The aim of the diploma thesis entitled Compensatory mechanisms in adults with Asperger's syndrome is to answer the main research question: What compensatory mechanisms do adults with Asperger's syndrome use during integration into society and what social consequences do they face? The diploma thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and research. The theoretical part presents readers with expertise from Czech and foreign publications. The introductory part deals with the characteristic of Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Asperger's syndromem (AS), etiology and interesting myths about the development of autism spectrum disorders. The following chapters provide information on the integration of adults with AS into society, possible barriers to social integration and social skills training that can be supported by social workers. The next chapters present a long-term prognosis, compensation mechanisms and their possible social consequences. The research part of the thesis focuses mainly on the collection and analysis of data oriented according to some elements of constructivist grounded theory (GTM). Interpretative qualitative research of the diploma thesis is realized through semi-structured interviews with adults with Asperger's syndrome and also with social workers from one organization,...

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This essay examined how bilingual peace education can promote peaceful behaviours and social integration among otherwise segregated Arab- Israelis and Jewish- Israelis. By using The School for Peace at Neve Shalom/ Wahat al-Salam as a case study, accompanied with Jürgen Habermas theory of communicative action and New institutionalism with a conflict critical approach, we observed the behavioural mechanisms of institutions and social interactions. The empiric data consisted of three interviews conducted by author Nava Sonnenschein from the book The Power of Dialogue between Israelis and Palestinians. The interviewed students from The School for Peace had experienced both conventional education and bilingual peace education in adulthood. We found that informal values and narratives in educational institution influence the behaviours of its students. We also found that interactions between Arab- Israelisand Jewish- Israelis in the context of bilingual peace education promoted recognition of commonalities. While conventional education generally formed hostile behaviours and segregating incitements, the bilingual peace education gave opportunities for interactions and acknowledgement of both ethnic groups; consequently, leading to self-reflection, mutual understanding, peaceful behaviours and social integration.

Submitted thesis is addressing the phenomenon of social exclusion from the gender perspective. Local issues of social exclusion is trying to resolve Central Bohemian town Kralupy nad Vltavou by producing written documents as an instrument to deal with this phenomenon. Documents look into the current situation and possibilities for change in order to achieve gradual elimination of negative effects related to social exclusion in all domains of citizens live, male or female, should they be affected by social exclusion. By using the methodology of critical gender qualitative content analysis Im to find out the way the concerned documents include the subject of gender and what role the gender stereotypes play. In the theoretical section I focus on the field of social work, which is as a discipline, heavily affected by stereotyped gender views and since its origins, faces constant misconceptions of being predominantly female profession. Key words: social exclusion, gender intersection, homelessness, institution, social integration, ethnicity, threat, gender, family, female, male

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan beviljad asyl och en förväntan om tacksamhet hos individer som av flyktingskäl har beviljats asyl i Sverige, samt om förväntan om tacksamhet har en påverkan på en individs integrationsprocess. Detta undersöks utifrån sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med respondenter som alla har beviljats asyl i Sverige och är svenska medborgare. Insamlade data har analyserats och diskuterats utifrån gästfrihetsperspektivet, en teori om gästfrihet ur en flyktingkontext. I syfte att analysera insamlade data har en tematisk analys tillämpats på materialet. Resultatet i denna studie visar på att det finns ett samband mellan beviljad asyl och förväntan om tacksamhet, men att sambandet påverkas av olika faktorer. Orsaken till varför en individ har tvingats lämna sitt hemland samt kunskap om kolonialismens påverkan på en individs flykt är två faktorer som i denna studie framgår som avgörande för hur förväntan om tacksamhet tar sig i uttryck. Vidare framgår det i studien att tacksamhet kan upplevas som både förväntad och automatisk men att båda påverkar en individs integrationsprocess och skapar en känsla av att behöva ge tillbaka till Sverige för att man har beviljats asyl. Det är utifrån detta inte specifikt känslan av förväntan om tacksamhet som påverkar en individs integrationsprocess. Det är snarare känslan av tacksamhet, oavsett om den är förväntad eller automatisk, som har en påverkan på integrationsprocessen. / The purpose of this study is to examine if there is a relation between granted asylum and expectation of gratitude in individuals who have been granted asylum in Sweden, and whether expectation of gratitude has an impact on an individual’s process of social integration. This is examined through seven semi-structured interviews with respondents who have all been granted asylum in Sweden and hold Swedish citizenship. The theory of hospitality from a refugee context has been used to analyze and discuss collected data. In order to analyze and discuss collected data, a thematic analysis has been applied to the material. The results of this study show that there is a connection between granted asylum and expected gratitude, though the connection is affected by various factors. The reason why an individual has to leave their home country as well as knowledge of how colonialism has an impact on an individual’s displacement are two decisive factors for how expected gratitude is experienced. Furthermore, the study shows that gratitude can be experienced as either expected or automatic, but both affect an individual’s process of social integration and tend to create a feeling of being obliged to give back to Sweden as a gesture of gratitude for being granted asylum. However, it is not specifically the feeling of expected gratitude that influences an individual’s process of social integration. It is rather the feeling of gratitude, whether it is expected or automatic, that has the definite impact on the process of social integration.

El Proyecto de Tesis que se presenta a continuación tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de un espacio preventivo para adolescentes en riesgo ante violencia, drogadicción y pandillaje ; así como también para adolescentes que ya hayan cometido algún tipo de infracción menor. Propone ser parte del sistema de prevención que se viene insertando en el país en las últimas décadas. Este modelo enfatiza la misión de integración social de los adolescentes mediante medidas preventivas especializadas, breves, multidisciplinarias y que se ejecutan fuera del sistema penal ; para lo cual se propone este Centro de orientación para la prevención e integración social de adolescentes infractores. Inicialmente se analiza la situación actual de los centros preventivos en Lima y se comparan con proyectos similares en otros países, evaluando la manera en la que estos afrontan la problemática. A partir del análisis realizado y el estudio de diversos proyectos referenciales se explica cómo es que puede ayudar la arquitectura para generar espacios que realmente sirvan como herramienta de rehabilitación social y contribuya en el desarrollo del adolescente en riesgo, haciendo énfasis en los límites del proyecto. Por último se explican diversos aspectos relacionados con el proyecto como la elección del terreno y sus características, el programa, los usuarios, los criterios de diseño y finalmente el desarrollo arquitectónico. / The Thesis Project presented below has the objective of developing a preventive space for adolescents at risk of violence, drug addiction and gangs; as well as for teenagers who have already committed some type of minor infraction. Proposes to be part of the prevention system that has been inserted in the country in recent decades. This model emphasizes the mission of social integration of adolescents through specialized, brief, multidisciplinary preventive measures that are carried out outside the penal system; for which purpose this Orientation Center for the prevention and social integration of adolescent offenders is proposed. Initially, the current situation of the preventive centers in Lima is analyzed and compared with similar projects in other countries, evaluating the way in which they face the problem. Based on the analysis and the study of various reference projects, it is explained how architecture can help to generate spaces that really serve as a tool for social rehabilitation and contribute to the development of the adolescent at risk, emphasizing the limits of the project. Finally, various aspects related to the project are explained, such as the choice of land and its characteristics, the program, the users, the design criteria and finally the architectural development. / Tesis

Esta investigación muestra la propuesta de mercado tradicional de abastos minorista como aquel espacio de encuentro que necesita el distrito de San Juan de Miraflores para establecer un lazo afectivo con su entorno. Para ello, se hizo la elección de la tipología, la justificación del lugar y el desarrollo del énfasis que guía el proyecto. Asimismo, se exponen las debilidades de los mercados minoristas agudizadas por la emergencia sanitaria como la infraestructura deficiente y la presencia del comercio informal en sus alrededores, y las carencias del distrito como la falta de espacios públicos, áreas verdes, integración social y sentido de identidad. Posteriormente, se muestran los objetivos trazados y la función que desea cumplir la propuesta como espacio público de calidad. Finalmente, la propuesta permite visibilizar que, a nivel nacional, no existe un modelo de mercado que logre integrar el espacio público y las áreas verdes en su diseño, por lo que la presente investigación propone un nuevo concepto de mercado tradicional. / This research shows the traditional retail supply market proposal as that meeting space that the San Juan de Miraflores district needs to establish an affective bond with its environment. For this, the choice of typology, the justification of place and the development of the emphasis that guides the project were made. Furthermore, the weaknesses of the retail markets aggravated by the health emergency such as deficient infrastructure and the presence of informal commerce in the surroundings, and the district's lacks such as public spaces, green areas, social integration and sense of identity were exposed. Subsequently, the objectives outlined and the role that the proposal wishes to fulfil as a quality public space are shown. Finally, the proposal proves that, at a national level, there is no market model that manages to integrate public space and green areas into its design, so this research proposes a new traditional market concept. / Trabajo de investigación

In today’s world, cultural, social, and economic relationships increasingly transcend national borders. This coincides with high levels of migration and physical mobility across the globe. Therefore, this study investigates the degree that migrants participate in such transnational phenomena and how this participation relates to their integration in the country of residence. To address these questions, the cross-border relationships and practices of Turkish and Romanian migrants in Denmark, Germany, and Italy are examined. The study analyses the degree to which migrants are transnational, by which factors migrants’ transnationalism is determined, and whether transnationalism impacts the social and identificational integration of migrants in their country of residence. With respect to identification, not only the national but also the local level is taken into focus. The use of a unique quantitative dataset allows the study to address the often-voiced need for further quantitative findings on migrants’ transnationalism in Europe and particularly the lack of cross-national studies in this field. Additionally, the analysis goes beyond migration research’s typical focus on transnational connections between migrants’ country of origin and country of residence. The results show that the level of migrants’ transnationalism strongly differs between the measured dimensions of this phenomenon. Moreover, transnational connections and practices of all samples go beyond the dichotomy of origin and residence country, stressing the need to incorporate a broader perspective in migration research. The analysis does not find many effects of transnationalism on social and identificational integration. The few observable effects are in part of a positive and a negative nature. Furthermore, these effects differ across the analysed dimensions of integration. Based on these results, the study highlights that transnationalism and integration are not mutually exclusive.

A large wave of Chinese immigrants came to the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century. Employment, mainly in the salmon-canning industry, drew thousands of them to coastal Astoria, Oregon. Taking the period between the first Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 and the Immigration Act of 1924, this thesis focuses on the Chinese merchants in Astoria and their importance for our understanding of race relations in the town during these years. Specifically, the merchants help to make sense of how the Chinese related to the local white population, as different sources suggest different trends of amiability and hostility. Newspapers testify that local Chinese gained acceptance during the period, going generally from vilified outcasts to respected members of the community. Immigration case files, however, show that officials displayed little resistance to Chinese in the early exclusion years, but worked harder to deny Chinese applications toward the end of this period. So, from one body of records it seems that white Astorians grew more tolerant of Chinese during these years, while the other document set shows a rise in conflict with the immigrants. This apparent contradiction can be reconciled by considering the demographic changes in the Chinese immigrant community during this period, along with class biases and the role of merchants in immigration and social interactions.

Sociologists of punishment generally agree that the American prison exacerbates social inequality, but the mechanisms by which it does so remain somewhat fuzzy. This thesis pulls from the tradition of Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002), a canonical theorist of power and inequality, and specifically his three "thinking tools" of field, capital, and habitus, to unveil these mechanisms. Empirically, I turn to ethnographic data I collected in a minimum-security men's prison that is generally reserved for convicts who will be released to one of the three most populated counties in Oregon. I explore how soon-to-be-released prisoners (i.e., prisoners who will be released within six months) understand and prepare for their exit. Data suggest most prisoners approaching release want to adopt an honest working class style of living, and that many take proactive steps they perceive as likely to increase their chances of accessing this lifestyle (sometimes called the "straight life"). However, I argue that any (re)integrative potential emerging from these conscious and interest-oriented strategies are at risk of being trumped by two processes I title "capital erosion" and "habitus adjustment." I frame these as unintended, but nevertheless strong, consequences of imprisonment. Ultimately, I suggest imprisonment worsens existing patterns of inequality by means of draining power from the nearly powerless and disintegrating the poorly integrated.