Relatively common factors that lead to reduced well-being and a poor work environment are the experience of lack of variation and lack of development at work. An attempt to solve this work environment problem is internal mobility. The aim of the present study was to examine municipal employees’ experience of internal mobility and its possible outcome on job satisfaction at the workplace. A qualitative interview study was conducted with seven employees who performed one or more voluntary internal job transfers in a medium-sized municipality. The employees were interviewed with a semi-structured interview guide which then was analyzed with a thematic analysis. The employees experience of internal mobility and job satisfaction resulted in four themes: the workplace as a social network, safety challenges to thrive at work, motivation and meaningfulness and the balance between inner and outer circumstances. The results have been discussed mainly in relation to the employees experience of control and support, variation, competency, autonomy, motivation, meaningfulness, setting boundaries and group dynamics. Theories that mainly captured these were self-determination theory demand-control-support-model. Connections were also made to Hackman and Oldhams theory of motivation. The conclusions drawn were that internal mobility can increase employees’ development and increase their feelings of competency, autonomy, motivation and give a better work-life-balance which in turn can increase their job satisfaction. / Relativt vanliga faktorer som leder till minskad trivsel och dålig arbetsmiljö är upplevelsen av brist på variation och avsaknad av utveckling i arbetet. Ett försök till lösning på detta arbetsmiljöproblem är intern rörlighet. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka kommunanställdas upplevelse av intern rörlighet och dess möjliga inverkan på arbetstillfredsställelse på arbetsplatsen. En kvalitativ intervjustudie genomfördes med sju anställda som utfört ett eller fler frivilliga interna jobbyten i en medelstor kommun. För intervjuerna användes en semistrukturerad intervjuguide, som sedan analyserades enligt tematisk analysmetod. Intervjupersonernas upplevelse av intern rörlighet och arbetstillfredsställelse resulterade i fyra teman: jobbet som social plattform, trygghetsutmaning och utveckling, motivation och meningsfullhet samt balansgången mellan inre och yttre omständigheter. Resultatet diskuterades främst i relation till medarbetarnas upplevelse av kontroll och stöd, variation, kompetens, autonomi, motivation, meningsfullhet, gränsdragning och gruppdynamik. Teorier som huvudsakligen fångade detta var självbestämmandeteorin, krav-kontroll-stöd modellen, work-life balance och känsla av sammanhang. Vidare har även kopplingar kunnat göras till Hackman och Oldhams motivationsteori. Slutsatserna som drogs var att intern rörlighet kan bidra till utveckling och öka anställdas känsla av kompetens, autonomi, motivation och ge bättre work-life-balance, vilket i sin tur kan öka deras arbetstillfredsställelse.

FAKTORER HOS SJUKSKÖTERSKAN SOM PÅVERKAR PATIENTENS FÖRTROENDE OCH TRYGGHETSKÄNSLAEn intervjustudieCaroline FranssonSara PerssonFransson, C & Persson, S. Faktorer hos sjuksköterskan som påverkar patientens förtroende och trygghetskänsla. En intervjustudie. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 10 poäng. Malmö högskola: Hälsa och Samhälle, Utbildningsområde omvårdnad, 2005.Syftet: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa vilka faktorer (inre och yttre) hos sjuksköterskan som påverkar patientens förtroende och trygghetskänsla i omvårdnaden. Frågeställningarna lyder: Hur kan sjuksköterskan göra för att få patientens förtroende och känsla av trygghet? På vilket sätt påverkas förtroendet och trygghetskänslan utav sjuksköterskans bemötande? Har sjuksköterskans personliga utseende och stil någon betydelse för patienten? I denna undersökning menar författarna att yttre faktorer är t ex smycken, smink, frisyr och tatueringar. De inre faktorerna syftar mer på sjuksköterskans bemötande mot patienten. Metod: Studien var en kvalitativ empirisk intervjustudie som utfördes på sex inneliggande patienter över 60 år. Materialet bearbetades och analyserades genom kategorisering. Resultat: Resultatet av studien visar bland annat att patientens förtroende och trygghetskänsla påverkas till stor del utav sjuksköterskans inre respektive yttre faktorer. Det som påverkar patientens förtroende och trygghetskänsla är främst de inre faktorerna så som bemötandet.Nyckelord: bemötande, förtroende, personlig stil, sjuksköterska, trygghet / FACTORS IN NURSES THAT INFLUENCE THE PATIENTS TRUST AND FEELING OF SECURITYAn interview studyCaroline FranssonSara PerssonFransson, C & Persson, S. Factors in nurses that influence the patients trust and feeling of security. An interview study. Degree project, 10 Credit Points. Nursing Program, Malmö University: Health and Society, Department of Nursing, 2005.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to shed light on what factors (internal and external) the nurse has that influence the patients trust and feeling of security while in their care. The Posed Questions: What can the nurse do to gain the patients trust and feeling of security? In what ways are trust and feeling of security affected by the nurse’s personal approach? Does the nurse’s personal appearance and style have any significant influence on the patient? In this study, the authors exemplify external factors as jewellery, make-up, hair style and tattoos. The internal factors are referring to the nurse’s behaviour towards the patient. Method: The study is an empirical qualitative interview study that was conducted with six inpatients above the age of 60. The material was processed and analysed through categorisation. Results: The findings showed that the patients trust and feelings of security are largely of both by the nurse’s internal and external factors. The main influences on the patient’s trust and feeling of security are the internal factors, such as personal approach by the nurse.Keywords: feeling of security, nurse, personal approach, personal style, trust

Throughout my years of architecture education I have become more and more aware that we are connected with architecture from the very first moments of our life. Architecture, an important part of our environment, affects our experiences, feelings, memories, and ultimately the decisions we make. To exploring the connection between architecture and the human experience was the intention for my thesis. Whether positive or negative, everything created or done by man has an affect on his environment. Some people are more aware of their architectural environment some are less but at the end we all life with it and have at least an unconscious impression of it. Based on these impressions and the consciously experienced details of our environment, of events we have feelings and make judgments and decisions. The nice dinner on a Friday night which makes you feel comfortable and good, it is a result of the whole environment of the place where you have dinner. Not only the room temperature, your company, your table neighbors, the restaurant staff, the expectations of the coming weekend but more important the dimensions of the space that make it feel grand or intimate, the way sound sticks to the walls or bounces off them giving life to the space, or the way a single beam of light can show you the beauty of colors and materials. / Master of Architecture

This dissertation examines the claim that, unlike utilitarianism and deontology, virtue ethics ascribes a positive role to emotions in moral evaluation by taking them as the constituents of moral goodness and moral value. I wish to identify the limit and scope of this claim and to show what kind of emotion theory is suitable for explaining the essential features of virtue ethics. To do so, I defend some kind of cognitivism, the cognitive-affective theory of emotion, as the most suitable theory for virtue ethics. I argue that the moral significance that virtue ethicists assign to emotions can only be explained by such a holistic and non-reductionist account of emotions. In order to demonstrate how the virtue ethicists&rsquo / positive treatment of emotions with respect to moral evaluations works in theory, I have looked at Aristotle&rsquo / s theory of emotions and ethics, paying special attention to his notion of the &lsquo / mean relative to us.&rsquo / We shall see that the &lsquo / mean relative to us,&rsquo / which entails the existence of suitable emotions being felt by the moral agent, is justified on the basis of such an idea. The other main purpose of this dissertation is to examine whether Kant&rsquo / s ethics is compatible with virtue ethics. My interpretation is that Kant&rsquo / s position on emotions oscillates between the negative and the instrumentalist view, while Aristotle&rsquo / s view is moralist. I will argue that even the most celebrated Kantian feeling of respect does not fall under the moralist position. Although Kant recognizes emotions as morally relevant in the determination of duties of virtue, the kind of roles he assigns to them are merely aesthetic, instrumental, or ornamental and regulative, all of which are secondary to pure practical reason. But, in virtue ethics, emotions and feelings play actual causative roles. They can both influence and be influenced from reason in the determination of virtuous actions / they are therefore both causally active and morally valuable in moral actions.

In today’s globalized world leaving one’s country of origin to move abroad has become more common,which often results in families and loved ones living apart from each other. This qualitative study aimsto explore professional women’s experiences of living abroad and their ways of coping with being awayfrom their loved ones. The study relies on theoretical concepts and prior research on transnationalfamilies, the sense of home and identity, guilt and coping strategies when longing for loved ones. Inaddition, the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for travel has also beentaken into account. The primary data for thisstudy is based on ten semi-structured interviews with womenthat have been living and working or studying in Sweden for over a year, with loved ones abroad. Thedata is analyzed by a relational and partly narrative analysis and the study has been done from a feministperspective. The results show that moving abroad has impacted individual relationships with loved ones.Our participants expressed longing for physical co-presence with their loved ones, although they weremostly satisfied with their current situation. As our interviews showed, COVID-19 has not significantlyaffected their relationships with loved ones abroad, since the women have already been living apart -some of them quite long distances. In addition to the results the discussion will focus on key issuesencountered during the study, its limitations, strengths and suggestions for further research. / I denna globaliserade värld har det blivit mer vanligt att lämna sitt hemland och flytta utomlands, ochdärmed inte bo nära sina nära och kära. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att få en djupare förståelseför kvinnor som bor i ett annat land än deras nära och kära och hur de hanterar det. Studien är baserad påteoretiska koncept och tidigare forskning om transnationella familjer, flyttens inverkan på identiteten ochatt känna sig hemma, skulden av att bo på avstånd och strategier för att klara av att ha sina nära och kärapå avstånd. Detta sätts i perspektivet till den rådande COVID-19 pandemin och de begränsningar, inombland annat resande, som det innebär. Studiens primärdata baseras på tio semistrukturerade intervjuermed kvinnor som bott och jobbat eller studerat i Sverige i minst ett år och har sina nära och kärautomlands. En relationell analysmetod kombineras med narrativ analys och studien har en feministiskutgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att kvinnornas flytt utomlands har påverkat deras relationer med nära ochkära. Deltagarna i studien uttryckte en längtan efter fysisk samvaro med nära och kära i deras hemländer,men ansåg sig mestadels nöjda med deras rådande situation. Det framkom i våra intervjuer att COVID19 pandemin inte hade någon större inverkan på kvinnornas relationer med nära och kära, då de redanbefann sig på ett längre geografiskt avstånd. Utöver resultatet lyfter diskussionen viktiga frågor sompåträffades under studien, styrkor och svagheter samt förslag på vidare forskning.

Background. Long-term sick leave is one of the main risk factors for permanent exit out of the labour market. The longer the duration of sickness absence, the less likely sick leave conclusion. Objectives and Methods. The aims were to analyse possible determinants of sick leave conclusion and their relative impacts, to analyse the properties of two models for the assessment of sick leave conclusion, to study the impact of a multidisciplinary vocational intervention for sick leave conclusion in a high-risk group for long-term sick leave compared to a matched-control group, and to compare the patients’ own assessment on chance to sick leave conclusion within 6 months with the assessment of a team of rehabilitation professionals. A prospective cohort study of 943 patients aged 18 to 63 years, sickness certified at a Primary Health Care Centre in Sweden during 8 months in 2004, and follow-up for three years. Results. Significant determinants increasing time to sick leave conclusion were number of sick leave days the year before baseline, age and a psychiatric diagnosis (F in ICD-10). Concordance between actual sick leave conclusion and that predicted by a computer-based model was 73-76% during the first 28-180 days in a manual model, and approximately 10% units higher in a computer based model. Three nomograms provided detailed information on the probability on sick leave conclusion. Before intervention started, the rehabilitation group had a 73% higher sick leave conclusion rate than the control group but during the rehabilitation programme period, a 51% lower conclusion rate, and after there were no significant differences between the groups. The patients’ and the rehabilitation teams’ assessment scores were highly correlated (r=0.49).   Conclusions. Previous sick leave was the most influential variable associated with sick leave conclusion. A computer- based assessment model gave more detailed information on sick leave conclusion than a manual model. A multidisciplinary intervention declined sick leave in a high-risk group for long-term sick leave but after intervention there was no difference between groups. Patients’ own view on sick leave conclusion was highly correlated to the assessment of professionals’.

Denna studie har haft som mål att undersöka hur tjänstemän inom myndigheterarbetar med sina känslor, inom deras arbete med enskilda individer, som ofta är iutsatta situationer. Vi vill med detta kunna svara på frågeställningar kring hurdessa tjänstemän arbetar med sina emotioner, men även om det kan uppståmotstridiga krav i arbetet och hur eventuella konsekvenser av dessa hanteras.Arbetet presenteras som kvalitativt, och har inslag av både deduktivt ochinduktivt tillvägagångssätt, med infallsvinklar av socialkonstruktivism ochhermeneutiska tankegångar. I utförandet av studien har vi använt oss av en semistrukturerad intervjuform med sammanlagt tio respondenter från tre olikamyndigheter, vilka är Arbetsförmedlingen, Socialförvaltningen ochSocialpsykiatrin. I arbetet har en bild av tjänstemannen växt fram, där det finnsbehov av att finna balans mellan empati och distansering gentemot enskildaindivider. Förutom detta framställs den administrativa delen som något somtynger ner motivationen och skapar stress, medan det kollegiala stödet ger enpositiv inverkan på arbetet. / This study has had its goal to see how official workers within governmentexercise of public authority, work with their emotions, when meeting withpeople in difficult circumstances. The aim is then to be able to answer suchquestions as “how do official workers deal with their emotions?”, but also ifthere can be cases where conflicts might occur within the worker and how theyhandle such consequences. This study is of quality nature, with hints of bothdeduction and induction practice, with social constructivism as approach andhermeneutics perspective. In the empirical gathering of information we haveused semi-structured interviews with a total of ten informants from threedifferent government organizations, consisting of Employment service, Socialservice center and Social psychiatry. Through this work a clearer portrait of theofficial worker has appeared, as a human in great need to find a balance betweenempathy and distance towards individuals. Apart from this the administrativepart of the work is what’s experienced as the anchor that weighs downmotivation and creates stress, while the positive aspect against this is with thesupport that comes from co-workers.

In the thesis the aim is to investigate different aspects of what teachers value when grading in Swedish physical education (PE) and to analyses how sociological background factors impact students’ grades. Grades in PE have included aspects other than those prescribed in the grading criteria, for instance motivation and effort. Teachers sometimes find their value-setting difficult to articulate and refer to a “gut feeling”. In order to explore both explicit and implicit forms of value-setting, the Repertory Grid interview technique is employed. The thesis includes four sub-studies, three interview studies with Swedish PE teachers and a fourth study based on registry data from the Swedish National Agency for Education. The data of all students leaving nine-year compulsory school in 2014 (n=95317) is analysed to explore how sociological background factors, such as migration background, parents’ education, school provider and gender, affect PE grades. The results reveal aspects of grading that are not detectable in the official description of the grading assignment and highlight problems that teachers need to address when grading. Four themes are discerned in the teachers’ grading practices: motivation, knowledge, confidence and social skills. The implementation of a new national curriculum with specified knowledge requirements seems to improve the alignment with the national criteria, but there is still a gap between policy and practice. The knowledge requirements for movement are often interpreted as performances in competitive sports, even if the teachers try to find other interpretations. The odds ratio for getting a higher grade in PE is greater for the variables migration background and parents’ education than for the other investigated variables. The concepts formulated by Bernstein are applied to explore the relations between teachers’ grading practices and cultural and political influences and to discuss how the tensions between different interests could affect teachers’ grading. The conclusion is that the gap between policy and practice confirmed in this study is related to tensions between the interests and purposes of different agents, all of whom strive to influence steering documents and practice. Cultural and political influences need to be considered and facilitate discussions about how to understand which knowledge is valued in PE and who has better possibilities to assimilate it. / Forskningslinjen Utbildning

Summary: The goal of the thesis is to create an educational project for pupils of 4th and 5th grade of primary school which introduces them to Hosptial Kuks - a unique Baroque monument in Eastern Bohemia. The main aim of the project is to support students' social abilities and field knowledge with the original intention of the founder - social care in the 18th century; students then develop their own foundation based on the gained information and knowledge.

[pt] Apesar de ser um tema pouco divulgado tanto publicamente quanto dentro da própria classe musical, é grande o número de músicos que sofre com dores, desconfortos e até mesmo lesões e outros problemas de saúde decorrentes da atividade musical. A respeito disso se têm observado, nas últimas décadas, um crescente interesse de pesquisadores, principalmente da área da saúde, o que faz com que já existe uma considerável bibliografia sobre o assunto. Entretanto, ainda existem muitas lacunas de conhecimento que precisam ser preenchidas a fim de tornar a prática musical (profissional ou não) menos prejudicial à saúde de seus praticantes. Esta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, investiga o tema numa amostra de 39 músicos instrumentistas da cidade de Manaus, dando ênfase às questões emocionais envolvidas na prática e sobre como elas podem interferir na percepção desses constrangimentos por parte dos indivíduos. Um dos pontos centrais abordados é a questão de que a prática musical seria uma situação favorável à ocorrência do estado de flow (CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, 1997), o que justificaria o fato de muitos músicos nem perceberem as dores e desconfortos durante a execução das atividades. Foi aplicado junto a esses respondentes um instrumento de coleta de dados composto de quatro partes: um questionário com informações gerais sobre a prática musical e os constrangimentos; um processo de ordenação de cartões com emoções/sentimentos presentes na prática; uma série de escalas de avaliação tratando do estado de flow e da cultura da dedicação presente no meio musical; e uma entrevista final visando ter opiniões mais aprofundadas dos músicos a respeito do tema tratado. Os dados coletados foram cruzados e analisados e os resultados apontam, entre outras coisas, que a prática musical, dentro dessa amostra, apresenta características similares às encontradas nas ocorrências do estado de flow e ainda contam da importância das questões emocionais na prática, de acordo com a opinião dos músicos participantes. / [en] Despite being a little divulged issue both publicly and within the musical class, is high the number of musicians who suffer from pains, discomforts and even injuries and other health problems associated with the musical activity. About this, have been observed in recent decades, a growing interest from researchers, especially in the health area, which means there is already a considerable literature on the subject. However, there are still many knowledge gaps that need to be filled in order to make the musical practice (professional or not) less harmful.This study, which has an exploratory character, investigates this issue with a sample of 39 instrumentalists from Manaus, emphasizing the emotional aspects involved in the practice and how they can interfere in the perception of the constraints of these individuals. One of the main points discussed is that musical practice would be a favorable situation to occurrence of flow state (CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, 1997) what could justify the fact that many musicians don’t even realize the pain and injuries during the execution of the activity. It was applied at these respondents an instrument of data collection consisted on four parts: a questionnaire with general information about musical practice and constraints; a process of ordination of cards containing emotions/feelings involved in the practiced; a series of assessments scales about the flow state and about the dedication culture that exists in the musical environment; and a final interview seeking for more deeper opinions from musicians about the issue. The collected data were crossed and analyzed and the results indicate, among other conclusions, that musical practice from this sample, has similar characteristics from other where flow state is found, and still contain the importance of emotional matters in the practice, according to the participants musicians.