Tato diplomová práce analyzuje právní základy a užití občanského zákoníku, majetkových zákonů, občanského soudního řádu a exekuční řádu v obchodu s nemovitostmi. Skrze případové studie se snaží poukázat na kritická místa a proveditelnost jednotlivých investic do exekucí zasažených či jinak právně znehodnocených nemovitostí. Závěrečná část hledá standardizované postupy, které nachází optimální mix rizika a profitability.

Diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of an investment project on the construction of production halls and found the best way of financing foreign sources. The first part introduces the method of evaluation of the investment project and its financing alternative. After the presentation of the company and assess its economic operation of the work has focused on the project itself. The aim is for the financial analysis of the project, find an alternative best financing in the form of an investment credit. This aim was achieved and its evaluation is at the end of the thesis.

This master´s thesis is focus on financial analysis and assess performance of the comapny Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery from 2010 to 2013. In the practical part of thesis is performed analysis of the company and financial analysis and a comparison of its results with two competing companies. The aim of this master´s thesis is suggestions to improve and to conserve company performance.

This thesis investigates the impact of Solvency II on the asset side of Swedish mutual life insurers. With the help of a quantitative analysis and a qualitative examination of our results we find that there will be a significant change in demand for certain products. A substantial increase in demand for government bonds and interest rate swaps with long maturities should be expected. Furthermore, both corporate and covered bonds will be more attractive investments under the new regulatory framework. Another big impact is the lower risk-adjusted return for equity, which over time will lead to a reduction in Swedish life insurers’ relatively high exposure to equity and equity based products. Furthermore, we conclude that there are large gains to be made by incorporating an optimization with regard to the solvency capital requirements dictated by the legislative texts. / Denna uppsats har undersökt vilken inverkan Solvens II kommer ha på svenska ömsesidiga livbolags tillgångssidor. Med hjälp av en kvantitativ analys och en kvalitativ undersökning av våra resultat har vi funnit att det kommer ske en betydande förändring i efterfrågan av vissa instrument. En stor ökning på efterfrågan av statsobligationer och ränteswappar med långa löptider är att vänta. Dessutom kommer både företags- och säkerställda obligationer vara betydligt mer attraktiva investeringsalternativ under det nya regelverket. En annan stor inverkan är den lägre riskjusterade avkastningen för aktier och aktierelaterade produkter. Över tid kommer detta sannolikt leda till en reduktion av svenska livbolags relativt höga exponering har gentemot aktier. Därutöver finner vi att bolagen har mycket att vinna på att införliva en optimering med avseende på de av regelverket angivna kapitalkraven.

The financial sector stands for an important part of society’s fundamental infrastructure andnational economy. Previous financial crises indicate the importance of having a well-regulatedfinancial market. Former directives of regulating the insurance industry had insufficient solvencyregulations and were lacking in risk management. Therefore, the regulatory framework SolvencyII, the successor to Solvency I, has been established on the European market. The objective ofSolvency II is to ensure consumer protection by ensuring insurance companies properly reflectthe risks their businesses are vulnerable to.The regulatory framework Solvency II came into force in the turn of 2015/2016. However, it hasbeen on every insurers’ agenda for years and preparations have been done. It is therefore ofinterest to investigate how Swedish insurance companies have adjusted to Solvency II at an earlystage after the transition.This has been investigated by conducting interviews with mainly Chief Risk Officers and RiskManagers at Swedish insurance companies. As a complement, a questionnaire was distributed toasset and capital managers, having insurers as customers, regarding their perception of insurers’changes in investment behaviors.The findings of this study imply that insurance companies have had a compliance focus to adoptthe regulation rather than a business focus. No indications of adjustments to corporate businessstrategy has yet been noticed. However, some companies have developed a risk culture withinthe organizations. The extensive reporting and calculations of capital that Solvency II entails, haslead to implementations of new systems and processes for companies. It is further noticed thatSwedish insurance companies use the standard model for calculating the capital requirements.Solvency II has lead to increased understanding of the trade-off between capital, risk, and returnby holding a risk-adjusted capital. Also, an increased engagement of employees in the riskmanagement process has been noticed. The companies are aligned with the ORSA process, sinceit is one of the requirements, and are aware of the potential benefits the ORSA process cancontribute to. Lastly, this study indicates an improved risk awareness and culture within theinsurance companies by educating existing employees and employing new competentemployees.

This study investigates the effect of monetary policy, focusing on repo rate and the expansion of QE programs, on Mergers and Acquisitions activity in publicly listed companies on the Swedish Stock Exchange. The study also investigates whether there are significant relationships between companies’ acquisition activity, their solvency or liquidity ratios. Additionally, the observed firms are categorized into industries to enable examination of differences between industries. The thesis aims at expanding the knowledge of determinant factors in explaining M&A activity on the Swedish market. To adequately determine the influencing factors on activity, 27 years of data was collected on acquiring Swedish firms from the Eikon database. In addition, data for the calculations of solvency and liquidity ratios were gathered from the same database. Data for the monetary policy variables were gathered from the Swedish Central Bank. A deductive quantitative method was used to analyze the various relationships between the studied variables. The study concluded significant correlation between monetary policy and M&A activity, company solvency and M&A activity as well as corporate liquidity and M&A activity. The correlation was negative in all cases except for quantitative easing which opens up for an interesting discussion. Observed industries gave a mixed result in terms of significant relationships but the result also indicate that pro-cyclical industries tend to be more affected by monetary policy than non-cyclicals. All of the above-mentioned relationships are further discussed from the perspective of various theories that both agree and disagree with the findings of this study. The authors believe that these results will give stakeholders a more in-depth knowledge and understanding of M&A activity and M&As in general. This study contributes knowledge to enable more sustainable business administration and management of companies.

The Own Risk and Solvency Assessment, ORSA, is referred to as the heart of the regulation to be for European insurance companies - Solvency II. The aim of the ORSA process is to provide an overall and holistic view of the insurer’s risks by analyzing their current financial status and business strategy at hand. There is no predefined way to implement this process, which means that the companies are forced to develop a model themselves, as they see fit. In collaboration with a regional insurance company in Sweden we develop a structure and framework for an ORSA-model, flexible enough to be used by similar insurers yet standardized enough to overcome the issue of constrained resources within these smaller organizations. We apply a risk-factor based approach and tie together a balance sheet projection and stress testing, designed to be further developed as the individual insurer see fit. The suggested approach yields partially satisfying results and we consider the model to be particularly well-suited for assessing risk in the context of the small, non-life insurer. / Den egna risk- och solvensutvärderingen, ORSA, kallas hjärtat av det kommande regelverket för europeiska försäkringsbolag - Solvens II. Syftet med ORSA-processen är att ge en övergripande helhetsbild av försäkringsgivarens risker genom att analysera deras finansiella ställning och affärsstrategi. Det finns inget fördefinierat sätt att genomföra denna process, vilket innebär att företagen tvingas att utveckla en modell på egen hand, på ett sätt som de finner lämpligt. I samarbete med ett regionalt försäkringsbolag i Sverige utvecklar vi en struktur och en grund för en ORSA-modell. En modell som är tillräckligt flexibel för att kunna användas av liknande försäkringsgivare men samtidigt standardiserad nog att lösa problemet med begränsade resurser i dessa mindre organisationer. Vi tillämpar en riskfaktor-baserad metod, prognostiserar resultat- och balansräkning för bolaget och utför stresstester. Metoden är utformad för att utvecklas vidare av den enskilde försäkringsgivaren så som de finner lämpligt. Den föreslagna metoden ger delvis tillfredsställande resultat och vi anser att det är en grund väl lämpad att använda som utgångspunkt för att konstruera riskmätningsmetoder för små, skadeförsäkringsbolag.

В выпускной квалификационной работе рассмотрены вопросы санации коммерческих банков, приведены основные характеристики и методы проведения. Описано экономическое состояние банковского сектора России и проанализированы результаты санации кредитных организаций. Результатом работы выступает создание предложений по оптимизации повышения эффективности работы с проблемной задолженностью, а также рассмотрен механизм санации bail-in. / In the final qualifying work considers the issues of reorganization of commercial banks, the main characteristics and methods. Describes the economic condition of the Russian banking sector and analyzes the results of rehabilitation of credit organizations. The result of the work is the creation of proposals for optimization of increase of efficiency of work with problem debts, as well as the resolution mechanism bail-in.

On the one hand mortgage lending is an objective driver of the growth of the Russian economy and on the other hand it’s an important element of social policy and support of the population, and primarily of young people. From the position of credit organizations acting in the person of creditors, mortgage lending is a source of financial risks. These aspects are comprehensively considered in the graduate thesis. As the main direction of risk optimization and expansion of the mortgage market, additions are proposed to the existing model of the borrower's solvency analysis. An interesting and technologically reasonable proposal was made: using the information resources of the IFTS in order to improve the reliability and quality of data for analysis of potential borrowers, which will simultaneously give a positive shift in terms of reducing the time. Special attention should be paid to the offer of a new service - the "one-stop" mode, which will optimize time costs, improve the quality of crediting, and enable the operative use of tax deductions, the right to which is fixed in the Tax Code. / Ипотечное кредитование является объективным драйвером роста экономики России, с одной стороны, важным элементом социальной политики и поддержки населения, и в первую очередь молодежи, с другой стороны. С позиции кредитных организаций, выступающих в лице кредиторов, ипотечное кредитование представляет собой источник финансовых рисков. Данные аспекты всесторонне рассмотрены в дипломной работе. В качестве основного направления оптимизации рисков и расширения рынка ипотеки предложены дополнения в существующую модель анализа кредитоспособности заемщика. Сделано интересное и технологически целесообразное предложение: использование информационных ресурсов ИФНС в целях повышения достоверности и качества данных для анализа потенциальных заемщиков, что одновременно даст положительный сдвиг в плане сокращения сроков. Отдельного внимания заслуживает предложение нового сервиса – режим «одного окна», который позволит оптимизировать временные затраты, повысить качество кредитования, даст возможность оперативного использования налоговых вычетов, право на которые закреплены в Налоговом кодексе.

The final qualification work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of the impact of capital structure on the financial condition of an enterprise. The relevance of this work is due to the fact that in modern conditions for the successful operation of the company requires an objective and complete assessment of the financial condition of the enterprise, as well as the structure of its capital. The main purpose of the study is to assess the impact of capital structure on the financial condition of the enterprise of Transneft Siberia, as well as the development of measures to optimize the capital structure and improve the financial condition of the enterprise based on their analysis. / Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию влияния структуры капитала на финансовое состояние предприятия. Актуальность данной работы обусловлена тем, что в современных условиях для успешной деятельности компании необходима объективная и полная оценка финансового состояния предприятия, а так же структуры его капитала. Основной целью исследования является оценка влияния структуры капитала на финансовое состояние предприятия АО «Транснефть-Сибирь», а так же разработка мероприятий по оптимизации структуры капитала и улучшению финансового состояния предприятия на основе их анализа.