Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literaturas, 2016. / Submitted by Camila Duarte (camiladias@bce.unb.br) on 2016-07-15T18:30:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_LucasTiagoMilhomeGalvão.pdf: 1123859 bytes, checksum: e1e070cf188e84a9701db13654ff0bf0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2017-02-14T22:02:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_LucasTiagoMilhomeGalvão.pdf: 1123859 bytes, checksum: e1e070cf188e84a9701db13654ff0bf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T22:02:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_LucasTiagoMilhomeGalvão.pdf: 1123859 bytes, checksum: e1e070cf188e84a9701db13654ff0bf0 (MD5) / Esta dissertação de mestrado tratará da obra de Mallarmé a partir de suas obras inacabadas, especialmente dos dezessete fragmentos de Épouser la notion, com o objetivo de pensar a natureza da obra literária, em aproximação com o pensamento predominantemente de Heidegger, Derrida e Levinas, sob o horizonte do que os trabalhos em torno da Ontologia, da Desconstrução e da Ética podem fazer pensar sobre a linguagem enquanto fenômeno, lugar da aporia e dom ao outro, mas sobretudo enquanto lance que não pode abolir o acaso. / This master's thesis will address Mallarme's oeuvre from his unfinished works, particularly the seventeen fragments of Épouser la notion, in order to think on the nature of literary work in closer ties with Heidegger's, Derrida's and Levinas' thought. This, from the standpoint of the work around the Ontology, Deconstruction and Ethics, may help to reflect on language as a phenomenon, a place of aporia and as a gift to the other, but chiefly as a throw of the dice that cannot abolish le hasard.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:51:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 eguchi_hc_me_bauru.pdf: 562702 bytes, checksum: d1917b1da107d4ed3c6ac1db5cfc56f7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta dissertação tenta identificar o que pode significar alguns textos escolhidos de Barthes, Derrida e Flusser para a teoria do design. Estes textos/autores a princípio está associados à linguístisca, mas é importante frisar que esta é aqui entendida como uma teoria da comunicação. O contexto pós-estruturalista destes autores aponta como uma obra depende da comunidade de falantes daquela linguagem. Ou seja, depende não só de quem contrói o discurso como também do público-alvo ao qual se destina essa produção. De modo que o significado não existiria na obra em si, mas seria uma reconstrução, talvez até co-criação posterior por parte do público. Mas, afirmar que a obra não apresenta significado em si mesmo não é afirmar que ela não significa ou que não tem valor. É afirmar que este significado e este valor são uma construção comunitária. Neste conetxto, é interessante questionar até que ponto o criador desses objetos coloca-se no lugar do público-alvo. Apesar de instável e múltiplo, o senso comum engendrado no seio dessa rede de inter-relações, a que se dá o nome de comunidade ou campo cultural, seria a base onde as ideias não construídas e reconstruídas, configuradas e reconfiguradas. Portanto o diálogo se faz necessário / Starting with studies related to poststructuralism, specially Barthes and Derrida, where linguistic can be understood as a theory of aesthetical communication, this paper tries paper tries to demonstrate how the meaning of a cultural object, that could be of art, design, archtecture, music, theatre or any other area of knowledge and expression, depends of their community of speakers. It depends not only of the author of the discourse as well as the targeted public of this production. This way, the meaning would not be a characteristic of the work itself, but a re-construction a posteriori by the reader, almost always under the influence of the specialized criticism. In this scenario it is interesting to ask how much the designer thinks on his public. Has the creator the domain of communication technics and are this technis really efficient? But to say that a work has no meaning on itself does nor mean that it has not value and that it does not mean anything. It is, to affirm that the meaning and value aqre communitarian. This responsible community would be the basis where the ideas are generated, re-generated, configured and re-configured

Por meio de uma investigação que incide sobre as práticas críticas, o trabalho apresenta uma elaboração sobre o potencial político da desconstrução para uma leitura de textos literários comprometida com reivindicações identitárias feitas às margens dos discursos hegemônicos. O gesto desconstrutivo, como proposto pelo pensador franco-argelino Jacques Derrida, desafia a estabilidade de categorias que fundamentam estes discursos, tais como “essência”, “natureza”, “origem” e outros nomes metafísicos que envolvem a idéia de identidade a si, demonstrando, desta forma, que toda estrutura é atravessada por uma falta constitutiva. Sugerindo uma noção de identidade enquanto diferença, o trabalho examina estratégias gerais da desconstrução e propõe uma análise de suas apropriações nos esforços teórico-críticos dos autores indianos Gayatri Spivak e Homi Bhabha no que diz respeito à leitura de produções textuais que articulam questões de gênero e diferença sexual e de nação e diferença cultural respectivamente. / By way of investigating critical practices, this work deploys an elaboration on the political potential of deconstruction aimed at a reading of literary texts committed to identity claims from the margins of hegemonic discourses. The deconstructive gesture, as proposed by French-Algerian thinker Jacques Derrida, challenges the stability of categories that ground these discourses, such as “essence”, “nature”, “origin”, and other metaphysical names which involve the idea of identity to itself, demonstrating, thus, that every structure is crossed by a constitutive lack. In suggesting a notion of identity as difference, this work examines general strategies of deconstruction and proposes an analysis of its appropriations by the theoreticcritical efforts of Indian authors Gayatri Spivak and Homi Bhabha in the reading of textual productions that articulate questions of gender and sexual difference, and of nation and cultural difference respectively.

This research is concerned with the assessment of student nurses' practice, implementation of which has been considered problematic since the move of initial training into higher education. It examines clinical nurses' accounts of assessment, and rejects an approach based on identification of competencies as too rationalistic for a situated practice. Insights from, in particular, Foucault, Deleuze, and Derrida were used to analyse practitioners' alternative discourse of practice, and the processes of self-constitution and decision-making. Eighteen practitioners from different settings were interviewed in depth about how they determine acceptable performance. Three participants were interviewed twice to develop ideas arising from the first round of conversations. Practitioners' accounts challenged the conventional understanding of assessment, and the construction of practice implicit in current policy. The analysis suggests a more fluid, un-predetermined understanding, characterised by hesitation and uncertainty, though without losing a concern with safe practice. Several implications for policy and practice are presented. These require a shift of authority towards practitioners' situated judgements and away from predetermined outcomes, both in respect of programme planning and policy guidelines on the specification of standards. A new alliance is proposed to encourage a more authentic engagement with the process from both clinical and educational practitioners.

This thesis explores the implications of bearing witness as testimony, and the recuperation of community and identity in the wake of exile. Through a close reading of Elie Wiesel’s The Time of the Uprooted, alongside the theories of Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy (among others), I argue that a True Testimony cannot exist, and yet despite this fact, there is a necessity to bear witness in the face of the Other. The realization suggests an imperative of a different order—one that steps back from the very notion of truth, to instead accept the impossibility of truth in any act of witnessing. By comparing Wiesel’s metaphysical framework to post-structural philosophies, I am able to blur the lines between an exile’s metaphysical feelings of isolation and strangeness from both others and themselves to the effects of recognizing and accepting that all language is différance.

En el verano de 88, el MoMA de Nueva York inauguró la exposición de arquitectura en la que se mostraban obras que revelaban la deconstrucción de la forma arquitectónica. La arquitectura que comparece en esta exposición manifiesta el agotamiento de la arquitectura tradicional: desde la moderna funcionalista hasta la postmoderna y nostálgica. Sin embargo, dicho "agotamiento" no es solamente el formal sino que, con mucha frecuencia, en la literatura arquitectónica no es más que el trasunto del agotamiento ideológico en otras áreas del saber. El fenómeno deconstructivista parece ser un "momento reflejo", una suerte de deslizamiento del ocaso de las ideologías a la arquitectura. Por tanto, puede sostenerse que "la deconstrucción arquitectónica" no hubiera sido posible, sin el decurso natural de la postmodernidad como crítica a la modernidad. Lo que sucede es que la teoría deconstructivista, que en su genealogía es postmoderna, acaba por deslegitimar incluso a la propia postmodernidad. De manera, que si la función y "el espíritu de los tiempos" tenían el carácter de fundante en la modernidad arquitectónica y la recuperación de la memoria y el significado "plurívoco y polifónico" lo eran para la postmodernidad, la deconstrucción destituye e inhabilita en cierto modo a ambas a la vez. Cualquier categoría fundante sobre la que se pueda sostener fiablemente una estructura del saber es tildada de intencionada, contaminante, prejuiciosa. Junto a esta situación de crítica y desembalaje de los criterios tradicionales de racionalidad, se advierte en clara sintonía con el mundo literario, la imposibilidad de alcanzar un significante que refiera unívocamente y en estado puro a un significado. No hay posibilidad de dar con el significante perfecto. Siempre remite a otro y después a otro, en un proceso sin fin que nos hace dudar de la posibilidad de dar con el significado verdadero de las cosas y a la postre con lo que las cosas son. El propio lenguaje está viciado y esta contaminació / García Sánchez, R. (2007). Una revisión de "la deconstrucción postmoderna" en arquitectura [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/3448 / Palancia

The concept or phenomenon od performativity occurs in different forms or terms in many humanity studies, especially in the second half of the 20th century. It interferes with linguistics, philosophy of thought, narratology, gender and cultural studies and even with epistemology and ethics. The notion of performativity appeared in philosophy and linguistics for the first time along with J. L. Austin's speech and perfomative acts. The first one describes the situation, the second one generates the situation. J. Derrida pointed out that the realization of speech acts and communication are not so obvious and depend on performance that maintains their status and identity. J. Derrida furthermore shows that performance does not only appear in the literary field; the law is for example performative in the sense that it sets itself up by a speech act. M. Foucault was interested of the role of performativity within a socially organized body and subjectivity. The performance of language and discourse is also essential in J. Butler's work which follows M. Foucault or J. Derrida and describes mechanisms for establishing gender subjectivity and physicality. She claims that the body is created simultaneously by the linguistic naming which it decribes. Butler writes up the process of gender differentiaton as...

This study explores the nature of writing and the sorts of presence that writing gives us access to. This understanding of writing includes not only all speaking and all writing in the narrow sense of marks on a page, but goes beyond this to include the sense in which Derrida uses the term ‘writing’ in Of Grammatology, to mean a broad and complex process of the construction of textual traces or presences necessarily brought about through the structural mechanism of difference inherent in the writing process (Derrida, 1997). This study argues that writing is a system that creates Subjects or selves as the writing happens. It suggests that writing is a remarkable site from which to explore the construction of selves, because it gives us access to (partially) identifiable presences, in the apparent absence of the writer. It goes on to demonstrate that this identity can be distinguished through written traces of difference left for the reader to decipher, by analysing different aspects of the plot and writing devices in Peter Greenaway’s film The Pillow Book and in Kafka’s short story In the Penal Colony. These two texts are considered particularly relevant to this study, in that they both explicitly deal with the contradictory nature of writing and how it relates to the Being (there or the contextualised Being of Dasein) and being (in general), the life and death, the empowerment and destruction of the Subjects that writing sets up. Both texts explore salient aspects of writing on the human body. The study uses these texts as a platform for speculation about the kind of presence that can be traced through writing, and proposes that the written Subject is multiple, contradictory and reflexive, connected and related, and that it is impermanent and has a deferred presence. Finally, this written Subject is also explored in the context of Foucault’s expositions of the self in texts such as Technologies of the self (Foucault, 1994) and ‘What is an Author?’ (Foucault, 1977) in answer to his question Who are we in the present, what is this fragile moment from which we can’t detach our identity and which will carry our identity away with itself? (Foucault, 1994:xviii) Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Philosophy / unrestricted

This dissertation examines the writings of three seminal twentieth century thinkers, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Theodor W. Adorno, and Jacques Derrida, through the lens of their encounter with the post-Shoah poetry of Paul Celan. These thinkers are associated with influential, competing movements in twentieth century literary theory: philosophical hermeneutics, critical theory, and deconstruction. The three philosophers have disparate biographies and political orientations, yet each championed the ambiguity of literary language as a bulwark against the problematic, even violent, certainties of quotidian language. Additionally, each of them regarded Celan as an exemplar of a salutary literary ambivalence. This project clarifies how the critics’ approaches to literature, honed through consideration of a survivor-poet, represent an attempt to come to terms with the catastrophic violence of the Holocaust. While perceptive in their readings of Celan’s poetry, each sought to secure trans-historical insights into the nature of human language, a task that risks effacing the ‘real’ historical and experiential specificity of Celan’s writing. Celan readings are thus a case study for understanding philosophical contemporaries’ treatment of literary texts and their relationship to contemporaneous history. By looking at these varied theorists in tandem and by showing how Celan’s poetry both informs and resists their ideas, this dissertation cultivates a method of reading that is adaptable and not beholden to one tradition. Treating what the thinkers neglect, new readings emerge that explore Celan’s allusions to the Hebrew Bible, Jewish ritual, and antisemitism. Celan’s poetry animates multiple, conflicting interpretive traditions, yet questions, in its testimonial character, the adequacy of a theoretical approach to literature.

In contemporary, French phenomenology, a debate has arisen concerning whether phenomenology can allow for a certain kind of “theological” consideration. In particular, Jean-Luc Marion argues that the potential of the reduction has not been fully explored and that a full reduction to pure givenness in fact allows one to give an account of the paradoxical experience of the impossible beyond experience, which is described as a phenomenon of revelation and may include a Revelation of God. Marion’s claims have been considered contentious. As I interpret it, the debate plays out between 1) those who also admit that phenomenology can occasion a form of “theological” consideration, but maintain, unlike Marion, that it remains a more existential affirmation of the impossible beyond experience, represented by Jacques Derrida and John Caputo, and 2) those who refuse any role for this impossible beyond experience within phenomenology (and perhaps more generally), and insist that phenomenology be preserved as an essentialist science of the appearances, represented by Dominique Janicaud. I take the positions of Derrida and Caputo, on the one hand, and Janicaud, on the other, to each entail extreme consequences that ought to be avoided—the former resulting in a form of irrationalism and the latter converting phenomenology into a form of pragmatism. Furthermore, I find Marion’s basic claim, that the impossible beyond experience ought to have a role in shaping finite experience, to be worth investigating further. However, Marion concedes too much to the deconstructive position of Derrida and Caputo at the outset, and so I find that the philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer provides an opportunity to correct some of the deficiencies in Marion’s position, but also argue to a similar end as he does. I find that Gadamer’s position incorporates an implicit analogical structure between rational experience and the impossible, thereby permitting one to maintain the impossible as impossible, but also affirm a certain possibility for understanding it.