On the first of October 2012 the media reported that the women in the Ikea catalogue had been airbrushed in the Saudi edition. Initially the blame was put on either the Saudi government the Islamic culture or the Saudi franchise. In the end it was revealed that the Swedish company Inter Ikea Systems had the full responsibility for Ikeas actions and therefore was the culprit behind the airbrushing. On whose initiative or why the airbrushing was done the media never found out. These are answers only Ikea has, although they remain unresponsive to these questions throughout the news portrayal. This study methodology uses a qualitative content analysis as framework to further investigate the news media with support of theoretical perspectives such as media theory, power relations and cultural differences. Other theoretical themes included in this case study are gender, hegemony and discourse analysis. This study therefore investigates how the presentation of news shape and frame news in the way that they do from the basis of cultural values and power relations. The study shows that the perspectives we have of other cultures in some way are preconceptions that is shaped by the media and society. Furthermore the news media demonstrate within this discourse that discrimination and inequalities are a portrayal that is easy to apply on others but difficult to criticize within our own culture. With that said, the construction of the news portrayal and the concept of power relations will always be dependent on context and cultural values, therefore the news media portrayal will remain a complex subject.

In this thesis, in which I use the stand-alone paper format, I employ a Foucauldian lens to examine Alberta’s Future Leaders (AFL), an Aboriginal youth leadership development program. In the first paper, I identify how power relations shape AFL, including its ambitions and struggles towards developing sustainable programming. In the second paper, I examine AFL’s cross-cultural approach to mentorship and the ways in which failing to address issues of culture (re)produces colonial relations of power. Overall, my findings highlight the importance of recognizing and problematizing the power relations at work within Aboriginal youth leadership development initiatives.

Violence is put in a specific context when the police are the perpetrator of violence rendering violence possibly legitimate through sovereignty. The possibility of legitimization of police violence raises important questions of how such violence is legitimized and how resistance is conceived of and defined. I have interviewed seven people in Sweden from different backgrounds, all of whom share the experience of having been subjugated to police violence, including threats, harassments and physical violence.This paper analyzes the performativity of police violence through the relations between police violence, power, sovereignty, subjectstatus and resistance, in order to understand how police violence is being legitimized and to understand its consequenses with respect to those subjugated to it. I’ve also analyzed if this violence is being politicized and, in that case, how politicization is made possible. Performativity implies an understanding where those relations aswell as understandings of it are framing which actions are made possible and rendered real while those very actions themselves also animates those understandings. Those framings are to be understood as neither unambiguous nor ever-lasting.In order to analyze power relations considerate of different backgrounds and experiences where the relationship between the police and those who are subjected to police violence aren’t formulated in political terms I’ve chosen to analyze power relations through subjectstatus and sovereignty. Subjectstatus signifies to which extent we are acknowledged as subjects and thus granted raison d’être through such status. Sovereignty is understood as the power structure giving meaning to the police actions of violence. Thus, I am not analyzing structures of power or identity such as class and gender. Instead I analyze to what extent we are acknowledged as subjects through the concept of subjectstatus where for instance gender and class may be included.The perception of yourself through others is of significance for the risk of being subjected to police violence where the very experience of being violated carry consequences for how we are perceived. Legitimized police violence in itself denies victimstatus to those being violated, thus explaining why the victims of police violence are seldom seen as subjugated to violence. The possibility of police violence being rendered legitimate are materialized through sovereignty where police violence can be understood as a way of outlining the boundaries through which sovereignty acknowledges some subjects the freedom from violence in ambiguous ways.A subject wielding resistance can be conceived of as being in a subject-position, rendering police violence legitimate. The very acts of police violence carry the power to define what is to be understood as resistance. Such subject-positions are advantageous to the police since they entail the possibility of rendering police violence legitimate when someone who is violated by the police can be construed as wielding resistance after the violations. Thus police violence and sovereignty entail their own prerequisites for being rendered real. When the framings of police violence are being materialized through that very violence they can be understood as hegemonic, making police violence hard to politicize. / <p>Masteruppsats i genusvetenskap</p>

Casablanca was long time perceived as laboratory for European architects to experiment with modernist mass housing. Yet, the spatial structure has since then been considerably transformed and appropriated by the inhabitants to respond to the requirements and aspirations of everyday life. The neighbourhood Hay Hassani has experienced substantial change since its construction in 1958-62, initiated by its residents. This paper aims to explore the inhabitants’ underlying reasons and means to adapt their dwellings, and further to provide perspectives into the logics behind these bottom-up, informal transformations. Applying phronetic planning research, an empirical case study has been carried out in Hay Hassani, which provides detailed narratives of the ways in which power and values are at work and with what consequences to whom. The findings indicate that multiple economic, socio-demographic, and cultural aspects are decisive dynamics that trigger the motivation or urge to adapt the original modernist architecture. While identifying the (f)actors of importance and drawing their power relations, the research reveals that because of reduced architectural, economic , institutional-political, and social barriers the inhabitants have been able to transform their built environment significantly. The present study highlights that questions of values, judgement, and power relations are central to understand and deal with the bottom-up transformation processes in the spatial development. / Migration as Inspiration (The Netherlands)

I denna uppsats ville vi undersöka hur den samiska kulturen representeras inom turism I Sverige. Vi utgick från fyra relevanta teman; dessa var autenticitet, identitet, makt och turism. Frågeställningarna var: Hur framställs den samiska kulturen i turismsammanhang i Sápmi? Hur påverkas den samiska identiteten av hur kulturen framställs inom turismnäringen? Hur mycket får samerna själva vara med och bestämma när det kommer till hur kulturen framställs inom turismnäringen?   Vi började med att se över den samiska befolkningens historia. Det är viktigt att förstå hur de har behandlats förr för att kunna förstå varför saker och ting är som de är idag. Teorierna som användes i denna studie hanterar frågor om kulturell representation inom turism, vad det gör med människors identitet samt vad som verkligen menad med autentisk representation. En del teorier är också knutna till maktrelationer, vilket uttrycks i ämnen som handlar om ”Vi” kontra ”Dem”. Dessa teorier utgör en lins som ger en djupare och bredare förståelse av de problem som lyfts och kontextualiseras i den empiriska delen av uppsatsen.   Vi samlade in vårt empiriska data genom intervjuer med människor involverade i turismindustrin. Vi gjorde även en kompletterande strukturerad observation genom att besöka några samiska utställningar och museum.   En viktig slutsats som vi kom fram till är att den samiska befolkningen vill och måste bli mer involverade i hur de representeras av turismindustrin. Samisk turism kan bli en stor inkomstkälla för samerna men de behöver mer statlig finansiering. Förståelsen för kulturen är idag relativt liten, delvis på grund av att industrier som turism ofta använder en stereotypisk bild när de framhäver samer. Mycket kan därför fortfarande göras när det kommer till kulturell representation.

Mitt syfte med denna studie är att bidra med kunskap hur förskollärarna på en åldershomogen förskola arbetar med barns delaktighet och inflytande, hur arbetet skiljer sig för de olika åldersgrupperna och hur förskollärarna kopplar sitt arbete till läroplanen. Jag har använt mig av intervjuer med fyra förskollärare samt en förskolechef på en åldershomogen förskola för att besvara mina frågeställningar. Resultatet av min undersökning visar att förskollärarna lägger stor vikt vid att barnen ska få delaktighet och inflytande över sin vardag på förskolan. Detta gör de genom att synliggöra det enskilda barnet med hjälp av den pedagogiska dokumentationen. Därefter anpassas verksamhetens arbetssätt och miljö efter de behov samt intressen som barnen visat uttryck för. Detta ansåg förskollärarna hade blivit lättare efter att de börjat med åldershomogena barngrupper till skillnad från när man hade arbetat med åldrarna 1-5. / The purpose of this study is to bring further knowledge into how educators in homogeneous pre-schools work with children's participation as well as their ability to influence their daily school life. The study will also identify what the differences are for different age groups and how educators connect their work with the curriculum. The results have been accumulated by interviewing four educators and a principal in a homogeneous pre-school. The results of the study show that the educators believe that it is important for children to participate and have a say in day to day pre-school life. The use of pedagogical documentation is a tool used to help notice every individual child. Through this documentation they are able to adjust their way of working, the education level and the surrounding environment to cater to the children's interests and needs. The results also show that the educators found it easier to include a child's needs and interests when working with children of the same age.

Darbe atlikta teorinė galių santykių kaip socialinės pedagogikos objekto pedagoginio psichologinio vertinimo kontekste analizė Iškelta hipotezė, kad psichopedagoginio vertinimo procese vyraujantys galių santykiai yra nelygiaverčiai, kur priimant sprendimus dominuoja specialistų pozicija, o tėvai lieka tik jų vykdytojai. Tyrime, kurio tikslas- atskleisti ugdymo dalyvių (PPT, mokyklų specialistų, tėvų,) galių santykių ypatumus, psichopedagoginiame vertinimo procese bei socialinio pedagogo vaidmenį galių santykių valdyme, duomenys buvo renkami naudojantis pusiau struktūruotu kokybiniu interviu ir struktūruota kiekybine apklausa (anketa). Kokybiniai duomenys buvo apdoroti taikant aprašomosios analizės metodą, o kiekybiniai – naudojant neparametrinį Kruskal-Wallis testą bei aprašomąją statistiką (procentus) . Tyrime dalyvavo PPT specialistai, vidurinių, pagrindinių bei pradinių mokyklų specialistai, pedagogai ir tėvai iš visos Lietuvos. Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjami galių santykiai psichopedagoginiame vertinimo procese Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Galių santykiai visuomet egzistuoja tarpasmeniniuose santykiuose ir žalingi tampa, kai yra nelygiaverčiai. Tokia situacija išryškėja psichopedagoginiame vaiko vertinime, kur vyrauja specialisto-kliento santykių tipas. 2. Labiausiai galių santykiai atsiskleidžia kategorijose: vertinimas kaip situacijos ir dalyvių poreikių analizė; vertinimas kaip vaiko savybių analizė; PPT teikiamos pagalbos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The paper deals with the theoretical analysis of the power relations as an object of the social pedagogic in the context of psychopedagogical assessment. Hypothesis: power relations in the process of psychopedagogical assessment are unequal where the position of specialist is described as prevailing and parents remain passive hand of decision realization. The purpose of the paper is to reveal peculiarities of power relations in process of psychopedagogical assessment from positions of education participants (parents, school specialists and psychological pedagogical service (PPS) specialists) and also to define the role of social pedagogue as a power relation’s manager in this process. Data was collected by using semi structured qualitative interview and structured quantitative inquiry (questionnaire). Qualitative data were worked up by structured content analysis and described by using narrative research method. Quantitative data were worked up by using non-parameter Kruskal-Wallis test and descriptive statistics (percents). The participants of research were specialists from pedagogical psychological service (N= 171), specialists and pedagogues from mainstream schools (N=429) and parents from all Lithuania whose children were clients of PPS and went through psychopedagogical assessment (N=109). There were school specialists (N=40) and parents (N=40) who took part qualitative interview. The most important empirical conclusions that were drawn are: q Power relations... [to full text]

Syftet med denna essä är att undersöka frågor kopplade till samlingens roll på förskolan och det dilemma som pedagoger ställs inför då barn inte vill delta. Det undersökningsmaterial som essän utgår från är en självupplevd samlingssituation, skriven som en berättelse. Denna situation är komplex och väcker många frågor. Essäns huvudfråga är: Hur kan man som pedagog förhålla sig till när barn inte vill delta i samlingen? I denna text kan man läsa om samlingens roll i förskolan, både ur ett historiskt och ett pedagogiskt perspektiv. Hur kommer det sig att samlingen har blivit ett sådant självklart inslag i förskolans verksamhet? Ett tema i texten är makt samt hur maktrelationen ser ut mellan pedagog och barn. Essän utforskar även vilka möjligheter barnen ges till inflytande i samlingen, samt hur man som pedagog kan arbeta mer inkluderande. Essän behandlar även frågor kring normer och etik. Michel Foucault, Jesper Juul, Jan-Olav Henriksen och Arne Johan Vetlesen är några av de personer som essän inspirerats av i de teoretiska utgångspunkterna.

Submitted by Juliana Cristina da Fonseca Baptistini null (1301357@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-01-24T01:00:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaBaptistini-Dissertação-VersãoFinal.pdf: 7753409 bytes, checksum: 80ecd616246c5b1a033543af2d1fd251 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Aparecida Matias null (alinematias@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-01-24T10:14:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 baptistini_jcf_me_arafcl.pdf: 7753409 bytes, checksum: 80ecd616246c5b1a033543af2d1fd251 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T10:14:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 baptistini_jcf_me_arafcl.pdf: 7753409 bytes, checksum: 80ecd616246c5b1a033543af2d1fd251 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-07 / Os blogs como fenômeno contemporâneo disponibilizam recursos para o registro de expressões a bel-prazer; modos de pensar apresentados podem ser conhecidos a partir de discursos textuais publicados em espaços reservados aos comentários. Neste contexto, sob o prisma dos resquícios históricos das desigualdades de direitos, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar comentários publicados em blogs que tratam de assuntos de sexualidade e gênero, buscando investigar subjetividades acerca dos papéis sociais que permeiam as relações de gênero difundidas no ciberespaço, bem como as construções de significados socioculturais, visando compreender as percepções acerca das relações sociais rumo à construção de uma sociedade mais equânime entre homens e mulheres. Para compor o corpus da pesquisa foram analisados 61 comentários publicados em blogs populares delimitados pelo recorte das relações feminino-masculino, os quais tratam de significações relativas às representatividades sociais de gênero demarcadas pelas subjetividades fundadas que denotam os conceitos de diferença, igualdade, desigualdade e equidade. A partir do método de análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin, os dados digitais coletados foram organizados em quatro categorias: representação social, percepções das relações de gênero, motivações das desigualdades e perspectivas de equidade entre homens e mulheres. Os resultados desvelaram padrões sociais alicerçados numa perspectiva binária revelando sentimentos de insatisfação diante da imposição de modelos socioculturais de feminilidade e masculinidade. Pôde-se observar que as subjetividades carregam resquícios históricos fundados pelo patriarcado e pautados nas relações de poder. Descortinam-se sob o padrão heteronormativo subjetividades hegemônicas que exacerbam valores provenientes de ideologias que disseminam percepções definidas como verdades absolutas, compreendidas a partir das diferenças biológicas entre homens e mulheres. Entendendo o blog como recurso propiciador de ideários e das possibilidades que o ciberespaço oferece no tocante à propagação de saberes, esta pesquisa busca contribuir com possíveis transformações sociais. Com a produção do e-book intitulado “Blogs para a equidade de gênero: possibilidades em democratizar reflexões”, conduzido por uma linguagem objetiva e entusiasta é proposto a ampliação de reflexões no ciberespaço cuja intenção é provocar iniciativas que estimulem debates frutíferos para a desconstrução de hierarquizações e distinções baseadas e sedimentadas no sexo biológico. / Blogs as a contemporary phenomenon provide resources for registering expressions at will; presented ways of thinking can be known from textual discourses published in spaces reserved for comments. In this context, under the prism of the historical vestige of inequalities of rights, the present study has the object to analyze comments published on blogs dealing with sexuality and gender issues, seeking to investigate subjectivities about the social roles that permeate the gender relations propagated on cyberspace, as well as the constructions of sociocultural meanings, aiming to understand the perceptions about social relations towards the construction of a more equitable society between men and women. To compose the corpus of the research, 61 comments that were published in popular blogs were analyzed delimited by the cut of the female-male relations, which deal with meanings related to the social representations of gender demarcated by stablished subjectivities that denote the concepts of difference, equality, inequality and equity. From Laurence Bardin's method of content analysis, digital data collected were organized into four categories: social representation, perceptions of gender relations, motivations of inequalities and perspectives of equity between men and women. The results show social patterns grounded on a binary perspective revealing feelings of dissatisfaction against the imposition of sociocultural models of femininity and masculinity. It could be observed that subjectivities carry historical vestige founded by patriarchy and based on power relations. Under the heternormative pattern it is evidenced hegemonic subjectivities that exacerbate values derived from ideologies that disseminate perceptions defined as absolute truths, understood from the biological differences between men and women. Understanding the blog as a propitiator resource of ideas and the possibilities that cyberspace offers with regard to the propagation of knowledge, this research seeks to contribute with possible social transformations.With the production of the e-book titled "Blogs for Gender Equity: possibilities in democratizing reflections", conducted by an objective and enthusiastic language, it is proposed the magnification of reflections in cyberspace in which intention is to provoke initiatives that stimulate fruitful debates for the deconstruction of hierarchy and distinctions based and sedimented on the biological sex.

During the late 1970s Ghana was described as a collapsed and failed state. In contrast, today it is hailed internationally as beacon of democracy and stability in West Africa. In light of Ghana’s drastic image change from a fragile and even collapsed polity to a resilient state, this thesis contributes to the statebuilding debate by analysing the social change that occurred. Grounded in a critical theory approach the thesis applies a political settlement analysis to explore how power is distributed and changed over time between contending social groups; exploring the extent to which this is embedded in formal and informal institutional arrangements. Ghana’s 2012 elections serve as an empirical basis and lens to observe the country’s current settlement. This approach enables a fine grained within-case comparison with Ghana’s collapsed post-independent settlement. The analysis illustrates that while there has been no transformation of the Ghanaian state, however, continuous incremental structural change has occurred within it, as demonstrated by a structurally altered constellation of power. While internationally propagated (neo-)liberal economic and political reforms had a vital impact on the reconstruction process of state-society relations, Ghana’s labelling as “success story” evokes the distorted idea of a resilient liberal state. The sustainability of Ghana’s current settlement characterised by electoral competitive clientelism depends on a continued inflow of foreign capital. So far the mutually beneficial interest of portraying Ghana as a resilient state by its elites and donors ensures the flow of needed financial assistance to preserve the settlement.