as it shows how land use and transport are related to reduce travel times and also promote more non-motorised transport usage. </p>

O presente trabalho analisa a situação de adolescentes dependentes químicos no Município de Santarém, Estado do Pará, observando os indicadores institucionais apontados pelo Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas- CAPS AD e pelo Centro Socioeducativo do Baixo Amazonas-CESEBA, quanto aos casos de adolescentes adictos registrados, dialogando com a proposta das Políticas Públicas existentes no Brasil para o enfrentamento desta problemática, na perspectiva de se avaliar a sua efetividade na garantia do direito a promoção da saúde mental ao adolescente em uso indevido de drogas, no que tange a implantação, efetivação e melhoria de programas, ações e atividades que assegurem a prevenção, tratamento, recuperação e reinserção social destes adolescentes. / This paper deals with the situation of chemically dependent adolescents in the municipality of Santarém in the state of Pará, observing the institutional indicators pointed out by the Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas- CAPS Ad (Center for Psychosocial Services Alcohol and Drugs) and the Centro Socioeducativo do Baixo Amazonas-CESEBA (Socio-educational Center of Lower Amazonas), as to the cases of registered addicted adolescents and dialogs with the proposal of the existing Public Policies in Brazil for confronting this problem, in the perspective of evaluating their effectiveness in guaranteeing the right to the promotion of mental health for the adolescent who is making improper use of drugs, as these policies relate to the implantation, effectuation and improvement of programs, actions and activities which assure the prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and social reinsertion of these adolescents.

Observar há relação entre o CPO-D e a dependência ao açúcar extrínseco não láctico (AENL) na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos em escolares da rede pública estadual do ensino médio do município de Porto Alegre. Metodologia: Este estudo é observacional do tipo analítico transversal, realizado no município de Porto Alegre; cuja amostra incluiu 400 escolares de ambos os sexos de nove escolas sorteadas da rede pública estadual com faixa etária entre 15 e 19 anos. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados ficha de levantamento epidemiológico para o CPO-D, baseada na do Projeto Saúde Bucal Brasil (2004) e aplicação do questionário de abuso e dependência de AENL (ROSA, 2005). Resultados: O CPO-D médio da amostra foi de 0,90; sendo no sexo feminino (0,98) ligeiramente maior que no masculino (0,79). A relação entre CPOD dos dependentes (0,94) e dos não dependentes (0,88) não se mostrou estatisticamente significativa (p=0,794).No que tange a variável dependência 34% responderam positivamente ao questionário; sendo que o sexo feminino (42,5) apresentou maior dependência que o masculino (22,7%), tendo assim uma diferença estatística significativa (p<0,001). Conclusões: A relação entre dependência de AENL e o CPO-D não foi significativa, contudo existem fatores de proteção, como flúor, acesso a serviço odontológico, fator econômico e outros que podem ter interferido no resultado. / To observe the relation between the DMF-T index and the dependency to non lactic extrinsic sugars (NLES) in teenagers from 15-19 years of age belonging to state public schools in the city of Porto Alegre. Methodology: This study is observational analytical cross, held in the city of Porto Alegre, whose sample included 400 male and female students from nine schools drawn from the public network with state age group between 15 and 19 years. For data collection were used sheet of epidemiological survey for the DMF-T, based on the Project's Oral Health Brazil (2004) and implementation of the questionnaire of abuse and dependence on NLES (ROSA, 2005).Results: The mean DMF-T was 0.90; being the sex feminine (0.98) slightly higher than the masculine (0.79). The relation between the DMF-T of the dependents (0.94) and from the non-dependents (0.88) was not statistically significant (p=0,794). In relation to the variable dependency, 34% answered positively the questionnaire; the feminine group (42, 5%) presented a higher dependancy than the male group (22, 7%), and this difference was statistically significant (p<0,001). Conclusions: The relation between dependancy of NLES and DMF-T was not statistically significant; nevertheless there are factors of caries protection, as fluoride, access to dental service, economical factors and others that can interfere in this result.

A presente tese tem por objetivo contribuir para a construção de uma estrutura metodológica dentro do paradigma marxista para a análise das relações econômicas de dependência no mercado mundial. Para tanto, iniciamos com uma revisão da literatura atual sobre o assunto, buscando desde as indicações de Karl Marx sobre sua visão quanto ao papel do mercado mundial no desenvolvimento do capitalismo e vice-versa, passando pela teoria do imperialismo de Rudolf Hilferding e Vladmir Lênin, e alcançando o debate sobre a dependência, que foi estudado em dois momentos: o debate clássico, que compreendeu pensadores como Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Ruy Mauro Marini; o debate atual, no qual destacamos a participação de autores como Jaime Osorio. Por fim, apresentamos uma proposta para a aplicação da categoria “dependência” compreendendo-a como a síntese de três relações que se desenvolvem entre diferentes regiões do mercado mundial: a apropriação de mais-valor; a subordinação; e a vinculação. / This thesis aims to contribute to the construction of a methodological framework within the Marxist paradigm capable of analyses the economic relations of dependency in the world market. Therefore, we started with a review of the current literature on this subject, starting from the evidences of Karl Marx on the way he understood the role of world market in the development of capitalism and vice versa, passing through the theory of Imperialism of Rudolf Hilferding and Vladimir Lenin, and reaching the debate on Dependency, which we studied in two phases: the classic debate, which included authors such as Theotonio dos Santos, Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Ruy Mauro Marini; the current debate, in which we emphasize the contributions of authors like Jaime Osorio. Finally, we presented a use proposal of the "Dependency" category, understood as the synthesis of three distinct relations between different regions of the world market: surplus value appropriation; subordination; and linking.

Esta tese tem como objeto central o universo de pequenos produtores e trabalhadores rurais de Uruguaiana – fronteira do Brasil meridional com a província argentina de Corrientes e o norte uruguaio - no período pós-escravidão (1884-1920). A questão principal que procuramos responder é como, neste contexto de transformação, buscavam estes sujeitos readequar-se na economia local, considerando-se as possibilidades de manutenção de suas margens de autonomia. Especialmente a partir da análise de processos-crime, procuramos identificá-los na dinâmica da Campanha riograndense, estabelecendo seu perfil sociodemográfico, comparativamente a outros sujeitos, e de que maneira se inseriram nas relações sociais locais, mediadas por vínculos de dependência. Dentro deste universo, enfocamos os jornaleiros e agregados, buscando compreendê-los sob a perspectiva da lógica familiar camponesa. O fim da escravidão não provocou o desaparecimento de relações de dependência na região, mas sua readequação, e a ressignificação das condições de “proprietário” e “dependente” no espectro dos níveis de autonomia. O cerceamento de formas mais precárias de acesso à terra – generalizadas na Campanha até meados do século XIX – foi um aspecto central nesse processo, sobre o qual incidiram, na virada para o XX, a intensa circulação de pessoas, especialmente trabalhadores, através da fronteira, bem como a atuação das autoridades a partir da regulação normativa das condutas sociais. Os sujeitos expropriados por este processo procuravam agir diante de tal cenário cambiante, e suas possibilidades de resistência davam-se dentro dos marcos da mobilização de práticas costumeiras e das relações de dependência em seu favor. / The core purpose of this thesis is to investigate the universe of small producers and rural workers of Uruguaiana – Southern Brazil border with the Argentinian province of Corrientes and the northern Uruguay – in the post-slavery era (1884-1920). The main question we intend to answer is how, in this changing context, these agents seek to fit in the local economy regarding the possibilities of keeping their margins of autonomy. Mainly through the analysis of criminal cases, we intend to identify these small producers and rural workers in the dynamics of the Campanha rio-grandense, by setting their sociodemographic profile in comparison with other agents. Also, we intend to understand how they put themselves in the local social relations mediated by bonds of dependency. Within this universe of analysis, we focused on jornaleiros (day-laborers) and agregados (landless producers), which are understood under the perspective of the peasant logic. The end of slavery did not produce the disappearing of relations of dependency in the region, but its rearrangement and the resignification of conditions such as “proprietary” and “dependent” in the range of autonomy levels. The retrenchment of the most precarious modes of access to land – which were disseminated in the Campanha until the midterms of the nineteenth century – was a core factor in this process, on which incurred, in the turn of the twentieth century, the intense circulation of people through the border, especially workers, as well as the acting of local authorities through the normative regulation of social conducts. The agents expropriated by this process seek to act towards this changing context, and their chances of resistance took place within the boundaries of the handling of customary practices and the relations of dependency in their favor.

(English) Vinit Ravishankar July 2018 The aim of this thesis is twofold; first, we attempt to dependency parse existing code-switched corpora, solely by training on monolingual dependency treebanks. In an attempt to do so, we design a dependency parser and ex- periment with a variety of methods to improve upon the baseline established by raw training on monolingual treebanks: these methods range from treebank modification to network modification. On this task, we obtain state-of-the- art results for most evaluation criteria on the task for our evaluation language pairs: Hindi/English and Komi/Russian. We beat our own baselines by a sig- nificant margin, whilst simultaneously beating most scores on similar tasks in the literature. The second part of the thesis involves introducing the relatively understudied task of predicting code-switching points in a monolingual utter- ance; we provide several architectures that attempt to do so, and provide one of them as our baseline, in the hopes that it should continue as a state-of-the-art in future tasks. 1

Detta examensarbete fokuserar på medberoende, utifrån intervjuer med några som har växt upp med missbrukande föräldrar, och deras perspektiv angående livskvalité som medberoende personer. Syftet är att utifrån det psykosociala perspektivet, synliggöra risker med att växa upp i en missbruksfamilj som medberoende och hur det har påverkat utvecklingen av livskvaliteten i vuxen ålder. Studien består av forskningsstudier, litteraturgranskning och egen empirisk komponent, som omfattar intervjuer med fem medberoende personer varav tre har utvecklat eget missbruk som de har fått hjälp med.   Barn som växer upp i en dysfunktionell familj och utsätts för missbruksproblematik får diverse konsekvenser. Flertal vuxna barn till missbrukande föräldrar upplever att de hade växt upp i förtid och tog på sig den vuxnes roll. Instabila och opålitliga föräldrar gjorde att barnens tillvaro präglades av oorganiserad och komplicerad livsstil. Det ledde till att barnen kände sig ensamma och i ständig kamp om bekräftelse, någonting som följer med de till vuxen ålder. / This bachelor's thesis focuses on co-dependency from interview individual’s perspective who have their own experience in co-dependency from the childhood with one or both of their parents being dependent on alcohol or drug substance. The purpose of this thesis is to obtain an increased knowledge of the codependency phenomena based on the sociological perspective, reveal the risks of growing up in an addicted family as a co-dependent individual and how it has influenced the development of the quality of life in their adult age. Thesis consists of research studies, literature review and own empirical component which includes qualitative interviews with five cohabiting individuals, of which three have developed their own addiction they have received help for. The drawn conclusion is that co-dependency problem, just like substance abuse difficulty, is a complicated and ambiguous concept. Children who grow up in a dysfunctional family and are exposed to substance abuse problems from a young age, have different consequences. Many adult children of addicted parents experience that they were forced to grow up early and take upon the adult's role. Unstable and unreliable parents made the children's existence characterized by unorganized and complicated lifestyle where they felt alone and in constant struggle for confirmation, something that accompanies them into the adulthood.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-04T19:14:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-02-09 / Embora os tratamentos disponíveis tragam uma diminuição da gravidade dos problemas psicossociais causados pelo abuso do crack, não conseguiram até o momento “resolver” a “recaída” ao consumo da droga. Buscando ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tema, esta tese, de caráter qualitativo de pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar junto às pessoas que abusam de crack - em fase final de tratamento e que tivessem vivenciado episódios de “recaídas” -, os motivos desencadeadores desse processo. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, o campo da pesquisa se deu em três instâncias de cuidado: os Centros de Atenção Psicossociais em álcool e outras drogas (Caps AD), as Comunidades Terapêuticas (CT) e as Clínicas Médicas (CM). Foram utilizados os princípios da investigação qualitativa com amostra intencional por critérios, construída com o auxílio das informantes-chaves (gatekeepers) e entrevistas semi-estruturadas que foram aplicadas aos participantes da pesquisa. Alcançou-se através do ponto de saturação teórica, um N de 120 entrevistados divididos igualmente entre Recife - PE e São Paulo – SP considerando-se também as regiões metropolitanas. A análise de conteúdo revelou categorizações que emergiram das narrativas dos entrevistados. Didaticamente foram divididas em três blocos temáticos: motivos associados às pessoas (MP), motivos associados à droga (MD), motivos associados ao ambiente (MA). Destes, as motivações mais citadas, pertenceram à categoria dos MP, sendo bastante relevante a dificuldade e/ou inabilidade das pessoas em lidarem com suas emoções. Também foram revelados aspectos que colocam o conceito de “recaída” como inapropriado para a leitura do fenômeno à luz da Redução de Danos (RD) baseada nos Direitos Humanos (DH), considerando o princípio da recursividade como ponto de partida fundamental a um outro olhar sobre esse processo. Algumas considerações finais foram tecidas: as relações interpessoais e as consequentes frustrações das pessoas foram os motivos mais citados como desencadeadores de “recaída”, rompendo o paradigma de que as causas estariam centradas principalmente na droga; além disso, os processos intersubjetivos referentes aos movimentos recursivos das pessoas mostraram que seus aprendizados e ressignificações diante do crack são aspectos negligenciados no tratamento pelos profissionais e cuidadores, independentemente dos modelos aos quais as instâncias de cuidado estejam filiadas. Espera-se que tais achados possam contribuir para a melhoria da atenção prestada às pessoas que buscam tratamento. / Although available treatments for crack abuse reduce the gravity of the psychosocial problems caused by usage, they have not been able to solve drug abuse “relapses” until now. Hoping to increase the knowledge around the theme, this qualitative research thesis aims to investigate reasons for relapse among abusive crack users –who, in their final treatment phase have relapsed. To develop the study, the search field included three venues: the Centers of Psychosocial Attention in alcohol and other drugs (Caps AD), the Therapeutic Communities (CT) and Medical Clinics (CM). Principles of qualitative investigation were used along with samples chosen for set criteria, built with the help of the key-informants (gatekeepers), and semi-structured interviews which were applied to the research participants. Reaching a theoretical saturation point, 120 people were equally divided between the greater metropolis regions of Recife – PE and São Paulo – SP. Analysis of the content revealed categories that emerged from the interviewees’ narratives. Didactically narratives were divided into three thematic blocks: reasons associated with people (MP), reasons associated twith the drug (MD), reasons associated with the environment (MA). Within these blocks, those most reported were the ones related to the MP category, which were highly relevant to the difficulty and/or inability people have to deal with their emotions. Aspects which defined the concept of “relapse” as inappropriate also revealed the phenomenon of reading through the light of Harm Reduction based on Human Rights, considering the principle of recursivity as a fundamental starting point to another perception over the phenomenon. Some final considerations were reached: people’s interpersonal relations and the consequent frustrations were the mostly cited reasons for unleashing “relapse”, breaking the paradigm that says the causes are centered mainly on the drug itself.In addition, the intersubjective processes which refer to people’s recursive movements showed that their knowledge and resignifications over crack are neglected aspects of treatment, by professionals and caretakers, independent of the model by which care instances are affiliated. It is expected that these findings can contribute to an improvement of the attention given to crack users who search for treatment. / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações